RU102918U1 - THREE-AERATION DEVICE TO REDUCE THE TOXICITY OF EXHAUST GASES OF VEHICLES AND STATIONARY INSTALLATIONS OPERATING ON HYDROCARBON FUEL - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A three-mode aeration device for reducing the toxicity of exhaust gases of vehicles and stationary installations operating on hydrocarbon fuel, comprising a device for supplying an activator, a spray placed in a power plant, characterized in that the device for feeding an activator is made in the form of an aerosol generator, consisting from the container in which the cartridge with the liquid activator is placed, with the possibility of its flowing into the specified container, which is equipped with a lid and means power to the power plant or to the vehicle, while the cartridge is placed with the possibility of vertical movement in the tank together with a float tightly attached to it, freely placed in the tank at the surface level of the liquid activator, while the cartridge consists of a tubular body, hollow from both sides, hollow with pistons formed by two cups inserted one into the other, each of the outer cups has a flange for detachable connection with the cartridge case, the inner cup of the upper piston is inseparably connected to its outer cup, and the cups of the lower piston are made for mutual movement, while both inner cups are made with holes on their bottoms, and holes on the inner cup of the upper piston are made of a smaller diameter and larger than on the inner cup of the lower piston, on the side surface of each of the lower cups holes are made, coaxial to each other, into which a bubbler tube is passed with holes on the side surface and with a flap valve at the end, articulated at

Description

The utility model relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular, to means for increasing the efficiency of hydrocarbon combustion in stationary power plants and internal combustion engines (hereinafter ICE) of vehicles.

A device is known for supplying an activator to an internal combustion engine of an internal combustion engine and optimizing a hydrocarbon fuel combustion process, comprising a device for supplying an activator and a sprayer located in the inlet pipe of a diesel engine and controlled by an electromagnet, while there are an electronic control unit and sensors for cooling liquid temperature and permissible voltage reduction, as well as crankshaft speed sensors and the position sensor of the rail of the high-pressure fuel pump, informative signals from s come through the electronic control unit in the electromagnet sprayer (Russian patent RU 2273750, IPC F02D 19/12, 2004)

This technical solution is the closest to the utility model, therefore, taken as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low degree of purification of exhaust gases (hereinafter referred to as exhaust gas) from harmful substances due to the insufficient efficiency of the combustion process of hydrocarbon fuel due to the low dispersion of the activator. In addition, this device has a weak effect on increasing the power and efficiency of power plants.

The technical result from the use of a utility model is to increase the degree of purification of exhaust gas from harmful substances, increasing the power and efficiency of power plants.

The specified technical result is achieved by increasing the efficiency of the combustion process of hydrocarbon fuel by increasing the dispersion of the activator.

Below are the general and particular essential features characterizing the causal relationship of the utility model with the specified technical result.

A three-mode aeration device to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases from vehicles and stationary hydrocarbon-fueled plants, comprising a device for supplying an activator, a sprayer located in a power plant.

The specified device for supplying the activator is made in the form of an aerosol generator, consisting of a container in which a cartridge with a liquid activator is placed, with the possibility of flowing into the specified container, which is equipped with a cover and means of attachment to a power plant or to a vehicle. The cartridge is placed with the possibility of vertical movement in the container together with a float tightly attached to it, freely placed in the container at the surface level of the liquid activator.

The cartridge consists of a tubular body, sealed on both sides by hollow pistons formed by two cups inserted one into the other, each of the outer cups has a flange for detachable connection with the cartridge case, the inner cup of the upper piston is inseparably connected to its outer cup, and the cups of the lower piston are made with the possibility of mutual movement. Both inner cups are made with holes on their bottoms, and holes on the inner cup of the upper piston are made of a smaller diameter and larger than those on the inner cup of the lower piston, holes are aligned on each side of the lower cups, a bubbler tube is passed into the indicated holes with holes on the side surface and with a flap valve at the end pivotally attached to the tube, the other end of the bubbler tube is passed through the cartridge housing, in which it is hermetically closed flax, and is connected with the transparent dimensional pipe, the other end of which is connected with a tube serving for the vertical dimension of the cartridge and provided with an air filter with the air flow regulating means volume. Two holes are made along the vertical axis of the outer cup of the upper piston, a tubular shank is tightly fixed in the central hole, connected by means of an elastic coupling to the lower part of the three-way valve body, and in the peripheral hole the main tube is fixed for feeding the activator in the spray mode and combined operating mode of the installation, the lower the end of which is located at the “min” mark of the bubbler tube. The upper end of the main tube in the specified mode of operation of the device is connected to a spray tube fixed in a three-way valve fitting. When the device is in bubbling mode, plugs are installed on the primary, secondary and spray tubes. When operating in the spray mode, a plug is installed on the upper end of the main tube, and the spray tube is connected to an additional tube for supplying the activator, which is placed in the lid of the aerosol generator over its height, while a through hole passes through the side parts of the three-way valve, in one side part a tubular rod is movably placed, on the inner end of which a thrust washer is fixed, and a threaded plug with an axial bore of a diameter equal to or larger from versty in stock. The specified hole in the plug during operation of the device in the bubbling and combined modes is closed by a shut-off element of the electromagnetic valve equipped with a filter with means for regulating the volume of the air flow, said thrust washer is placed on the rod with the possibility of combining sections of the rod and the spray tube and simultaneously blocking the activator feed hole through the lower branch pipe of a three-way valve during operation of the device in spray mode. In the other side of the three-way valve, a flexible conduit is connected through a nozzle with a nozzle made of rigid tubes interconnected by elastic couplings, while a nozzle with a nozzle located in power plants is attached to the end of the last tube: in the form of a diesel engine and a combustion unit - air blower, in power plants in the form of a carburetor or injector engine - in the intake manifold; in ICE with exhaust gas recirculation - in the recirculator. In installations with an air blower, a guide casing is mounted inside the latter, attached to the inner surface of the air blower, a tube is fixed along the casing axis, a washer is installed at the end of which with a gap to the casing, and said sprayer is fixed at the beginning of the specified tube. Said nozzle is optionally attached to the atomizer or to the end of the tube. When using the cartridge in the autonomous mode of an aerosol generator, it is additionally equipped with a means of attachment to the power plant or to the vehicle body, and a plug is inserted into the hole communicating with the generator capacity, while the throughput of the electromagnetic valve is proportional to the working volume of the internal combustion engine or the volume of the combustion chamber furnace installation. The specified tip has a threaded part with a prechamber. The specified means of attaching the cartridge with the whole housing when the specified composite cartridge is offline is installed on the upper part of the housing. The specified cartridge housing is made integral of two pipe sections interconnected by a corrugated elastic sleeve, while the specified mounting means when the specified composite cartridge is installed offline is installed on its lower part. The specified bubbler tube is placed along the axis of the cartridge and fixed with its lower end on the upper cup of the lower piston, and the tubular shank is installed on the peripheral surface of the upper cup of the upper piston, while a transparent viewing window is made in the cartridge case. All parts of the aerosol generator, cartridge and three-way valve are made of plastic. The lower branch pipe of the three-way valve is made of two parts interconnected by a coupling having an inner surface in the form of a venturi. The specified coupling is made of plastic. Inside the lower branch pipe of the three-way valve, an insert is installed tightly having an inner surface in the form of a venturi

The specified insert is made of plastic. The nozzle of the bubbler tube is made of metal with a longitudinal measuring window of transparent material. These hard tubes are made of aluminum. These hard tubes are made of plastic. The said casing is made in the form of a conical confuser. The said casing is made in the form of a confuser with a curved side surface. Said casing is made in the form of a Laval nozzle. In power plants of incinerators and boiler houses, an additional duct connected to an autonomous source of compressed air is inserted into said guide casing.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where: in Fig.1 shows the placement of the device on a diesel car; figure 2 - figure 1 shows the placement of the device on a stationary object; figure 3 is a General view of the aerosol generator; figure 4 is a view of figure 3; figure 5 is a view of BB in figure 3; figure 6 is a block diagram of the installation of the device on a diesel engine; 7 is a block diagram of the installation of the device on a vehicle with exhaust gas recirculation; on Fig - installation of the device on a carburetor engine; Fig.9 is a view of DD in Fig.8; figure 10 is a view of GG in figure 4; figure 11 is a General view of the cartridge with the whole body; on Fig - General view of the cartridge with a composite housing; in Fig.13 is a view 3 in Fig.11; on Fig - view E in Fig.11; on Fig - view W in Fig; in Fig.16 is a view of GG in Fig.4 with a coupling on the nozzle; on Fig - view GG in figure 4 with an insert in the pipe; Fig. 18 is a view BB of Fig. 3, a conical casing; on Fig - type II in Fig; in Fig.20 is a view BB in Fig.3, a curved casing; in Fig.21 is a view of BB in Fig.3, the casing in the form of a Laval nozzle.

The three-mode aeration device contains an aerosol generator 1, which is installed, for example, in a car 2 in a body 3 or engine compartment at a distance of no more than 2 meters from the internal combustion engine 4. In the diesel truck 2 shown in Fig. 1, the aerosol generator is connected by a highway 5 to an air blower 6 , which is connected via the air duct 7 to the internal combustion engine 4. Hydrocarbon fuel is supplied from the fuel tank 8 via a pipe 9 to the internal combustion engine 4. The exhaust gases enter the muffler 10 and are released into the atmosphere. Part of the exhaust gas can be returned through the recirculation system to ICE 4 for neutralization.

In the stationary object 11 (figure 2), the aerosol generator 1 is installed in the premises of the object 11 at a distance not exceeding 2 meters from the furnace 12.

The aerator is supplied from the aerosol generator 1 to the furnace 13 of the fuel power plant 12, where hydrocarbon fuel and the fuel tank 8 are supplied via pipeline 9. The exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 14 into the atmosphere. As an aerator, any composition of known substances that promote better combustion and oxidation of harmful substances entering the exhaust gas can be used.

In this technical solution, a device for supplying an activator — an aerosol mixture that activates combustion, is made in the form of an aerosol generator 1, consisting of a container 15, in which a cartridge 16 with a liquid activator is placed, with the possibility of its flowing into the specified container 15, which is equipped with a cover 17 and means of attachment 18 to the power plant 12 or to the vehicle 2.

The cartridge 16 is placed with the possibility of vertical movement in the tank 15 together with the float 19 tightly attached to it, freely placed in the tank 15 at the surface level of the liquid activator. The use of the float 19 provides a constant level of the aerator in the cartridge 16, regardless of the decrease in its level in the capacity of the aerosol generator, which ensures the constancy of the quality and volume of the aerosol supply to the cartridge 16, i.e. stability of the power plant.

The cartridge 16 consists of a tubular body 20, sealed on both sides by hollow pistons formed by two cups inserted one into the other, each of the outer cups 21 (Fig. 11, Fig. 12) has a flange for detachable connection with the cartridge case 20. The inner cup 22 of the upper piston is inseparably connected to its outer cup 21, for example, by means of rivets 23, and the cups of the lower piston are mutually movable, while both inner cups 22 and 24 are made with holes on their bottoms, and on the inner cup 22 the upper piston has holes of a smaller diameter and larger than on the inner cup 24 of the lower piston. On the side surface of each of the lower cups 21 and 24, holes are made coaxial with each other, into which a tip 25 is passed with holes on the side surface and with a flap valve 26 (Fig. 13) at the end of the tip 25, pivotally attached to it via the axis 27. The tip 25 is connected to the corner adapter 28 of the bubbler tube 29, passed through the cartridge housing, in which it is hermetically fixed, and connected to a transparent measuring tube 30, the other end of which is connected to the upper part of the bubbler tube 29, which protrudes vertically the overall size of the cartridge and equipped with an air filter 31 with means for regulating the volume of air flow (not shown). Two holes are made along the vertical axis of the outer cup 21 of the upper piston, a tubular shank 32 is sealed in the central hole and connected via an elastic sleeve 33 (Fig. 3) to the lower part of the body of the three-way valve 34, and the main tube 35 for supplying the activator is fixed in the peripheral hole in the spray mode and combined operation mode of the installation, the lower end of which is located at the level of the “min” mark of the bubbler tube 29, and the upper end of the main tube in the specified operating mode of the device nen with a spray tube 36, mounted in a three-way valve 34 fitting 37, and when the device is in bubbling mode on the main 35, an additional 38 and spray 36 tubes are installed plugs 39.

When the device is operating in spraying mode, a plug 39 is installed on the upper end of the main tube 35, and the spray tube 36 in this case is connected to an additional activator supply tube 38, which is placed in the cover 17 of the aerosol generator over its height.

A through hole passes through the sides of the three-way valve 34, a tubular rod 40 is movably placed in one side of the valve, a thrust washer 41 is fixed at its inner end, and a threaded plug 42 is fixed at the other end with an axial hole with a diameter equal to or greater than the diameter of the hole in the rod and splined a slot for moving with the help of the thrust washer in position I, II, III (Fig.16 - Fig.17), corresponding to one of the three modes of operation of the device. At the same time, the specified hole in the plug 42 when the device is operating in bubbling and combined modes is closed by a locking element, for example, a needle (Fig. 16, Fig. 17) of an electromagnetic valve 43 equipped with an air filter 31 with means for regulating the volume of the air flow (not shown) .

The specified thrust washer 41 is placed on the stem 40 with the possibility of combining sections of the stem 40 and the spray tube 36 and overlapping the activator feed hole through the lower pipe of the three-way valve 34 when the device is in spraying mode, in the other side of the three-way valve through the nozzle with tip 44 and nozzle 45 a flexible conduit 46 is connected (Fig. 8), made of rigid tubes interconnected by elastic couplings 49, while a nozzle 51 with a nozzle 52 is attached to the end of the last tube, for example, with nuts 50, size sealed in power plants in the form of a diesel ICE and a stationary power plant in an air blower 6, in the form of a carburetor or injector ICE in the intake manifold 53; in ICE with exhaust gas recirculation - in the recirculator 66 (Fig.7), in stationary combustion plants 12 - in the furnace. In installations with an air blower 6, a guide casing 54 is mounted inside the latter, attached to the inner surface of the air blower by means of 55. Along the axis of the casing 54, pipe 57 is fixed with set screws 56, at the end of which a washer 58 is installed with a gap to the casing (Fig. 18 - Fig. 21) and said nozzle 51 is fixed at the beginning of said tube (FIG. 20), said nozzle 52 being attached selectively to the nozzle 51 (FIG. 20) or to the end of the tube (FIG. 18).

The air flow volume control means sets the working capacity of the electromagnetic valves 31 and 43 depending on the working volume of the internal combustion engine or the volume of the combustion chamber of the combustion plant.

The cartridge 16 can be used independently in the autonomous mode of the aerosol generator, in which case it is additionally equipped with a means of fastening 59 to the power plant or to the vehicle body.

The housing 20 of the cartridge 16 can be made integral of two pipe sections interconnected by a corrugated elastic sleeve 60, while the indicated fastening means 59 when the cartridge is operating offline is mounted on its lower part, and for the cartridge with the whole body the fastening means 59 is located in top of bubbler tube 29.

In an embodiment (not shown), the specified bubbler tube 29 is placed along the axis of the cartridge 16 and is attached with its lower end to the inner cup 24 of the lower piston, and the tubular shank 32 is mounted on the peripheral surface of the outer cup 21 of the upper piston, while a transparent viewing case is made in the cartridge case 20 window (not shown). All parts of the aerosol generator, cartridge and three-way valve can be made of plastic.

The lower branch pipe of the three-way valve 34 can be made of two parts interconnected by a sleeve 61 having an inner surface in the form of a venturi. Said clutch 61 may be made of plastic.

An insert 62 having an inner surface in the form of a venturi can be tightly installed inside the lower branch pipe of the three-way valve. Said insert 60 may be made of plastic. The nozzle of the bubbler tube 29 may be made of metal with a longitudinal measuring window (not shown) of a transparent material.

These rigid tubes 63 are made of aluminum or plastic.

The said casing is made in the form of a conical confuser (Fig. 18) or - with a curved side surface (Fig. 20), or - made in the form of a Laval nozzle (Fig. 21). Air for the internal combustion engine flows through the air intake 64 with a filter, and through the fan 65 of the air blower is supplied to the internal combustion engine. In power plants of waste incinerators and boiler houses, an additional air duct (not shown) connected to an autonomous compressed air source, which can be used as a compressor, air pump or stationary air line, is inserted into the said guide casing 54. When using the cartridge 16 in standalone mode, the hole in its lower part, which communicates with the capacity of the aerosol generator 15, is closed by a plug 66. The diameter of the holes in the nozzles and their number are selected depending on the power of the power plants. The specified tip 44 has a threaded part with a pre-chamber 67.

Comparison of the claimed technical solution with the prior art known from the scientific, technical and patent documentation as of the priority date in the main and related sections did not reveal a tool that has features identical to all the features contained in the utility model proposed by the applicant, including the purpose of use. That is, the set of essential features of the claimed solution was not previously known and is not identical to any known technical solutions, therefore, it meets the condition of patentability “novelty”.

This technical solution is industrially applicable, since its purpose is indicated in the description of the application and the name of the utility model, it can be manufactured industrially and used to service the reduction of exhaust gas toxicity of vehicle engines and stationary power plants by increasing the efficiency of combustion of hydrocarbon fuel.

The utility model, as described in each of the claims, can be implemented using the tools and methods described in the prototype, as well as in well-known technical solutions for patents of the Russian Federation: 2078118 "Multifunctional additive for hydrocarbon fuels for internal combustion engines" ; published application of the Russian Federation 2004105835 "Aerator"; 2078118 "The mixer"; 78440 "Installation for receiving additives to motor fuels" and others, which became public until the priority date of the utility model.

Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the condition of patentability "industrial applicability".

The device operates as follows.

The activator is poured into the container or directly into the aerosol generator in the form of a liquid composition. Due to the created vacuum in the field of hydrocarbon fuel combustion, the aerosol generator operates either in the bubbling mode or in the spraying mode until the aerosol is formed.

The device is installed in any convenient place in the engine compartment, the vehicle body or stationary object at a distance of 1.5-2 meters from the power plant. The operation of the device is provided in any temperature conditions from -35 ° C to + 65 ° C.

The aerosol is fed into the intake manifold of the carburetor ICE, a diesel air supercharger, a recirculator or a furnace of a combustion plant.

The device operates in three modes:

- bubbling;

- spraying;

- combined, sparging with spraying.

Each of the modes is characterized by the physical state of the aerosol - a mixture of activator with air and is selected before the installation of the device on the power plant, depending on the features of its operation, power and nature of the hydrocarbon fuel combustion processes.

In turn, in order to obtain the necessary physical state of the aerosol in accordance with the parameters of the power plant, the process of mixing air with the activator in the cartridge 16 or directly in the three-way valve 34 is selected. In this case, taking into account the amount of air consumed by the power plant, the corresponding throughput of the air electromagnetic valves 31 is set on the bubbler tube and valve 43 - on a three-way valve 34.

The mode of bubbling - mixing the activator with air bubbles is used for diesel engines with a displacement of up to 10 l and carburetor and injection ICE, as well as stationary power plants of small power.

In the bubbler mode (thrust washer in position I), due to the discharge from the power plant in the nozzle 33, air is sucked into the cartridge 16 through the bubbler tube 29 and exits in the form of bubbles into the holes in the tip 25 and, passing through the liquid composition, the liquid activator is turbulent, creating an aerosol in the form of small drops that passes through the lid of an aerosol generator into a three-way valve. Then dispersion through a three-way valve 34, the combined hose 46 and the atomizer 51 enters the intake manifold, the receiver of the injection engine or air blower in the internal combustion engine.

In this case, the tubes 35 and 39 associated with other modes of operation of the device are closed with plugs, and the air valve 31 on the three-way valve is also closed.

In spraying mode (thrust washer in position III) it is used for diesel engines with a displacement of more than 10 and carburetor and injection ICE, as well as stationary power plants of high power.

In this mode, the aerosol supply through the nozzle of the three-way valve 34 is blocked by a thrust washer 52, the tube 29 of the generator capacity is closed, the tube 35 in the cartridge 16 is connected to the spray tube 36, the valve 43 is open, the valve 31 on the bubbler filter is closed.

Air through the hollow rod 40 enters the end of the spray tube 36 and sprays the aeration fluid flowing through the tube 35 due to the ejector effect. Next, the resulting aerosol enters the power plant.

Combined mode - simultaneous sparging and spraying (thrust washer in position II) is used in the installation of ICE with high air consumption.

Combined mode is not applicable when the cartridge is used autonomously in the aerosol generator mode.

The lower pipe of the three-way valve 31 is partially opened by a thrust washer 41, the electromagnetic valve 43 is open, the electromagnetic valve 31 of the bubbler tube 29 is open, the tube 35 of the cartridge 16 is closed, the tube 29 of the capacity of the generator 15 is open and connected to the spray tube 36.

A sparged aerosol mixed in the prechamber 67 of the nozzle 44 enters tip 44 and is supplied through a nozzle of a three-way valve 34 with sprayed suspension obtained by spraying the aeration liquid from the spray tube 36 with air from the rod cavity 40. Next, the mixed aerosol enters the power plant.

Using the device with the simplicity of the design solution makes it possible to improve the environmental characteristics of the environment by reducing the toxicity of the exhaust gases of vehicles and stationary power plants, as well as increasing their efficiency and power.

Claims (16)

1. A three-mode aeration device for reducing the toxicity of exhaust gases of vehicles and stationary installations operating on hydrocarbon fuel, comprising a device for supplying an activator, a spray placed in a power plant, characterized in that the device for feeding an activator is made in the form of an aerosol generator, consisting from the container in which the cartridge with the liquid activator is placed, with the possibility of its flowing into the specified container, which is equipped with a lid and means power to the power plant or to the vehicle, while the cartridge is placed with the possibility of vertical movement in the tank together with a float tightly attached to it, freely placed in the tank at the surface level of the liquid activator, while the cartridge consists of a tubular body, hollow from both sides, hollow with pistons formed by two cups inserted one into the other, each of the outer cups has a flange for detachable connection with the cartridge case, the inner cup of the upper piston is inseparably connected to its outer cup, and the cups of the lower piston are made for mutual movement, while both inner cups are made with holes on their bottoms, and holes on the inner cup of the upper piston are made of a smaller diameter and larger than on the inner cup of the lower piston, on the side surface of each of the lower cups holes are made, coaxial to each other, into which a bubbler tube is passed with holes on the side surface and with a flap valve at the end, articulated Connected to the tube, the other end of the bubbler tube is passed through the cartridge housing, in which it is hermetically fixed, and connected to a transparent measuring tube, the other end of which is connected to the tube protruding beyond the vertical dimension of the cartridge and equipped with an air filter with means for regulating the volume of air flow along the vertical the axis of the outer cup of the upper piston has two holes; in the central hole, a tubular shank is tightly fixed, connected by means of an elastic coupling to the lower part to the body of the three-way valve, and in the peripheral hole the main tube is fixed for supplying the activator in the spray mode and combined operation mode of the installation, the lower end of which is located at the level of the “min” mark of the bubbler tube, and the upper end of the main tube in the specified operation mode of the device is connected to the spray tube fixed in the three-way valve with a fitting, moreover, when the device is in the bubbling mode, plugs are installed on the main, additional and spray tubes, and when operating in the spray mode I have a plug installed on the upper end of the main tube, and the spray tube is connected to an additional tube for supplying the activator, which is placed in the cover of the aerosol generator over its height, while a through hole passes through the sides of the three-way valve, a tubular rod is movably placed in one side , on the inner end of which a thrust washer is fixed, and on the other end is a threaded plug with an axial hole with a diameter equal to or greater than the diameter of the hole in the rod, this hole in the plug during operation of the device in the bubbling and combined modes is closed by a shut-off element of an electromagnetic valve equipped with a filter with means for regulating the volume of the air flow, said thrust washer is placed on the rod with the possibility of combining sections of the rod and spray tube and simultaneously blocking the activator feed hole through the bottom branch pipe of a three-way valve when the device is operating in spray mode, on the other side of the three-way valve through a nozzle with a nozzle a flexible conduit made of rigid tubes interconnected by elastic couplings is connected, while an atomizer with a nozzle located in power plants is attached to the end of the last tube: in the form of a diesel internal combustion engine and a furnace installation in an air blower, in power plants in the form of a carburetor or an injection internal combustion engine - in the intake manifold or in the receiver; in an internal combustion engine with exhaust gas recirculation, in a recirculator, moreover, in installations with an air blower, a guide shroud is installed inside the latter, attached to the inner surface of the air blower, a tube is fixed along the axis of the shroud, at the end of which a washer is installed with a gap to the shroud, and said sprayer is fixed at the beginning of said tube, said nozzle is selectively attached to the atomizer or to the end of the tube, and when using the cartridge in an autonomous mode, an aerosol generator ora it is additionally equipped with a means of attachment to a power plant or to the vehicle body, and a plug is inserted into the hole that communicates with the generator capacity, while the capacity of the electromagnetic valve is proportional to the working volume of the internal combustion engine or the volume of the combustion chamber of the furnace, and the specified tip has a threaded part with a prechamber. 2. The three-mode aeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that the said means for attaching the cartridge with the whole housing when the specified composite cartridge is in standalone mode is installed on the upper part of the housing. 3. The three-mode aeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that said cartridge body is made up of two pieces of pipe connected to each other by a corrugated elastic sleeve, wherein said fastening means when said composite cartridge is operating offline is mounted on its lower part. 4. The three-mode aeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that said bubbler tube is placed along the axis of the cartridge and fixed with its lower end to the upper cup of the lower piston, and the tubular shank is mounted on the peripheral surface of the upper cup of the upper piston, while the cartridge is made transparent viewing window. 5. The three-mode aeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that all the details of the aerosol generator, cartridge and three-way valve are made of plastic. 6. The three-mode aeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower pipe of the three-way valve is made of two parts interconnected by a sleeve having an inner surface in the form of a venturi. 7. Three-mode aeration device according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that the said coupling is made of plastic. 8. The three-mode aeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that an insert having an inner surface in the form of a venturi is tightly installed inside the lower pipe of the three-way valve. 9. The three-mode aeration device according to claims 1 and 7, characterized in that said insert is made of plastic. 10. The three-mode aeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle of the bubbler tube is made of metal with a longitudinal measuring window of transparent material. 11. The three-mode aeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that said rigid tubes are made of aluminum. 12. The three-mode aeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that said rigid tubes are made of plastic. 13. The three-mode aeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that said casing is made in the form of a conical confuser. 14. The three-mode aeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that said casing is made in the form of a confuser with a curved side surface. 15. The three-mode aeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that said casing is made in the form of a Laval nozzle. 16. The three-mode aeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the power plants of waste incinerators and boiler houses, an additional duct connected to an autonomous source of compressed air is inserted into said guide casing.