RU123658U1 - DEVICE FOR EXTENSION OF THE UPPER DENTISTRY WITH DISTAL OCCLUSION COMBINED WITH A DEEP CUTTING OVERLAP - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for expanding the dentition of the upper jaw during distal occlusion, combined with a deep incisal overlap, containing a plastic base on the lower jaw, on which a number of metal plates are installed, bent in such a way that each of them forms an oblique-bite plane for the incisors of the lower and upper jaws , guiding planes for the lateral groups of teeth of the upper jaw, one end of which is fixed in the basis on the lingual side, the other is free, pelots mounted on the basis in the area of chewing teeth a bead with the help of clasps, a retraction arc, characterized in that the guide planes are made in the form of metal spring plates, which depart from the basis at a right angle, bend in the direction of the lower front teeth and form an inclined plane for them, and a shaper in the form of a serpentine is installed on the pelots arches to move the vestibularly located maxillary incisors, while a plastic pelot is installed in the region of the lower incisors on the retraction arch.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine and can be used in orthodontics in the treatment of distal occlusion in children during intermittent and permanent occlusion.

Sagittal malocclusion is one of the severe, difficult to treat deformations of the dentofacial system that develop in children during the period of a milky and intermittent occlusion. Distal occlusion is the most common anomaly of the dentition.

With a distal bite, narrowing of the dentition is often observed. With the help of removable lamellar single-jaw apparatuses with additional elements - screws, springs, arches, levers and others - it is possible to carry out both one - and two-sided expansion of the dentition.

In the treatment of patients with a distal bite, combined with protrusion of the maxillary incisors, deep bite, narrowing of the dentition of the upper jaw, during the period of active growth of the facial skeleton, it is better to give preference to functionally guiding and functionally acting devices.

As a prototype, an orthodontic apparatus was selected for the treatment of malocclusion and position of the teeth of the upper jaw (RF patent for utility model No. 108952). The apparatus contains a base made in the form of a mandibular plate with fixing means and supporting planes, in the form of a series of metal plates made with the possibility of deformation in the form necessary to move the upper jaw along the vertical and sagittal axes. In addition, the base is equipped with vertical plastic guide planes for moving the upper jaw along the transverse axis.

The disadvantage of this device is that it cannot be used in cases where distal occlusion has protrusion of the maxillary incisors, sagittal fissure, underdevelopment of the lower jaw. Plastic guiding planes are rigid and do not make it possible to create a minimum separation equal to physiological rest; they have to be constantly increased with plastic during treatment to move the posterior teeth.

The objective of the utility model is to develop a device for optimizing the treatment of distal occlusion, combined with deep incisal overlap, narrowing of the dentition of the upper jaw in children during a shift and a permanent bite.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the device contains a plastic base on the lower jaw, on which a number of metal plates are mounted, bent in such a way that each of them forms an inclined-bite plane for the incisors of the lower and upper jaws and guide planes for the lateral groups of teeth of the upper jaw in the form of metal spring plates, one end of which is fixed in the base on the lingual side, and the other is free. On the pilots installed on the basis in the area of chewing teeth with the help of clasps, a shaper in the form of a serpentine arch is fixed for moving the vestibularly located maxillary incisors. In addition, on the retraction arch with loops, a plastic pelot is installed in the region of the lower incisors for the abduction of the lower lip.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

Figure 1 presents a General view of the device;

Figure 2 - the location of the spring plates (inclined bite planes) on the teeth.

Figure 3 - retraction arc.

Figure 4 - serpentine arc (shaper).

The device consists of a plastic base for the lower jaw 1, on which spring plates 2 for incisors, spring plates for lateral teeth 3 are installed, one end of which is fixed in the base 1 on the lingual side, the other is free, which makes it possible to regulate the pressure on the moved teeth. The base 1 is equipped with clasps 4, on which there are fixed pelots 5 in the area of chewing teeth, on which a shaper in the form of a serpentine arch 6 is installed to displace vestibularly located incisors and a retraction arch with loops 7 in the region of the canine mandibles. On the retraction arc 7 in the area of the lower incisors fixed plastic pelot 8.

A device for the treatment of distal occlusion is made as follows:

1. On the model, the location of all structural elements of the apparatus is plotted with a chemical pencil

2. Clasps connecting the base and pelots are made from orthodontic wire with a diameter of 0.8 mm.

3. From the orthodontic wire with a diameter of 0.8 mm make a vestibular arch with semicircular bends in the area of the lower canines, and a serpentine arch of 6 loops (4 mm wide, 6-7 mm high, depending on the height of the tooth crown) on the upper dentition, processes of which should be fixed in the pelots.

4. Six strips 60-70 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, the edges of which are treated with a rubber circle on a grinder, are cut out of sheet stainless steel grade 12X18H9T with a thickness of 0.4-0.5 mm. The part of the strip going to the base is split for better fixation. Four strips are located in the front of the base, two on the sides of the base.

5. All wire elements of the device are poured with boiling wax to the gypsum model

6. The final modeling of the wax structure of the device, the pelota on an oval-shaped retraction arc with a height of 5-6 mm is made and poured onto the model.

7. Gypsum the device in the cuvette in the reverse way.

8. Smelt the wax, open the cuvette, treat the surface with Izokol.

9. Pack the plastic "Redont", carry out the polymerization.

10. Make processing, grinding, polishing the device.

The prepared device is installed on the lower jaw, while the main part of the basis 1 is located on the lingual side, and pelots 5 are located on the buccal side of the oral cavity. They are connected using clasps 4, which are fixed on the posterior teeth. The spring plates 2 extend from the base 1 at a right angle, bend in the direction of the lower anterior teeth and form an inclined plane for them.

When closing the jaws, each lower incisor with the lingual surface touches and medially slides along the inclined plane formed by the plates 2, which spring and simultaneously move the front teeth of the upper jaw. Due to the spring plates 3 there is a separation of the lateral sections of the dental arches, which helps to eliminate the deep incisal overlap. The elastic loops of the serpentine arch 6 are superimposed on the labial surface of the front teeth of the upper jaw, without touching the mucous membrane. The shaper exerts constant pressure on the teeth, the force of which is dosed by the patient. When activating the lateral inclined planes 3 (the mechanical component), expansion in the region of the lateral groups of teeth of the upper jaw is observed, when the serpentine arch 6 (shaper) is activated, the upper front teeth are moved distally ( functional mechanical component). The retraction arc 7 with hinges and a plastic pelot is 2-5 mm from the lower incisors, serves to divert the lower lip with the aim of freely moving the lower incisors forward. Correction of the device is performed 1 time in 2 weeks. On average, orthodontic treatment lasts 1-1.5 years.

A device for the treatment of distal occlusion combined with protrusion of the upper jaw incisors, deep incisal overlap, narrowing of the dentition of the upper jaw, and underdevelopment of the lower jaw in children during a removable and permanent bite allows frontal teeth to be moved along the sagittal plane simultaneously with the correction of the occlusion and expanded dentition of the upper jaw. At the same time, the terms of the active period of treatment of the distal bite are reduced, the same device remains retentive, which is important.

The proposed device is not difficult to manufacture, its use saves the time of a doctor, patient, dental technician and significantly increases the economic effect. They can be recommended for widespread use in orthodontic practice.

Claims (1)

A device for expanding the dentition of the upper jaw during distal occlusion, combined with a deep incisal overlap, containing a plastic base on the lower jaw, on which a number of metal plates are installed, bent in such a way that each of them forms an oblique-bite plane for the incisors of the lower and upper jaws , guiding planes for the lateral groups of teeth of the upper jaw, one end of which is fixed in the basis on the lingual side, the other is free, pelots mounted on the basis in the area of chewing teeth a bead with the help of clasps, a retraction arc, characterized in that the guide planes are made in the form of metal spring plates, which depart from the basis at a right angle, bend in the direction of the lower front teeth and form an inclined plane for them, and a shaper in the form of a serpentine is installed on the pelots arches to move the vestibularly located maxillary incisors, while a plastic pelot is installed in the region of the lower incisors on the retraction arch.

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