RU114930U1 - MULTI-AXLE WHEEL VEHICLE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Multi-axle wheeled vehicle containing a frame with an engine, gearbox, transfer case, cab and body mounted on it, front, at least one middle and rear drive axles with suspensions, consisting of beams and main gears transmitting torque wheels, characterized in that inter-axle single-stage gearboxes are installed, each having three gears: leading, intermediate and driven, which are in constant engagement, and the driving gear is made as a pinion shaft, the intermediate gear is installed in bearings on a fixed axle, and the driven gear is fixed on the driving shaft of the main gear of the corresponding middle axle, inter-axle single-stage gearboxes are fixed on the flange of the main gear of the corresponding middle axle, the housing of each gearbox is rigidly connected to the bracket located on the casing of the half-axle of the corresponding middle axle, and the middle axles are deployed in the horizontal plane by the shank of the main drive gear in front of Go back along the vehicle, while the internal cavities of the crankcases of the inter-axle single-stage gearboxes are communicated with the atmosphere through the breathers brought out by hoses to a height that excludes the possibility of water ingress when overcoming water obstacles. ! 2. Multi-axle wheeled vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the housings of the inter-axle single-stage gearboxes are inclined in the vertical transverse plane of the vehicle to one side at an angle of 30-60 ° from the vertical, and the middle axles assembled with the inter-axle single-stage gearboxes are inclined in vertical longitudinal plane back x

Description

The solution relates to transport engineering.

Known multi-axle off-road vehicle KAMAZ 43114 with a 6x6 wheel arrangement, the transmission of which provides a through gear of the middle axle for transmitting torque to the main gear of the rear axle. The disadvantage of this design is the lack of interchangeability of the drive axles.

Electronic resource http://www.autoopt.ru/auto/encyclopedia/truck/kamaz/mark/kamaz-43114/

Request Date 10/19/2011

(Brief automobile reference book. Volume 2. Trucks / Kisulenko B.V. et al. M.: IPC Finpol, 2004, pp. 292-294).

As a prototype, a high-cross-country vehicle Kerzhak was adopted (US Pat. RF No. 100998, V62D 55/26, publ. 10.01.2011).

A cross-country vehicle is protected, containing a frame with a power unit mounted on it, a transfer case, a cab with a cargo platform, portal drive axles mounted on the frame and consisting of beams, final drives, differentials, wheel gears that transmit torque to the wheels on ultra-low tires pressure, in which self-locking differentials are used, drive axles are mounted on a dependent spring suspension on trailing arms, a centralized system is installed tire inflation with the ability to control from the cab, and in the bow and sides installed displacement body kits, front and rear drive axles are installed, allowing to implement the 4x4 wheel arrangement, a middle drive axle is installed, allowing to implement the 6x6 wheel arrangement.

However, this patent does not resolve the issue of transmitting torque to the middle and rear drive axles.

This disadvantage is eliminated by the proposed solution.

The goal is the interchangeability of the driving axles.

The technical result is the transmission of torque to the middle and rear drive axles from one transfer case.

This technical result is achieved in that in a multi-axle wheeled vehicle containing a frame with an engine, gearbox, transfer case, cab and body mounted on it, a front at least one middle and rear drive axles with suspensions, consisting of beams, main gears that transmit torque to the wheels, there are single-stage bridge gears with three gears: a drive gear, an intermediate gear and a driven gear, which are constantly engaged, and the drive gear is made as -the gear, the intermediate gear is mounted in bearings on a fixed axis, and the driven gear is fixed on the drive shaft of the main gear of the corresponding middle axle, single-stage gear axles are fixed to the main gear flange of the corresponding middle axle, the gear case of each gearbox is rigidly connected to the bracket located on the axle housing of the corresponding middle axle and the middle bridges are deployed in the horizontal plane by the shank of the main gear of the main gear back along the vehicle, while morning crankcase cavities of single-stage gearboxes mezhmostovyh communicated with the atmosphere through the air vents derived hoses on high, eliminating the possibility of water entering at overcoming water barrier; crankcases of single-axle bridge gears are tilted in the vertical transverse plane of the vehicle to one side at an angle of 30-60 degrees from the vertical, and the middle axles assembled with single-axle gear bridge spacers are tilted in the vertical longitudinal plane back along the vehicle at an angle of 3-10 degrees from vertical with a guaranteed clearance between the gear housing and the floor of the frame body. Single-axle bridge gearboxes transmit torque from one transfer case shaft directly to the middle and rear drive axles of a three-axle vehicle or to two adjacent middle drive axles for a multi-axle vehicle.

The proposed wheeled multi-axle vehicle is shown in the drawings: in Fig. 1 is a general view, in Fig. 2 is an interbridge single-stage gearbox, in Fig. 3 is a tilt of the crankcase of an interbridge single-stage gearbox, in Fig. 4 is a tilt of the middle drive axle.

The vehicle has a sealed frame body 1, mounted on the frame 2, supported through suspension 3, driving axles: front 4, middle 5 and rear 6 on wheels 7. To carry out the necessary air exchange in the roof of the sealed body 1, a sunroof 8 is attached to the embedded elements 9 in the roof frame 10. The design of the hatch provides for the possibility of emergency evacuation of passengers. To prevent water from entering the fording machine, the doorway 11 of the cab 12 has a threshold 13.

A motor 14 with a gearbox 15, a transfer case 16, a cab 12, a frame body 1, a front 4, an average 5 (of which there can be several) and a rear 6 drive axles are installed on the frame 2. The bridges consist of beams 17 (Fig. 3), main gears 18 transmitting torque to the wheels 7. Interbridge single-stage gearboxes 19 (Figs. 1, 2) are installed, which have three gears: a drive 20, an intermediate 21 and a driven 22, located in constant engagement. The pinion gear 20 is designed as a pinion shaft. The intermediate 21 is installed in the bearings 23 on the fixed axis 24. The driven gear 22 is fixed to the drive shaft 25 of the main gear of the corresponding middle bridge. Interbridge single-stage gearboxes 19 are mounted on the flange 26 of the main gear of the corresponding middle bridge. The case 27 of each gearbox is connected with an arm 28 (Figs. 3, 4) located on the casing 29 of the axle shaft of the corresponding middle bridge.

The middle bridges 5 are deployed in a horizontal plane by the shank 30 of the drive gear 31 of the main gear back along the vehicle. The internal cavities of the crankcases 27 of the interbridge single-stage gearboxes 19 are connected to the atmosphere through the breathers and fittings 32 brought by hoses (not shown in the drawing) to a height that excludes the possibility of water entering when overcoming water barriers. The crankcases 27 are inclined in the vertical transverse plane of the vehicle to one side at an angle of 30-60 ° from the vertical, and the middle bridges 5 assembled with gears 19 are inclined in the vertical longitudinal plane back along the vehicle at an angle of 3-10 ° vertically with guaranteed clearance between the crankcase 27 of the gearbox 19 and the floor of the frame body 1.

Wheel multi-axle vehicle operates as follows.

The torque of the engine 14 through the clutch and gearbox 15 is transmitted through the driveshaft to the transfer gearbox 16, from which it also goes to the main gear of the front axle 4 and the one-stage gearbox 19 with the help of the cardan shafts. The operation of the one-stage gearbox 19 is carried out as follows. The torque arriving at the driving gear 20 is partly transferred to the next drive axle directly, and the other part is transmitted through the intermediate gear 21, rotating on the axis 24, to the driven gear 22 of the middle axle of the final drive. To preserve the forward direction of rotation of the wheels of the middle bridge, its body is rotated by the main gear shank back along the vehicle. On the gearbox housing 19 there is a fitting on which a breather hose is attached, which communicates with the atmosphere the internal cavity of the gearbox when the air pressure rises in it.

Next, the torque is supplied to the drive wheels 7 (figure 1), which transform it into a pushing force acting on the body 1 through the suspension 3.

To ensure an acceptable range of angles of inclination of the propeller shafts, the middle axles assembled with gearboxes can be tilted back in the vertical longitudinal plane by an angle of 3 to 10 degrees from the vertical, as shown in Fig. 4. To transfer reactive torque from the gearbox 19 to the casing 29 of the bridge, a bracket 28 is provided (Fig. 3), rigidly connected to the casing 29 of the bridge 4 and the gearbox 19. To ensure optimal conditions for supplying torque to the crankcase 27 of the bridge gears 19 are inclined in the vertical transverse plane of the vehicle in one of the sides at an angle of 30 to 60 degrees from the vertical (see figure 4).

A prototype of the machine is manufactured and successfully tested.

Claims (2)

1. A multi-axle wheeled vehicle comprising a frame with an engine, gearbox, transfer case, cab and body mounted on it, a front, at least one middle and rear drive axles with suspensions, consisting of beams and final drives transmitting torque wheels, characterized in that the mounted bridge gears are single-stage, having three gears: drive, intermediate and driven, which are constantly engaged, and the drive gear is made as a gear shaft, intermediate it is mounted in bearings on a fixed axis, and the driven one is fixed on the drive shaft of the main gear of the corresponding middle bridge, single-stage gear axles are fixed on the flange of the main gear of the corresponding middle bridge, the crankcase of each gear is rigidly connected to the bracket located on the axle cover of the corresponding middle bridge, and the middle bridges deployed in the horizontal plane by the shank of the main gear of the main gear back along the vehicle, while the internal cavities of the crankcases single-axle bridge gears are connected to the atmosphere through air vents brought up by hoses to a height, which excludes the possibility of water entering when overcoming water barriers. 2. The multi-axle wheeled vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the crankcases of the single-axle gear axle gearboxes are inclined in the vertical transverse plane of the vehicle to one side at an angle of 30-60 ° from the vertical, and the middle axles assembled with the single-axle gearmotors are inclined in vertical longitudinal plane back along the vehicle at an angle of 3-10 ° from the vertical, with a guaranteed clearance between the gear housing and the body floor.