RU126702U1 - FUEL BRIQUETTE AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURE OF FUEL BRIQUETTES - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A fuel briquette obtained by pressing crushed wood and having a certain shape, characterized in that the briquette has a spherical shape. A device for the manufacture of fuel briquettes, including a bed, a dispenser, dies for pressed mass, containing a cylindrical side surface, a mechanism for creating a pressing force, made in the form of a group of punches mounted on a fixed plate, the lengths of which gradually increase towards the end of the briquetting stage, the finished briquette receiver and drive characterized in that each punch has a hemispherical working surface, and each of the matrices is equipped with a hemispherical working surface vertically no moving bottom rigidly secured to a spring-loaded slider, comprising at the end of the roller, wherein the matrix mounted on the conveyor trucks, wherein the devices are mounted on a frame and a rectilinear guide with a curved cam guide at its bottom surface for moving the slide along the guide rollers.

Description

The utility model relates to the woodworking industry and can be used in the manufacture by pressing shaped briquettes from crushed wood, in particular spherical fuel briquettes.

Prismatic fuel briquettes (bricks) made by pressing crushed wood are known (Bio - Energy, com.ua 2009-2012).

Known cylindrical fuel briquettes, solid or having a longitudinal hole, made by pressing crushed wood. (Bio - Energy, com.ua 2009-2012 - prototype).

Known technical solutions have the following disadvantages:

- unevenness in the direction of the pressing force (from the upper end to the lower due to the resistance of the pressed wood particles);

- a large surface area of the cylinder as a result of which requires a large pressing force to achieve the same density of the sealed volume;

- uneven arrangement of cylinders in the furnace of the boiler room (somewhere they lay like matches in a box, and somewhere they were randomly located). As a consequence of this - the uneven flow of air during combustion, the passage of air between briquettes;

- the need to use a forced feed mechanism into the furnace, such as a conveyor, because the cylinders themselves do not roll along an inclined plane (or they must first be oriented);

- destruction of the edges of the base of the cylinder during storage and transportation.

The technical task of the utility model consists in the possibility of manufacturing shaped, in particular, fuel briquettes with equal-density layers, starting from the outer, equidistant from its surfaces, which will increase the strength of fuel briquettes, uniform arrangement of fuel briquettes in the furnace and their uniform burning, as well as simplification supply of fuel briquettes to the furnace.

This goal is achieved in that the fuel briquette obtained by pressing the crushed wood has a spherical shape.

This provides the following fuel briquette benefits:

- the pressing force is directed radially from the periphery to the center. Therefore, the density of any sufficiently thin spherical layer is almost the same. That is, the outer (surface) layer is the most dense (and therefore strong), and the center of the sphere is the least dense (least durable). (The upper base of the cylinder is strong, the lower one is weak; the lower one is destroyed first of all by external influence);

- spherical briquettes are always evenly placed in the volume of the furnace, and therefore a uniform air supply is provided, which means a uniform mode of fuel combustion;

- there is no need for a drive mechanism when feeding briquettes to the furnace. Spheres are easy to roll (continuously or in portions) from the hopper along an inclined plane;

- there is less force pressing the spheres relative to the pressing of the cylinders with equal volumes of the final product.

A device for the manufacture of wood briquettes from crushed wood with an open pressing chamber, including dies for the pressed mass, a mechanism for creating a pressing force, a dispenser, a conveyor for collecting finished briquettes and a drive. (N.A. Modlin, A.N. Eroshkin, Briquetting of shredded wood and bark, M., Forest industry, 1971, p. 36-37).

A disadvantage of the known device is the limitation on the final density of the pressed material. This is due to the small amount of backing of the pressed mass in short open dies. When lengthening the open matrix, in order to create a significant back pressure, the processed material is stuck in the press channel.

There is also known a device for the manufacture of wood briquettes from crushed wood with a closed pressing chamber, including dies for the pressed mass, a mechanism for creating a pressing force, a batcher, a conveyor for collecting finished briquettes and a drive. (N.A. Modlin, A.N. Eroshkin, Briquetting of shredded wood and wood bark, M, Timber industry, 1971, p. 36-37).

The disadvantages of the known device are low productivity due to the need for soaking under pressure each portion of the chopped wood materials for 20-30 s and the complexity of the process of extracting the finished briquette from the closed matrix.

A device is also known for the manufacture of a wood briquette, including a fuel one, including a bed, a dispenser, dies for the pressed mass, containing a cylindrical side surface, a mechanism for creating a pressing force, made in the form of a group of punches mounted on a fixed plate, the lengths of which gradually increase towards the end briquetting stages. The known device allows the manufacture of cylindrical briquettes. (RU 96350 U1, publ. 07.27.2010 - prototype).

The disadvantages of the prototype are the density gradient of the obtained briquettes in the direction of application of the pressing force, the inability to manufacture shaped surfaces of the product on surfaces opposite to the direction of the pressing force, for example, spherical briquettes, and the difficulty of extracting shaped briquettes from the closed matrix.

The technical task of the utility model for a device for manufacturing fuel briquettes is to increase the efficiency of the device by expanding its technological capabilities due to the possibility of manufacturing spherical fuel briquettes, achieving equal density of the layers of the briquette, starting from the outside, equidistant from its surfaces, as well as ensuring the reliability of removing the shaped briquette from closed matrix without breaking briquettes.

This object is achieved in that in a device for manufacturing a fuel briquette, comprising a bed, a dispenser, dies for the pressed mass, containing a cylindrical side surface, a mechanism for creating a pressing force, made in the form of a group of punches mounted on a fixed plate, the lengths of which increase sequentially towards the end of the stage briquetting, finished briquette receiver and drive - each punch has a hemispherical working surface, and each of the dies is equipped with a hemispherical working the surface with a vertically movable bottom, rigidly fastened with a spring-loaded slider containing a roller at the end, and the matrices are mounted on the conveyor tracks, while a straight guide and a cam with a curved guide on its lower surface are mounted on the device bed to move along the guide rollers of the sliders.

The utility model has the following differences from the prototype:

- each punch has a hemispherical working surface;

- each of the matrices is equipped with a hemispherical working surface, a vertically movable bottom, rigidly fastened to a spring-loaded slider containing a roller at the end;

- matrices are mounted on conveyor tracks;

- a rectilinear guide and a cam with a curved guide on its lower surface are mounted on the device bed to move the sliders rollers along the guides.

This will increase the efficiency of the device by expanding its technological capabilities due to the possibility of producing spherical fuel briquettes, achieving equal density of the briquette layers, starting from the outer, equidistant from its surfaces, as well as ensuring the reliability of extracting a shaped spherical briquette from a closed matrix without breaking the briquettes.

In the patent information fund we reviewed, no similar technical solutions and solutions with the claimed combination of features were found.

The utility model is applicable and will be used in the industry in 2012.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for the manufacture of wood briquette from crushed wood, a longitudinal section;

Figure 2 is the same, a view along aa in figure 1

A device for manufacturing the claimed fuel briquette 1 includes a frame 2, a dispenser 3, a matrix 4 for the pressed mass 5 containing a cylindrical side surface 6, a mechanism for creating a pressing force 7, made in the form of a group of punches 9 mounted on a fixed plate 8, the lengths of which gradually increase to the end of the briquetting stage, the receiver 10 of the finished briquettes and the drive (Fig. not shown).

Each punch 9 has a hemispherical working surface 11, and each of the matrices 4 is equipped with a hemispherical working surface 12 with a vertically movable bottom 13, rigidly fastened with a spring-loaded slider 14 containing a roller 15 at the end, and the matrices 4 are mounted on the tracks 16 of the conveyor 17, while on the device bed 2, a straight guide 18 and a cam 19 are mounted with a curved guide 20 on its lower surface 21 for moving along the guides 18 and 20 of the rollers 15 of the sliders 14.

At the outlet of the briquettes 1 from the device, a chipper 22 is mounted, designed to act on the finished product 1 at the time of its disembarkation from the device. The tracks 16 of the upper branch of the conveyor 17 are supported by the rolling bearings 23, and the lower branches by the rolling bearings 24. A spring 25, a square washer 26 fixed to the shank are mounted on the shank of each of the sliders 14. A square washer 26 is designed to prevent rotation of the slide 14 around its axis. The shaft of the drive drum 28 of the conveyor 17 is mounted in the bearings 27.

The device operates as follows.

From the dispenser 3, crushed wood materials, for example sawdust, are loaded into the mold matrix 4. The drive of the conveyor 17 with the tracks 16 is turned on and the loaded matrix 4 of the mold moves a certain distance and stops coaxially with the first of the punches 9 (short), the working surface of which is made in the form of a hemisphere. When lowering the punches, the wood pulp is prepressed. In this case, the rollers 15 of the slider 14 are moved along the straight guide 18, and the slider 14 is supported by the tracks 16, the deflection of which due to the pressing force is prevented by the supports 23, rigidly fastened to the frame 2 of the device.

With further movement of the tracks 16 of the conveyor 17 by one step, the mold stops coaxially with the second punch 9 (longer) and the wood pulp 5 is finally formed into a ball. Note that the number of punches 9 may be more than two, depending on the required number of punches of the punches 9 in order to achieve the final shape of the wood pulp.

With further movement of the track 16, they surround the drive drum 28, which rotates on a shaft mounted in bearings 27, while the rollers 15 of the sliders 14 gradually begin to move along the curved guide 20 of the cam 19 and the sliders 14 move along the matrices 4, which are gradually turned upside down by the loading hole. When this happens, the forced landing of the finished product 1 in the receiver 10. To exclude the deflection of the tracks 16 at the time of landing of the finished product 1, the lower branch of the conveyor 17 with tracks 16 is based on the rotating supports 24, rigidly fastened to the device bed. When moving the mold with the matrix 4 to the next position after landing, the spring 15 returns the slider 14 to its original position.

Thus, the utility model makes it possible to produce fuel briquettes with equal-density layers, starting from the outer one, equally spaced from its surfaces, which will increase the strength of fuel briquettes, evenly position fuel briquettes in the furnace and evenly burn them, as well as simplify the supply of fuel briquettes to the furnace. This is achieved by the fact that fuel briquettes are made spherical.

The utility model allows to increase the efficiency of the device by expanding its technological capabilities due to the possibility of producing spherical fuel briquettes, achieving equal density of the briquette layers, starting from the outer, equidistant from its surfaces, as well as ensuring the reliability of extracting a shaped spherical briquette from a closed matrix without breaking the briquettes.

1. Bio - Energy, com.ua 2009-2012 - analogue and prototype;

2. N.A. Modin, A.N. Eroshkin, Briquetting of shredded wood and bark, M., Forest industry, 1971, S. 36-37;

3. RU 96350 U1, publ. 07.27.2010 - a prototype.

Claims (2)

1. Fuel briquette obtained by pressing crushed wood and having a certain shape, characterized in that the briquette has a spherical shape. 2. A device for the manufacture of fuel briquettes, including a bed, a dispenser, matrices for the pressed mass, containing a cylindrical side surface, a mechanism for creating a pressing force, made in the form of a group of punches mounted on a fixed plate, the lengths of which gradually increase towards the end of the briquetting stage, the receiver of finished briquettes and a drive, characterized in that each punch has a hemispherical working surface, and each of the matrices is equipped with a vertical having a hemispherical working surface a movable bottom rigidly fastened to a spring-loaded slider containing a roller at the end, and the matrices are mounted on the conveyor tracks, while a straight guide and a cam with a curved guide on its lower surface are mounted on the device bed to move along the guide rollers of the sliders.

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