RU128314U1 - DEVELOPMENT ANGLE SLOPING ANGLE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for measuring the slope of the excavation pit, comprising a laser rangefinder and a calculator, characterized in that a holder in the form of a parallelepiped mounted on a tripod with the possibility of installation in a vertical plane, an assembly for determining the position of the holder relative to the horizon, an analog-to-digital converter and a rotary transformer are additionally introduced, the stator which is rigidly connected to the pendulum, and the rotor to the laser range finder, and the laser range finder is mounted on the holder with the possibility of rotation about the axis, erpendikulyarnoy axis of the laser beam in a plane parallel to the plane derzhatelya.2. The device according to claim 1, in which the node determining the position of the holder is made in the form of a pendulum mounted on the holder pivotally. The device according to claim 1, in which the holder is mounted on a tripod with the possibility of movement relative to its vertical axis.

Description

The utility model relates to measuring devices, namely, devices for measuring the slope angles of foundation pits and can be used to check the steepness of the slopes of foundation pits intended for repair of trunk oil pipelines.

To ensure safe work in repair pits, before starting repairs, it is necessary to control the slope of the pit and, if its value is more than acceptable, cut the soil, reducing the slope of the pit. In this case, the maximum allowable slope angle depends on the nature of the soil, as well as on the depth of the pit.

Currently, the measurement of the slope of the excavation pit is carried out in accordance with the governing document “Rules for the cutting and insertion of“ coils ”, fittings, plugs, shutoff and control valves and connecting sections of main oil pipelines”, RD-75.180.00-KTN-150-10 , ed. OJSC AK Transneft, 2010, from 15-18.

To determine the steepness of the slope of the pit, first, using measuring tools (tape measure, laser range finder, etc.), the length of the slope line is measured, as well as the distance from the edge of the pit to the point located at the bottom of the pit at a distance of one meter, then these values are calculated slope angle using a calculator or according to special tables and compare it with the standard value.

A standard device consisting of a laser rangefinder and a calculator was taken as a prototype.

The measurement of the slope angle using the prototype has several disadvantages, namely: it requires the participation of at least two workers in the measurement, the descent of one of the workers into the foundation pit for marking a meter section, three measurements, calculations using a calculator, and verification of the results of calculations with the values in tables to determine the angle of slope.

The use of standard means of control takes a lot of time and is associated with the risk of injury due to the possible shedding of steep slopes of the pit.

Thus, there is a need to improve the device, which would reduce the time of measuring the slope of the pit and completely eliminate the risk of injury.

The objective of the claimed utility model is to improve the device for measuring the slope angles of pits.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to reduce the time of measuring the slope of the pit and eliminate the risk of injury.

The set of essential features, sufficient to achieve the specified technical result and determining the scope of legal protection of the proposed utility model, includes a laser rangefinder and calculator, while the holder in the form of a parallelepiped mounted on a tripod with the possibility of installation in a vertical plane, an assembly for determining the position of the holder relative to the horizon are additionally introduced , an analog-to-digital converter and a rotary transformer, the stator of which is rigidly connected to the pendulum, and the rotor to the laser a range finder, the laser range finder mounted on the holder with the possibility of rotation about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the laser beam in a plane parallel to the plane of the holder.

Another feature of this utility model is that the node for determining the position of the holder is made in the form of a pendulum mounted on the holder pivotally, and the holder is mounted on a tripod with the possibility of movement relative to its vertical axis.

In figure 1. shows a General view of the device, and figure 2 shows a diagram of the measurement of the angle of slope of the pit using the claimed device.

The device for measuring slope angles (see Fig. 1) contains a holder 1 mounted on a tripod with supports 2. A laser range finder 3 is pivotally mounted on the holder 1 with the possibility of rotation about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the laser beam in a plane parallel to the plane of the holder 1. In the holder a rotary transformer 5 is pivotally mounted, the stator of which is rigidly connected to the pendulum 7, and the rotor to the laser range finder 3.

Also on the holder 1 is a node for determining the position of the holder 1 relative to the horizon, made, for example, in the form of a pendulum 7 pivotally mounted on the holder 1.

An analog-to-digital converter 6 and a calculator 4 are installed on the holder 1. The holder 1, made in the form of a parallelepiped, is mounted on a tripod with supports 2 to ensure that the laser range finder 3 is placed in a vertical plane (relative to the horizon). In this case, the holder 1 has the ability to move relative to the vertical axis of the tripod with supports 2, is equipped with a screw 8, ensuring its fixation in various positions.

All components of the utility model are products commercially available from industry.

The measurement of the slope steepness of the repair pit of the oil pipeline using the inventive device is as follows.

The device is installed on the ground at a safe distance from the edge of the pit and at a height convenient for the operator (see figure 2). Then measure the angle of slope along the entire perimeter of the pit. To do this, move the holder body 1 horizontally, and the laser rangefinder 3 vertically until the line of sight of the laser range finder 3 is drawn at point A, located at the bottom of the foundation pit at the intersection of the surface of the bottom of the pit and the slope plane.

Measure the distance to point A. At this moment, the rotating transformer 5 determines the angle β ₁ between the plumb line of the pendulum 8 and the line of sight of the laser range finder 3.

Measure the distance to the edge of the pit B, and at this moment the angle β ₂ is measured between the plumb line of the pendulum 8 and the line of sight of the laser range finder 3.

The signals from the rotating transformer 5 are fed into an analog-to-digital converter 6, where they are converted into a digital code. The calculator, which receives the signals from the laser rangefinder 3 and the analog-to-digital converter 6, calculates the slope angle according to the formula:

,

,

Where:

- OA - range to point A, m;

- OB - range to point B, m;

- OO ₁ - the distance from the axis of the hinge to the point O ₁ , m;

- β ₁ is the angle between the plumb line of the pendulum 8 and the line of sight of the laser range finder 3 to point A, rad;

- β ₁ is the angle between the plumb line of the pendulum 8 and the line of sight of the laser range finder 3 to point A, rad;

If the line of sight of the laser range finder 3 cannot be drawn to point A due to the large steepness of the slope or because of the inability to install the device at the required distance to the edge of the pit, then the measurement of the angle of steepness of the slope is made from any point on the surface of the earth located near the pit. In this case, a measurement is made of the distance from the remote point to point A, B and point O ₁ located near the place of measurement of the slope steepness. For convenience of measurements, a corner reflector can be placed at point O ₁ .

In this case, the calculation of the slope angle is carried out according to an algorithm compiled on the basis of an approximate stereometric model.

When measuring slopes of irregular shape (convex, concave, wavy), it is necessary to choose points A and B corresponding to the maximum steepness. If it is impossible to visually assess the degree of steepness of the slope, several measurements must be made.

After taking the measurement, the operator selects the actual soil type (bulk, loam, clay, sandy, gravel, etc.) in the calculator, obtains the normative value of the permissible slope steepness, compares it with the calculated value and concludes that it complies with the required safety standards.

Thus, the design of the claimed device provides a reduction in the time of measuring the slope of the excavation pit and eliminates the risk of injury due to the elimination of the need to go down to the pit for making measurements.

Claims (3)

1. A device for measuring the slope of the excavation pit, comprising a laser rangefinder and a calculator, characterized in that a holder in the form of a parallelepiped mounted on a tripod with the possibility of installation in a vertical plane, an assembly for determining the position of the holder relative to the horizon, an analog-to-digital converter and a rotary transformer are additionally introduced, the stator which is rigidly connected to the pendulum, and the rotor to the laser range finder, and the laser range finder is mounted on the holder with the possibility of rotation about the axis, erpendikulyarnoy axis of the laser beam in a plane parallel to the plane of the holder. 2. The device according to claim 1, in which the node determining the position of the holder is made in the form of a pendulum mounted on the holder pivotally. 3. The device according to claim 1, in which the holder is mounted on a tripod with the possibility of movement relative to its vertical axis.

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