RU121041U1 - HEATING BOILER - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A heating boiler, comprising a housing, which consists of an inner and outer jacket, the inner jacket comprising a loading hopper with a rectangular hole made with protrusions, a grate and an ash cutter, a blower equipped with an ash pan made with protrusions and an ash removal scoop, and a chimney located in a water jacket made in the form of a tubular heat exchanger with a flange type valve, a kindling hatch is located on the outer jacket, covering the rectangular opening of the loading bu nker, and an ash pan hatch is installed in the blower zone, also contains a nut made with the possibility of fixing a thermal electric heater (TEN), the function of which is to maintain a positive temperature of the coolant after burning solid fuel, characterized in that a loading hatch is located in the upper part of the inner jacket, made with the function of loading coal into the loading hopper after firing up, while a water jacket made in the form of a tubular heat exchanger having contact with the inner jacket on less than four sides, and the grate of the loading hopper is made in the form of a pipe or a system of pipes with the function of continuous water circulation, which are inclined by at least three degrees relative to the plane of the lower base, and the loading hatch of the inner jacket is made in the form of a cover with a double-shelled chimney, while all the constituent elements of the chimney are placed in an upright position, the kindling hatch is placed at least 100 mm above the grate, and the dustpan for blowing ash is retractable and

Description

The utility model relates to devices for heating water through long-term burning of solid fuels and can be used in a water heating system, both with natural and forced circulation of water, residential buildings, structures, premises and individual houses.

One of the relevant aspects of the construction of residential buildings, structures, premises and individual houses, especially in areas with a cold climate, is the construction of various heating systems for these objects. The most used for this branch of construction are a variety of water heating systems, an important role in which is given to the direct heating of water.

The prior art various devices that are implemented on this basis.

For example, a heating boiler is known (RU 2009406 C1, F24H 1/08, publ. March 15, 1994), comprising a cylindrical body with a combustion chamber located along its axis, forming an annular water jacket with a body equipped with water inlet and outlet pipes, as well as a grate and an ashpit. In order to increase efficiency by increasing the completeness of fuel combustion, an additional furnace device is installed in the combustion chamber, made in the form of a packet of cone-shaped rings fastened together by rods and arranged in tiers with the formation of gaps between themselves and an annular gap with the combustion chamber, while the cone-shaped rings are directed by their smaller diameter in the direction of the grate and have a taper with an angle greater than the angle of repose of the fuel.

The main disadvantage of this device is its low efficiency due to the difficulty of burning fuel along the axis of the furnace device due to the peripheral air supply.

Also known is a water-heating installation (RU 2148216 C1, F24H 1/34, publ. 04/27/2000), consisting of a heat exchange section with pipelines and shut-off valves, equipped with smoke tubes with catalyst turbulators, a gas-liquid burner and a body wall, the outer surface of which is protected by a hot air casing. The installation is equipped with heat exchangers formed by dividing by the corrugated partitions of the mentioned heat exchange section, while electric heaters can be placed in the cavity of each heat exchanger, and the burner is equipped with a spiral channel.

The disadvantages of this installation are low reliability, low efficiency, high cost of heat.

A heating boiler is also known from the prior art (RU 2222754 C2, F24H 1/00, F23B 1/16, published January 27, 2004), comprising a cylindrical body located along its axis by a combustion chamber forming an annular water jacket equipped with a supply pipe and water drain, grate and ash pan with openings for air supply, as well as an additional combustion device installed in the combustion chamber. The additional furnace device is made in the form of a vertical fuel pipe, under the pipe, coaxially with it, a cone is installed on the grate with the diameter of the base equal to the diameter of the fuel pipe and the angle at the base equal to the angle of repose of the fuel.

The disadvantages of this device include its low efficiency due to the low height of the fuel along the perimeter of the base, the intake of cold air through a thin layer of fuel around the perimeter of the fuel cone, the artificial reduction of the combustion area of the fuel on the grate due to the installation of a cone on it, and also the insufficient heat exchange in water body jacket.

Also known is a condensation hot water boiler for outdoor use (RU 2333429 C1, F24H 1/00, published September 10, 2008), comprising a heat-insulated casing with a heat-insulated vertical gas tube boiler with a gas burner inside, with a direct boiler connection connected by an automatic thermostatic valve with a direct a building heating system line, gas pipes with turbulators placed in them, a chimney. An additional heat exchanger is installed in the boiler’s smoke collector in the form of a corrugated stainless steel pipe, connected by one pipe to the return line of the building heating system, and the second pipe to the return pipe of the gas pipe boiler, the gas pipes containing turbulators with protective washers from condensate droplets that are removed from the edges of the gas pipes brackets of turbulators, the diameter of which is equal to the gap between the protective washer and the edge of the gas pipe, and the base of the smoke collector contains a condensate pipe.

The main disadvantage of this device is the high cost of heat due to the lack of a hot water supply. The closest analogue is a heating boiler (RU 2442081 C2, F24H 1/00, publ. 02/10/2012), containing a cylindrical body with a combustion chamber and a fuel pipe with annular water jackets equipped with water inlet and outlet pipes, a grate and an ash pan with holes for air supply. The distance between the lower edge of the fuel pipe and the upper surface of the grate is made equal to the ratio , plus 0.05 ... 0.2 of the diameter of the fuel pipe, at a distance of 0.4 ... 0.6 of the diameter of the fuel pipe from the upper surface of the grate, above the connector of the grate, an additional channel is mounted connecting the opposite sides of the body water jacket, while guides for the coolant are mounted on the cavity of the water jacket of the housing, and / or the fuel pipe, and / or the combustion chamber of the fuel.

The main disadvantages of this device include the impossibility of burning large volumes of fuel, the insufficient life of the grate, the additional maintenance of the chimney system and the reduced amount of one-time ash extraction.

The technical result of this utility model is to increase the ease of maintenance of the device as a whole.

The claimed technical result is achieved in that the heating boiler, comprising a housing, which consists of an inner and outer jacket, while the inner jacket contains a loading hopper with a rectangular hole made with protrusions, a grate and an ash cutter, a blower equipped with an ash pan made with protrusions , and a dustpan, and a chimney located in a water jacket made in the form of a tubular heat exchanger with a flange-type valve, a kindling hatch is located on the outer jacket, closing the rectangular opening of the loading hopper, and an ash pan hatch is installed in the blowing area, also contains a nut made with the possibility of fixing a thermal electric heater (TEN), the function of which is to maintain a positive temperature of the coolant after burning solid fuel, characterized in that in the upper part of the inner jacket a loading hatch is located, made with the function of loading coal into the loading hopper after firing up, while a water jacket made in the form of tubular heat an exchanger having contact with the inner jacket on at least four sides, the grate of the loading hopper being made in the form of a pipe or a system of pipes with the function of continuous water circulation, which are located at an angle of at least three degrees relative to the plane of the lower base, and the loading the hatch of the inner jacket is made in the form of a lid with a double-shelled chimney, while all the constituent elements of the chimney are placed in a vertical position, the kindling hatch is placed at least 100 mm above the grate, and with The wok for ash blowing was retractable and the size of the blowing.

Moreover, all elements of the device can be made of heat resistant steel.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawings: in Fig. 1, the inner jacket of the device is shown in the left, rear and front views; Fig. 2 is the outer jacket of the device in the left and front view.

Utility Model Implementation

The heating boiler contains a housing 1, which consists of an inner 2 and an outer 3 shirts, while the inner shirt 2 contains a loading hopper 4 with a rectangular hole made with protrusions 5, a grate 6 and an ash cut plate 7, a blower 8 provided with an ash pan 9 made with protrusions 10, and a dustpan 11, and a chimney 12 located in a water jacket made in the form of a tubular heat exchanger 13, with a valve 14 of a flange type.

On the outer jacket 3 on the protrusion 5 is a kindling hatch 15 that covers the rectangular opening of the feed hopper 4.

On the protrusion 10 in the area of the blower 8 installed hatch 16 ashpit 9.

There is also a nut 17, made with the possibility of fixing a thermal electric heater (TEN), the function of which is to maintain a positive temperature of the coolant after combustion of solid fuel. The loading hopper 4 is made with the possibility of loading solid fuel of large volumes, and a large ash pan 9 of the blower 8 allows you to increase the volume of one-time ash extraction. In the upper part of the inner 2 of the shirt there is a loading hatch 18, made with the function of long-term and convenient loading of coal into the loading hopper 4 after ignition of the initial loading, carried out through the kindling hatch 16 of the loading hopper 4. The water jacket is made in the form of a tubular heat exchanger 13 having a contact with an inner jacket 2 on at least four sides, including the upper part of the device, and is configured to quickly heat the water through long-term burning of solid fuel. Moreover, the grate 6 of the loading hopper 4 is made in the form of a pipe or pipe system with the function of continuous water circulation. The possibility of extending their life is provided by tilting the pipe or pipe system by at least three degrees and transferring heat to the water using this circulation. The loading hatch 18 of the inner jacket 2 is made in the form of a lid with a double-shelf heat exchanger. Moreover, all the constituent elements of the chimney 12 are placed in a vertical position, which eliminates the need for their maintenance and cleaning from ash accumulations, the kindling hatch 15 is placed no less than 100 mm above the grate 6 and is made with the possibility of extending its useful life, and the scoop 11 for ash removal The blower 8 is retractable, which makes it possible to remove ash without the use of auxiliary tools. Moreover, the device can be made with different operational power, and all elements of the device can be made of heat-resistant steel.

The device operates as follows.

First, in order to melt the boiler, it is necessary to open the valve 14 of the chimney 12, open the kindling hatch 15, put several logs of firewood in the bunker 4, then light them with improvised means (sliver paper, etc.) and close the kindling hatch 15. After the fire broke out, after 10-15 minutes, open the loading door 18, taking the handle located on it, and remove it to the side. After this, coal is loaded, the opening of the loading hatch 18 is closed and the blower is opened 8. The device heats up quickly, thanks to the tubular heat exchanger 13, and the fact that the fire burns directly on the pipes or the pipe system of the grate 6, the water circulating, including in the grate, heats up quickly. In order for the water in the pipes to not boil, the grate 6 is tilted by at least 3 degrees for better circulation. Coal, when heated, crumbles into granules, which are 4-5 mm. The granules clog the hole between the pipes of the grate 6 and begin to burn directly on the pipe. When the pellets burn, they decrease in size and fall between the pipes of the grate 6, fall into the ash pan 9 and give the remaining heat there, warming the bottom and the air passing to the grate 6. Other granules that have already been heated fall into their place and the cycle continues. When the heating system is heated, close the blower 8 and the valve 14 of the chimney 12, and thus regulate the supply of oxygen, which affects the burning rate of coal or firewood. Depending on the air temperature in the room, it may be necessary to reload coal or firewood. To add fuel, open the valve 14 of the chimney 12 so that when opening the loading hatch, the smoke does not pull into the room, but draws it into the pipe. With continuous operation of the boiler, the holes between the pipes of the grate 6 begin to clog. In order to clean the grate 6 from slag, use a special poker with an elongated curved tip: open the blower 8, insert the poker into the open blower 8, use the tip between the pipes to move on and off, thereby breaking up various accumulations of ash and slag and cleaning the grate . Over time (2-3 days), ash and slag fill the ash pan 9 of the basement 8, and it becomes necessary to clean it. In the blower 9 there is a scoop 11 for ash, which is the size of the entire blower, it has a folding handle, due to which, when transferring the ash, the heat from the ash is not dangerous. When ash is carried out, the valve 14 of the chimney 12 is opened to prevent smoke and dust from entering the room. To maintain a positive temperature of the coolant after burning solid fuel, a heating element is used, which can be fixed to the device using a nut 17. In general, the device provides the possibility of rapid heating of water by long-term burning of solid fuel of large volumes in a water heating system while creating the possibility of a convenient and long-term loading fuel, extending the life of the grate, the complete lack of maintenance of the chimney system, increasing the volume of call ash without the use of auxiliary tools and convenience in the long-term loading of fuel and in the maintenance of the device as a whole. This is explained by the fact that, firstly, the device is equipped with an increased volume of blower and ash removal chambers, which allows to increase the volume of one-time ash extraction, and thanks to the presence of a built-in dust scoop, the use of auxiliary tools is not required. Secondly, in the device through the kindling and loading hatches the possibility of convenient and long-term fuel loading is realized. Thirdly, the implementation in the device of a grate from a pipe or pipe system allows you to extend the life of this grate and increase efficiency. And the implementation in the device of the constituent elements of the chimney, placed only in a vertical position, allows not to clean the chimney from ash accumulations. All these advantages provide enhanced serviceability of the boiler.

Claims (2)

1. A heating boiler, comprising a housing, which consists of an inner and outer jacket, the inner jacket comprising a loading hopper with a rectangular hole made with protrusions, a grate and an ash cutter, a blower equipped with an ash pan made with protrusions and an ash removal scoop, and a chimney located in a water jacket made in the form of a tubular heat exchanger with a flange type valve, a kindling hatch is located on the outer jacket, covering the rectangular opening of the loading bu nker, and an ash pan hatch is installed in the blower zone, also contains a nut made with the possibility of fixing a thermal electric heater (TEN), the function of which is to maintain a positive temperature of the coolant after burning solid fuel, characterized in that a loading hatch is located in the upper part of the inner jacket, made with the function of loading coal into the loading hopper after firing up, while a water jacket made in the form of a tubular heat exchanger having contact with the inner jacket on less than four sides, and the grate of the loading hopper is made in the form of a pipe or a system of pipes with the function of continuous water circulation, which are located at an angle of at least three degrees relative to the plane of the lower base, and the loading hatch of the inner jacket is made in the form of a cover with a double-shelled chimney, while all the constituent elements of the chimney are placed in an upright position, the kindling hatch is placed at least 100 mm above the grate, and the dustpan for blowing ash is retractable and about the size of the blower. 2. The heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that all the elements of the device are made of heat-resistant steel.