RU112393U1 - DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE CONSISTENCY OF JOINED PIPELINES - Google Patents

Abstract

The device for determining the coaxiality of abutting pipelines includes masts installed on controlled pipes, characterized in that two of them are the main ones and an elastic cord is stretched between them, the other two are beacon masts, while the bases of the masts are equipped with magnets, and on the masts-beacons divisions in millimeters or in degrees can be applied.

Description

The utility model relates to a tool for centering pipes when joining for welding.

From A.S. No. 1237752, a device for mounting bell-shaped pipes is known, including racks mounted on a frame radially arranged at the pipe end with conical guides.

From A.S. No. 1199544, there is a known method of automatically centering pipes, including generating a control signal and moving one of the pipes in two mutually perpendicular directions until the axes are aligned, characterized in that, in order to improve the centering accuracy and to ensure pipe misalignment, each pipe is run-in simultaneously with linear sensors installed on a common base on opposite sides of the junction of the centered pipes, with half the difference in the values of the sensor signals recorded in two diametrically opposite points separately for two mutually perpendicular directions, used to compensate for misalignment in each direction independently.

From the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2254970, a method is known for assembling a butt joint of pipes for welding, in accordance with which, before assembly, the geometric parameters of the end face of each joint pipe are measured. Then, in two stages, their combination in the supposed joint of the pipes is analyzed. At the first stage, for a variety of mutual positions of the ends along the entire perimeter of the joint, the values of the assembly parameters are determined. At the second stage, from all possible positions of the ends during subsequent assembly, one is selected for which the value of the objective function, including the values of the assembly parameters determined at the first stage of the analysis, would take an extreme value.

From the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2295432, a device for centering pipes when joining for welding contains a guide made with a slot along the longitudinal axis, clamps with clamping elements mounted to move along the guide, stops to limit the movement of clamps, supports, clamping heels, clamps and springs return clamps with clamping elements to their original position. The guide is made in the form of a pipe, in the wall of which there are longitudinal slit-like grooves located around a circle through 120 °. The stops are mounted for movement along the guide pipe and are made in the form of two extreme and two middle removable rings made of plates with curved edges. The clamps with clamping elements are made in the form of L-shaped flat clamping levers installed in the longitudinal slit-like grooves and located along the guide pipe. The supports are welded from the inside to the wall of the guide pipe. Springs for returning clamps with clamping elements to their original position are installed in the grooves. The latches are placed on each of the removable rings, and the pressure heels are made in the form of gutters. Some ends of the L-shaped flat pressing levers are fixed in the supports, while others protruding above the grooves are fixed with the ability to move to the pressure heels.

A centralizer is known from RF patent No. 66257, which contains two cylindrical half rings 1, 2 connected by a hinge. Half rings 1, 2 are made from a pipe segment of the same diameter as the joined element. The material of the half rings 1, 2 is steel, for example, steel 09G2S. The hinge is made in the form of a bolt 3, for example, M18 with a length L = 80-100 mm, and nuts 4, 5, fixed (welded) to the half rings 1, 2. The head of the bolt 3 and the restricting nut 4 are welded to one half ring 1, and paired a nut 5, pre-located in the middle of the threaded part of the bolt 3, to another half ring 2. Each of the half rings 1, 2 from the side diametrically opposite the hinge is provided with a connecting element in the form of a rectangular lock loop 6. Loops 6 are connected by a bolt 7 to a nut (not indicated). The thickness of the loops 6 is 6-8 mm. Means for regulating the mutual axial position of the mating (centered) elements 10, 11, 12 are made in the form of permanently fixed by welding, evenly circumferentially to the outer surface of the half rings 1, 2 of at least two clamps 8 with located on one side of the end (base) cylinder half rings 1, 2 with radial bolts 9. The number of clamps of the centralizer depends on the diameter of the centered element.

From patent No. CN 201030478, a carriage for centering pipes is known, which includes rails, a mounting and supply mechanism for pipes, alignment mechanisms on an electric drive.

It is advisable to simplify the design of the device for monitoring the alignment of pipes so that, on the one hand, it is possible to carry out control in the field, and on the other hand, in order to expand the range of diameters of the mounted pipes. It is worth noting that the alignment can be done with the technical means of supplying pipes available in the arsenal of the mounting units.

From patent No. JP 2010120076, an apparatus for aligning pipes is known, including bandages worn on the ends of the pipes, plates that are held on the pipe with bandages, a threaded pipe clamping mechanism. The disadvantage of the invention is the inability to work with bulky pipes.

The closest analogue is the device known from the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2279631. The method of measuring shaft misalignment according to the aforementioned patent consists in installing on one of the shafts by means of a rod acting as a housing, a rack and clamps of one meter with a movable rod, on which the body of the second meter is fixed, the movable rod of which is also attached to the other shaft with a clamp and located at an angle of 90 ° to the movable rod of the first meter. In this case, the movable rod of the first meter, moving in the vertical plane, measures vertical misalignment, and the movable rod of the second meter, moving in the horizontal plane, measures horizontal misalignment. The disadvantage of the invention is that the rods are fixed to each other, and a large number of elbows of the system determines a large measurement error.

The purpose of the utility model is to simplify the design of the device for centering pipelines with high measurement reliability.

The goal is achieved due to the fact that the device for determining the alignment of the joined pipelines consists of two main masts, an elastic cord stretched between them, as well as mast beacons. At the same time, the mast bases are equipped with magnets, due to which the operational installation and dismantling of the system and reliable fastening are achieved. According to one of the variants of the utility model, masts-beacons are marked with divisions in millimeters or degrees.

The technical result is the lack of dependence of the alignment control on the dimensions of the pipes, the efficiency and low cost of control.

Utility Model Implementation

A device for determining the alignment of joined pipelines includes masts mounted on controlled pipes, namely it consists of two main masts, an elastic cord stretched between them, and also mast beacons. At the same time, the mast bases are equipped with magnets, due to which the operational installation and dismantling of the system and reliable fastening are achieved. According to one of the variants of the utility model, masts and beacons mark divisions in millimeters or degrees

The stretched elastic cord is a straight line passing through the beacons, which are installed near the edges of the joined pipes. Deviation of beacons from the tensioned cord indicates misalignment of the centered pipes. To identify the alignment of pipes in two planes, it is necessary to use two sets of devices: one set is installed in the vertical plane, the other in the horizontal.

The two main masts are attached to the pipes using a magnet, one on each of the centered pipes. An elastic cord is stretched between them. Mast beacons are installed at the pipe edges.

For the correct installation of the kit, the following requirements must be met:

- the main mast is installed at an equal distance from the pipe edge, while the distance should be at least 1.5 pipe diameters.

- mast beacons are installed at a minimum distance from the pipe edge

- Before installing the mast, it is necessary to remove the insulating layer and strip the metal to a roughness of Rz40.

- if a longitudinal weld passes at the installation site, indent from the point of the proposed installation. The indentation should be sufficient so that the mast is mounted on a flat surface. Also, it should be equal when installing all the masts.

- all vertical masts are installed strictly vertically, horizontal - strictly horizontally. Using a bubble level.

- the cord tension level must not allow sagging or displacement of the mast bases.

To calculate the angle of the braid (the angle between the axes of the joined pipes), it is necessary to measure the distance from the marks on the mast beacons and the point of intersection with the elastic cord (C and D in Figure 2). Also, for calculations, it is necessary to know the distance from the mast-base to the mast-beacon (A and B in Figure 2). Knowing these values for each of the parties, we apply a number of trigonometric calculations:

Given: two right triangles. The vertices C and E are connected by a segment intersecting the legs of the triangles at points L and K. The lengths of the legs of both triangles, as well as the lengths of the segments BL and FK, are known.

Task: calculate the angle between the tangents drawn through the segments CB and FE.

Solution: We continue the lines CB and FE to the point of intersection. We denote it as a point G.

We got a new triangle. In the angle G of which is the desired value.

FEK Angle = arctg FK / EF

BCL Angle = arctg BL / BC

As a result, we have a formula for calculations

Angle EGC = 180 ° - angle FEK - angle BCL (values in degrees)

The tests were carried out during a planned stop to eliminate defect No. 306950 by installing the P3 coupling by the central control gear of the KRNU at 198 km of the Almetyevsk-Gorky-3 DN1000.

After cutting out the defective area and installing the “coil”, one set of the device was installed in the horizontal plane in compliance with the installation requirements. There was no possibility of installing the second set of devices (in a vertical plane) - the elastic cord would touch the “soft” towels.

Deviations of the tensioned cord from the lighthouses clearly showed the necessary direction for moving the pipes.

To combine the longitudinal axes of the joined pipelines, one end was 70 meters free from the ground. Pipelayers moved sections of the pipeline. After moving sections of the pipeline, the deviation of the stretched cord from the marks on the mast beacons significantly decreased and amounted to 10 mm on the first lighthouse and 20 mm on the second. Which corresponds to 1.3 degrees of the residual angle of the cosine. The obtained value made it possible to decide on the termination of the alignment process.

As a result of testing the device for measuring the alignment of the pipes being joined during a planned stop to eliminate defect No. 306950, by installing the P3 coupling by the central control gear of the KRNU for 198 km of the Almetyevsk-Gorky-3 DN1000, the declared characteristics were confirmed.

Confirmed the ability to use one set of fixtures. Installation only in the horizontal plane or in the vertical plane allows detecting the displacement in any plane.

The ability to control the process of moving the pipeline from the outside of the pit was confirmed.

Description of drawings

The figure 1 shows a schematic illustration of a device for determining the alignment of the joined pipelines installed on the object. 1 - joined pipes, 2 - main masts, 3 - elastic cord, 4 - beacon masts.

Figure 2 on a schematic illustration of a device for determining the alignment of the pipelines to be installed, installed on the object, shows the distances used to calculate the pipe braid. A, B is the distance from the main mast to the edge, C, D is the distance from the top of the lighthouse to the point of intersection with the cord, E is the offset value, F is the angle of the braid of the joined pipes.

Claims (1)

The device for determining the alignment of the pipelines being joined includes masts installed on controlled pipes, characterized in that two of them are the main ones and an elastic cord is pulled between them, the other two are mast beacons, while the mast bases are equipped with magnets, and on mast beacons divisions in millimeters or degrees can be plotted.