RU116005U1 - SEEDING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

A sowing device, including a replaceable opener, a housing in which a disc is installed, with through holes made in the disc, in addition, the disc is rigidly attached to the shaft with the ability to rotate the disc in the housing, and on the inner side of the disc there is a fixed limit plate with several or one ejector, limiting the outflow of seeds from the seed tube attached to the body, characterized in that between the body and the seed tube is installed with the ability to move in the vertical direction and fix the adjusting plate.

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for piece seeding.

A tool for introducing bulk materials into the soil is known, including a frame with running wheels on which a metering device in the form of a drum is freely mounted on an axis. Holes are made in the rim of the drum with pivotally mounted spring-loaded buckets-dumpers having stops. A disk with a bracket and a roller is mounted on the drum axis, which interacts with the stops of the dumping buckets [SU 1014496 A1, 5 A01C 7/14, A01C 15/16, 04/30/1983]. Tool for applying bulk materials to the soil]. The proposed device does not provide for regulation of the seeding rate of the introduced material, in addition, it is difficult to manufacture and the initial flight speed of the seeds is much lower than the speed of the implement.

A sowing unit is known for a sowing unit, comprising a hopper and a vertical sowing disk mounted beneath it with cells around the circumference, at the ends of which are installed an elastic shut-off device and a support plate made in the form of disks with holes, the support plate being fixed to the disk shaft rigidly from the side opposite to the hopper [SU 1183012 A1, 4 A01C 7/04, 10/07/1985].

However, this sowing apparatus has insufficient accuracy of sowing due to missed seeds in the corresponding cells as a result of caking and clogging of the space under the cells. In addition, due to the constant friction of the rotating disk with seeds, the latter are injured.

A sowing unit is known for a sowing unit, comprising a hopper and a vertical sowing disk mounted beneath it with cells around the circumference, at the ends of which are installed an elastic shut-off device and a support plate made in the form of disks with holes, the support plate being fixed to the disk shaft rigidly from the side opposite to the hopper , the sowing device is equipped with an air supply leading to the exhaust gases from the tractor connected to the cutter openings communicating through disc cells with openings on support plate, which are connected to the seed vault of the coulter, while the cells on the disk are made at an angle to its rim, the hopper is divided by a partition into two sections, which are equipped with tedders sitting on the same shaft driven by the seed disc shaft, but having a rotational speed greater than the shaft speed disk, and on the last additional cells for mineral fertilizers are made. In this case, the cells for seeds of the sowing disk are located under the section of the hopper with seeds, and the cells of the cutter are located under the section of the hopper with fertilizers, the cutter and the supporting plate are equipped with springs and clamps [RU 2081543 C1, 6 A01C 7/04, 06/20/1997]. However, this sowing apparatus does not allow to produce piece seeding of seeds with peripheral speeds equal to the speeds of the unit.

In case of piece planting, there is a significant difference in the speed of the unit and the initial flight speed of the seed. Since the initial speed of the sowing material is directed in the opposite direction of the movement of the aggregate and it is smaller in absolute value, rolling of the sown material in the wake of the aggregate is observed on the bed prepared by the coulter, which in turn leads to uneven sowing along the length of the row and, as a consequence, to reduce yield . In addition, the quality of the introduced seed material, including mechanical damage to the seeds resulting from sowing, affects the yield.

In order to increase the yield, the task is to increase the accuracy of sowing by aligning the initial peripheral speed of flight of seeds with the linear speed of the unit, while minimizing the trauma of seeds during their movement in the sowing device.

To accomplish this task, a sowing device consisting of a housing 1 (Fig. 1, 2) is developed, in which a disk 2 is installed. In the disk 2, through holes 3 and a guide or guide slots 4 are made in one or more rows in a circle (Fig. 1 , 2, 7, 8). The disk 2 is rigidly attached to the shaft 5 (figure 2), which is designed to rotate the disk 2 in the housing 1. On the inner side of the disk 2 is fixedly fixed plate 6 with one or more ejectors 7 (figure 1, 2, 9), which designed to limit the flow of seeds from the vas deferens 8, attached to the housing 1. On the bottom side to the housing 1 is attached a removable opener 9 (Fig.1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), and from the side between the housing 1 and the vas deferens 8 installed with the possibility of movement in the vertical direction and fixing the adjustment layer Ina 10.

The proposed sowing device operates as follows.

When moving in the soil, the interchangeable opener 9 in the soil forms a seed bed in one or more levels. In this case, the supporting-drive wheels are rotated (not shown in the diagram), which are connected through the shaft 5 to the disk 2. The seeds come through the seed tube 8 into the internal cavity of the disk 2 and are limited from spilling to the soil by the housing 1, the restrictive plate 6 and the seed tube 8, at the same time, the filling of the internal volume limited by the disk 2, the housing 1 and the vas deferens 8 is controlled by moving to the required height, followed by fixing of the adjustment plate 10.

When the disk 2 rotates, its guide slots 4 prepare the seed material for filling into the through holes 3, after which they are filled, and each cell contains one seed.

Seeds that do not fill the cells are discharged from disk 2 into the free space of the internal volume bounded by disk 2, housing 1, and vas deferens 8, while the damage to the seeds will be minimal.

With accidental jamming and further rotation of the seeds in the through holes 3, they run onto the ejector (ejectors) 7 of the restriction plate 6, after which they forcefully fall onto the seed bed.

Seeds from the cells arrive at the place of unloading - the lower part of the housing 1, where they fall on the prepared seed bed (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).

If necessary, a deep-seated nesting sowing of seeds using a removable opener 9, shown in Fig.1, 2, the disk 2 shown in Fig.7 and the restriction plate 6 with three or more ejectors 7 (Fig.1, 2).

If necessary, sowing the nesting method at the same depth using a removable opener 9, shown in Fig.3, 4, the disk 2 shown in Fig.7 and the restriction plate 6 with three or more ejectors 7 (Fig.1, 2).

If necessary, single-seeded sowing use a removable opener 9, shown in Fig.5, 6, the disk 2 shown in Fig.8 and the restriction plate 6 with one ejector 7 (Fig.9).

The proposed universal device for sowing will ensure uniform distribution of seeds along the row, which will increase the yield.

Information sources

1. SU 1014496 A1, 5 A01C 7/14, 3 A01C 15/16, 04/30/1983. A tool for applying bulk materials to the soil.

2. SU 1183012 A1, 4 A01C 7/04, 10/07/1985. Pneumatic metering unit.

3. RU 2081543 C1, 6 A01C 7/04, 06/20/1997. The sowing unit of the sowing unit.

Claims (1)

A sowing device, including a removable opener, a housing in which the disk is installed, through holes are made in the disk, in addition, the disk is rigidly attached to the shaft with the possibility of rotation of the disk in the housing, and a fixed stop plate with several or one ejector, restricting the flow of seeds from the vas deferens attached to the casing, characterized in that between the casing and the vas deferens is installed with the ability to move in the vertical direction and fix the regulation alignment plate.