RU2761959C1 - Armored panel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: armored panel design.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the design of an armored panel and can be used for the manufacture of personal protective equipment in the form of body armor or as part of other technical means of protecting a person from small arms and fragments of exploding warheads or other moving objects with high kinetic energy. The armored panel is made of several composite layers with an arc two-plane bend, one of which is a layer consisting of hexagonal ceramic tiles. Each hexagonal tile is made with the possibility of gap-free contact with the side faces of adjacent tiles.EFFECT: increasing the protective properties of the armored panel.4 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the design of an armored panel and can be used for the manufacture of personal protective equipment in the form of body armor or as part of other technical means of protecting a person from small arms and fragments of exploding warheads or other moving objects with high kinetic energy.

Known designs of armor panels based on armor ceramic tiles of various configurations and different compositions, reinforced with polymer binders on laminated bases of glass or organic composites.

Modern tactical and technical requirements for personal body armor dictate higher indicators of survivability when exposed to bullets of increased penetration. At the same time, the requirements for the level of protection of a person from contusion injury in case of non-penetration of the protective composition are increasing, while the products must be technological, relatively light and economical in production.

A ceramic-composite armor panel is known, which contains a rear multilayer composite substrate, on which an intermediate layer with fixed rows of rectangular ceramic tiles is sequentially placed with the displacement of each subsequent row of tiles by half the width of the tiles of the previous row in a state of comprehensive compression, as well as the frontal shell of the anti-ricochet outer layer , while the edges of the rear substrate are bent around the entire perimeter of the armored panel curved in the vertical direction. Between the layers of the intermediate layer, steel strips are additionally placed in the transverse direction, overlapping the transverse joints of the ceramic tiles.

(See RF patent No. 2 578 710, IPC F41H 5/04, 2014)

Studies of the mechanism of penetration of similar armor barriers by bullets with a hard alloy core having a pointed warhead have shown that high-strength steel does not effectively resist such damaging elements. Due to the large difference in the values of the yield stress of the materials of the striking element and the obstacle, as well as the small thickness of the strips used, the striking elements do not receive significant abrasive, crushing and deflecting effects from the steel barrier as an independent object or part of the structure.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the insufficient effectiveness of protection against damage by small arms bullets and fragments of exploding warheads in case of local damage to the corner zone of a single ceramic armor plate forming a frontal ceramic layer.

Also known is a composite armor, curved in an arc in the vertical direction, containing a crushing-deflecting layer, consisting of separate ceramic elements connected in a single panel with a binder based on polymers, and a retarding layer made of durable material. Individual ceramic elements are made in the form of regular hexagonal prisms with lateral edges concave relative to the vertical axis and are located with a gap between the lateral edges of adjacent ceramic elements. The ceramic armor element of the composite armor has an arcuate concave surface, the radius of which is 15-20 times the length of the forming face of a regular hexagon. One or both bases of a hexagonal ceramic prism can be flat or both bases can include an internal cavity, which is formed by a concave segment of a sphere, while the base of the concave segment of the sphere is an inscribed circle of a regular hexagon at the base of the hexagonal prism, and the height of the sphere segment is from 5 to 15 parts of the length of the generator of the hexagon. The gap between adjacent elements should not exceed a certain size, which leads to a violation of the protective properties of the composite armor at the junction of the ceramic elements.

(See RF patent No. 2 459 174, IPC F41H 5/02, 2011)

The main disadvantage of this technical solution is the insufficient reliability of the composite armor under various ballistic effects.

The closest to the proposed invention (prototype) in terms of purpose and a set of essential features is the design of the armored panel, described in US patent 10,794,665 B106.10.2020.

The armored panel contains back and front layers molded from a plurality of ballistic fibers and a layer of ceramic tiles located between the first and second molded layers and glued to each of them. Ceramic tiles are made in the form of hexagons.

Rigid molded layers are able to prevent cracking of the ceramic layer caused by the impact of bullets and projectiles, however, end ejection of ceramic fragments is possible when projectiles and bullets hit the armor panel. The armored panel can be flat, as well as curved in one or more planes.

The main disadvantage of this technical solution using hexagonal ceramic tiles in the formation of a ceramic layer with a two-plane bend along adjacent edges is the formation of weakened V-shaped zones in the form of gaps between the contact zones of the tiles, which reduces the protective properties of the armor panel.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to improve the protective properties of the armor panel.

The technical result is achieved due to the following design features.

An armored panel is proposed, made of several layers with an arc two-plane bend, one of which is a layer composed of hexagonal ceramic tiles.

A ceramic tile in the form of a hexagon, which receives the bulk of the kinetic energy of the bullet, is placed in the intermediate layer of the panel and is there in a state of all-round compression by an amount of 6-18% of the breaking stress of the ceramic material under tension.

The armored panel differs in that each hexagonal tile is made with the possibility of gap-free (within the tolerance for the manufacture of the tiles themselves) contact with the side faces of adjacent tiles.

For this, the side edges of each ceramic tile form a right angle with the face of the tile in the middle of the edge.

Each tile is made with a two-plane arc bend, the bending radius of the front surface of the tile is 635-645 mm, the back surface is made equidistant to the front.

The edges of the back layer of the substrate are bent around the entire perimeter of the armor panel and overlap the side of the ceramic layer.

The execution of the tiles, of which the panel of the proposed shape is composed, makes it possible to eliminate the main disadvantage of such panels - the presence of weakened protection zones, namely, significant gaps between the tiles during the two-plane bending of the panel, which is necessary to comply with ergonomic requirements.

The offered armor panel is shown in the figures, which show:

FIG. 1 - general view of the armored panel;

FIG. 2 - vertical section of the armor panel;

FIG. 3 - horizontal section of the armored panel;

FIG. 4 is a general view of the ceramic layer;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a ceramic tile;

FIG. 6 is a side view of a ceramic tile;

FIG. 7 is a side view of a ceramic tile.

The armored panel (Fig. 1) contains a rear multilayer substrate 1 (Fig. 2, Fig. 3), on which there is an intermediate layer 2 (Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4) with ceramic tiles based on hexagons with a two-plane arc bend the outer and inner surfaces in a state of all-round compression, as well as the frontal protective layer 3 (Fig. 2, Fig. 3). The edges 4 (Fig. 2, Fig. 3) of the rear substrate are made bent along the entire perimeter of the armor panel, which excludes the possibility of lateral ejection of secondary damaging elements.

Each tile 5 (Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7) of the intermediate layer 2 (Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4) is made on the basis of a hexagon with a two-plane arc bend, the radius R of the front surface of the tile is 635-645 mm (fig. 6). The back surface of the tile is equidistant to the front surface.

The side edges 6 (Fig. 6, Fig. 7) of each tile 5 (Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7) have a bevel 7 (Fig. 6, Fig. 7) at an acute angle to the face of the tile.

The proposed shape of the tiles makes it possible to exclude the formation of a gap between the tiles when the armor panel is bent in two planes.

This solves the problem of ensuring uniform bullet resistance of the butt zones of the armored panel due to more efficient dissipation of the energy of the striking element.

Compression stress, under which the ceramic tile is located in the intermediate layer, creates an additional potential energy barrier that prevents the destruction of the ceramic under the action of tensile forces upon impact of a bullet. In addition, the stress of all-round compression of the ceramic tile laid down at the manufacturing stage prevents an increase in the distance between the edges of the resulting cracks in places that are located directly from the point of impact of the bullet, as well as the appearance of gaps between the ceramic tile, the intermediate layer and the base as a result of the deformation of the latter and repeated passage of the shock wave. across all layers of the panel.

The offered armor panel has an optimal bending radius in two planes from the point of view of ergonomics and can be used to protect the chest and back.

The execution of the tile in the form of a hexagon, and all lateral edges of the tile along the normal to the front surface ensures a tight gap-free fit of the armor plates along all adjacent edges, which increases the total bullet resistance of the armor panel when a single tile is hit in the corner apex zone and ensures the achievement of a technical result, namely, an increase in protective properties armored panels.

The production of an armored panel is technologically advanced, since the shape of the front surface of the tile with the proposed radius of two-plane bending excludes the possibility of incorrect orientation of the elements during assembly.

Claims (4)

1. An armored panel made of several composite layers with an arc two-plane bend, one of which is a layer consisting of hexagonal ceramic tiles, characterized in that each hexagonal tile is made with the possibility of gap-free contact with the side faces of adjacent tiles. 2. The armored panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the side faces of each ceramic tile have bevels with the formation of sharp corners with the tile surface and are oriented normal to the front surface. 3. The armored panel according to claim 1, characterized in that each tile is made with a two-plane arc bend, the front radius of which is 635-645 mm, and the back surface is made equidistant to the front. 4. The armored panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the edges of the back layer of the substrate are bent along the entire perimeter of the armored panel.

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