RU100072U1 - PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FOAM GLASS BLOCKS - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. Installation for the production of foam glass blocks, including a foaming furnace and annealing furnace, metal molds, transport route, transfer trolleys, pushers, a hopper-dispenser of the foaming mixture, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity of the installation and the quality of the foam glass, improve working conditions and reduce energy costs, metal molds are made in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds made of heat-resistant metal and are fed into the furnace vertically, mounted on one of the smaller faces so that it foams e blends occurred parallel to the plane of the largest face of the form. ! 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the molds are fed into a foaming furnace in four rows. ! 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the foam glass blocks are fed into the annealing furnace in molds with adjustable stiffness, and the technological stage of removing blocks from the molds is carried out completely after the completion of the annealing process. ! 4. The installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer carriage on the section of the transport path from the foaming furnace to the annealing furnace has a receiving chamber with a heating system, eliminating the appearance of critical thermal stresses in the foam glass blocks.

Description

The technical solution relates to the production of foam glass and can be used in the building materials industry.

A simple, high-performance scheme for the single-stage production of foam glass blocks is known, when foaming and annealing of a specially prepared mixture loaded in metal molds is carried out in the same multi-level tunnel furnace [1]. The advantage of this method: one-stage, continuity, the ability to automate the process, high energy savings.

The disadvantage of this method:

- Multilevel tunnel furnaces do not provide high-quality foam glass due to significant temperature gradients in the furnace channel;

- The difficulty of implementing one of the basic requirements of foam glass foaming technology related to the need to balance the hydrostatic pressure of the foam mass - the presence of a positive temperature gradient between the bottom and top of the molds.

- Significant weight and size characteristics of the foam glass production unit (the length of the furnace is more than 100 m, the mass of the mold set per line is 250 tons);

- Low yield percentage of foam glass blocks.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is the installation for the production of foam glass blocks using a two-stage technology, containing a foaming furnace and annealing furnace, demountable molds, transfer trolleys, a mold pusher, transport lines, a charge bunker-doser [2, 3]. In the two-stage production method, the foam glass blocks obtained in the foaming furnace, having passed the complex temperature-time treatment regime — heating, foaming, cooling, stabilization — are removed from the hot molds and loaded into the annealing furnace to relax stresses.

The disadvantages of the known installation:

- Limited productivity - about 10 thousand m ³ blocks per year;

- Heavy to 100 kg heat-resistant forms with a wall thickness of 5-10 mm, the heating of which accounts for almost a quarter of all energy costs when foaming the charge;

- Difficult working conditions - the adopted technology contains an open-air procedure for removing blocks from molds having a temperature of 580-650 ° C, immediately after they exit the foaming furnace, followed by reloading the foam glass into the annealing furnace;

- Uncontrolled thermal stresses arising in the blocks of foam glass when they are removed from the hot molds, which affects the yield and quality of the products.

The purpose of the technical solution is to increase the productivity of the installation and the quality of the foam glass, improve working conditions, reduce energy costs.

This goal is achieved in that the installation for the production of foam glass blocks containing a foaming furnace and annealing furnace, metal molds, a transport path for moving molds, transfer trolleys, mold pushers, a foam-forming mixture hopper, is equipped with molds made in the form of heat-resistant rectangular parallelepipeds metal, which are fed into the foaming furnace in a vertical position, mounted on one of the smaller faces so that the foaming of the mixture occurs parallel to the plane the greater verge of form. Blocks of foam glass are fed into the annealing furnace in molds with adjustable stiffness, and the technological stage of removing blocks from the molds is carried out completely after the completion of the annealing process. The transfer carriage on the section of the transport path from the foaming furnace to the annealing furnace has a heating system that excludes the appearance of uncontrolled thermal stresses in the foam glass blocks.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by the drawings, which depict: in Fig.1 - accepted in the production of foam glass arrangement of forms with a foaming charge [3]; figure 2 - the location of the forms of the proposed technical solution; figure 3 - shows a diagram of a proposed installation for the production of foam glass blocks.

As can be seen from figures 1, 2, where arrows 1 indicate the direction of movement of the molds, and arrows 2 indicate the direction of foaming of the charge, within the area occupied by one mold with dimensions, for example, 500 × 500 × 120 mm, three shapes of the same size are freely located, but mounted vertically on a face with a smaller area. Thus, in the case of a three-row loading of the foaming furnace, which is most often used in the production of foam glass, instead of three forms, according to the proposed technical solution, nine vertical forms installed on the smaller face are introduced into the furnace simultaneously for the same time cycle, which leads to a threefold increase in productivity foaming ovens and the production of foam glass blocks in general (table).

Cyclicity of feeding molds with a size of 500 × 500 × 120 mm to a foaming oven, min. Plant productivity, thousand m ³ blocks per year Known three-row arrangement of forms [2, 3] Proposed three-row arrangement of forms Suggested four-row layout 5.0 9.4 28.3 37.8 4.5 10.5 31.5 42.0 4.0 11.8 35.4 47.3 3.5 13.5 40.5 54.0 3.0 15.7 47.3 63.0

Installation for the production of foam glass blocks contains a foaming furnace 1, annealing furnace 2, vertically mounted forms on a stand 14, a self-propelled transfer trolley with a receiving chamber and a heating system 5, self-propelled transfer trolleys 4, 10, pushers of forms 3, transport lines 6, 7, 15 , belt conveyor 9, roller conveyor 11, a section for extracting blocks from forms 8, a section for preparing forms 12, a feed hopper with a charge and a batcher 13. Plots of machining, storage of blocks and preparation of the charge are not shown.

Installation works as follows.

The foaming mixture is loaded using a dispenser 13 into molds 14, which are transferred by a transfer trolley 4 to the loading zone of the foaming furnace 1. The load is carried out cyclically every 3-5 minutes with a pusher 3. At the outlet of the furnace 1, the trolley 5, which has a receiving chamber with a heating system, receives forms with blocks and transports them to the loading zone in annealing furnace 2, where they are loaded onto the annealing pusher 3. Structurally, the forms have adjustable stiffness, selected so as not to destroy the blocks upon cooling. At the exit of the furnace 2, the carriage 10 receives a stand with molds from which foam block blocks are removed at section 8 and sent to the conveyor 9 for machining or to a warehouse. As a rule, a block face facing the mold cover is subjected to machining. Free forms with a stand using the pusher 3 and the conveyor 11 are supplied first to the preparation area 12, and then to the charge charge. The arrows in figure 3 shows the movement of forms and finished blocks.

The introduction of a transport trolley with a heated chamber into the foam glass production scheme eliminates the occurrence of uncontrolled thermal stresses during the transportation and loading of molds with blocks into the annealing furnace and virtually combines all the furnaces into a single, controlled temperature field of the technological redistribution of glass. At the same time, not only the number and transport path of the molds increases, but the fire load on the molds decreases several times, which extends the life of the molds, allows the use of lightweight molds with thin walls, and, therefore, reduce the energy consumption for foam glass production.

The proposed installation combines the advantages of a single-stage and two-stage technology for the production of foam glass and has a wide reserve for varying the temperature-time regimes of sintering and annealing, which makes it a universal, high-performance tool for processing specially welded glasses, as well as different industrial and household glass wastes with different physicochemical properties. .

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Demidovich B.K. Foam glass. Minsk: Science and Technology, 1975, p. 5-19.

2. Demidovich B.K., Sadchenko N.P. Foam-glass technology and application. M., VNIIESM, 1990, pp. 2-5, pp. 10-17.

3. Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 881016, M. Kl. C03B 19/08. Installation for the production of foam glass blocks / Matsevich I.I., Lapin L.M., Meisels R.G., Godun N.Kh., Piletsky V.I. (USSR) / publ. 11/15/1981, bull. Number 42

Claims (4)

1. Installation for the production of foam glass blocks, including a foaming furnace and annealing furnace, metal molds, transport route, transfer trolleys, pushers, a hopper-dispenser of the foaming mixture, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity of the installation and the quality of the foam glass, improve working conditions and reduce energy costs, metal molds are made in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds made of heat-resistant metal and are fed into the furnace vertically, mounted on one of the smaller faces so that it foams e blends occurred parallel to the plane of the largest face of the form. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the molds are fed into a foaming furnace in four rows. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the foam glass blocks are fed into the annealing furnace in molds with adjustable stiffness, and the technological stage of removing blocks from the molds is carried out completely after the completion of the annealing process. 4. The installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer carriage on the section of the transport path from the foaming furnace to the annealing furnace has a receiving chamber with a heating system, eliminating the appearance of critical thermal stresses in the foam glass blocks.