RU2584481C2 - Flame cultivator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: flame cultivator for burning of weed vegetation includes skids, removable gas burner sections, shields-reflectors and gate valves. Skids are equipped with vertical longitudinal plates-knives. Gas burner sections are connected to a compressor and a gas source. Gas sections have openings in front (in the direction of travel) and at the bottom. Front openings for serve for gas and air supply. Lower openings serve for screwing in of gas-air nozzles. At the ends of the sections there are blind flanges. Shields-reflectors are connected to the flanges. At the ends of outside sections-burners there are inbuilt nozzles. Nozzles are directed into the area of rows downwards at an acute angle. Gate valves provide for a possibility to block the flame nozzles when coming across a bole.

EFFECT: ease of manufacture and higher efficiency due to simultaneous processing of spaces between rows and rows of perennial plantings.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to fire cultivators.

Known fire cultivator for the treatment of weeds in the near-stem strips of the garden (patent RU A01M No. 101324). It consists of a frame with a gas distributor, burner, shield-shield and a gas source located on it. When the cultivator moves along the aisle, the shield-screen, touching the stem, begins to deviate in the opposite direction of movement. At the same time, the gas valve located on the same axis rotates, reducing the flow of gas into the burner. After bypassing the stem, the shield-shield and the valve of the gas distributor under the action of the spring return to their original position and the cycle is repeated until the next touch-shield of the trunk of the tree. To isolate the tree trunk from the burn, the shield is covered with a material with a low heat transfer coefficient.

The disadvantages of the analogue are the use only in the ranks of perennial plantings, large flame limits its use in vineyards and orchards with a low crown.

Famous fire cultivator (USSR author's certificate No. 139507) - "prototype", which consists of tanks with liquefied gas "propane-butane", equipped with power fittings, a connecting pipe, an evaporator (coil), a fire chamber, an induction coil with a magnetic chopper, two rods with burners, wheel drive and support runners. The gas is burned in the burners of the flame chamber during operation of the unit as follows: liquid gas from the cylinder through the fittings enters the evaporator through a pipeline and from there through two rods to the burners staggered towards each other. Ignition is carried out by electric spark discharges in the spark plugs mounted in the front burner burner bodies. The rear boom burners are lit by the flame of the front burners. Evaporation of liquefied gas is carried out in a coil-evaporator mounted above the flame chamber. During operation, the heat chamber is supported by two height-adjustable sliders. To prevent breakdowns, burners are mounted on two-arm levers pressed by springs and stops. In the event of an encounter with an obstacle, the burner moves relative to the nozzle and again lowers into working position after passing the obstacle.

The disadvantages of this fire cultivator are the limited width of the capture, the inability to use in the ranks of perennial plantings.

The aim of the invention is:

- regulation of width of capture;

- creation of a stable, adjustable and uniformly wide flame capture;

- simultaneous automatic processing of weeds in rows and rows of perennial plantings;

- providing rectilinear movement and protection against lateral sliding of the unit on sloping lands;

- protection of plantings from direct flame exposure.

This is achieved by the fact that the fire cultivator is made up of burner sections, which are connected through pipelines to a gas source and a tractor compressor, which ensures stability and controllability of the flame.

The burner sections are mounted on racks above the runners at an adjustable height and are pipe sections with blind flanges at the ends and holes from below for screwing in air-gas nozzles, and in the middle of each pipe section in front of the cultivator there are holes for supplying gas and compressed air.

The concentration of hot air and flame directly above the soil surface and increasing the efficiency of plant firing are achieved by reflector shields connected by bolts to the flanges and located horizontally above the gas-air nozzles.

For processing weeds in rows at the ends of the extreme sections of the burner built-in nozzles directed at an acute angle down to the area of the rows.

The stands of the stands are protected from direct fire by an arc-shaped shutter, convex side facing the stands and rigidly connected to the probe, which, touching the stem when the cultivator moves, turns the shutter, and it closes the flame (the shutter shutter does not touch).

To ensure rectilinear movement and to avoid lateral sliding on sloping lands, vertical longitudinal knife plates are formed on the bottom runners, forming skate runners.

This fire cultivator, in addition to perennial plantings, can be used on crops of annual crops.

The figure 1 shows a front view of the cultivator;

figure 2 - construction of sections of the burner;

in figure 3 - the mechanism for protecting the boles from a direct flame.

A fire cultivator for burning weed includes gas sections-burners 1, consisting of pipelines for supplying gas 2 and air 3, a gas nozzle 4, mixer manifolds 5 (which are pipe sections) and gas-air nozzles 6; reflective shields 7; supporting skids-skates 8 with vertical plates-knives 9 to ensure rectilinear movement; end gas nozzles 10; dampers 11 welded to the probes 12 and bushings 13; brackets 14 with stops 15; levers 16 interconnected by return springs 17.

The fire cultivator operates as follows. Through the pipeline 2 through the nozzle 4, gas is supplied to the mixer-collector 5 (cavity of the pipe segment). There, through the “pipe-jacket” 3, air is supplied enveloping the gas stream. The mixture of gas and air exiting through the gas-air nozzles 6 is ignited. In this case, the flame of the burners 1 and hot air, concentrated under the reflective shield 7, burn the leaves and seeds of weeds. The flame of the end nozzle 10 is directed to the area of the rows of stands at an acute angle downward. When the assembly moves, the probe 12, touching the stem 18, deviates to the side opposite to the direction of movement, while the arcuate shutter 11 welded to it rotates around the axis and blocks the flame from the end nozzle 10, preventing direct contact with the planting stem 18. After the probe has stopped contact 12 with the stem 18 under the action of the return spring 17, the shutter 11 is returned to its original position, turning until it stops 15 on the bracket 14, which together with the spring 17 holds the shutter 11 with the probe 12 in a fixed position until meeting with another obstacle. Knife plates 9, welded to skids 8, forming skating skates and crashing into the ground, provide rectilinear movement and do not allow lateral sliding of the unit on sloping lands.

Simplicity in manufacturing, small metal consumption and the possibility of simultaneous processing of row-spacing and rows of perennial plantings provide high efficiency and resource-saving technological process.

Claims (2)

1. A fire cultivator comprising a gas source, burners, connecting pipelines, nozzles, a shield, dampers and skids, characterized in that the burners are combined into removable sections, each of which is connected to a tractor compressor and a gas source and represents a segment of a mixer pipe with blind flanges at the ends and holes in the front in the direction of travel for gas and air supply, and below - for screwing in air-gas nozzles, and mounted above the runners, reflector shields are connected to the flanges and are located horizontally above the gas with air nozzles, nozzles are built at the ends of the extreme sections of the burner, directed into the row area downward at an acute angle, and the arched damper, convex side facing the stands, is rigidly connected to the probe, which when meeting with the stem turns it concave side to the nozzle for overlapping her flame. 2. The fire cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that vertical longitudinal plate-knives are welded to the bottom runners, cutting into the soil during its movement.

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