RU113281U1 - DRAINAGE DRAINAGE OF URBAN TERRITORIES AND PROTECTION OF UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Drainage for draining urban areas and protecting underground structures, characterized by the fact that it is made of plastic or asbestos-cement or polyethylene smooth or polypropylene corrugated pipes D = 100-300 mm with perforation and filtering packing, and the filtering packing is made of gravel or granite crushed stone and fractionated sand, while the dimensions of the pipe perforation holes are taken equal to 3-5 mm, and the average size of the granules of the filter bed is larger than the dimensions of the pipe perforation holes. ! 2. Drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that preferably the average granule size of the filter bed is more than 6 mm. ! 3. Drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe is perforated along the lateral surfaces.

Description

The utility model relates to drains for draining urban areas and protecting underground structures from flooding with groundwater.

Currently, the development of engineering-difficult areas is underway with the simultaneous intensive development of urban underground space.

Such territories include floodplains of rivers and streams, ravines, wetlands, etc., where the underground level often reaches the surface of the earth.

In this case, there is a need to protect underground structures and buried parts of buildings from flooding by groundwater, as well as a general decrease or regulation of the groundwater level, in order to ensure the required drainage rate.

Under these conditions, along with the waterproofing of structures, the construction of drainages is of particular importance.

The main factor influencing the choice of design solutions for the drainage device is the hydrogeological conditions of the developed territory. Designed drainage systems, taking into account these conditions, should ensure lowering of the groundwater level to drainage standards, be durable and convenient in operation.

The prior art known wall drainage (SU 1569391 A1), which is made of porous concrete and contains a longitudinal protective protrusion, the horizontal surface together with the vertical support base of the housing in cross section has a L-shaped shape. Through the pins in the longitudinal protective ledge, the drainage device is attached to the longitudinal ledge on the foundation of the structure. Under the longitudinal protective protrusion, by means of supporting ribs located on the vertical supporting base of the housing, a drainage cavity is formed between the latter and the foundation of the structure, paired with water inlets in the vertical supporting base of the housing.

The disadvantages of this solution are the complexity of the design, which complicates the waterproofing of the foundation itself, the insecurity of part of the foundation located below the drainage from groundwater, and the possibility of siltation of the water inlet openings, which leads to the termination of the drainage.

The prior art (RU 84403 U1) is also known drainage, which includes a drainage pipe with filter material placed in a horizontally drilled well. The drainage pipe is made of perforated metal or plastic, the filter material is placed on the frame inside the perforated pipe, and the well is made by the method of horizontal directional drilling, and the perforated pipe is installed in the well by pulling it back together with the expander.

The disadvantages of this solution is the fragility of the design of the return filter due to the possible siltation adjacent to it directly to the pipe and the filter of local soil.

The closest technical solution is the patent RU 2424401 C1, which discloses a closed drainage containing a deep trench with a slope towards the discharge of drainage water, in which perforated pipes, wells for inspection of the drainage system are laid in a layer of filter material. Pipes are made with perforation in the chute part and laid in a homogeneous filter material, and the bottom of the trench is made with a slope of 0.003-0.004% and insulated with a waterproof film along with the wall of the trench on the side of the pit or on the outer surface of the underground part of the structure, as well as with covering the roof of the filter bed drainage trench or under the sole of the blind area of the structure under construction.

The disadvantages of this solution are the limited inflow of groundwater to drainage, the vulnerability and high cost of the structure as a whole.

The technical solutions cited do not provide sufficient drainage of urban areas and the protection of underground structures from flooding by groundwater.

The technical result, the achievement of which the claimed utility model is directed, is to ensure sufficient drainage of the territories while ensuring the durability of the structure as a whole.

Drainage for the drainage of urban areas and the protection of underground structures is made of plastic or asbestos-cement, or polyethylene smooth or polypropylene corrugated pipes D = 100-300 mm with perforation and filter dusting (drainage filter). The sprinkling is made of gravel or granite crushed stone and fractionated sand.

The perforation of the pipe is made on the side surfaces. The dimensions of the holes and cuts are taken to be 3-5 mm, and the average size of the granules of the filtering dust is larger than the size of the holes of the perforation of the pipes.

Laying drainage in one trench with rainwater drainage is used to reduce excavation and excavation.

When placing drainage over a pipeline with a diameter of more than 1000 mm, a concrete “chair” (support) is made for laying drainage, the overall dimensions of which are taken depending on the geometric dimensions of the drainage prism and the diameter of the rainwater drainage pipe, and the water outlet from the drainage is usually arranged in viewing wells and rainwater drainage cameras.

With a drainage depth greater than the laying of the top of the pipeline, the drainage is located in a trench to the side of it.

To protect heat supply channels and utilities collectors, combined drainages are arranged providing for the installation of a tubular drainage located on one or both sides of the structure in combination with reservoir drainage under the structure, for the construction of which, along with traditional materials, the use of geosynthetic materials is provided.

The claimed drainage consists of plastic or asbestos-cement pipes (it is possible to use smooth polyethylene or polypropylene corrugated pipes) D = 100-300 mm with perforation and filtering to prevent soil from entering the drainage pipe and silting the drainage filter.

As practice has shown, the design of pipes exactly D = 100-300 mm provides sufficient protection for underground structures and sufficient drainage of urban areas.

To prevent clogging of the pipes, both by sprinkling and adjacent soil, the diameter of the holes = 3-5 mm, and the sprinkling granules have an average particle diameter of more than 6 mm.

Butt joints of smooth polyethylene pipes are carried out, as a rule, in welding, and asbestos-cement ones - on couplings with sealing with rubber rings.

Butt joints of polyethylene and polypropylene corrugated pipes are carried out using couplings or sockets with o-rings.

Prefabricated reinforced concrete elements used in construction in Moscow are used to the maximum extent possible in the designs of viewing drainage wells. Depending on the purpose of the wells (main, rotary, shallow, overflow, drainage, etc.) different brands of precast concrete elements are used in combination with monolithic reinforced concrete and monolithic reinforced concrete wells. All wells are equipped with inspection necks.

For filtering dusting, gravel, granite crushed stone, sand with specially selected particle size distribution, as well as geosynthetic materials are used.

Ground water seeping through the filtering dust, fall into the pipe through the perforation. Further, groundwater moves along pipes with a slope to the outlet in volumes increasing along the way, with the device through 50 m and at bends of wells.

In urban conditions, drainage water is discharged into rainwater pipelines with the installation of waste wells. A variant is possible when the drainage water is discharged with a drainage pumping station (if the rainwater drainage pipe is located above the drainage pipe).

Claims (3)

1. Drainage for the drainage of urban areas and the protection of underground structures, characterized in that it is made of plastic or asbestos-cement or polyethylene smooth or polypropylene corrugated pipes D = 100-300 mm with perforation and filtering dust, and the filtering dusting is made of gravel or granite rubble and fractionated sand, while the size of the holes of the perforation of the pipes is taken equal to 3-5 mm, and the average size of the granules of the filtering dusting is larger than the size of the holes of the perforation of the pipes. 2. The drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that preferably the average grain size of the filter dust is more than 6 mm 3. The drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforation of the pipe is made on the side surfaces.