RU130275U1 - AIR BLOWING SYSTEM WHEN OPENING THE ENTRANCE DOORS - Google Patents

Abstract

An air purge system for opening the entrance doors of a rolling stock, comprising a climate control unit consisting of an air treatment device, two exhaust fans, a compressor / liquefaction refrigeration unit, an electrical junction box with high and low voltage compartments, and a duct system having a ceiling supply air duct, drain channels and floor channels, characterized in that in each tambour zone there are recirculation air heaters made with independent control from the air conditioning system of this zone, the heating elements of the said heaters are made on and off depending on the temperature of the room from where the air is drawn in, and the fans of the heaters are designed to operate continuously to ensure that if the doors open, there is air flow in the direction of the car door this mentioned drain channels are made with the possibility of creating an obstacle to the penetration of cold external air when opening the door leaves, and in In the accelerated channels, branches are formed for supplying fresh air to each leaf of the door, from which in the area of the floor during heating the supply air is supplied to the vestibule zone.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of transport engineering, in particular to the field of air conditioning systems for ventilation and air conditioning of the salons of head and intermediate cars of passenger railway transport, as well as in other types of public transport.

The prior art system is known for air purging from door pillars and the upper curtain when opening the entrance doors (JP 2060877 A, B61D 27/00, published 01.03.1990).

This air purge system does not fully prevent the entry of cold air into the car interior with the doors open.

The closest technical solution (prototype) to the proposed utility model is a warm air purge system from the openings of the door trim racks when opening the entrance doors (RU 2047502 C1, B60H 1/00, publ. 10.11.1995), while this system is additionally equipped with an outlet and supply ducts installed in the upper and lower parts of the doorway, which are connected by air ducts with a filter and an air heater and further with a fan unit.

However, a significant disadvantage of the prototype is the complexity and large dimensions of the warm air purge system when opening the front doors.

The objective of the claimed utility model is to increase the efficiency of the device for creating an air-thermal curtain to protect the wagon doorway from penetrating cold air from the outside.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of this utility model is to create comfortable conditions for passengers by reducing or completely preventing the entry of cold air into the passenger compartment under adverse climatic conditions associated with low temperatures.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the air purge system when opening the entrance doors is connected with the air conditioning system of the interiors and head cars, while the air conditioning is carried out by separate climate units. Climatic installations are established on a car roof. In the cabin, the supply air is supplied through the central ceiling channel. The control of the exhaust air from the passenger compartment is carried out directly through the air conditioning system, the exhaust air is discharged outside the floor of the air conditioning system. Each air conditioner is equipped with an independent regulator. All climate controllers are connected to each other via the CAN bus. The climate controllers in the driver's cab communicate with the train control system via the MVB bus.

The air purge system in the input / output zone of the rolling stock is connected to an air conditioning system consisting of an air treatment device, two exhaust fans, a compressor / liquefaction unit, an electrical junction box divided into high and low voltage compartments, and a channel system including ceiling duct for supply air, drain channels and floor channels. The drain channels are designed to impede the penetration of cold external air when opening the door leafs; the drain channels have branches for supplying fresh air to each door leaf, from which the supply air is supplied to the vestibule zone in the area of the floor during heating. In addition, in the vestibule zone, the location of the recirculation air heaters is provided, while the recirculation air heaters are regulated independently of the climate system, and the heating elements of the heaters are made with the possibility of activation (on-off) depending on the air temperature using the rolling stock control system.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings:

Figure 1 shows the cooling system of an air conditioning system.

Figure 2 shows the location of the recirculation air heaters in the area of the vestibule.

In accordance with figure 1, the cooling system of the air conditioning system contains: 1 a, b - compressor, 2 a, b - check valve, 3 a, b - condenser fan, 4 a, b - condenser, 5 a, b - power valve 6 a, b - filter drier, 7 a, b - sight glass of refrigerant level, 8 a, b, c, d - bypass solenoid valve, 9 a, b - expansion valve, 10 a, b - distributor, 11 a, b - evaporator, 12 a, b - supply air fan, 16 a, b - low pressure switch, 22 a, b, c, d - measuring sockets, 25 - throttle, 31 a, b - pressure damper, 32 a , b - quencher Bani suction line, 36 a, b - high pressure sensor.

Figure 2 shows the location of the heaters 41 and the holes (hole for blowing out of the heater - 42, hole for blowing out of the lining of the door pillar - 43) for supplying recirculated air in the areas of the vestibule.

Each air conditioner consists of an air treatment device, two exhaust fans, a compressor / liquefaction unit, an electrical junction box, divided into high and low voltage compartments and a duct system.

Each air conditioner has:

- 2 cooling circuits, each with a screw compressor;

- electric heater 380 V, 2 - step;

- electric heater 3000 V;

- 2 air filters;

- 2 supply air fans;

- 2 exhaust fans;

- condenser fan.

In air conditioning systems, in addition, there is a control and regulation system, as well as switches and contactors for components. In this case, the safety elements for the heaters, the contactor for 3000 V and its fuse are located in the air conditioner.

Climatic installations are motionlessly connected to a car roof by means of captures. Elimination of vibrations from compressors is carried out in an air conditioner. The case of the air conditioner is a welded riveted structure with a surface coating.

Electrical connections for 380 V supply, control voltage and CAN bus are carried out from inside the car via plugs on the right side of the unit.

Connection of 3000 V is carried out from the roof of the car through a threaded cable connection and bolts for connection.

The compressor / liquefaction unit includes 2 cooling circuits, each with a screw compressor, while the cooling power is regulated by hot gas bypass to each cooling circuit, the cooling circuit is protected from unacceptable refrigerant pressures, because it contains a high pressure safety switch, a high pressure sensor and low pressure switch. Condensers are made in the form of a plate heat exchanger (copper tubes / aluminum plates). The condenser fan is made in the form of an axial fan with 2 rotational speeds. Access to the structural components of the cooling circuit is ensured by a screw cap for maintenance in the compressor / liquefaction unit.

The device for processing air contains a sound and heat insulated housing. Recirculation air enters the air handling unit inside the unit. Outside air is supplied through 2 supply air grilles located vertically on the unit wall. There are 2 supply air valves and 2 recirculation air valves in the form of louvred shutters in the casing. Supply and recirculation air valves are controlled separately. The air handling unit also contains an EU3 mixed air filter. The evaporator of the air treatment device is made in the form of a plate heat exchanger (copper tubes / aluminum plates). Two cooling circuits are located in the evaporator one in the other. UV filters for disinfection are installed in front of the filter. Condensate outflow to the roof through the drain pipe in the evaporator tank. The supply air fans are designed as a centrifugal fan with an EC 110 V DC motor. External electronics are located in the electrical junction box. The supply air outlet is in the middle at the bottom of the unit.

Next to the air treatment device, there is one exhaust fan on each side. The exhaust air is discharged from the roof space through a common opening for recirculation / exhaust air in the floor of the installation.

Through another hole in the floor, an exhaust fan blows the exhaust air from the unit.

An electrical junction box is located next to the air handling unit of the air conditioner and is distributed in the high and low voltage compartments.

Electrical components and regulators are installed on the electrical panel.

Electrical switching devices and regulators are installed in a junction box. Their corrective actions guarantee safety against overheating of engines and heaters and protection against unacceptable pressures in the cooling circuit of the installation.

A safety switch in the individual consumer power circuits offers various overload protection options.

Each climate system in the cabin is equipped with a temperature controller. All temperature controllers are interconnected via the CAN bus. Temperature controllers are equipped with a service interface (RS 232). Using the service software, it is possible to implement monitoring functions, certain operating parameters, as well as troubleshooting on a laptop.

The set value of the temperature in the room of the train compartment as a function of the outside temperature is brought into line with the adjustment curve stored in the software memory.

The room temperature is measured by two temperature sensors in the cabin of the train.

A CO ₂ level sensor measures the concentration of carbon dioxide in a car. Depending on the concentration of CO ₂ and the outside temperature, the amount of supply air is regulated.

A high voltage contactor and a high voltage fuse are located in the high voltage compartment. Access to electrical components is ensured by a maintenance cover located at the end.

The air handling unit has a hinged lid for filter maintenance. For cleaning the evaporator and heaters, there is respectively one separate screw cap.

Condensate outflow occurs directly from the evaporator tank to the air treatment device on the roof of the car.

The duct system includes a ceiling duct for supply air, downspouts and floor ducts. In the middle of the ceiling zone is the ceiling duct for the supply air. The channel is designed in three parts. Cold air in the channel runs through the center. On the sides are channels of warm air. From the channels of warm air there are drain channels along the door racks and end walls to the floor channels. Floor channels are located on the side wall under the seats. On the end walls, a channel of warm air leads into the transition zone. Details of the side wall have a double structure and are connected to floor channels. Part of the supply air from the floor channel can be directed to the side wall area, and then blown through the slot into the window pane.

In the case of cooling, the supply air is blown up to about 80% through the perforated ceiling, the remaining 20% enters the car through the system of floor channels.

In the case of heating, the supply air is supplied through the system of floor and side channels in the car.

In the vestibule area on each leaf of the door in the floor area is supplied air. To do this, in the drain channel there is a branch to the vestibule zone. In the case of heating, the supply air is mainly supplied to the vestibule zone. On the one hand, the supply air must maintain a uniform room temperature, on the other hand, to prevent the penetration of cold external air when opening the doors.

To ensure the microclimate parameters specified in the vestibule zone, additionally, the arrangement of recirculation air heaters is provided in the vestibule zone. Two recirculating air heaters can be placed in one vestibule.

Recirculation air heaters are regulated independently of the air conditioning system. The heating elements are activated, i.e. turn on or off, depending on the temperature of the room from where the air is drawn in. Fans operate continuously, thereby ensuring that when opening the doors, there is air flow in the direction of the door.

Recirculation air heaters are switched on at an external temperature of + 5 ° C through the rolling stock control system.

Thus, the claimed technical solution can be used in railway transport to create comfortable conditions for passengers.

Claims (1)

An air purge system for opening the entrance doors of a rolling stock, comprising a climate control unit consisting of an air treatment device, two exhaust fans, a compressor / liquefaction refrigeration unit, an electrical junction box with high and low voltage compartments, and a duct system having a ceiling supply air duct, drain channels and floor channels, characterized in that in each tambour zone there are recirculation air heaters made with independent control from the air conditioning system of this zone, the heating elements of the said heaters are made on and off depending on the temperature of the room from where the air is drawn in, and the fans of the heaters are designed to operate continuously to ensure that if the doors open, there is air flow in the direction of the car door this mentioned drain channels are made with the possibility of creating an obstacle to the penetration of cold external air when opening the door leaves, and in In the accelerated channels, branches are formed for supplying fresh air to each leaf of the door, from which in the area of the floor during heating the supply air is supplied to the vestibule zone.

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