RU112254U1 - DOOR PROTECTIVE-SEAL - Google Patents

Abstract

The door is protective-hermetic, characterized in that it contains a door frame in which a door leaf is installed on the hinges, between which a seal is located and the frame, the door leaf contains guides in which the ends of the lower and upper lanyards are located, the latter are connected by rods to the locking drive mechanism wedges, each of which is hingedly connected to the other end of the lanyard corresponding to it, the wedges are located so that they can be moved in the guides of the door leaf and in the slots of the box, the door leaf contains a metal frame, fixed on it, a protective metal sheet convex to the outside of the door, fixed on the frame on its inner side is a central sheet located in the central part of the door, on the door frame on one side of it there are side stops, against which the lateral ends of the convex sheet abut, and on the other side of the box other side stops are attached to it, with which the wedges interact.

Description

This technical solution relates mainly to metal doors of increased strength and tightness, meeting safety requirements in explosive atmospheres with large pressure drops of the medium for which they are designed. At the same time, a sealed door can be used in other areas of its application.

Doors are known, each of which contains a door frame, in which a door leaf is fixed on hinges, guides fixed on the leaf, movably mounted in the wedge guides, wedge movement mechanism associated with the helms of the wedges manual drive, while the helms are located on opposite sides of the blade and are fixed on it by means of a shaft with which the element is rigidly connected, interacting with the wedges through other elements acting on the wedges [1-5].

In the source of information [1], a washer with perimeter grooves is fixed on the shaft, in which one ends of the wedges are located, in the source of information [2] the sliding bolts are pivotally connected to the shaft by means of a rectangular drive element with wedges at the ends, in the source of information [4] the mechanism the drive is gear and includes a gear fixed to the shaft, meshed with the gear, which is connected via levers to the crossbars. All doors [1-4] have means for fixing the crossbars in their working positions.

A known technical solution to the door presented in this description is a hermetic door, comprising a door frame, in which a door leaf is fixed on the hinges, guides fixed to the leaf with wedges movably mounted in them, a gear mechanism for moving the wedges, while the mechanism for moving the wedges is associated with handwheels located on opposite sides of the web, which are fixed to the drive shaft of the mechanism with which the gear is rigidly connected, engaged with gear elements Tammy drive wedges, jacks pivotally connected with the wedges and the toothed element, means for fixing wedges in the slots of the box [5]. In this technical solution, gear racks are used as gear elements, with which the drive gear is engaged. In this case, the gear racks are connected with overlapping pushers. One end of each gear rack is pivotally connected to a slider mounted in a vertically oriented guide, as well as to the ends of the pushers, each of which is pivotally connected to the wedge. All wedge drive elements are located in the cavity of the door leaf. Moreover, the relative position of the drive elements, the layout of the drive, as well as the use of gear rails in the drive, significantly complicates the door design, increases its overall thickness and, accordingly, expands the door leaf cavity in this direction, which negatively affects the compactness and strength of the door leaf.

In the known technical solution [5], the course of the wedges is not regulated and the wedges are pressed to the working surfaces of the frame nests due to the rotation of the helm, the forces of the tapered surfaces of the wedges to be pressed against the surfaces of the frame nests, and also due to the elasticity of the drive elements. This has a negative effect on the synchronization of the fit of all four working wedge surfaces to the working surfaces of the frame sockets, since when one of the wedges rests on the surface of the corresponding frame nests, other wedges may not reach the working surfaces of the frame sockets. As a result, the door is pressed against the frame by only one of the four wedges, while the fit of the door leaf to the frame does not exclude the appearance of gaps between them.

The common features of the known hermetic door [5] and the hermetic door presented in this description is that each of these doors individually contains a frame with a door leaf fixed in it, in the inner cavity of which there are horizontal guides with wedges movably installed in them, a mechanism for moving wedges with a manual drive in the form of steering wheels fixed to the drive shaft located on the outside of the door leaf, a gear fixed to the drive shaft, inserted into the hook lacing with a gear element of the specified mechanism, vertical guides mounted on the upper and lower parts of the canvas, sliders, each of which is located in the vertical guide, pushers, one end of each of which is pivotally connected to the slider, and the other end is pivotally connected to the wedge, means fixing wedges in the frame sockets and located between the frame and the web along the contour of the latter, an elastic sealing sealant.

Of the technical solutions known close to the technical solution presented in this description, there is also a hermetic door [6], which contains a frame, a door leaf pivotally mounted in it, in the inner cavity of which there are horizontal guides with wedges movably mounted in them, a mechanism for moving wedges with a manual drive in the form the steering wheels fixed on the drive shaft of the mechanism located on the outer sides of the door leaf, the gear mounted on the drive shaft, engaged with the gear element is indicated of the mechanism, vertical guides mounted on the upper and lower parts of the canvas, sliders, each of which is located in the vertical guide, pushers, one end of each of which is pivotally connected to the slide, and the other end is pivotally connected to the wedge, a means of fixing the wedges in the nests the frame and located between the frame and the web along the contour of the latter, an elastic sealing sealant, the adjacent ends of the pushers made in the form of forks, the drive element is made in the form of a gear sector, mounted on an axis the web with which the inner fork of one of the pushers is pivotally connected, located in the outer fork of the adjacent pusher, each slider is pivotally connected to one end of the rod located in the inner fork of the pusher, the other end of the rod is pivotally connected to the gear sector, the wedge fixing means includes a gear that interacts with the gear a spring-loaded drive locking element located with the possibility of its interaction with an electromagnetic or manual drive for moving the locking element from the working to the idle position , each pusher has a means for changing its length, the door leaf contains a frame and associated flat sheets forming a box-like profile of the door leaf in the cross section of the door, in the cavity of which there are rods, pushers, a toothed sector, gear and guides of the door leaf.

In the second embodiment, the hermetic door [6] contains a frame, a door leaf pivotally fixed in it, in the inner cavity of which horizontal guides are made with wedges movably mounted in them, a mechanism for moving wedges with a manual drive in the form of steering wheels fixed to the drive shaft located the outer sides of the door leaf, a gear fixed to the drive shaft, engaged with the gear element of the specified mechanism, vertical guides mounted on the upper and lower parts of the web, sliders, each of which is located in the vertical guide, pushers, one end of each of which is pivotally connected to the slider, and its other end is pivotally connected to the wedge, means of fixing the wedges in the frame sockets and located between the frame and the web along the contour the latter is an elastic sealing sealant, and the adjacent ends of the pushers are made in the form of forks, the drive element is made in the form of a gear sector, mounted on the axis of the blade, with which the inner fork of one of the thicknesses is pivotally connected Ateliers located in the outer fork of the adjacent pusher, each slider is pivotally connected to one end of the rod located in the inner fork of the pusher, the other end of the rod is pivotally connected to the gear sector, the wedge fixing means includes a drive spring-loaded locking element interacting with the gear, located with the possibility of its interaction with an electromagnetic or manual drive to move the locking element from the working to the inoperative position, each pusher has a means of changing its length, the canvas neighbors a frame to which on one side is attached a sheet that is convex inwardly in the cross section of the door, and on the other hand a flat sheet is attached to the frame, while these sheets form a closed spatial structure of the canvas with a cavity with the cross members inside, rigidly connected to the frame and the sheets, and the cross-pieces are located along the door height above each other, vertical guides are located between adjacent cross-pieces, which are located in the upper and lower parts of the canvas, It is rigidly connected with them, and the thrust jacks, a sector gear, the pinion and the guide webs are arranged in the cavity.

In the third embodiment, the known hermetic door [6] contains a frame, a door leaf pivotally mounted in it, in the inner contour of which horizontal guides are made with wedges movably installed in them, a wedge movement mechanism with a manual drive in the form of a steering wheel mounted on the drive shaft of the mechanism, this helm is located on the inner side of the door leaf, pushers associated with wedges and rods of the mechanism for their movement, located between the frame and the blade along the contour of the last elastic seal a sealing gasket, wherein the web comprises a frame to which a sheet in the transverse section of the door is fastened convex to the outside, forming a cavity open from the inside of the door with a frame that is thermally sound insulated, and an electromagnetic lock is mounted on the drive shaft of the wedge moving mechanism interacting with the door leaf, while traction, pushers, gear drive elements of the bevel gear and horizontal guides are located behind the door web and behind the thermosound-insulating filler on the inside of the door, the frame is made of longitudinal and transverse profiles fastened to each other with a recess in the cross section of each profile, and the ends of the sheet are located in the recesses of adjacent profiles.

Known hermetic door provides protection and tightness of the shelter in a certain range of impact on it of mechanical and air stresses. This range corresponds to the strength and reliability of the door, which, however, in other load ranges does not meet the increasing requirements of the reliability of the shelter, since increasing the strength of the door by increasing the cross sections of the structural elements of the door leads to a significant increase in the mass of the door, which negatively affects the reliability of the door and safety . This is due to the fact that the door, which has an excessively large mass, is jammed under the working conditions of uneven airwaves from the outside with a slight skew in the opening of the box, its tightness is broken, and reliability is reduced. Wedging inside a massive door without special mechanical means like inside a shelter, as well as wedging a door outside in extreme conditions is associated with great difficulties. Therefore, on the one hand, it is preferable that the door be massive, and on the other hand, the mass of the door should be limited by the technical capabilities of wedging the door from inside the shelter and outside. Also, the massiveness of the door must meet the requirements of its self-installation in the design position after air or mechanical shock due to the elasticity of the door leaf structure. However, in cases of increasing the mass of the door leaf, its elasticity and ability to occupy the design position after impact are reduced.

The technical result of the utility model presented in this description is to increase the reliability of the door.

The technical result is obtained by a protective and hermetic door, characterized in that it contains a door frame in which a door leaf is installed on the hinges, between which there is a seal and the box, the door leaf contains guides in which the ends of the lower and upper turnbuckles are located, the last rods are connected to the drive mechanism of the locking wedges, each of which is pivotally connected to the other end of the lanyard corresponding to it, the wedges are arranged to move them in the door leaf guides and in nests of the box, the door leaf contains a metal frame, a protective metal sheet, convex to the outer side of the door, fixed to it, a central sheet fixed to the frame from its inner side, located in the central part of the door, side stops are fixed to the door frame on one side which abut the lateral ends of the convex sheet, and on the other side of the box other lateral stops are attached to it, with which the wedges interact.

Figure 1 shows a rear view of the door;

figure 2 is a rear view of the door without a central sheet;

figure 3 is a front view of the door;

figure 4 is a side view of the door;

figure 5 is a section aa in figure 1;

figure 6 is a section bB in figure 2;

Fig.7 is a section bb in Fig.2;

in Fig.8 is a section GG in Fig.2;

figure 9 is a section DD in figure 3.

The door contains coaming (Fig. 1), with which the door box 1 is connected with the door leaf 2 installed in it, while the door leaf has a central sheet 3 with the steering wheel 4 installed in it. The door leaf is pivotally mounted on half loops 5 (Fig. 3) that are mounted on the door frame.

A gear sector 6 is pivotally mounted on the central sheet 3 (Fig. 2), pivotally connected to the rods 7, which are pivotally connected to the lanyards 8. The pinion shaft 9 (Fig. 6) is installed in the central sheet 3 and has a shaft at one end, and at the other end, a gear, the shaft being located outside the central sheet from its outer side and connected to the helm 4, and the gear is located inside the door meshed with the gear sector 6 and the electromagnetic lock 10 mounted on the central sheet 3.

The door has symmetrically located wedges 11 (Figs. 1, 5), opposite one of which there is a limit switch 12 (Fig. 2), mounted on the door frame, preferably in its lower part. A seal 13 (FIG. 5) is fixed to the door frame, interacting with the door leaf 2 along its perimeter. On the door frame there are also fixed side stops 14 located on one side of the door, as well as other side stops 15 located on the opposite side of the door, with each stop 15 being able to interact with the wedge 11, and each stop 14 is arranged to interact with side end of the convex leaf of the door.

With a finger 17 (FIG. 5), each lanyard 8 is connected to a rod 7 corresponding to it. With a finger 18, each lanyard 8 is connected to another adjacent turnbuckle and to a rod 7. The door has horizontal guides 19 fixed to it (FIG. 1), in which the locking the door of the wedges 11, as well as the vertical guides 20, in which the fingers are located 18. The box 1 (Fig. 2) is a rigid metal structure connected to the comics 21 (Fig. 5) and installed in the wall opening of the structure.

The shaft of the pinion shaft 9 (Fig.6) is installed in the sleeve 22, which is made so that the shank of the second steering wheel 4 located on the opposite side of the door leaf can be inserted into it.

In each half-loop 5 (Fig. 9), an axis 23 of the loop is inserted, installed in the bushing 24, which is fixed to the door leaf by an arm 25 (Fig. 3), rigidly connected to the bushing 24. Between the half-loop 5 (Fig. 9) and the axis 23 a ball 26 is located, resting on a support element, spring-loaded with a spring 27.

There is a variant of a door that can be locked from unauthorized access, for which such a door is equipped with a lock containing the axis 28 of the lock (Fig. 8), a sleeve 29 with a lock element for it under the key, and the lock element is arranged to engage with the axis 28, which connected to the electromagnetic lock 10. Also, the door has a pipe 30 (Fig.7), closed by a plug 31 and connected to the door leaf 2 of the door.

In front of one of the guides 19 (Fig. 5), the squeezing bracket 32, in which the squeezing bolt 33 is located, is rigidly fixed to the door box 1.

The door leaf is a metal structure formed by a frame having supporting transverse extreme beams 34 (Fig. 2), rigidly connected to them by at least one longitudinal strut 35, while between the beams 34 there is a frame 36 of the door leaf to which the central sheet 3 of the door leaf (figure 1). On the opposite side of the central sheet 3 is a door convex to the side of the central sheet 3 of the sheet 37 (FIG. 5), which has a shape convex to the side of the central sheet 3. Each lateral end face of the convex sheet 37 abuts against the lateral stop 14, for which the latter has a beveled surface 38 against which the end face of the sheet 37 abuts. The drive mechanism of the wedges — the gear sector 6 and the pinion shaft 9 — are fixed between the central sheet 3 and the sheet 39 fixed on frame 36 on the opposite side of the center sheet. The frame 36 is attached to the middle transverse beams 40 of the frame of the door leaf (figure 2).

Each wedge is pivotally connected to its corresponding lanyard. Each lanyard is a screw rod adjustable in length. The wedges are located with the possibility of their movement in the guides, each of which is a round sleeve in cross section, rigidly fixed to the transverse beam 34 of the door leaf. Wedges are made with the possibility of their going beyond the door leaf and entering into the box sockets.

Coaming is an external trim of the canvas, made in the form of a frame located around the perimeter of the door leaf. All of the said door leaf beams are interconnected by welding or other known joints and, in the beam joint, form a metal frame of the door leaf.

The box is fastened in the wall opening with anchors (not shown). Each wedge 11 (figure 5) is located with the possibility of its free passage through the corresponding hole 41, made in the rack 42. The box 1, in which the door leaf is installed, is massive, its side racks 42 are rigidly connected to the specified transverse beams 34, 40 and the longitudinal beam 35 (figures 1, 2).

The door works as follows. The door is installed in the building during the casting of its reinforced concrete walls, for which they set the box and the door leaf located in it in such a way that they do not have distortions relative to each other. The gap between the frame and the door leaf and the locks is adjusted around the door perimeter in a known manner, and the door leaf is fixed in the box in such a way that the gap is the same around the door leaf. After that, the assembled door is exposed in its design position relative to the walls of the building and cast or masonry the walls. Next, remove the latches, unlock the door leaf in the box. After that, the evenness of the gap between the frame and the door leaf is finally regulated with the door adjusting bolts 42 (Fig. 9) and the axles 23 are fixed in their design working position. After these operations, the seal 13 is fixed on the box (Fig. 5).

Lock the door from the outside or inside the structure by turning one of the steering wheels 4 (Fig.6). When this movement is transmitted from the pinion shaft 9 to the rod 7 (figure 2). One rod 7 moves down, and the second rod 7 moves up. The rods are moved to the indicated sides in the guides 20 of the fingers 18, spread apart from the door axis of the lanyards 8, which move in opposite directions, while the lanyards move the wedges 11 in the horizontal guides 19 (Fig. 5). The wedges enter the openings 41 of the box 21 and interact with the beveled surfaces of the stops 15, on which the vertical component of the force of pressing the door leaf 2 against the box 21 is formed. The seal 13 is compressed, sealing the gaps between the door leaf and the frame.

In the case of an air wave impact outside the building, the impact load is perceived by the convex sheet 37 of the door leaf (FIG. 5). In this case, the frontal force on the convex protective sheet will tend to bend the protective sheet in the direction of the force direction. In this case, the ends of the sheet 37 abutting against the chamfered surfaces 38 of the stop 14 will transmit bending force to the stops 14 of the door leaf, from which this force will be transmitted to the door frame 21, which significantly unloads the main load-bearing elements of the door leaf during impacts and reduces the possibility of them bends and distortions.

During the impact on the door of the door, the drive mechanism of the wedges is protected and significantly unloaded, as a result of which the door's resistance to destruction and the reliability of the drive mechanism of the wedges increases.

When a shock wave acts on the door leaf, its central part, which is the core of rigidity, takes on the main component of the impact and in this place the door leaf, due to the increased stiffness, retains the maximum possible resistance to deformation and its bending. At the same time, the peripheral parts of the door leaf, which have less rigidity and relatively greater elasticity, after each blow of the air wave due to the given elasticity, are able to restore their design position and be in a state pressed to the box. This provides a predetermined preload force to the door leaf box and a predetermined compression of the seal, which increases the reliability of the door with respect to its tightness. Thus, the more rigid central part of the door leaf in its design position stabilizes the position of the less rigid peripheral parts of the door leaf. Due to the above-described mutual arrangement of the components of the door leaf and a more durable connection of the box with the shelter wall, the possibility of a significant increase in the door's resistance to high shock loads is achieved.

Sources of information taken into account.

1. SU 579398, 11/05/1977; 2. SU 960410, 09/23/1982; 3. SU 1222807 A, 04/07/1986;

4. SU1481366 A1, 05.23.1989; 5. DE 2006012192 U1, 02/01/2007;

6. RU 2367760, 09/20/2009.

Claims (1)

The door is protective and hermetic, characterized in that it contains a door frame, in which a door leaf is installed on the hinges, between which there is a seal and a box, the door leaf contains guides in which the ends of the lower and upper turnbuckles are located, the latter are connected to the locking drive mechanism by rods wedges, each of which is pivotally connected to the other end of the lanyard corresponding to it, wedges are arranged to move them in the door leaf guides and in the box sockets, the door leaf contains a metal frame, a protective metal sheet fixed on it, convex to the side external from the door, a central sheet fixed on the frame on its inner side, located in the central part of the door, lateral stops are fixed to the door frame on one side of the door, against which the lateral ends of the convex abut sheet, and on the other side of the box other side stops are attached to it, with which the wedges interact.