RU116903U1 - INSTALLATION OF COMPLEX PROCESSING OF EXHAUST GASES OF SHIPBOARD INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES - Google Patents

Abstract

An installation for complex processing of exhaust gases from marine internal combustion engines, characterized in that it contains a gate, a cooling heat exchanger, a seawater filter, an ozonator unit that supplies ozone to a cyclone-foam apparatus, in which the exhaust gases are contacted with foamed ozonized water to form an artificial gas mixture, purified and saturated with oxygen, intended for bypassing into the engine intake manifold.

Description

The utility model relates to power engineering. The primary area of use is to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases (OG) of internal combustion engines (ICE) and improve their economic indicators.

The known method (patent for the invention No. 2262615 C2) "Method of comprehensively improving environmental safety and improving the economic performance of power plants" [1].

Its disadvantage is the lack of treatment of the source water in front of the cyclone-foam apparatus (CPA), and it is also not provided for the use of wastewater from the CPA, which has a high acidity (pH up to 12), for the treatment of wastewater in the tank of source waste water (CB).

The known method (patent for the invention No. 2027870) "A method of reducing the toxicity of exhaust gases from a power plant and a device for its implementation" [2].

Its disadvantage is the promotion of activation of electrochemical corrosion processes on parts and components of power plants (EU) due to the increased content of sulfur compounds SO _X in the recirculated part of the exhaust gas _. These compounds, interacting with water vapor, also formed during the combustion of the fuel, form sulfur dioxide (H ₂ SO ₃ ) acid. In addition, the application of this method does not help to reduce the thermal tension of the parts of the cylinder-piston group, to reduce carbon formation and the possibility of forcing EU, leads to abrasive wear of the EU components by the particles contained in the recirculated part of the exhaust gas, and increase the smoke of the exhaust gas up to 10%.

The objective of the utility model is to eliminate these shortcomings, increase due to this the environmental safety of ICEs, increase their resource and improve economic characteristics.

The technical result of the utility model consists in developing a method for increasing the percentage of exhaust gas recirculation, preparing an artificial gas mixture (IHS), saturating it with oxygen (O ₂ ) and water vapor (H ₂ O), utilizing the heat of the exhaust gas, thereby increasing the environmental safety and economic performance of ICE .

A device for improving environmental safety and improving the economic performance of internal combustion engines includes the wet cleaning of exhaust gases in a central heating unit with ozonated water, obtaining from an exhaust gas generating system in a central heating unit by saturation of O ₂ through decomposition of o ₃ O ⇒ O + O ₂ , recirculation of the natural gas group with regulation of their consumption and moisture content, heat recovery of exhaust gas.

The installation of integrated exhaust gas treatment for marine ICE includes:

- CPA,

- ozonation unit,

- pump

- strainer,

- heat exchanger

- gate.

The schematic diagram of the installation of the integrated exhaust gas treatment of marine ICEs is presented in the diagram.

The system operates as follows. Part of the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine enters through the control gate into the heat exchanger, where it is cooled and supplied to the CPA, and the selected heat is sent to the needs of heat supply. Water from behind is taken by the pump through a strainer and sent to the CPA. Ozone generated in the ozonation unit is supplied to the lower part of the water tank of the CPA. In it, the exhaust gas, passing through a foam saturated with ozone, is cleaned of harmful impurities and, saturated with oxygen, is converted into an IHC, sent to the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine. In the CPA, water is discharged into the CB tank.

The number, purpose and operation of functional units provide a complete and comprehensive solution to the task.

The optimal performance of this installation in the form of a block device on a common frame. Also available as separate modules.

A similar installation can be used for complex processing of exhaust gases of ship and stationary ICE for various purposes.

The proposed utility model will allow for the most complete purification of exhaust gases, their saturation with oxygen, achievement of a high degree of exhaust gas recirculation, due to which high technical, economic and environmental performance of internal combustion engines will be achieved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation of integrated processing of exhaust gas of marine ICEs.

An integrated exhaust gas treatment facility for marine internal combustion engines includes:

- CPA,

- ozonation unit,

- pump

- strainer,

- heat exchanger

- gate.

The scheme works as follows. Part of the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine (pos. 2) enters through the control gate into the heat exchanger (pos. 4), where it is cooled and supplied to the CPA (pos. 5), and the selected heat is directed to the needs of heat supply. Water from the side is taken by the pump (pos. 7) through the strainer (pos. 6) and sent to the CPA. Ozone generated in the ozonation unit (pos. 8) is supplied to the lower part of the CPA water tank (pos. 5). In it, the exhaust gas, passing through a foam saturated with ozone, is cleaned of harmful impurities and, saturated with oxygen, is converted into an IHC, sent to the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine (item 2). Waste water from the CPA is discharged into the CB tank. The gate that selects the exhaust gas is controlled by an electromagnetic valve (pos. 3) controlled by a temperature sensor (pos. 1).

IMPLEMENTATION OF A USEFUL MODEL

The result is achieved by the fact that the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engines are cleaned in accordance with the schematic diagram of the installation of the integrated processing of exhaust gases of marine internal combustion engines, shown in figure 1, as follows.

When the internal combustion engine (pos. 2) reaches the operating temperature, the temperature sensor (pos. 1) is activated and sends a signal to the electromagnetic valve (pos. 3), which opens the gate. The gate takes the necessary amount of exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold of the internal combustion engine and feeds them to the heat exchanger (item 4), which utilizes part of the heat of the gases and diverts it for use in the heat supply of the vessel. Ozone generated in a high-performance ozonation unit (item 8) is fed to the lower part of the CPA water tank. In CPA (item 5), exhaust gases cooled to 80 ° С are purified from СО ₂ by 40%, S by 50%, СО by 45%, N by 35%, soot up to 100% and are saturated with oxygen due to decomposition of ozone O ₃ ⇒ O + O ₂ . Outboard water filtered in the strainer (pos. 6) by a pump (pos. 7) is supplied to the CPA recharge. Wastewater with high acidity (pH up to 12) enters the tank of the initial ST, and the cleaned exhaust gases are returned to the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine (item 2) in the form of an IHC. Residual ozone dissociates in the pipeline, thereby increasing the oxygen content in the IHC. Reducing harmful substances in the exhaust gas and partially recovering the amount of O ₂ allows increasing the percentage of recirculation (up to 30%). In addition, the IHC at the outlet of the CPA has a humidity (95-100%), which will help to significantly reduce the water content in the water-fuel emulsion, and it is possible to completely abandon its use.

Thus, the number, purpose and operation of the functional elements of the system provide a complete and comprehensive solution to the task.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LIST

1. Patent of the Russian Federation RU 2262615 C2 A way to comprehensively improve environmental safety and improve the economic performance of power plants.

2. Patent of the Russian Federation RU 2027870 C1 Method for reducing the toxicity of exhaust gases from a power plant and a device for its implementation.

Claims (1)

Installation for the integrated treatment of exhaust gases of marine internal combustion engines, characterized in that it comprises a gate, a cooling heat exchanger, an overboard water filter, an ozonizer unit that supplies ozone to a cyclone-foam apparatus, in which the exhaust gases come into contact with foamed ozonized water to form artificial gas mixture, purified and saturated with oxygen, intended for bypass into the intake manifold of the engine.