RU115787U1 - DEVICE FOR DEMAGNIZATION OF JOINS OF THE RAIL - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for demagnetizing rail joints, including a demagnetizing transformer and a power supply, characterized in that the device additionally includes a sensor for measuring the parameters of the rail magnetic field, a logic unit, a linear acceleration sensor and a bipolar current pulse generator, and the demagnetizing transformer is located on a rolling stock, above the rail parallel to it with a minimum allowable air gap, excluding contact during movement, and oriented in such a way that the magnetic field lines formed by it coincide in direction with the magnetic field lines of the insulating joint.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of non-destructive testing of materials and products, specifically to methods and devices for the demagnetization of rail insulating joints.

A device for demagnetizing rails, consisting in passing along the rails of a moving object equipped with a device for demagnetization containing a magnetic circuit, consisting of plates with a winding placed on it, an AC voltage source, a capacitor block connected in parallel with the winding ("Device for demagnetizing rails". Automation, communication , informatics. No. 7, 2008, p. 27-28). When moving (pulling) this device above the surface of the rail insulating joint at low speed (up to 5 km / h), the magnetic field in the insulating joint decreases.

The disadvantages of the known device for demagnetization are the high energy intensity of the process, a current generator is used as a motor vehicle generator with a power of at least 10 kW and insufficient accuracy of the current pulse, which does not allow for high-quality demagnetization, low performance of the demagnetization process, it is necessary to pull the demagnetization device over the joint several times .

A device for protecting the insulating junction of rails from the accumulation of metal particles on electrified sections of the railway, including a set of permanent magnets, while a set of permanent magnets with magnetic induction of at least 0.07 T is installed along the train in front of the traffic light on the neck of the rail between the head and the bottom of the rail at a length equal to the circumference of the locomotive wheel, starting from an insulated cover plate connecting two rails (RU No. 2389843).

The disadvantage of this device is the limited use of the device along the train. The installed magnets on both sides of the insulating joint increase the magnetic field strength in the insulating joint, which increases the likelihood of it being shorted by metal particles. Permanent magnets mounted on the rail at the installation site create a powerful magnetic field, which increases over time, which adversely affects the operation of ALSM safety devices.

Known railway device for the demagnetization of the WTO-3000, which is a large permanent magnet that moves directly along the rail at a very low speed and completely magnetizes the entire track.

Known devices that include permanent magnets or electric magnets installed in an insulating joint so that as a result of the interaction of the magnetic fields of the installed magnets in the joint space there is no magnetic field. In this case, metal particles are not attracted to the joint zone (SE No. 530635, EP No. 1717125).

The devices are difficult to manufacture and bulky when installed in an insulating joint, in addition, magnetization reversal of the insulating joint field is possible, then the opposite result is possible. Permanent and variable magnets magnetize the rail in a certain place, that is, the devices have the same drawback as above.

A demagnetizing device (RU No. 95901) is known which comprises a dc source connected in series, a resistor, a charging key and a battery of charging capacitors forming a charging circuit, and discharge keys connected in series with a charging capacitor battery, a demagnetizing coil forming an oscillating circuit together with a charging capacitor battery , an energy storage device having a magnetic system is introduced into the circuit of the oscillating circuit, the energy storage device being connected in series with the demagnetizing cable ushkoy.

The disadvantage of this device is the impossibility of demagnetizing stationary long parts (railway rails) that are assembled.

Known demagnetizing device (RU No. 103112), containing a direct current source, a capacitor bank, a discharge and charging keys, a demagnetizing winding, forming an oscillating circuit, while the winding is mounted on a U-shaped core-inductor, and the poles of the core-inductor are located on different ends of the rails of the insulating joint, and the core-inductor is oriented in such a way that the magnetic field lines formed by the core-inductor coincide in direction with the magnetic field lines of the insulating st Single as well as the charge and discharge FETs keys is used. In addition, there is a gap between the poles of the core-inductor and the rails, and the core-inductor and the winding are in a separate housing and are installed under the sole of the rails. This solution is a prototype.

The disadvantage of this device is the high complexity of the demagnetization of stationary long parts (railway rails) that are assembled, as well as the impossibility of demagnetization during movement.

From the above data it follows that the demagnetization of rail joints should become a regular and planned technological operation in rail transport, and should not be carried out rarely and not regularly; to reduce costs during such an operation, it is advisable not to develop a special mobile device, but to use, for example, mounted devices on a rolling stock; the device for demagnetization should not demagnetize all the way, but the joint, be small-sized, generate a powerful magnetic field at the moment of passage above the junction, and the direction of the magnetic field should be opposite to the direction of the magnetic field at the rail junction (otherwise, such a device will simply additionally magnetize the insulating joint )

The measurement data indicate that the real magnetic field strength at the rail junction reaches 70 ... 80 Oe, therefore, to quickly demagnetize the junction, the device should create a magnetic field with a strength of about 3 ... 5 times greater.

The objective of the claimed device is to increase the safety of railway traffic.

The technical result achieved in the process of solving the problem is to provide demagnetization of the rail insulating joint and eliminating the possibility of shorting the rail circuit with metal particles, as well as to reduce the magnetic field in the insulating joint gap and increase the effect of shunting the magnetic field.

The specified technical result is achieved by the use of a device for demagnetizing rail joints, including a demagnetizing transformer and a power supply, characterized in that the device further includes a sensor for measuring rail magnetic field parameters, a logic unit, a linear acceleration sensor and a bipolar current pulse generator; moreover, the demagnetizing transformer is placed on the rolling stock, above the rail, parallel to it, with a minimum permissible air gap that excludes contact during movement and is oriented in such a way that the magnetic field lines formed by it coincide in direction with the magnetic field lines of the insulating junction.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a device for the demagnetization of the joints of rails, and shows a schematic design for the demagnetization of one rail joint; for the entire railway track, the structure is dual, separate for each rail;

where are connected in series and indicated by numbers:

1. a sensor for measuring the parameters of the magnetic field of the rail;

2. logic block;

3. linear acceleration sensor (threshold vibration sensor);

4. power supply;

5. bipolar current pulse generator;

6. transformer for demagnetization (core solenoid).

A device for demagnetizing rail joints works as follows: a pulse is applied to a demagnetizing transformer from a bipolar current pulse generator to create a magnetic field of the required strength, and a bipolar pulse generator generates a pulse (or a series of pulses of a given magnitude and duration) of positive or negative polarity at the time the device is located over the junction of the rail; the moment of being above the junction is determined by the signal from the linear acceleration sensor (threshold vibration sensor) at each moment the car wheel hits the rail joint, and the pulse sign (positive or negative) is determined by the sensor signal for measuring the parameters of the magnetic field of the rail and the logic unit, and in the moment of turning on the demagnetization transformer, the sensor for measuring the parameters of the magnetic field of the rail is turned off; structurally, the device is a powerful pulse transformer 6, which receives a pulse from a bipolar pulse generator 5 to create a magnetic field of the required strength. The bipolar pulse generator 5 generates a pulse (or a series of pulses of a given magnitude and duration) of positive or negative polarity at the time the device is located above the junction of the rail. The moment of being above the junction is determined by the signal from the linear acceleration sensor 3 (playing the role of a threshold vibration sensor) - that is, at each moment of impact of the car’s wheel against the rail joint.

The pulse sign (positive or negative) is selected by the sensor signal for measuring the magnetic field parameters of rail 1 and logic unit 2. The device is structurally mounted on a rolling stock, and the demagnetizing transformer is placed on the rolling stock, above the rail, parallel to it, with a minimum permissible air gap which excludes contact during movement and is oriented in such a way that the lines of the magnetic field formed by it coincide in direction with the lines of the magnetic field of the insulating junction.

When placing the device in the train during the passage of the train along the rail track, a pulse transformer for demagnetization will turn on above each rail joint, create a strong magnetic field of opposite direction to the magnetic field in the joint and demagnetize rail joints along the entire route. Moreover, at the moment of switching on the pulse transformer for demagnetization 6, the sensor for measuring the magnetic field parameters of the rail 1 is automatically turned off by the signal of the logic unit 2 (since otherwise it will simply fail).

The demagnetization process occurs continuously along the route during the movement of the train, if necessary, the demagnetization process is repeated.

Claims (1)

A device for demagnetizing rail joints, including a demagnetizing transformer and a power supply, characterized in that the device further includes a sensor for measuring rail magnetic field parameters, a logic unit, a linear acceleration sensor and a bipolar current pulse generator, the transformer for demagnetizing being placed on rolling stock, above the rail parallel to it with a minimum permissible air gap that excludes contact during movement, and is oriented in such a way that the lines are magnetically The fields formed by him coincide in direction with the magnetic field lines of the insulating junction.