RU106790U1 - SIMULATOR FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MANUAL SURGICAL SKILLS IN THE BRAIN HEAD DEPARTMENT IN A REAL TOPOGRAPHIC ANATOMICAL ENVIRONMENT WITH REPLACEABLE CARTRIDGES - Google Patents

Abstract

 A simulator for mastering manual surgical skills on the brain part of the head in a real topographic and anatomical environment, characterized in that it contains a dummy of the brain part of the head, layer-by-layer consisting of a skin helmet, cranial vault, dummy dura mater, these elements are interchangeable cartridges, basics, the supporting part, which includes a stainless steel rod and a stainless steel pad attached to it, on which there is a reservoir with a fluid simulating blood into which the mini-pump is immersed, working type of pump for pumping fluid, as well as consisting of a stainless steel fastener, including a bracket with a persistent nick and a tightening bolt with a cap.

Description

The utility model relates to practical medicine, namely to a simulator for the development of manual surgical skills on the brain of the head in a real topographic anatomical environment with replaceable cartridges.

A device is known as a dental phantom for modeling tooth lesions at a given point in the dentition and training in medical and corrective manipulations [Seidov Sahib Seydalievich: Dental phantom. Patent No. 1337910, application No. 3996285 publication date May 15, 1987. However, devices for the development of manual surgical skills on the brain part of the head in a real topographic anatomical environment with replaceable cartridges were not created.

A device is known. A kit for studying the structure of the skull “Skull Kit” (article A291) is a didactic version of the model of a human skull manufactured by 3B Scientific (Germany). However, when using this device, only a visual study of the structure of the human skull is possible, which does not allow an imitation of a surgical operation.

The goal achieved with the help of a utility model is the development of manual surgical skills on the brain part of the head in a real topographic and anatomical environment, the possibility of technically correct incision of the skin, dura mater. Performing trepanation of the skull, stopping bleeding from blood vessels of the skin, the ability to use surgical instruments, and finally the correctness of layer-by-layer suturing of tissues.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the simulator for the development of manual surgical skills on the brain part of the head in a real topographic anatomical environment contains a dummy of the brain part of the head, base, support part represented by a stainless steel rod and attached to it a stainless steel platform on which there is a tank with a blood simulating liquid in which a mini pump operating as a pump for pumping liquid is immersed. The stainless steel fastening part is represented by a bracket with a persistent nick and a tightening bolt,

Figure 1, figure 2 and figure 3 shows a simulator for the development of manual surgical skills on the brain of the head in a real topographic and anatomical environment.

A useful model for mastering manual surgical skills on the brain part of the head in a real topographic anatomical environment consists of a model of the brain part of the head consisting of layers: skin 1 which completely repeats the shape of the cranial vault and is located on it, eight wavy protrusions are located on the lower edge of the skin helmet 7 in the middle of which there is a hole 25 which is worn on the hook 18, this fixes the skin helmet with a simulated tension (the number of hooks corresponds to wave-shaped protrusions from the hole E and also arranged evenly by area).

The skin is made of latex rubber and is represented by two layers of the upper 1a proper skin and the lower tendon layer 1b resembling in structure and appearance this anatomical formation, between these two layers there are vessels 2 that form an imitation of the vasculature, the origin is taken from the lower right side edge of the incoming skin helmet the tube 11 which is worn on the fitting 26, and come out of the lower rear edge of the skin helmet with the take-out tube 12 which freely lowers into the reservoir 15.

The next layer is located under the skin helmet - the cranial vault 3 is made of hard plastic and resembles in structure and appearance this anatomical formation that covers the brain with the membrane, along the lower edge of the cranial vault there are metal plates 8 with a slot that are worn on the ear 9 along type of lock and locked with a pin 24. The number of ears 6 pcs, and the number of plates, respectively, are located respectively to each other with a uniform arrangement over the entire area.

On the inner surface of the cranial vault, there is a layer of the dura mater 4 made of a thin layer of latex rubber, reminiscent of this anatomical structure and appearance. Which in the form of a dome is worn on the dummy of the brain 6. Over the dome of the dura mater there is an epidural space 5 bounded above by the arch of the skull 3.

The brain model 6 made of dense latex rubber in shape and appearance resembles this anatomical formation.

The brain model is located on a supporting platform 22 made of stainless steel, around which there is a base 10 for the cranial vault made of hard plastic, oval in the form of a truncated cone which is attached to the site using self-tapping screws 23 in the amount of four pieces, on the base there are a number of hooks for fixing skin 18 located on the upper edge of the base, and for fixing the cranial vault on the lower edge of the base there are metal ears 9 with holes in the middle for holding the locking pin 24. The platform 22 itself is firmly secured captivity to the upper end of the support rod 13 made of stainless steel in the lower part of which is attached a platform 14 also made of stainless steel onto which the tank is installed in the form of a glass flask 15 filled with a fluid simulating blood 16, a mini-pump 17 working according to the type is placed on the bottom of the tank liquid transfer pumps with a supply fitting 26 to which a supply pipe 11 is connected.

The fastening device is firmly connected to the support rod and is presented in the form of a bracket 19 made of stainless steel on the upper part of which there is a persistent nick 20, and on the bottom a tightening bolt with a hat 21 for strong fixation.

Reusable use is achieved by the fact that after the manipulations, replacements require only a skin helmet or skin, a set of skulls and a dura mater.

The utility model works as follows: (see Figure 4 and Figure 5)

The bracket 2 is brought to the table 3, with the fixing bolt 4 we pull the simulator firmly. We turn on the mini-pump and start the circulation of fluid through the vessels of the skin. Having determined the surgical field on the cranial vault, we draw the incision line with green paint and make a skin incision with a scalpel 5, this causes damage to the vessels 11 and bleeding that is eliminated by hemostatic clamps 7. After the skin flap 6 is bent to the side. A hole 14 is drilled in bone 8 by trephine 13. And we get into the epidural space 10

Figure 5 shows access to the subdural space 10. The procedure is the same before the operation, however, after drilling the bone, it is necessary to cut the dura mater crosswise with a scalpel and remove its rags 9. After the stages of the surgical operation are completed, the surgical wound is sutured in layers.

Thus, the proposed simulator allows you to complete the stages of a surgical operation and will master the possibility of technically correct execution of a skin incision, dura mater. Performing trepanation of the skull, stopping bleeding from blood vessels of the skin, the ability to use surgical instruments, and finally the correctness of layer-by-layer suturing of tissues.

Figures 1, 2, 3.

1. Leather helmet

1a. The skin itself

1b. Tendon layer

2. Skin vessels

3. The cranial vault

4. Model of the dura mater

5. Epidural space

6. Brain model

7. The wave-shaped protrusion of the skin helmet

8. Plate with a slot for attaching the cranial vault

9. An ear for fixing the cranial vault

10. base

11. Fluid supply tube

12. The carrying tube for liquid

13. Support rod

14. The platform for the tank

15. The reservoir

16. A fluid simulating blood

17. Mini pump

18. Hooks for fixing a leather helmet

19. Bracket of the fastening part

20. Persistent nickel

21. The tightening bolt

22. Reference area

23. Self-tapping screws for fixing the base

24. Locking pin

25. A hole in the wave-like protrusion for fixing the skin helmet to the base

26. Fitting

Figures 4, 5.

1. Support rod

2. Bracket of the fastening part

3. Table fragment

4. The tightening bolt

5. Scalpel

6. Sideways skin flap

7. Hemostatic clamp

8. Fragment of the cranial vault

9. A fragment of the dura mater

10. Epidural space

10a. Sudural space

11. Skin vessels

12. Fragments of the convolutions of the dummy of the brain

13. Trepan

14. Hole

Claims (1)

A simulator for mastering manual surgical skills on the brain part of the head in a real topographic anatomical environment, characterized in that it contains a dummy of the brain part of the head, layer-by-layer consisting of a skin helmet, cranial vault, dummy dura mater, these elements are interchangeable cartridges, basics, the supporting part, which includes a stainless steel rod and a stainless steel pad attached to it, on which there is a reservoir with a fluid simulating blood into which the mini-pump is immersed, operating type of pump for pumping liquid, as well as consisting of a stainless steel fastener, including a bracket with a persistent nick and a tightening bolt with a cap.