RU108768U1 - BUILDING FROM WOODEN BAR - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. The structure of the wooden beam, including sequentially located one above the other bars connected by means of dowels and lock joints, and jumpers between the bars made of heat-insulating material, characterized in that the bars are equipped with chamfers, the outer and inner surfaces of the walls of the bars are sanded, and as a heat-insulating material, strips of foam material based on a polymer, for example, porolex, are used. ! 2. The structure of a wooden beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the strips of foamed insulation material is 5-15 mm ! 3. The structure of a wooden beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the strips corresponds to the width of the beam without chamfers. ! 4. The structure of a wooden beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the joints between the bars on the outside are closed with a sealant. ! 5. The structure of a wooden beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the joints between the bars inside are decorated with a jute bundle.

Description

The claimed technical solution relates to the construction and can be used in the construction of low-rise residential buildings and other wooden structures.

Known wooden houses based on log cabins. Natural wood is the most environmentally friendly material in order to organize a healthy living environment for humans. It “breathes”, maintains an excellent atmosphere inside. Thanks to the natural ventilation of the tree as a living material in the winter, the wooden house is comfortable and does not feel cold (the tree retains heat perfectly), and in the summer the beneficial coolness is preserved. But the problem since ancient times was that the logs of a natural, rounded shape did not ideally coincide with each other in the manufacture of the log house, and therefore there are cracks in it that need to be caulked with insulating material. To preserve heat in such a house, moss was used before, through which gaps were pierced between the logs. Moss retains moisture well, it is not hygroscopic and therefore does not transmit moisture to the logs. Houses with moss insulation are durable and retain heat quite well. In addition to moss, tarred tow, jute fiber () is used for insulation.

The disadvantages of such houses include the complexity of the assembly, which is associated with the need to select logs in thickness and the complexity of insulation. In addition, due to the presence of jumpers between the logs (zones with reduced wall thickness, cold bridges) during severe frosts, especially with a strong wind, the huts still stand. The appearance of the house depends on the quality of the selection of logs, but in any case, the lintels between the logs filled with insulation are not covered by anything and give the impression of sloppiness, sloppiness.

Known for the construction of wooden houses from bars. In fact, a beam is a processed and adopted rectangular section log. Due to the rectangular shape, the beam is evenly laid in the log house, and the number of slots in the log house is minimized. The walls are relatively smooth, and houses made of timber are much more convenient to finish - both inside and outside. Assembling them is easier because no special selection of logs is required. The lintels between the bars are quite small, the wall thickness is uniform.

However, jumpers still exist, and they require special insulation and alignment. Recently, warming of houses from logs and timber is usually done with tarry tow or jute. These materials are relatively cheap, eliminating the need for a significant amount of moss. But tow and jute are characterized by a significant drawback - they are hygroscopic. If moisture (rain, snow) gets in, they get wet, and the moisture absorbed in them is transmitted to wooden logs or bars. The tree begins to rot. In addition, tow (as well as another type of insulation) protrudes unevenly between the logs and gives the impression of sloppiness.

There are structures of glued beams. Glued beams - the most expensive material of all used in the construction of houses from beams. For its manufacture, whole logs are sawn into thin boards (lamellas), which are carefully dried in special ovens, and then firmly glued together with a special composition. The output is almost monolithic bars, which, due to their structure, are not subject to external deformations. Buildings from such a beam include sequentially arranged parallel bars having a complex shape and manufactured in the factory using high-precision equipment. The presence of a profile on the bars allows them to be assembled as a spike-groove constructor, and ensures a tight fit of the bars to each other. Such a house does not require additional insulation, but it is very expensive ().

Wooden houses from a bar of natural humidity are usually assembled on site, the bars are connected by means of dowels and castle joints. Gaps are pierced by heat-insulating material, such as jute tow. However, such a house requires constant and timely care, protection of the external walls from the harmful effects of sunlight and various rainfall. Such houses are usually exposed to the exterior: cladding with siding, which does not require constant care for many years, or bricking, or cladding with a finishing board. Such cladding (lining) provides the possibility of laying between the wall of the timber and the cladding of additional insulation, which provides good thermal insulation characteristics of the house (see, for example, _brus.htm).

However, the implementation of additional cladding (lining) of the house significantly increases the complexity of its manufacture and increases the cost of its construction.

The task posed by the authors of this technical solution is to improve the appearance of the house, increase the heat-insulating characteristics of the house and its durability while reducing its cost.

This problem is solved due to the fact that in the structure of a wooden beam, which includes sequentially arranged beams connected by means of dowels and lock joints, and jumpers between the beams made of heat-insulating material, the beams are equipped with chamfers, the outer and inner surfaces of the walls are made of beams polished, and as a heat-insulating material used strips of foam material based on a polymer, such as poroleks.

The thickness of the strips of foamed insulation material is 5-15 mm.

The width of the strips corresponds to the width of the beam without chamfers.

The joints between the bars on the outside are sealed.

The joints between the bars inside are decorated with a jute harness.

Thus, by using beams with preformed chamfers (radial or flat), providing a given degree of evenness (smoothness) of the internal and external walls, as well as by decorating the seams with a tourniquet, the appearance of the house is improved.

Through the use of durable, lightweight and easily deformable foamed polymeric material poroleks provides:

- ease of installation (pre-cut into the width of the beam strips of foam material are simply laid on each beam before installing the next beam; no special fastening of the strips to the beam is required);

- the durability of the structure of wooden beams (the foam is not hygroscopic, so it does not absorb moisture and, therefore, does not transfer it to the beams);

- a high level of heat conservation in the house, since the foam material has low thermal conductivity;

- elimination of gaps and gaps between the bars during installation and during operation of the house, since the easily deformable foam material easily fills all the irregularities in the bars and provides reliable thermal insulation.

Patent studies have shown that the claimed technical solution has novelty and industrial applicability.

The essence of the claimed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a diagram of the assembly of the wall of the house using dowels and lock joints in the form of semi-swallow tails.

In addition, the essence of the claimed technical solution is illustrated by photographs, where photo 1 shows the appearance of the inner part of the wall element after assembly with a jumper made of porolex, photo 2 shows the appearance of the outer part of the same wall element after assembly; On a photo 3 - a view of a wall after decoration by a jute plait.

The inventive structure of the building from the house of a wooden beam includes sequentially stacked beams 1 of 180 × 180 or 200 × 200 millimeters in size, connected by means of dowels 2 made of hardwood and castle joints 3 in the form of half-dovetails. The bars are preliminarily milled for chamfering 4. Between the bars there are jumpers 5 in the form of strips of foamed heat-insulating material based on polyethylene, for example porolex. The width of the strips of porolex corresponds to the width of the beam to the chamfers. The thickness is 5-15 mm. The inner and outer surfaces of the walls are smoothed out.

On the outside of the building, the joints are covered with sealant, which additionally protects against moisture. On the inside, the joints are closed with a tourniquet.

The assembly of the house is as follows. Bars of natural moisture or pre-dried are delivered to the construction site. Machined with a radial milling cutter by a manual milling cutter. The shape of the chamfers can be any from flat to radial. Prepared beams are joined using dowels made of hard wood, for which holes are drilled in the timbers (through in the upper beam, through in the lower beam at 2/3 of the height) and the dowel is driven into them, deepening it in the upper beam by 1.5-2 see. Bars in one link, including in corner joints, are connected by means of a lock made of a half-dovetail. Between the links are strips of foamed insulation material. The width of the strips corresponds to the width of the beam at the installation site (beam width minus bevels), the thickness is from 5 to 15 mm, the optimal thickness is 10 mm. It is preferable to use porolex material. This material is usually used as a substrate for laying laminate or linoleum in places requiring waterproofing. The use of this material as a wall insulation from beams is not known to the applicant. However, the list of foamed materials based on a polymer, in particular polyethylene, is not limited to porolex.

After assembly, the walls are processed by means of fire - and bioprotection, for example OBZ-1. Then the walls inside and outside are sanded to give a decorative evenness. After assembly, the walls can be painted (tinted).

Outside the joint premises are covered with sealant, and inside, if necessary, flashing with a decorative plait (see photo).

Claims (5)

1. The structure of the wooden beam, including sequentially located one above the other bars connected by means of dowels and lock joints, and jumpers between the bars made of heat-insulating material, characterized in that the bars are equipped with chamfers, the outer and inner surfaces of the walls of the bars are sanded, and as a heat-insulating material, strips of foam material based on a polymer, for example, porolex, are used. 2. The structure of a wooden beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the strips of foamed insulation material is 5-15 mm 3. The structure of a wooden beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the strips corresponds to the width of the beam without chamfers. 4. The structure of a wooden beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the joints between the bars on the outside are closed with a sealant. 5. The structure of a wooden beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the joints between the bars inside are decorated with a jute bundle.