RU2442854C1 - Method and device for demagnetizing insulated rail joint - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railroad transport.

SUBSTANCE: the invention relates to railroad transport and is aimed to create the means of demagnetizing insulated rail joints. According to the method, the object is exposed to alternating magnetic field with amplitude reducing from a certain maximum amount to zero, furthermore, the alternating magnetic field is excited in a magnetic circuit formed by rails in the insulating joint and the U-shaped inductor kernel where its coils form an oscillating circuit. The device comprises a direct current power source, a capacitor bank, charging and discharging plugs, demagnetizing coil which form the oscillation circuit. Furthermore, the coil is installed on the U-shaped inductor kernel , where the poles of the inductor kernel are positioned on different ends of the rails in insulated joint, and the inductor kernel is oriented in such a way so the magnetic field lines formed by inductor kernel coincide with the magnetic field lines of the insulated joint, and field-effect transistors are used as charging and discharging plugs.

EFFECT: reduced magnetic field in the rail joint, increased durability.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of non-destructive testing of materials and products, specifically to methods and devices for the demagnetization of rail insulating joints.

A known method of demagnetization of rails, which consists in passing along the rails of a movable object, equipped with a device for demagnetization, containing a magnetic circuit consisting of plates with a winding placed on it, an AC voltage source, a capacitor block connected in parallel with the winding (Device for demagnetizing rails. - Automation, communication, informatics. No. 7, 2008, pp. 27-28). When moving (pulling) this device above the surface of the rail insulating joint at low speed (up to 5 km / h), the magnetic field in the insulating joint decreases.

The disadvantages of the known demagnetization method include the high energy intensity of the process, a motor vehicle generator with a power of at least 10 kW and insufficient accuracy of the current pulse are used as a current source, which does not allow for high-quality demagnetization, low performance of the demagnetization process, it is necessary to pull the demagnetization device over the joint several times.

There is a method of demagnetization, less energy-intensive and more productive, which consists in the fact that the product is exposed to an alternating magnetic field with an amplitude decreasing from a certain maximum value to zero (Kiefer I.I. Tests of ferromagnetic materials. - M.: Energy, 1966, p. .173-184, 339).

The disadvantage of this known method is the inability to demagnetize stationary long parts (railway rails) that are assembled.

The objective of the proposed method is to increase the safety of railway traffic.

The technical result achieved in the process of solving the problem is to provide demagnetization of the rail insulating joint and eliminating the possibility of shorting the rail circuit with metal particles.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of demagnetization of a rail insulating joint, in which the object is exposed to an alternating magnetic field with an amplitude decreasing from a certain maximum value to zero, while the alternating magnetic field is excited in the magnetic circuit formed by the rails in the insulating joint and P- shaped core-inductor, the winding of which with a block of capacitors form an oscillatory circuit.

To implement the inventive method, a device is proposed for demagnetizing a rail insulating junction, the prior art of which is known from a device for protecting an insulating junction of rails from accumulation of metal particles on electrified sections of a railway, including a set of permanent magnets, and a set of permanent magnets with magnetic induction of at least 0, 07 T installed along the train in front of the traffic light on the neck of the rail between the head and the sole of the rail at a length equal to the circumference of the wheel lock motif, from isolated laths connecting the two rails (RU №2389843).

The disadvantage of this device is the limited use. Using the device along the train. The installed magnets on both sides of the insulating joint increase the magnetic field strength in the isostike, which increases the likelihood of it being shorted by metal particles. Permanent magnets mounted on the rail at the installation site create a powerful magnetic field, which increases with time, this can adversely affect the operation of the ALSM and Club safety devices. Such data on the negative effect of the magnetized sections of the rails on the transmission of ALSM signals are available on the signaling system forum (www.scbist.com).

Known devices that include permanent magnets or electric magnets installed in an insulating joint so that as a result of the interaction of the magnetic fields of the installed magnets in the joint space there is no magnetic field. Metal particles are not attracted to the interface (SE No. 530635, EP No. 1717125).

The devices are difficult to manufacture and bulky when installed in an isostock, in addition, magnetization reversal of the insulating junction field is possible, then the opposite result is possible. Permanent and variable magnets magnetize the rail in a specific place, i.e. the device has the same drawback as above.

A device is known for demagnetizing pipes and pipe joints, containing a current source, a demagnetizing circuit, a reversible current regulator, and a capacitor bank and a battery are used as a current source, while a control and diagnostics unit is connected to a current source, demagnetizing circuit and a reversing current regulator ( RU No. 75782).

The disadvantage of this device is that the device creates a compensating magnetic field, does not produce a demagnetization process. In addition, it is bulky and energy intensive.

A device is known for local demagnetization of pipes containing a voltage source connected to a polarity switch of the pulses of the output current and the solenoid, the control input of which is connected via a pulse-width regulation circuit to a control unit circuit, while the control unit circuit is made in the form of a microcontroller, which, through optical an electrical “insulator” is isolated from the power unit and to the inputs of which a Hall sensor is connected, the “Start-Reset current” button, and the output is connected to an LED indicator, chrome Moreover, at the input of the power supply, a protection circuit against reverse voltage polarity and a malfunction in the device is assembled, and the pulse polarity switch is made in the form of an H-bridge (RU No. 87041).

The disadvantage of this device is that it creates a compensating magnetic field, does not produce a demagnetization process.

A device for demagnetizing rails containing a magnetic circuit, consisting of plates with two windings placed on it, an AC voltage source, a capacitor block connected in parallel with the windings (Device for demagnetizing rails. - Automation, communication, computer science. No. 7, 2008, p. 27- 28).

The disadvantages of the known device for demagnetization are the large weight and dimensions, a motor vehicle generator, a high level of consumed electric power (at least 10 kW) and insufficient accuracy of the current pulse are used as a current source, which does not allow for high-quality demagnetization.

A demagnetizing device (RU No. 905901) is known, which comprises a dc source connected in series, a resistor, a charging key and a battery of charging capacitors forming a charging circuit, and a discharge key and a demagnetizing coil connected in series with a charging capacitor battery forming an oscillating circuit together with a charging capacitor battery , an energy storage device having a magnetic system is introduced into the circuit of the oscillating circuit, the energy storage device being connected in series with the demagnetizing cable carcass. This solution is a prototype.

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to demagnetize stationary long parts (railway rails) that are assembled.

The objective of the proposed method is to increase the safety of railway traffic.

The technical result achieved in the process of solving the problem is to provide demagnetization of the rail insulating joint and eliminating the possibility of shorting the rail circuit with metal particles.

The technical result achieved in the process of solving the problem is to reduce the magnetic field in the insulating butt gap, eliminating the possibility of shorting the rail circuit with metal particles and increasing the effect of shunting the magnetic field

The specified technical result is achieved by a device for demagnetizing a rail insulating junction containing a direct current source, a capacitor bank, a discharge and charging keys, a demagnetizing winding, forming an oscillating circuit, while the winding is mounted on a U-shaped core-inductor, with the poles of the core-inductor different ends of the rails of the insulating junction, and the core-inductor is oriented so that the lines of the magnetic field formed by the core-inductor coincide ayut in direction with the magnetic field lines of insulating the joint, and as the charge and discharge FETs keys are used. In addition, there is a gap between the poles of the core-inductor and the rails, the core-inductor and the winding are in a separate case and installed under the sole of the rails, the core-inductor and the winding are in a separate case and mounted on the head.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a device.

The device consists of a series-connected DC source 1, a resistor 2, a charging key 3 made on a field effect transistor, a block of capacitors 4. The oscillating circuit is formed by a block of capacitors 4, an inductor 5, consisting of a winding with a U-shaped core made of laden iron. Self-oscillating damped oscillations are provided by a bit key 6, made on the field-effect transistor, and a diode 7, turned on in the opposite direction.

The method is implemented using this device as follows. When you turn on the device, the DC source, the capacitor block is charged, while the charging key 3 is open, and the discharge key 6 is closed. When the capacitor block is fully charged, the charging key closes, and the discharge key 6 opens. A self-oscillating damping process occurs in the windings and the capacitor block, leading to demagnetization of the insulating junction, if necessary, the demagnetization process is repeated. A prototype is made, it is tested in the field.

Claims (5)

1. The method of demagnetization of a rail insulating joint, in which the object is exposed to an alternating magnetic field with an amplitude decreasing from a certain maximum value to zero, characterized in that the alternating magnetic field is excited in a magnetic circuit formed by rails in an insulating joint and a U-shaped core an inductor, the winding of which with a block of capacitors form an oscillatory circuit. 2. A device for demagnetizing a rail insulating junction, containing a direct current source, a capacitor bank, a discharge and charging keys, a demagnetizing winding, forming an oscillating circuit, characterized in that the winding is mounted on a U-shaped core-inductor, with the poles of the core-inductor different ends of the rails of the insulating junction, and the core-inductor is oriented in such a way that the lines of the magnetic field formed by the core-inductor coincide in direction with the lines of ma netic field insulating joint, wherein as the charge and discharge FETs keys is used. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that there is a gap between the poles of the core-inductor and the rails. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the core-inductor and the winding are in a separate housing and are installed under the sole of the rails. 5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the core-inductor and the winding are in a separate housing and are mounted on the rail head.

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