RU193351U1 - Fuel briquette and device for the manufacture of fuel briquettes - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the woodworking industry, in particular to the production of spherical fuel briquettes from crushed wood. A device for the manufacture of fuel briquettes includes a dispenser, dies for a pressed mass having a hemispherical working surface and a mechanism for creating a pressing force with a group of hemispherical punches whose lengths gradually increase towards the end briquetting stages. In each punch, the hemispherical working surface is provided with a vertical conical pin pointing downward, the length of the pin is made smaller than the diameter of the hemispherical working surface of the punches, the diameter of the base of the pins sequentially increases towards the end of the briquetting stage, and the conjugation of the outer surface of the base of the pins and hemispherical working surfaces of the punches has a fillet, radius which successively increases towards the end of the briquetting stage. The technical task of the utility model is to improve the quality and improve the dynamics of the combustion of briquettes by increasing the degree of equal density of the wood pulp in the volume of the briquette, increasing its contact area with the hot gases of the furnace and improving the device for their production.

Description

The utility model relates to the woodworking industry, in particular to the production of wood briquettes, and can be used for the manufacture of spherical fuel briquettes from crushed wood.

A device for the manufacture of wood briquettes from crushed wood with a closed pressing chamber, including dies for the pressed mass, the mechanism of the pressing force, a dispenser, a conveyor for collecting finished briquettes and a drive. (N.A. Modin, A.N. Eroshkin. Briquetting of shredded wood and wood bark. - M.: Timber industry, 1971, p. 36-37).

A disadvantage of the known device is the limitation on the final density of the pressed material with a single exposure to the pressing mechanism, as well as low productivity due to the need to soak the crushed wood materials under pressure for 20-30 seconds and the complexity of the process of extracting the finished briquette from the closed matrix.

A device for the manufacture of wood briquettes, including a matrix for the pressed mass, located on a rotary platform, at the bottom of which a retaining plate is fixedly mounted, having an upset hole for removing finished briquettes, a mechanism for creating a pressing force in the form of a group of punches rigidly mounted on one plate, the length of which sequentially increasing towards the landing hole, dispenser, conveyor for collecting finished briquettes and drive. (Utility Model Patent No. 96350. A device for the manufacture of wood briquettes. Publish. 07.27.2010. Bull. No. 21).

A disadvantage of the known device is the complexity of the design, including a rotary platform, sequentially rotated by a certain angle, and therefore experiencing angular accelerations, the need for compensation of which inhibits the increase in productivity of the device as a whole.

A device for the manufacture of fuel briquettes, including a bed, a dispenser, a matrix for the pressed mass, containing a cylindrical lateral surface and having a hemispherical working surface with a vertically movable bottom, rigidly fastened with a spring-loaded slider containing a roller at the end, the matrix is mounted on the tracks of the conveyor, on the bed mounted a straight guide and cam with a curved guide on its lower surface to move the sliders on the guide rollers, the mechanism is created a pressing force in the form of a group of punches with a hemispherical working surface, the lengths of which gradually increase towards the end of the briquetting stage, the receiver of finished briquettes and the drive. (Utility model patent No. 126702. Fuel briquette and device for the manufacture of wood briquettes. Publish. 04/10/2013. Bull. No. 10 - prototype).

The disadvantages of the prototype is to obtain briquettes with a density, the value of which decreases in the direction from the surface of the briquette to its center. During combustion, such briquettes quickly lose their original spherical shape and, due to the relatively low density of the wood pulp of the internal volume, crumble into small elements, which affects the quality and dynamics of the combustion of wood pulp.

The prototype device is not able to eliminate the unevenness of the final product, since the pressing force created by the device from the dies and punches transfers a uniformly distributed radial load to the outer surface of the pressed wood pulp. The presence of a density gradient in the internal volume of briquettes manufactured in such a device is inevitable.

The technical task of the utility model is to improve the quality and improve the dynamics of the combustion of briquettes by increasing the degree of equal density of the wood pulp in the volume of the briquette, increasing its contact area with the hot gases of the furnace and improving the device for their production.

The technical problem is achieved in that a device for the manufacture of fuel briquettes, including a bed, a dispenser, dies for the pressed mass, containing a cylindrical lateral surface and having a hemispherical working surface with a vertically movable bottom, rigidly fastened with a spring-loaded slider containing a roller at the end, the matrices are mounted on conveyor tracks, a straight guide and a cam with a curved guide on its lower surface are mounted on the bed to move along the guides according to the invention, according to the utility model, the hemispherical working surface is provided with a vertical pin of a conical shape, each of the punches with a hemispherical working surface, equipped with a group of punches with a hemispherical working surface, the lengths of which gradually increase towards the end of the briquetting stage, the receiver of finished briquettes and the drive while the top of the cone of the pin is directed downward, the length of the pin is made smaller than the diameter of the hemispherical working surface of the punches, the diameter of the bases of the pin successively increases towards the end stage of briquetting, and pairing the outer surface of the base pins and hemispherical working surfaces of punches has a fillet, the radius of which increases successively toward the end of the preforming step. The utility model has the following differences from the prototype:

- in each punch of the device a hemispherical working surface is equipped with a vertical conical pin;

- the top of the cone of the pin is directed downward, the length of the pin is made smaller than the diameter of the hemispherical working surface of the punches;

- the diameter of the base of the pins sequentially increases towards the end of the briquetting stage;

- the conjugation of the outer surface of the base of the pins and hemispherical working surfaces of the punches has a fillet, the radius of which gradually increases towards the end of the briquetting stage.

Providing a hemispherical working surface of the punches with a vertical pin provides, under the force of the pressing mechanism, the punching holes in the briquette, which will increase the contact area of the pressed wood pulp with the hot gases of the furnace and will improve the quality and dynamics of the briquette combustion. The conical shape of the pins contributes to the compaction of the pulp of the internal volume of the briquette in the direction normal to the conical surface of the pins. In this case, a sequential increase in the diameter of the base of the conical pin (and hence an increase in the angle at the apex of the cone) towards the end of the briquetting stage allows a sequential increase in the pressing force from the side of the cone-pin to the internal volume of the briquette wood, which is a favorable mode of piezo processing.

Performing the length of the pins no more than the diameter of the working spherical surface of the punches with obtaining not through, but a “blind” hole allows you to maintain the strength of the briquette until it is fed into the furnace.

The presence of a pair of the outer surface of the base of the pins and hemispherical working surfaces of the punches in the form of a fillet will reduce the possibility of breaking off the edges during storage, transportation and feeding into the furnace, and therefore reduce the loss of the useful mass of briquettes.

The indicated differences of the utility model will improve the quality and dynamics of the combustion of briquettes by increasing the degree of equidistance of the wood pulp in the volume of the briquette, increasing its contact area with the hot gases of the furnace and improving the device for their production.

In the patent information fund we reviewed, no similar technical solutions were found with the indicated set of features. The device is applicable and will be used in the industry in 2019.

The graphic illustration shows a diagram of the device, front view. A device for the manufacture of fuel briquettes 1 includes a frame 2, a dispenser 3, a matrix 4 for the pressed mass 5 containing a cylindrical side surface 6, a mechanism for creating a pressing force 7 (not shown conventionally in the graphic illustration). The latter includes a group of 8 punches 9 mounted on the plate, the lengths of which gradually increase towards the end of the briquetting stage, as well as a receiver 10 of the finished briquettes and a drive.

Each punch 9 has a hemispherical working surface 11, and each of the matrices 4 is equipped with a hemispherical working surface 12 with a vertically movable bottom 13, rigidly fastened with a spring-loaded slider 14 containing a roller 15. The matrices 4 are mounted on the tracks 16 of the conveyor. On the working surface 11 of the punches 9 there are protrusions in the form of conical pins 17.

A straight guide 18 and a cam 19 with a curved guide 20 on its lower surface 21 are mounted on the device bed 2 for moving along the guides 18 and 20 of the rollers 15 of the sliders 14.

At the outlet of the briquettes 1 from the device, a chimney 22 is mounted, which is designed to act on the finished product 1 at the time of its disembarkation in the case of sticking of the briquette to the working surface 12 of the matrix 4.

The tracks 16 of the upper branch of the conveyor are supported by the rolling bearings 23, and the lower branches by the rolling bearings 24. A spring 25 and a square washer 26 fixed to the shank are mounted on the shank of each of the sliders 14. A square washer 26 is designed to prevent rotation of the slide 14 around its axis due to contact with the guide 18. The spring 25 returns the slide 14 to its original position after the contact of the rollers 15 with a curved guide 20.

A device for the production of spherical briquettes works as follows.

From the dispenser 3, a portion of the crushed wood materials, for example, sawdust, is loaded into the mold matrix 4. Then, the conveyor drive with tracks 16 is turned on, and the loaded die 4 of the mold moves a certain distance (step) and stops coaxially with the first of the punches 9 (the shortest), the working surface 11 of which is made in the form of a hemisphere equipped with a conical pin 17.

When lowering the punches, the wood pulp is prepressed. In this case, the rollers 15 of the slider 14 are moved along the straight guide 18, and the slider 14 is supported by the tracks 16, the deflection of which due to the pressing force is prevented by the supports 23, rigidly fastened to the frame 2 of the device.

When the conveyor tracks 16 are further moved one step, the mold stops coaxially with the second punch 9 (longer), and the wood pulp 5 is finally formed into a ball with the final formation of a “blind” conical hole in it. Note that the number of punches 9 may be more than two, depending on the required number of strokes of the punch 9 in order to achieve the final density and shape of the wood pulp.

With further movement of the track 16 go around the drive drum of the conveyor. In this case, the rollers 15 of the sliders 14 gradually begin to move along the curved guide 20 of the cam 19, and the sliders 14 move along the cylindrical surface 6 of the matrices 4, which move downward on the idler branch of the conveyor. When this happens, the forced landing of the finished product 1 in the receiver 10. To exclude the deflection of the tracks 16 at the time of landing of the finished product 1, the lower branch of the conveyor with tracks 16 is based on the rotating supports 24, rigidly fastened to the bed of the device. When moving the mold with the matrix 4 to the next position after landing, the spring 15 returns the slider 14 to its original position.

The utility model allows to improve the quality of briquettes and to improve the dynamics of their combustion by increasing the degree of equidistance of the wood pulp in the volume of the briquette, increasing its contact area with hot combustion gases. An improved device for their production will ensure the achievement of new properties of fuel briquettes.

Claims (1)

A device for the manufacture of fuel briquettes, including a bed, a dispenser, dies for pressed mass, containing a cylindrical side surface and having a hemispherical working surface with a vertically movable bottom, rigidly fastened with a spring-loaded slide containing a roller at the end, the matrices are mounted on conveyor tracks, mounted on the bed rectilinear guide and cam with a curved guide on its lower surface for moving along the guide rollers of the sliders, the mechanism for creating a press force in the form of a group of punches with a hemispherical working surface, the lengths of which gradually increase towards the end of the briquetting stage, the receiver of finished briquettes and a drive, characterized in that in each punch the hemispherical working surface is equipped with a vertical conical pin, with the top of the cone of the pin pointing down, the length of the pin is made smaller than the diameter of the hemispherical working surface of the punches, the diameter of the bases of the pins sequentially increases by the end of the briquetting stage, and the outer surface of the base voltage and the pins work surfaces hemispherical punches has a fillet, the radius of which increases successively toward the end of the preforming step.

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