RU101324U1 - FIRE CULTIVATOR FOR THE PROCESSING OF WEED PLANTS IN THE GARDEN GARDEN - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A fire cultivator for processing weeds in the near-stem garden strips, comprising a frame, a gas distributor installed with the possibility of vertical rotational movement of its tube axis and a burner, characterized in that the burner is mounted on the frame parallel to the soil level, and the crane tube axis a gas distributor, the casing of which is fixed on the frame, is rigidly connected with the vertical axis of the two-shouldered lever, the sleeve of which (the axis of the two-shouldered lever) is fixed on the frame, and one shoulder of the lever is made in the form of vertical Nogo rigid shield (screen), and the other arm is designed as a rigid lever, with its free (lever) end is connected to the frame by a tension spring. ! 2. The cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner surface of the shield (screen) is covered with a material with a low heat transfer coefficient.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to agricultural engineering and can be used to mechanize gardening.

The damage caused to agricultural production by weeds is an indisputable fact. Therefore, the fight against them is one of the important tasks in agriculture.

There are several ways to deal with weeds: agrotechnical, chemical, biological, physical and integral.

Mechanical cultivation of the soil in gardens with the simultaneous destruction of weeds is carried out, as a rule, by two technological operations: the processing of the aisle and the processing of the near-trunk strip (protective zone).

A certain difficulty is the cultivation of the soil in the near-trunk strip and, above all, the fact that the working body extends under the crown of the trees and thereby leaves the visual observation of the tractor driver.

Previously [1] were developed: the PMP-0.6 tool and the FA-0.76 milling cutter, designed for processing barrels in the garden. However, they have disadvantages. During PMP-0.6 operation, damage to the roots of perennial plants is observed, which, when approaching the stem, always rises to the soil surface. The operation of the cutter FA-0.76 is characterized by the fact that when it is removed from the row and returned to the row, inertial loads occur, causing transverse vibrations of the machine. This leads to rapid wear of its parts and disruption of the process.

Known devices (RU 2021650. Cl. А01В 39/16, 1994; RU 2081531. Cl. АВВ 39/16, 1997; RU 2238619. Cl. А01В 39/16, 2004; RU 2272388. Cl. А01В 39/16, 2004 ) a follow-up type for tillage in the rows of perennial plantings, including a frame on which a crank or four-link extension mechanism is mounted with a tillage working body mounted on it, its automatic control unit with a spring-loaded rotary probe mounted on the frame, a hydraulic distributor and a hydraulic cylinder. When working in plantations with a small planting pitch of up to 1.5 m, with a lowered crown, the effectiveness of such devices is significantly reduced due to the fact that when the unit moves, the probe and working body do not have time to enter the row of plants due to the length of the probe rolling around plants, as a result of which a significant part of the area of the near-trunk strip is not worked out.

A common disadvantage of devices for introducing a solution of herbicides into the trunk of the garden is its (solution) getting on tree stands, which is unacceptable according to modern initial (agrotechnical) requirements [2].

Thermal (fire) method refers to the physical method of weed control [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]. Thermal (fire) treatment of weed fields is economically most beneficial compared to chemical and mechanical. A technical and economic comparison of different methods of weed control showed that the cost of firing is 30% less than chemical. When processing by fire, the operational costs of labor for obtaining a unit of production are reduced by 27% compared with operating costs when machined mechanically [11]. The fire treatment of weeds is classified as an environmentally friendly method.

Fire cultivators are widely used both abroad and in our country [12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21]. However, they are intended solely for continuous processing of the field, and in particular for the processing of garden aisles.

As a prototype, we accept the OGAT-N thermal unit developed in Giproniyigas [11]. In the transport position, the gas burner device of the OGAT-N unit rises to the vertical position with a hydraulic cylinder operating from the tractor’s hydraulic system. This design of the sample allows the gas burner device to approach the fruit tree stem. However, the lack of a probe and a control mechanism that are designed to bypass the tree trunk with a working body will lead to gas overrun and burn the torch with a torch flame.

The purpose of the proposed utility model is the resource saving of the technological process and the reduction of damage to tree stands by thermal exposure.

This is achieved by the fact that the burner is mounted on the frame parallel to the soil level, and the axis of the stopcock of the gas distribution valve of the gas burner device, the casing of which is fixed on the frame, having (axis) the possibility of reciprocating movement in the body, is rigidly connected with the vertical axis of the two shoulders lever, the sleeve of which (axis of the two shoulders of the lever) is mounted on the frame, while one shoulder of the lever is made in the form of a vertical rigid shield-shield, and the other shoulder is made in the form of a rigid lever, and its free (lever) end is connected to the frames Oh by means of a tension spring. The outer surface of the shield screen facing the flame torch is covered with a material with a low heat transfer coefficient.

Figure 1 is a front view of the cultivator; figure 2 is a top view of the cultivator; figure 3 is a side view of the cultivator.

The fire cultivator for processing weeds in the near-garden strip of the garden contains a supporting frame 1, to which are attached: the body 2 of the gas valve, the sleeve 3, the axis 4 of which (sleeve) is rigidly connected to the stopper 5 of the gas valve, burner 6 and spring 7. K a rigid shield-shield 8 is attached to the upper and lower ends of the axis 4, and a lever 9 connected to the spring 7 is attached to the upper end of the axis 4.

The technological process of the operation of the fire cultivator for the treatment of weeds in the trunks of the garden is as follows. Before starting work, place the frame 1 in the trunk strip of the garden so that the burner 6 is horizontal and the shield shield 8 with its free end is on the axis of a row of trees. Gas is supplied through a hose from a container (not shown) through a gas distributor to burner 6 and is ignited. Adjust the flame so that its length reaches the axis of a row of trees. When the unit moves, the shield-screen 8, touching the tree trunk 10, deviates to the side opposite to the direction of movement. At the same time, the size of the cultivated area occupied by weeds gradually decreases due to a decrease in the length of the cultivated area. Simultaneously with the deflection of the shield screen 8, the plug 5 of the gas distribution valve rotates, reducing the flow of gas into the burner 6 and, accordingly, its flow rate. This provides resource-saving process of fire treatment of weeds. When the ratio of the length of the torch-flame to its width is 2: 1, a gradual decrease in the deflection angle of the shield 8 occurs to 49 deg., Then a gradual increase in the deflection angle to 53 deg, and then the shield 8 stops contact with the tree 10. Under the action of the spring 7, the shield screen 8 and the plug 5 of the gas distribution valve return to their original position, and the flame torch takes its original shape and the process repeats. In this case, the flame torch does not touch the tree trunk 10.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. The mechanization of gardening. Kuteynikov V.K., Losev N.P., Chetvertakov A.V. et al. M .: Kolos, 1983.- 319 p.

2. Beletsky I.N. Technology of application of herbicides. - 2nd ed., Revised. and add. - L .: Agropromizdat. Leningra. Department, 1989 .-- 176 p.

3. Baranov G.I. Fire cultivator. Auth. testimonial. USSR No. 599778, Cl. A., 01 M 21/04, 1978.

4. Dzhasheev A. On the weeds - fire. // The rural machine operator. - 2004. No. 4. - p.13 ... 14.

5. Seitmenbetov TS The experience of using a fire cultivator for processing on-farm irrigators. // Mechanization of rice harvesting and post-harvest tillage in Kaz. SSR. - 1987. - No. 8. p.14 ... 15.

6. Chigaev I. Fire cultivator on strawberries. // Gardening. - 1976. - No. 1. c.9.

7. Ascard J. Flame weeding effect of fuel pressure and tandem burners. // Weed Res. - 1997. Vol. 3. No. 2. - P.77-86.

8. Bruleur pour dispositif desherbag thermique. Application No. 2765953. France IPC in F23K 5/22. Vichel Roger lean, Rossi lian Pierre Application Eltrotechniques et Macaniques SA - No. 9708734. Application 07/09/1997. Publ. 01/15/1999.

9. Morgan W.C. Alternatives by Herbicides. // Plant Protect. - 1989. Vol. 4. No. 1. - P.33-36.

10. Lasco-Bartosowa M., Rifai N. Effekt of different thermal units and types of mulch on weeds in apple arcards: Dokl. [24 German Conference on Weed Biology and Weed Control, Stuttgar Hohenheim, March 4-6, 2008] No. 14. I Plant Dislases and Prot. 2008. Spec. Issue, 21. P.565-568.

11. Amerkhanov R.A., Bessarab A.S., Draganov B.Kh., Rudobashta S.P., Shishko G.G. Thermal power plants and agricultural systems. M .: Kolos-Press, 2002, 423 p.

12. Chigaev I. - // Gardening, 1976. No. 1. - S.11.

13. Fire cultivator, US patent No. 3727346, publication 17.04.73. Kl. A / 01 / M 15/00.

14. Baranov G.I. Fire cultivator. Auth. testimonial. USSR No. 599778. Kl. A01M 21/04, 1978.

15. Jasheev A. On the weed - fire. // The rural machine operator. - 2004. No. 1. - S.13 ... 14.

16. Pustovalova E.V., Pustovalov B.C. and Pustovalov A.V. The method of heat treatment of weeds. RF patent No. 2112376. Kl. A01M 21/04. 1993.

17. Pustovalov A.V., Shipovsky A.K. and Pustovalov B.C. The method of thermal (fire) treatment of weed seeds. RF patent No. 2229228. Kl. A01M 21/04. 2002.

18. Pustovalov A.V., Shipovsky A.K., Gordeev A.S. and Pustovalov B.C. Fire cultivator for row crops. RF patent No. 2231260. Kl. A01M 21/04. 2002.

19. Pustovalov A.V., Shipovsky A.K., Belous N.M. and Pustovalov B.C. The method of heat treatment of weeds RF Patent No. 2260946. Cl A01M 21/04. 2003.

20. Pustovalov A.V., Shipovsky A.K. and Pustovalov B.C. The method of thermal (fire) control of weed seeds. RF patent No. 2236788. Kl. A01M 21/04. 2003.

21. Pustovalov A.V., Shipovsky A.K. and Pustovalov B.C. Fire cultivator. RF patent for utility model No. 73163. MPK A01M 21/04, A01M 15/00. 2008.

Claims (2)

1. A fire cultivator for processing weeds in the near-stem garden strips, comprising a frame, a gas distributor installed with the possibility of vertical rotational movement of its tube axis and a burner, characterized in that the burner is mounted on the frame parallel to the soil level, and the crane tube axis a gas distributor, the casing of which is fixed on the frame, is rigidly connected with the vertical axis of the two-shouldered lever, the sleeve of which (the axis of the two-shouldered lever) is fixed on the frame, and one shoulder of the lever is made in the form of vertical Nogo rigid shield (screen), and the other arm is designed as a rigid lever, with its free (lever) end is connected to the frame by a tension spring. 2. The cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner surface of the shield (screen) is covered with a material with a low heat transfer coefficient.