RU117672U1 - SYSTEM OF OPTIMIZATION OF BALANCES OF THE HEAT SUPPLY ORGANIZATION - Google Patents

Abstract

A system for optimizing balances of a heat supplying organization, which includes a data download unit, a data consolidation unit, an actual heat balance formation unit, an analysis and visualization unit and a predicted heat balance generation unit, and the data loading unit is connected to the data consolidation unit, which is connected to the actual heat balance generation unit. heat balance, while the unit for generating the actual heat balance is connected to the analysis and visualization unit and the unit for forming the predicted heat balance.

Description

The technical solution relates to computerized information systems and can be used to form actual and forecast balances of the heat supplying organization, as well as to calculate the main technical and economic indicators of such balances.

The prior art system for optimizing the balances of a heat supplying organization (accounting for energy consumption) is described in the patent for utility model RU 81366 U1, published on 03/10/2009. The specified system is the closest analogue in relation to the claimed utility model. The known system consists of a data loading (collection) unit connected to a data consolidation unit (database), which is connected to the actual heat balance generation unit, while the actual heat balance formation unit is connected to the analysis and visualization unit and the predicted heat balance formation unit ( formation of a plan for energy consumption).

The known system allows you to determine the amount of energy consumed, compare it with the planned parameters and display the analyzed information, however, the known system does not have the ability to build a forecast balance.

The inventive utility model is aimed at solving the technical problem of creating an information computerized system that, when forming the actual and forecast balances, effectively combines financial and technological information.

The technical result achieved in this case is to increase the accuracy and reliability of the output data when forming the actual and forecast balances of the heat supplying organization.

The indicated technical result is achieved in that the system for optimizing the balances of the heat supplying organization includes a data loading unit, a data consolidation unit, an actual heat balance generation unit, an analysis and visualization unit and a predicted heat balance formation unit, the data loading unit being connected to the data consolidation unit, which is connected to the actual heat balance formation unit, while the actual heat balance formation unit is connected to the analysis and visualization unit tion and formation of block predictive heat balance.

These features are significant and interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the specified technical result.

This useful model is illustrated by a concrete example, which, however, is not the only possible one, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving the required technical result by the given set of features.

The data loading unit can be presented in the form of heat measurement sensors, gas pressure measurement sensors, operability sensors and other monitoring and accounting sensors. These sensors are configured to automatically transmit data. Also, the data loading unit can be presented in the form of a computer or a portable computing device into which data from analog sensors of control and accounting are entered.

The data consolidation unit is a database on the server designed to store and consolidate data obtained from the data loading unit, and was developed taking into account compatibility requirements with existing software systems for automatic control and recording of meter readings and billing systems. The consolidation unit is made with the ability to maintain end-to-end directories of heat metering points.

The actual heat balance generation unit receives input data received and consolidated in the data consolidation unit. As part of the actual heat balance formation unit, the following features of the calculation algorithm are provided: the procedures for filling in the missing data received from meters at heat sources, heat points or from consumers, the procedures for filling in the missing data in the absence of metering devices in some nodes of the heat supply system, accounting for consumer characteristics, having sub-subscribers, the ability to switch consumers between heat points during the billing period, the ability to switch cheny thermal points between the heat source during the settlement period, the ability to connect directly with consumers of thermal energy to the thermal energy, the ability to calculate both for systems with their own generation as well as for systems operating with the purchase of thermal energy.

The result of the operation of the actual heat balance formation unit is the formation of the balance equation for each network section.

An approximate scheme of the actual heat balance formation unit for calculating the actual balance is presented below:

1. Data collection for the formation of the actual balance of thermal energy.

When collecting actual physical indicators of the operation of the heat supply system, information is provided in the context of the following structural units of the heat supply system:

a) Sources of thermal energy generation (hereinafter referred to as Sources);

b) Heat points (hereinafter TP);

c) Consumers of thermal energy (hereinafter Consumers).

Actual natural indicators of the operation of the heat supply system include, first of all, the volumes of generation and consumption of thermal energy, measured in gigacalories (hereinafter Gcal). In this case, the connections of TP with Sources of thermal energy and Consumers with TP are taken into account. The basic source of data for the formation of balance and analysis are actual physical indicators obtained from heat meters.

2. Filling in the missing data.

In some cases, it is impossible to collect data from metering devices in some parts of the heat supply system. The following is a list of such cases:

a) The meter is nominally installed, but the data from it is either incorrect, or it is temporarily out of order (breakdown, verification) - in this case, the actual indicators for the Balance Management System (hereinafter SMS) are supposed to be obtained on the basis of accumulated statistics for this metering node by extrapolation on the basis of a certain previous period (for example, 3 years) during which this meter was functioning properly.

b) TP was not equipped with a metering device. In this case, the indicators are supposed to be obtained by calculation based on the data of heat supply to Consumers connected to the corresponding TP, and the normative losses in the enclosed circuits of the distribution networks of this TP.

c) The consumer is not equipped with a metering device. In this case, the calculation of actual indicators will be carried out according to current standards.

d) TP and a number of Consumers of this TP are not equipped with metering devices. In this case, the actual indicators of these two levels are calculated in several stages:

- the amount of thermal energy received at the corresponding TP is determined through the difference between the supply to the network from the source, the normative losses in the main networks of the source from which the TP receives thermal energy, and the actual supply to other TP of this source, obtained from metering devices;

- the amount of thermal energy received by the Consumers of the corresponding TP who do not have metering devices is determined through the difference between the heat of the TP received from the Source, useful leave to Consumers, which is carried out by house metering devices, standard losses in the corresponding circuits of the distribution networks of the Consumer data, after which the remaining useful vacation is distributed among consumers who do not have metering devices, in proportion to their contractual loads.

3. Calculation adjustment.

Accounting for consumer switching between TP and TP between Sources.

In cases where switching occurs during the billing period (month), the separation of the volumes of heat energy supply is carried out in proportion to the duration of the corresponding time periods.

In some cases, the data received at the input of the balance calculation algorithm do not reflect the actual structure of heat supply. In this case, structural adjustments are applied at two levels:

- Consumer binding to TP;

- TP binding to Sources.

4. Calculation of losses in trunk networks and thermal inputs.

Based on the data obtained at the previous stages of the calculation, losses in the main networks and heat inputs are calculated as the difference between the heat supply at the Source and the total supply to the TP (including the estimated volumes for the TP not equipped with metering devices).

5. Calculation of losses in heat points and distribution networks.

Losses in heating points and distribution networks are calculated as the difference between the revenue at TP and the total supply to Consumers. In case of complete or partial absence of metering devices, the data obtained at the stage of filling in the missing data are used.

6. Analysis of the results of the calculation of losses.

After the calculation of losses is completed, an analysis of the correctness of the balance is carried out. The analysis reveals anomalies of the following types:

a) data inconsistency (negative losses);

b) emissions of specific indicators of losses (significant deviations of absolute and specific values from statistical data and analogues);

c) emissions of volumes (significant deviations of absolute and specific values from statistical data and analogues).

The system provides basic analytical capabilities to investigate the possible causes of anomalies. In particular, a factor analysis of heat losses is carried out depending on the composition of network assets. In the event that significant anomalies are identified at the stage of analysis of the results of the calculation of losses, a return to the data collection stage occurs.

7. The formation of the consolidated balance sheet.

Based on the calculations, a summary report is formed on the balance of consumption, production and loss of thermal energy in the context of Sources, enterprises, branches, as well as the organization as a whole.

8. Distribution of losses in trunk lines and thermal inputs by TP.

After the balance is formed, the distribution of losses in the trunk lines and heat inputs is carried out for individual TP. This calculation is necessary to determine the cost of heat supply and scenario modeling. The system implements the following principles for sharing losses by Consumers:

a) in proportion to the transmission distance;

b) in proportion to the amount of transmission;

c) in proportion to the product of the volume and transmission distance.

9. Distribution of total losses attributed to TP by consumers. Distribution is carried out in proportion to the volume of productive leave.

As part of the analysis and visualization unit, a number of functions are implemented whose purpose is to detect the inefficiency signals of the heat supply system. The analysis and visualization unit receives the generated actual balance of the heat supplying organization as an input.

The result of the analysis and visualization unit is a nodal price map. Nodal prices reflect the cost per unit of heat energy at a given point in the heat supply system. The cost price takes into account the costs associated with the production or purchase of thermal energy, including conditionally fixed (operating) costs, fuel cost, the amount of heat energy lost on the way from the Source to this point.

The approximate algorithm of the analysis and visualization unit:

a) determining the composition of the incoming nodes;

b) determination in accordance with the accepted calculation formulas of the cost of transfer of thermal energy for each node;

c) determination in accordance with the accepted calculation formulas of the cost of production or purchase for each node;

d) calculation of nodal prices for each node according to the following formula:

yts _i = b _i + Σa _ij * yts _j ,

where b is the cost of transmission within this node,

a is the weight coefficient of the parent node;

e) display of a graphic map of nodal prices in the following formats:

- two-dimensional graph for the analysis of the ratio of the plan and the fact;

- a three-dimensional graph for the analysis of emissions in the temporal and spatial dimensions;

- A graph for analyzing the structural relationship between nodal prices.

The predictive heat balance generation unit allows automatic generation of a forecast of heat energy consumption, construction of a heat energy transmission scheme along trunk lines, heat inputs and heat points, forecasting equipment loading and fuel consumption for the regulation period. The planning time step is a month. Planning is carried out with detail down to the level of individual Consumers and Sources. The predictive heat balance generation unit accumulates both planned and actual data. Based on the output of the work of the predictive heat balance formation unit in the system, a comparative analysis of planned and actual indicators is carried out monthly.

The following data are received at the input of the predictive heat balance formation unit:

- the actual balance of production, transmission and consumption of thermal energy for past periods;

- information on structural changes in the heat supply system;

- change in the composition of the Sources;

- change in the composition of TP;

- an indication of the Sources of new TP;

- change in the composition of consumers;

- indication of TP and Sources for new Consumers;

- change in the composition of generating equipment;

- contractual consumption by consumers for the next year;

- contractual consumption for past and present periods;

- the specific consumption of equivalent fuel per unit of production, set for each Source by a step function of the volume of heat energy production, which corresponds to the regime map of the equipment or specific fuel consumption approved by the regulatory body (in this case, the step function has one step);

- marginal volumes of heat energy generation at Sources;

- regulatory heat loss.

The approximate work scheme of the predictive heat balance formation unit for calculating the forecast balance is presented below:

1. The calculation of the actual ratio of contractual and actual loads.

2. Calculation of the planned consumption of new Consumers based on their contractual parameters and the ratio of contractual and actual loads.

3. Calculation of indices of changes in contractual loads for each Consumer, which is supplied with thermal energy in the current year and will be supplied in the future.

4. The calculation of forecast consumption volumes for Consumers who were supplied with thermal energy in the past and will be supplied in the future, the calculation is carried out by indexing the actual values on the index of changes in contractual loads.

5. The formation of the supply chain “Source-Consumer”.

6. Calculation of the forecast volumes of the Sources as the sum of the normative losses and the forecast balance amounts of consumption of all Consumers attached to this Source.

In the event that in the base month heat was supplied to the Consumer from several TPs and Sources, the separation of consumption volumes is carried out while maintaining the proportion for each Consumer.

In the event that the preservation of the proportion is impossible due to technological limitations, the replacement and additional loading of the Sources is carried out in an automated mode in accordance with the principle of economic efficiency (cheaper switching Sources are selected primarily for switching), and if available, they are taken into account as the possibility of switching between TP , and switching between Sources.

The result of the work of the predictive heat balance formation unit is:

a) balance sheet volumes of forecasted heat supply per month;

b) the estimated amount of equivalent fuel costs for each Source. This utility model is industrially applicable, as it can be implemented using widely used computerized systems.

Claims (1)

A system for optimizing the balances of a heat supplying organization, including a data loading unit, a data consolidation unit, an actual heat balance generation unit, an analysis and visualization unit, and a predicted heat balance formation unit, the data loading unit being connected to a data consolidation unit that is connected to the actual generating unit heat balance, while the actual heat balance formation unit is connected to the analysis and visualization unit and the predicted heat generation unit Lance.