RU123501U1 - GASTRON CLEANING DEVICE (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A grate cleaning device containing a grate in the form of a disk with a central hole, a rim made along the perimeter of the grate, with scraper blades and with protrusions on the outer surface, a screw for fuel supply, auger and a rotary lever for ash removal, a rim drive , characterized in that the rim drive is made in the form of a mechanical transmission containing a pivoting lever with protrusions, a shaft, a driving sprocket and a driven sprocket fixed on the shaft, while the driving sprocket is made to mesh with the protrusions of the pivoting arm, and the driven sprocket is made to fit into engagement with lugs on the outer surface of the rim. 2. A grate cleaning device containing a grate in the form of a disc with a central hole, a rim made along the perimeter of the grate, with scraper blades and with protrusions on the outer surface, a screw for fuel supply, auger and a rotary lever for ash removal, a rim drive, which is characterized by the fact that the rim drive is made in the form of a mechanical transmission containing a pivoting lever with protrusions, a disk with leading and driven ramps, while the leading ramps are made to mesh with the protrusions of the pivot lever, and the driven ramps are made to mesh with the protrusions on the outer surface of the rim ...

Description

The proposed group of utility models relates to the power system and concerns the options for cleaning the grate of the boiler for solid fuel, mainly when using biofuels in the form of pellets with high ash content.

The “Coal Combustion Apparatus Drive Device” is known, which is protected by US patent No. 4007697. The device consists of a grate in the form of a disk, the outer diameter of which is a rim with blades that clean the outer perimeter of the disk, fuel is supplied through the center of the disk from below, using a horizontal screw at the end of the fuel auger there is a leash that engages with protrusions on the outer surface of the rim and rotates the rim with stripping blades. In the process of burning from fuel, ash and slag remain on the grate. Ash has a high melting point and remains a bulk mass in both hot and cold conditions. Slag having a low melting point, liquid in hot form, when cooled, becomes a sintered, solid mass, tending to adhere to the surface of the grate. In this case, the flow of fuel and ash is disrupted, the grate is clogged, the fuel combustion process becomes not optimal. When the rim is rotated, the blades break the toxins that adhere to the surface of the grate, and remove ash and slag from the surface of the grate. The device is simple and small in size.

The disadvantage of this device is the mechanical connection between the fuel feed screw and the grill cleaning leash. The number of revolutions of the leash corresponds to the number of revolutions of the fuel feed screw. Accordingly, the rim drive with cleaning blades is synchronized with the amount of fuel supplied, and not with its ash content. As a result, with low ash content, unburned fuel is removed, with high ash content, the grate is clogged with burnt products. The adjustment mechanism can only be purely mechanical, by replacing the one-feather leash with a two-feather and so on.

Known grill for the burner, protected by patent AT 010068 U1 2008-08-15, class. F23B 30/04, F23B 30/00, containing a grate, in the form of a perforated disk, through which a solid fuel - pellets is fed from below, a rotary rim with cleaning blades is located around the disk, there is an independent drive of the rim with cleaning blades, made on based on a screw mechanism meshed with protrusions on the outer surface of the rim. When turning the rim, the cleaning blades are cut and removed from the disk, the slags adhering to it are the products of fusion of fusible pellet inclusions. The number of revolutions of the rim with cleaning blades is determined programmatically and is not related to the amount of fuel supplied. The device can easily adapt to fuels with different ash and slag contents.

The disadvantage of this device is the need to use a separate drive to rotate the rim with stripping blades.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed utility model is a grate cleaning device, details of which are disclosed in the prospectus of KWB - Kraft und Walme aus Biomasse Gmbh on its website (TechnikImDetail / TP_Easyfire2_2012_low.pdf, p. 4), taken as the closest analogue (prototype).

The device, according to the prototype, contains a grate in the form of a disk, through which a solid fuel - pellets is fed through a screw from the bottom, a rim with stripping blades is located around the ring perimeter, a screw is used to drive the rim with stripping blades, located just below the surface of the grate, which engages with the protrusions on the outer surface of the rim.

The advantages and common features with the proposed utility model is the presence of a single drive for the rim and for the screw for removing ash. As a result, duplication of drives for stripping the grate and for ash removal is eliminated.

The disadvantage of the prototype device is the implementation of the auger for removing ash as a direct drive of the rim of the grate. The classic arrangement of the auger for removing ash is at the bottom of the combustion chamber. The ash level in the boiler is determined by the location of the hall removal screw, when moving it up to directly drive the grate - the ash level in the boiler rises to the surface of the grate, because of this the volume of the combustion chamber decreases, the process of gas movement changes dramatically and becomes not optimal, recirculation gases is reduced to zero. As a result, to save the required volume of the combustion chamber, an increase in the dimensions of the boiler is required.

The objective of the proposed utility model is the improvement of the cleaning device of the grate.

The technical result from using the utility model is to reduce the dimensions of the solid fuel boiler, while maintaining the required volume of the combustion chamber.

This object is achieved in that in the cleaning device of the grate, containing the grate in the form of a disk with a central hole, a rim made around the perimeter of the grate, with blades and with protrusions on the outer surface, a screw for supplying fuel, a screw and a rotary lever for removal ash, the rim drive, the rim drive is made in the form of a mechanical transmission containing a rotary lever with protrusions, a shaft, a drive sprocket and a driven sprocket mounted on the shaft, while the drive sprocket is made incoming her meshing with the protrusions of the pivot arm, and the driven sprocket is made to engage with the protrusions on the outer surface of the rim.

The task is also achieved by the fact that in the cleaning device of the grate, containing the grate in the form of a disk with a central hole, a rim made around the perimeter of the grate, with blades and with protrusions on the outer surface, a fuel auger, a screw and a rotary lever for ash removal, the rim drive, the rim drive is made in the form of a mechanical transmission containing a pivot arm with protrusions, a disk with leading and driven tsevok, while the leading tsavok are made mesh with the protrusions the pivot arm, and the driven spindles are made engaged with protrusions on the outer surface of the rim.

Figure 1 shows a drawing of a longitudinal section of a device for cleaning the grate according to 1 variant.

Figure 2 shows a drawing of a horizontal section A-A of the device for cleaning the grate according to 1 embodiment.

Figure 3 shows a drawing of a horizontal section B-B of the device for cleaning the grate according to 1 embodiment.

Figure 4 is a drawing of a longitudinal section of a device for cleaning the grate according to option 2.

Structurally, the proposed device for cleaning the grate according to 1 embodiment of FIGS. 1-3 contains:

1 - grate;

2 - rim;

3 - stripping blades;

4 - protrusions on the outer surface of the rim;

5 - auger for fuel supply;

6 - auger for ash removal;

7 - rotary lever;

8 - protrusions of the rotary lever;

9 - shaft;

10 - a leading asterisk (asterisk of a drive of a rotary lever);

11 - driven asterisk (asterisk drive rim).

Structurally, the proposed device for cleaning the grate according to option 2 in figure 4 contains:

1 - grate;

2 - rim;

3 - stripping blades;

4 - protrusions on the outer surface of the rim;

5 - auger for fuel supply;

6 - auger for ash removal;

7 - rotary lever;

8 - protrusions of the rotary lever;

12 - disk;

13 - the leading pin (the pin of the drive of the rotary lever);

14 - driven pin (rim of the drive rim).

Grate 1 is made in the form of a disk with a Central hole.

The rim 2 is made around the perimeter of the grate 1 with cleaning blades 3 and with protrusions 4 on the outer surface.

The auger 5 delivers fuel - pellets from below to the center of the grate 1.

The ash removal screw 6 is made to engage with the ash removal lever 7. There are protrusions on the surface of the lever 7. There is a mechanical transmission transmitting movement from the lever 7 to the rim 2. The mechanical transmission consists of a shaft 9, and mounted on the shaft 9, the drive sprocket 10 and driven sprocket 11.

The drive sprocket 10 is made engaging with the protrusions 8 of the pivot arm 7.

The driven sprocket 11 is made engaged with the protrusions 4 on the outer surface of the rim 2.

The screw 6 for removing ash is made below the level of the pivot arm 7.

The drive of the rim 2 in the device for cleaning the grate according to embodiment 2 is made in the form of a mechanical transmission containing a pivot arm 7 with protrusions 8, a disk 12 with driving gear 13 and driven gear 14.

Leading forend 13 are made engaged with the protrusions 8 of the pivot arm 7.

The driven lugs 14 are made to engage with the protrusions 4 on the outer surface of the rim 2.

The screw 6 for removing ash is made below the level of the pivot arm 7.

The proposed group of utility models works as follows.

Fuel (pellets) is supplied to the center of the grate 1 by means of a fuel screw 5. Pellets burn on the surface of the grate 1, the combustion products (ash and slag) are displaced by a new portion of pellets in the direction from the center to the periphery of the grate 1. During the movement from the center to the outer diameter of the grate 1, the remaining fuel burns out, the slag and ash cool. When turning the rim 2 with the cleaning blades 3, the cleaning blades 3 break the cooled slags, separate them from the surface of the grate 1, mix the slags with ash and dump them down. The cooled ash, dusty and loose, spontaneously poured from the grate 1 and then removed by a rotary lever 7 and a screw to remove ash 6. The drive of the rim 2 with cleaning blades according to option 1 is carried out using a mechanical transmission containing a rotary lever 7 with projections 8, the shaft 9, the drive sprocket 10 and the driven sprocket 11, mounted on the shaft 9. When the screw is rotated to remove ash 6, the pivoting lever 7 is turned, which drives the drive sprocket 10 of the mechanical transmission. The drive sprocket 10, made engaging with the protrusions 8 of the pivot arm 7 through the shaft 9, rotates the driven sprocket 11, made engaging with the protrusions 4 on the outer surface of the rim 2, which in turn rotates the rim 2 with the cleaning blades 3.

The drive of the rim 2 with the cleaning blades according to option 2 is carried out by means of a mechanical transmission comprising a pivot arm 7 with projections 8, a disk 12 with driving gears (projections) 13 and driven gears (projections) 14. Disc 12 is mounted on a shaft, which is secured by a bracket on the grate pipe. Leading handles (protrusions) 13 are made under the disk 12, and driven handles (protrusions) 14 are made on the disk 12. Leading handles 13 are made engaging with the protrusions 8 of the pivot arm 7, and the driven handles 14 are made engaging with the protrusions 4 on the outer the surface of the rim 2. When the auger is rotated to remove ash 6, the pivot arm 7 is rotated and through the protrusions 8 and the driving pin 13, rotates the disk 12, which in turn using the driven pin 14, rotates the rim with the cleaning blades 2.

Since the rotation of the fuel supply screw 5 and ash removal screw 6 is carried out from independent drives, the device for cleaning the grate can quickly adapt to pellets with different contents of ash and slag.

The presence of a mechanical transmission between the ash removal screw and the grate 1 provides a reduction in the ash level in the boiler to the level of the pivot arm 7 (below the surface of the grate). As a result, the volume of the combustion chamber does not decrease, the gas exchange process in the combustion chamber is not violated and remains optimal, therefore, increasing the size of the boiler is not required.

Claims (2)

1. The device for cleaning the grate, containing the grate in the form of a disk with a central hole, a rim made around the perimeter of the grate, with cleaning blades and protrusions on the outer surface, a screw for supplying fuel, a screw and a rotary lever for removing ash, a drive of the rim characterized in that the rim drive is made in the form of a mechanical transmission comprising a rotary lever with protrusions, a shaft, a drive sprocket and a driven sprocket mounted on the shaft, while the drive sprocket is made in captive with the pivot arm lugs and the driven sprocket is formed engaging with the projections on the outer surface of the rim. 2. A grate cleaning device comprising a grate in the form of a disk with a central hole, a rim made along the perimeter of the grate, with cleaning blades and protrusions on the outer surface, a fuel screw, a screw and a rotary lever for removing ash, a rim drive characterized in that the rim drive is made in the form of a mechanical transmission, comprising a pivot arm with protrusions, a disk with leading and driven spindles, while the leading sprockets are engaged with the protrusions of the pivot p the lever, and the driven spindles are made engaged with protrusions on the outer surface of the rim.