RU128306U1 - COMPOSITION ARMOR BARRIER - Google Patents

Abstract

A composite armored barrier containing an alternating row of armored layers with a deflecting-crushing shield located on the substrate, characterized in that the deflecting-crushing shield is made up of a set of individual armor elements (armor strips) installed in the direction crossing the first armored strips, i.e. X-shaped position with a central angle α = 60 ... 90 °, rigidly interconnected and separated from each other in depth by a distance commensurate with the two lengths of small arms bullets resting on the substrate, from the inside the substrate is protected by layers of aramid fabric, and on the front side, the deflecting-crushing screen is protected by a substrate, a damping layer and a layer of ceramic elements bonded to the outer cladding, the substrate and to each other in the layer, as well as at the places where their ends adjoin each other using sealant.

Description

The utility model relates to combined armored structures, and in particular to devices for protecting various types of objects, for example, from small arms.

Currently, the urgent task is to create protective devices against bullet impact with the smallest possible overall mass characteristics. As a rule, armored barriers are a two- or multilayer composite structure.

Composite armor is known that contains armored plates offset relative to each other in depth, a series of armored layers located between them, each inclined at a significant angle to the plane of the back plate, and air gaps or rubber pads are formed between the armored layers of metal plates (Application UK N 2191275, IPC F41H 5/04).

The disadvantage of this composite armor is that it is intended mainly for protection against sliding damaging elements and does not provide high protection efficiency with a direct hit of the damaging element.

Also known is a technical solution of an armored barrier containing an alternating row of corrugations with a shielding element at their bases (US Patent No. 3636895, IPC F41H 5/04).

The disadvantage of this armored barrier is that it does not provide the necessary effectiveness of protection against damaging elements when it enters the weakened zone between the corrugations, which is caused by the appearance in this zone of the effect of forced focusing of the destruction products of the damaging element and the destruction of the obstacle.

The closest technical solution that can be taken as a prototype is an armored barrier containing an alternating row of corrugations with a screening element at their bases, characterized in that the corrugations in it are made in the form of a deflecting-crushing screen formed by a two-row arrangement of cylindrical or conical corrugations facing each other with their concavities and shifted in the transverse direction one relative to another by one third of the wave of corrugations, with each alternating row of corrugations rigidly connected by bases corrugation with a shielding element made in the form of an armor plate placed between corrugations, perforated with holes, the diameter and distance between adjacent edges of which are comparable with the caliber of a conventional weapon bullet (Patent RU N 2068978, IPC F41Н 5/04).

This armor-protective element cannot be used according to 6a class of protection GOST R 50963-96 against armor-piercing 7.62 mm B-32 bullets with high kinetic energy, flying at a speed of up to 840 m / s.

Hardening of weakened zones by shielding elements slightly increases the strength of the barrier, and at the same time, it is not possible to improve the protective qualities to the level of a blocking type barrier without significantly weighing it down.

The purpose of the proposed utility model is:

- ensuring reliable protection of various types of objects from the effects of damaging elements of conventional and large-caliber small arms;

- the creation of an armored barrier with a wide range of protection from the simplest, most widespread and inexpensive materials of domestic production;

- the creation of a technological stamped-welded construction of the barrier that can be easily transformed into packages with intermediate barriers;

- ensuring high maintainability of the armored barrier;

- improving the operational characteristics of the armored barrier as a whole.

The technical result obtained using the utility model is expressed in ensuring the protection of the object from several B-32 armor-piercing bullets of a caliber of 7.62 mm SVD flying at speeds of up to 840 m / s, with a distance between hits of at least 100 mm, which corresponds to 6a class GOST R 50744-95, GOST R 50963-96.

The objective of the proposed utility model is reliable protection of the protected object from the effects of small arms bullets, including armor-piercing ones.

This goal is achieved in that the armored obstacle containing an alternating row of armored layers, with a deflecting-crushing screen located on the substrate, made of a set of individual armor elements (armored strips) installed in the direction crossing the first armored strips, i.e. X-shaped position with a central angle α = 60 ... 90 °, rigidly interconnected and separated from each other in depth by a distance commensurate with the two lengths of small arms bullets resting on the substrate, from the inside the substrate is protected by layers of aramid fabric, and with the front side, the crushing-deflecting layer (screen) is protected by a substrate, a damping layer and a layer of ceramic elements bonded to the outer cladding, the substrate and to each other in the layer, as well as at the places where their ends adjoin each other using sealant.

The destabilizing effect of a bullet (core) flight on a deflecting-crushing screen is achieved due to the formation of the initial rebound angle when the bullet (core) touches the inclined surface of the armored elements (central angle ά = 60 ... 90 °).

The conditions for core fragmentation are created initially in the area of contact between the bullet and the ceramic barrier, where zones with one-dimensional compression predominate, and then, with oblique penetration into the subsequent layer of the barrier, in the region with large shear stresses. Fragmentation of a bullet occurs due to the formation of maximum tangential stresses when a bullet’s core hits at an angle. Moreover, the fracture is discontinuous due to the predominant influence of tensile stresses.

When interacting with the subsequent panel of the armored barrier, which plays the role of an energy-absorbing barrier, not a monolithic high-speed core of the striking element interacts, but several fragments spaced in the area and angle of deflection and weakened to a large extent by the penetration rate:

The blocking properties of the armored obstacle are ensured by the organization of a slanting strike when the striking element (bullet) meets an internal obstacle made in the X-shaped position of the armored strips with a central angle ά = 60 ... 90 °, rigidly interconnected and spaced commensurate from each other in depth to a distance with two lengths of small arms bullets, subsequent energy-absorbing barriers delay individual core fragments with complete damping of their speed and retention in the barrier layers.

Common essential features of the known device and the claimed technical solution is the presence of an armored barrier containing a series of alternating armored layers made in the form of a deflecting-crushing screen, an energy-absorbing layer (barrier) formed of a high-modulus synthetic material with a multidirectional fiber structure and a metallized armor plate.

The structure of the armored barrier is presented in accordance with figure 1.

In accordance with figure 1, the armor barrier includes a crushing-deflecting layer 1, consisting of a series of armored strips 2, rigidly connected to each other in an X-shape with a central angle ά = 60 ... 90 °, and spaced apart from each other in depth by a distance commensurate with the two lengths of small arms bullets, the deflecting layer 1 is rigidly connected to the armor layer (substrate) 3 made, for example, of steel 2P (98) 4 mm thick, on the inside the substrate 3 is protected by layers of aramid fabric 4, and with the front side of the crushing-deflecting layer (screen) 1 is protected a substrate 5 made of steel 2P (98) with a thickness of 2 mm, over which an energy-absorbing plate 6 can be installed, made, for example, of an aluminum alloy AMG6-M with a thickness of 8 mm, on the surface of which ceramic elements 7 of a cylindrical shape with spherical end faces are placed surfaces adjacent to each other by the side surfaces and made, for example, of aluminum oxide, installed side ends to each other with a gap between each other, comprising less than 0.03 of the diameter of the bullet, a layer of ceramic elements 7, with fastened with an outer cladding 8, made, for example, of steel 2P (98) with a thickness of 2 mm, an energy-absorbing plate 6 and with each other in the layer, as well as at the places where their ends adjoin each other using sealant (glue).

The destabilizing effect of the bullet trajectory on the deflecting-crushing screen 1 is achieved due to the formation of the initial rebound angle when the bullet (core) touches, after passing the ceramic layer 7, with the inclined surface of the armor plates 2 (central angle ά = 60 ... 90 °).

The conditions for core fragmentation are created initially in the area of contact of the bullet with the external armored barrier 8, where zones with one-dimensional compression predominate, and then, with oblique penetration of the ceramic elements 7 into the subsequent layer, in the region with large shear stresses. Fragmentation of a bullet occurs due to the formation of maximum tangential stresses when a bullet’s core hits at an angle. Moreover, the fracture is discontinuous due to the predominant influence of tensile stresses. Depending on the tasks that an armored obstacle can perform, it can be packaged in a rigidly interconnected screw (bolt) connection of the same type of armored obstacle, assigned one to another in depth at a given distance.

The action of the armored barrier is as follows: a bullet penetrates the outer lining 8 (Fig. 1), pierces it and comes into contact with one of several ceramic elements 7, moving a specific ceramic element 7 as much as the layer of polymer adhesive (sealant) and strength ceramic element 7. The steel core of the armor-piercing bullet begins to destroy the ceramic element 7 and at the same time collapses itself. The broken core continues the destruction of the ceramic elements 7 due to its kinetic energy. The bullet (core) is destabilized when it enters the ceramic element 7. The destruction of the entire block is prevented by the flexibility of the layer of ceramic elements 7, both in the direction of the bullet’s action and in the perpendicular direction, due to the movement of neighboring ceramic elements 7 in the layer of polymer adhesive (sealant). Large fragments of ceramic elements 7 are held by the outer lining 8, which ensures the preservation of protective properties in the immediate vicinity of the point of impact.

The thickness of the outer cladding sheet 8 of less than 1.0 mm is insufficient to hold fragments of a bullet and ceramics when exposed to a large-caliber bullet, and more than 3 mm leads to an unjustified weighting of the structure and an increase in material consumption.

When meeting with the ceramic element 7, the bullet (core) begins to collapse (crush) and deviate from the original flight path. At the same time, most of its energy is spent on bringing neighboring ceramic elements 7 into vibrational motion, which in principle resembles the “billiard effect”. The ceramic element 7 is destroyed, absorbs the energy of the shock and sound waves, which prevents the destruction of neighboring ceramic elements 7. As a result, the "weakened", dilapidated bullet (core) and the resulting fragments are destabilized on the side surfaces of the ceramic elements 7.

With the possible penetration of the damaging element through the ceramic elements 7 and the damping layer 6, the substrate 5, the core of the damaging element is further destroyed and fragmented into individual small fragments, which linger inside the armor barrier and further destabilize the path of the damaging element on the crushing-deflecting layer (screen) 1.

When the striking element reaches the front side of the crushing-deflecting layer (screen) 1 ,. made of armored strips connected rigidly to each other in an X-shape with a central angle α = 60 ... 90 °, and spaced apart from each other in depth by a distance commensurate with the two lengths of small arms bullets, further destabilization of the core trajectory occurs. The shot-deflecting layer (screen) 1) is rigidly connected with the armor layer (substrate) 3, for example, made of steel 2P (98) with a thickness of 4 mm, which ensures guaranteed non-penetration of the armor barrier.

A bullet (core), weakened in the process of linking in the layers of the armored barrier, is easily captured by the subsequent armor layer (substrate) 3. The protective effect here is achieved not by strengthening the armor, but by dissipating the energy of the armor-piercing core (bullet) in the plane of the outer armored barrier 8, it from the initial trajectory of movement by ceramic elements 7 with a decrease in the energy of the bullet (core), followed by absorption of the energy of the bullet by the energy-absorbing plate 6, and the final destabilization of the trajectory bullets with a crushing-deflecting layer (screen) 1 and guaranteed non-penetration of the armor layer (substrate) 3, with the retention of possible secondary fragments by layers of aramid fabric 4.

Armor layers (substrates) 3, 5 can be performed both single-layer and multilayer (additional placement of the layer AMG6-M 6, steel 2P (98) 7), which allows more efficiently vary the stiffness and irregularity of the substrate and more efficiently inhibit the destroyed bullet and secondary fragments due to delamination upon impact and subsequent deformation of each individual layer with the maximum realization of their strength properties as a whole.

Maintainability of the armored barrier is increased due to the fact that the replacement of damaged elements is carried out in blocks using a standard tool, including the replacement of ceramic elements 7.

This technical solution allows when a bullet (core) enters an armored obstacle in a deflecting-crushing screen zone 1, it is finally destabilized, destroyed and retained. Substrate 3 receives minor damage without through penetration. Resistance to the effects of sub-caliber bullets of small arms when a bullet enters the frontal plane is achieved due to the fact that the bullet is destabilized when it comes into contact with the surfaces of ceramic elements. The bullet deviates from the original direction of movement, begins to unfold, the process of its destruction is amplified. Substrate 3 of the armored barrier reaches a small part of the bullet (0.2 ... 0.3 of its initial length). Next, the bullet loses its stability and unfolds. When interacting with the substrate 3, its intense braking occurs. The design of the armored barrier is made in such a way that the joints between adjacent armored elements are not a weak link, but rather become useful from the point of view of the implementation of the processes of destabilization of the movement of the bullet (core), turning and enhancing its destruction (fragmentation) when introduced into the protective layers. The angle of inclination of the armored strips, rigidly connected to each other in an X-shaped design with a central angle α = 60 ... 90 °, is selected from the conditions for the implementation of a rifle bullet subcaliber. Armored strips 2 are assigned one from another in depth to a distance commensurate with the two lengths of small arms bullets, which guarantees non-penetration of an armored obstacle.

Thus, the claimed technical solution provides reliable protection of the protected object from the effects of sub-caliber bullets of small arms due to a complex combination of ceramic protection layers, substrates, energy-absorbing plates, aramid fabric and a crushing-deflecting layer.

On the back of the structure, there may be a backing layer of aramid material such as Kevlar, which absorbs the secondary.

The blocking properties of the armored barrier are ensured by the organization of an oblique strike when the striking element meets the outer surface of the ceramic elements, subsequent destruction and further destabilization of the bullet (core) in the deflecting-crushing layer (screen), the armor plate and energy-absorbing barriers with complete damping of their speed in the barrier layers.

This constructive solution and the optimal characteristics of ceramics were obtained on the basis of a large number of experiments. The proposed armored barrier increases the efficiency of the ceramic material, which destabilizes the bullet and absorbs the energy of the bullet core due to a combination of properties characteristic only of reaction-bound materials (high microhardness, almost zero porosity, internal microstresses), and the final destabilization and retention of the bullet (core ) occurs in the deflection-crushing layer.

The industrial applicability of the claimed armor protection is confirmed by experimental tests, which showed that the use of the proposed armor barrier provides no damage when firing 12.7 mm with B-32 armor-piercing bullets at a firing range of 100 m.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to increase the protective properties of the armored barrier to the effects of sub-caliber bullets of shooting systems by changing the trajectory of the bullet (core) due to repeated destabilization of the bullet (core) and absorption of its energy due to the proposed composition of the protective layers.

The technical result obtained when using the utility model is expressed in ensuring the protection of the object from the hit of several armor-piercing bullets of B-32 caliber 7.62 mm SVD, flying at speeds up to 840 m / s, with a distance between hits in the object of at least 100 mm, which corresponds to class 6A GOST R 50744-95, GOST R 50963-96.

Thus, the proposed composite armored barrier allows to provide high protective properties of objects from armor-piercing bullets of small arms, including large-caliber ones, by increasing the resistance, survivability and maintainability of multilayer armored barriers with ceramic materials.

Claims (1)

A composite armored barrier containing an alternating row of armored layers with a deflecting-crushing shield located on the substrate, characterized in that the deflecting-crushing shield is made up of a set of individual armor elements (armor strips) installed in the direction crossing the first armored strips, i.e. X-shaped position with a central angle α = 60 ... 90 °, rigidly interconnected and separated from each other in depth by a distance commensurate with the two lengths of small arms bullets resting on the substrate, from the inside the substrate is protected by layers of aramid fabric, and on the front side, the deflecting-crushing screen is protected by a substrate, a damping layer and a layer of ceramic elements bonded to the outer cladding, the substrate and to each other in the layer, as well as at the places where their ends adjoin each other using sealant.

Images