RS51153B - BONE FRUIT COLLECTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

Bone fruit picker with tractor driven via PTO (1), with ground support, in one-wheel transport position, intended for picking fruit by shaking the tree, collecting and purifying the fruit and filling the fruit with packaging, indicating the entities the picker is mounted behind the tractor with which it is connected at three points by means of threaded shafts (29, 30) and shaft (31), where the shaft (29) passes through the openings (29a), the shaft (30) through the openings (30a) and the shaft (30). 31) through openings (31a), wherein openings (29a) and (30a) are made in the lower part on the supporting frame (19), while openings (31a) are made in the upper part on the supporting frame (19); the movable carts (20) being mounted in a fixed frame (26) and movable together with the conveyor (17) in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the tractor; that the brackets (22) of the clamping jaws (13) are mounted on an axle (32) housed in the bracket (33) and positioned, in height, above the lowest portions of the receiving tarpaulin (24) and the conveyor (17); that the holders (22) of the clamping jaws (13) are slidingly supported on the support (23); the main supports (28) and the supports (14) of the receiving tarpaulin (24) being mounted on the movable trolleys (20) and the carrier (23) being connected to a single carrier (22) of the clamping jaws (13) via a hydro-cylinder assembly (16) ). The application contains 8 additional dependent claims.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD TO WHICH THE INVENTION RELETS

The invention belongs to the field of agriculture in general, and relates to a stone fruit picker.

According to the International Classification of Patents (IPC 8) the invention can be marked with the symbol A01D 46/00.

TECHNICAL PROBLEM

Before the invention, a request was made, how to structurally solve the stone fruit picker (plums, peaches, apricots, apples, pears, cherries, cherries, olives, etc.), which will ensure the protection of the roots of the fruit tree from damage during picking, the collection of the freed fruit, the cleaning and transport of the fruit, using clamping jaws placed so that the height of the tree's grip is as high as possible from the ground, in order to reduce the required force for shaking, which is a prerequisite for protecting the roots of the fruit tree from damage, as well as the receiving tarpaulin, conveyor belt, mobile cart, stationary frame, fan and hydraulic system, where the mobile cart moves in the stationary frame transversely to the direction of the tractor. At the same time, the picker is designed to be connected to the tractor with standard connections behind the tractor, like any other attachment tool.

STATE OF THE ART

It is known that until now fruit picking was done mostly by hand or in other quite primitive ways, which was and remains a very painstaking job and required the engagement of a large number of workers. The problem of fruit picking has increased due to the requirement to achieve a higher speed, as well as due to the requirement regarding hygiene reasons, since it is necessary to meet certain requirements of the International Food Quality Standard (HACCAP standard).

A well-known solution is the COROL-DUPON (France) fruit harvester, which is designed as an attached tool for a tractor whose size corresponds to a power of 50 KW or more, and is equipped with a fork and a mechanical arm, at the end of which a threshing head and receiving tarpaulin are attached, as well as a belt conveyor for fruits. This harvester is transported to the orchard with a trailer, and in the orchard it is mounted on a tractor. With the help of a mechanical arm, the shaking head and the receiving tarpaulin are brought closer to the tree. The trunk of the fruit tree is caught, the receiving tarpaulin is spread and the fruits are shaken off, which fall through the bottom of the tarpaulin onto the conveyor. The transporter delivers the fruits to the packaging, which is on the forklift, and the fruits are previously blown in order to clean them from mechanical impurities. This harvester has low output, high purchase price, complex hydraulics, is unsuitable for transport to orchards and does not have the ability to monitor the movement of the tree, which represents its significant disadvantages.

The domestically produced harvester, type KV-6V-GOŠA, is designed as a mounted implement attached to a tractor, where it is put into operation by placing the harvester against the fruit tree. With a mechanical hand, the trough is moved towards the tree, and the vibrating head rests against the tree. When the harvester moves towards the tree, the trough is pulled by the canvas blinds so that it automatically forms half of the space for collecting fruits (cans), while the other half is formed when the tree is gripped by the jaws of the vibrating head. Shaking is done by alternately turning on the drive cylinders of the vibrating head, whereby the shaken fruits fall on the stretched canvas and roll onto the grate, through which they fall and fall onto the conveyor, while the mechanical impurities remain on the grate. When the trough is filled with fruits, a holder for the crates is attached, which are filled via a belt conveyor, during which any mechanical impurities are blown out. In this case, the harvester clamping the tree is possible only under the cloth for accepting the fruits, so it is impossible to take the most favorable (maximum) height of the fruit tree from the ground, which is a basic prerequisite for preventing damage to the roots of the fruit tree during threshing; the construction of the harvester with a height of 4.5 m is unfavorable since it does not allow free movement through the orchard, and its price is relatively high.

A number of documents related to fruit picking were found among domestic patent documents.

This is a well-known device for picking apples, for which a domestic patent is registered under the number 50064, where the device consists of a stick at the front end of which there is a fruit catcher mechanism, and at the back a handle that opens and closes the fruit catcher mechanism using a string. The device is easy to handle in terms of its weight, and the elements that make it up are very simple. The device is actually manual, so it does not envisage picking large quantities of fruit in a short time.

In the registered domestic patent published under the number 44477, a mechanism for shaking trees with a hydraulic device in a fruit harvester is described. The device consists of a vibrator placed on the support of the shaking head with a hydraulic installation, a trough with a vibrating grid and a forklift with a platform for filling crates. The adjustment of the tree clamp is accomplished by means of a hydraulic cylinder.

The domestic registered patent number 47636 describes a device for picking fruit intended exclusively for picking by shaking tree trunks, collecting, purifying and filling packaging and dumping on the ground. The structure contains a mechanical arm with sticks, a trough with a conveyor belt from which the fruits are directed towards the auxiliary conveyor, and the picker is connected to the tractor.

One solution of the shaker and fruit picker is presented in the domestic patent registered under number 47590, where the solution contains a conveyor with mechanical arms over a telescopic tube, a shaking head with hydraulic cylinders, and is designed as a tractor attachment.

The domestic registered patent number 47246 describes a harvester for fruit growing, intended primarily for threshing, collecting and cleaning fruit, which is mounted on a tractor, and consists of a frame, a fork, a mechanical arm, a trough with a belt conveyor and a threshing head, a crate holder, a hydraulic pump and a fan. In the guides of the frame, a movable carriage of a mechanical arm is placed, connected by a steel rope over the rollers of the hydraulic cylinder for the frame.

A domestic document published under the number P-16/96 describes a mechanical hand for picking fruit, which consists of a head mounted on a long stick. The handle is used to lift the branch, and by simultaneously pulling the cable, the housing slides down and carries a comb, which tears off the fruit with its teeth, and it falls into the bag. By releasing the cable, the spring returns the comb bag to its starting position to repeat the action.

Among the patent documents, there is a well-known solution described in the domestic patent file published under the number 50064 and entitled "Device for harvesting apple fruit", which consists of a rod at the front end of which there is a fruit catcher mechanism, and at the rear a handle, which opens and closes the fruit catcher mechanism using a string. The device is easy to handle in terms of its weight (about 0.6 kg) and the simplicity of the elements that make it up. The device is manual, which does not make it applicable for harvesting large quantities and high picking speeds.

In the domestic document P-170/85, a harvester for picking fruits by shaking is presented, which is mounted on a standard tractor, and consists mainly of a forklift in which the frame moves in the guides, and the frame of the forks is attached to the cart, and the forks are adjustable. A lattice support is attached to the frame of the cart, which carries the packaging basket as well as the rotatable mechanical arms. At its other end, the mechanical arms carry a grid support on which is a vibrating screen frame with a sieve. The vibrating head is connected to the frame of the vibrating screen, and the fan is fixed on the base. The hydraulic installation consists of a hydraulic pump connected to the hydraulic cylinders by a tank, as well as an installation for the tractor's compressed air.

The domestic document P 413/86 shows a multi-purpose orchard harvester for performing various works in the orchard, primarily for the mechanical harvesting of fruit by shaking trees, its collection, cleaning and transport, and it can be used as a mobile platform for work in the orchard, as a chopper, as a forklift, as a loader and as a vibrating sieve, and it is mounted on a standard tractor. The harvester consists of a forklift, mechanical arms, a vibrating trough, a receiving funnel, a shaking head, a fan with a nozzle and a crate carrier. For lifting and lowering the forklift truck, pulleys are used over which steel ropes are passed, which are attached to the truck and to the frame.

In the document Pub. No.: WO/2002/028166 (International Application No.: PCT/EP2001/011318) an improvement of conveyor elements for a fruit picker is presented, where the picker includes a carrier and picking elements for separating picked material, including fruit and leaves from trees, bushes and the like.

In the document Pub. No.: WO/2004/057943 (International Application No.: PCT7GR2003/000051) shows an olive picker by shaking the tree, which consists of two rings with multiple rotating nets, which are positioned as desired, so as to penetrate a part of the tree, whereby the fruits fall into the net. The collector is spread out under the tree, so the picked fruits fall into it. The advantage of this picker is that the crushing and collection of olive fruits takes a very short time.

In the solution of the multi-purpose cherry picker described in the document with Pub. No.: WO/2004/006646 (International Application No.: PCT/IL2003/000577) discloses a method and apparatus for orchards, including bringing a vehicle to a fruit tree. This apparatus includes a vehicle-mounted mount and housing surrounding the vibration producing medium and the vibration control environment, reach control, load control, and delay control.

In the document with Pub. No.: WO/2004/002211 (International Application No.: PCT/IL2003/000542) shows a method and system for picked fruit of a mechanized harvester, which has a picking device, two arms extended under the tree, and between them a spread canvas into which the harvested fruits fall, and at the same time shows a vibration unit for shaking trees, which contains two rotors with weights and a hydraulic motor from which the weights with the rotor get power.

In the document with Pub. No.: WO/2001/045528 (International Application No.: PC17FR2000/003586) showing a picker carrier for an object that opens like an umbrella.

In the US patent file with the designation US Pat. No. 4,275,548 presented a solution of an improved tree shaker, which has a joint for reaching and a vibrator for producing vibrations that are transmitted to the trunk of the fruit tree. The vibrator contains an eccentric, mounted so that it rotates in the vertical plane, and a hydraulic frame is placed on the supports.

In the American patent file with the designation US Pat No. 5,765,349 presented a solution of a tree shaker for fruit picking, comprising a tree presser, front and rear end with two arms at the front end of the structure, which push the tree producing a shake. The structure contains two booms with loads and motors to rotate the booms. The shaker is connected to the structure of the transport vehicle when it is being transported.

Until now, the known solutions provided for pruning fruit trees, generally, significantly damage the fruit tree during use, so they find less and less their place in practical application.

The harvesting height of the KV-6V-GOŠ A harvester is 250 nm, while that of the COROL-DUPON harvester is only 100 mm. At the same time, the harvest rate according to the invention is 98%, while the two mentioned harvesters are 97%.

Following this field of agriculture, the inventor found a new picker solution, which will not, or will significantly less, damage the root of the fruit tree during harvesting, which has all other characteristics better than the solutions known so far, so it will be described in detail below.

EXPOSITION OF THE ESSENCE OF THE INVENTION

The stone fruit picker according to the invention consists of a stable and a movable part. The trolley is movable in a straight line in a stationary frame back and forth for about 1 m in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the tractor. On the immovable frame, there is a fixed support frame on which there are openings, through which the axles pass through which the picker is connected to the tractor in three points. In the transport position, the picker is supported on the ground by one wheel, and in the working position by the slider.

The picker is driven by the tractor via a cardan transmission, which drives the oscillator, which drives the hydro-pump. In the hydraulic system of the hydro-pump there is an oil tank, hydraulic motor, distributors, hydraulic cylinder assemblies. cherry valve and oil cooler, and the lines in the system are made of reinforced hoses, while the entire drive of the picker system is hydraulic.

On its top, the cart carries several circularly arranged supports, on which one half of the receiving tarpaulin is attached on one and the other side of the picker, while each outer end of the tarpaulin is attached to the main supports. Between the end inner supports of one and the other half of the tarpaulin, a conveyor is placed on the end stable supports of which the inner ends of the tarpaulin are attached. The main supports are deliriously turned around their pivots, so that in one extreme position they are connected to each other, and in the other they are the farthest from each other. In the position when the main supports are closest to each other (joined), both sides of the tarpaulin are stretched, both between the tarpaulin supports, and between the tarpaulin supports and the main supports, and between the tarpaulin supports and the last stable supports, which belong to the conveyor. When moving, the main supports pull the tarpaulin behind them, and so do its supports, on which parts of the tarpaulin are attached. Both halves of the tarpaulin stretched in this way and a conveyor with a belt placed between them, on one part, form a basket in the shape of a hemmed pyramid envelope, into which the fruits fall during picking. When the main supports are spread apart, they push the tarpaulin supports so that they are folded together, as well as the tarpaulin parts, which represents the position of the picker for transport.

Rubber-coated clamping jaws are placed in the basket, slightly higher than the lower edge of the receiving tarpaulin, which clamp the tree trunk at a much higher height from the ground than is the case with harvesters known so far.

The hydro-pump drives the hydro-motor, and the hydro-motor drives the belt transmissions that drive the conveyor, i.e. the fan, which includes the oil cooler.

The freed fruit falls into the basket, is directed towards the conveyor belt of the conveyor and from the top of the conveyor belt falls through the channel into the crates placed on the crate carrier. The fruits are first exposed to the air current of the fan, which removes impurities such as leaves, dust and others. The grid placed at the top of the conveyor belt prevents the passage of any larger impurities to the underside, under the conveyor belt.

The crates into which the pureed fruit falls on the crate carrier are placed manually and, once filled, are also manually removed and placed on the ground.

The cycle of picking a fruit tree consists of pulling out a cart with the clamping jaws attached to the fruit tree and tightening the tree with the simultaneous stretching of the tarpaulin parts, forming a basket to receive the fruit and finally the cherries, which is performed by activating the hydro-cylinder assemblies and finally the fruit is cleaned and transferred via the conveyor belt to the crates.

After picking fruit from one tree, by deactivating the controls, the picker returns to the initial position, which completes one picking cycle, then it is transported to the next tree by tractor, pulling on the sliders, to repeat the cycle.

The main advantage of the picker according to the invention consists in the fact that its gripping height is 600 mm from the ground, which is significantly higher than the previously known solutions, and that the picker is placed behind the tractor, so that the moving part moves in a transverse direction in relation to the direction of movement of the tractor. At the same time, the harvesting efficiency of the picker according to the invention is greater than that of the ones known so far, and the price is 2.5 times less than the price of the KV-6V-GOŠA combine and about 7 times less than the price of the COROL-DUPON combine, while its overall dimensions, as well as the weight, are significantly less than the dimensions of the two mentioned combines. In this way, the inventive idea was finally realized.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAFT PICTURES

The invention is described in detail on the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing in which:

Figure 1 presents an axonometric view of a stone fruit picker

Figure 2 is a right side view of the stone fruit picker

Figure 3 is a top view of the stone fruit picker

Figure 4 is a front view of the stone fruit picker

Figure 5 represents a view of the stone fruit picker from the right side in the position when the moving part (with trolley) is extended to the end position in the stable part

(with frame)

Figure 6 presents an axonometric view of the stable part (with the frame) of the picker

stone fruit in an increased proportion

Figure 7 presents an axonometric view of the moving part (with trolley) of the picker

stone fruit in an increased proportion

Figure 8 presents an axonometric view (detail) of the central part (with cart) with mechanisms for clamping the tree, movement of the main supports (formation of the basket) and shaking in an enlarged scale

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The figures show a stone fruit picker according to the invention. The picker is designed to be connected to the tractor with standard connections behind the tractor, like any other attachment tool.

The stone fruit picker rests on the ground via slides 21 and 27. In the stationary frame 26, the mobile carriage 20 moves by activating the hydraulic cylinder assembly 10.

The conveyor 17 is connected to the mobile cart 20 and they represent a unit that moves together in the stationary frame 26.

The immovable frame 26 is made of standard steel U-profiles in which the mobile cart 20 is located, which is moved in a straight line back and forth for about 1 m in a direction transverse to the direction of movement of the tractor. trolley 20. The movable trolley 20 placed in the fixed frame 26 in this way is a unit with the hydro-cylinder assembly 10 and the fixed frame 26. A supporting frame 19 is fixed on the fixed frame 26. The supporting frame 19 has openings 29a and 30a in the lower part, and openings 31a in the upper part. Threaded pin 29 passes through openings 29a and the corresponding opening on the tractor at the same time, threaded pin 30 passes through openings 30a and the corresponding opening on the tractor at the same time, and pin 31 passes through openings 31a and the corresponding opening on the tractor at the same time (the corresponding openings on the tractor are not shown in the drawings). The threaded pins 29 and 30, as well as the pin 31, are secured against being pulled out of their corresponding holes 29a, 30a and 31a and from the corresponding holes on the tractor, when the picker is in the working position. The stone fruit picker is connected to the tractor at three points via threaded bolts 29 and 30 and pin 31 and their corresponding openings 29a, 30a and 31a and the openings on the tractor, so in the transport position the stone fruit picker rests on the ground via one wheel (not numbered in the drawings). In the working position, the support of the stone fruit picker on the ground is via sliders 21 and 27, which slide on the ground, and the transmission of power from the tractor to the stone fruit picker is achieved via cardan transmission 1.

The entire drive of the stone fruit picker was achieved by a tractor. The tractor drives the cardan transmission 1, where the cardan transmission 1 is fixedly placed on the stationary frame 26. The oscillator 2 is connected to the cardan transmission 1 on the one hand, and on the other side to the hydro-pump 3, whereby both the oscillator 2 and the hydro-pump 3 are also fixed on the stationary frame 26, as well as the oil tank 4. In the hydraulic system of the hydro-pump 3 there is also a cherry valve 15. When the oscillator 2 is driven by the cardan transmission 1, the number of revolutions of the tractor is multiplied by the oscillator 2, so that the number of revolutions of the camshaft (not shown in the drawings) of the oscillator 2 increases twice. The hydro pump 3 is driven by the camshaft (not shown in the drawings) of the oscillator 2, since the hydro pump 3 is connected by a coupling (not shown in the drawings) to the camshaft (not shown in the drawings) of the oscillator 2.

The mobile carriage 20 carries a number of circularly arranged supports 14 on its top. The support 14 is partially pivotable around its lower top. Each support 14 is attached to a corresponding pin (not numbered in the drawing images), whereby the axes of the pin (not numbered in the drawing images) and the support 14 close a certain obtuse angle to each other. Each pin (not numbered in the drawing images) is placed in a corresponding tube (not numbered in the drawing images) fixed to the mobile carriage 20, so in the assembly thus formed, the supports 14 partially rotate around their pins (not numbered in the drawing images) describing a part of the envelope of the cone, with a branch whose length is equal to the length of the support 14. On the supports 14 on one side of the stone fruit picker, one half is attached receiving tarpaulin 24, and on the supports 14 on the other side of the stone fruit picker, the second half of the receiving tarpaulin 24. where each outer end of the receiving tarpaulin 24 is attached to the main supports 28. Between the end internal supports 14 of one and the other half of the receiving tarpaulin 24, a conveyor 17 is placed, tilted towards the ground, which closes the space between those two halves of the receiving tarpaulin 24, since the inner ends of the receiving tarpaulin 24 are attached at the end stable supports (not numbered in the drawing images) of the conveyor 17. The main supports 28 partially rotate around their pivots (not numbered in the drawing images) so that in one end position they connect to each other, and in the other end position they are the farthest from each other. The drive for partial rotation of the main supports 28 is obtained from their respective assemblies of hydro cylinders 12 with which they are connected. In the position when the main supports 28 are closest to each other, both sides of the receiving tarpaulin 24 are stretched, both between the supports 14 and between the supports 14 and the main supports 28, as well as between the supports 14 and the end stable supports (not numbered in the drawings) of the conveyor 17, since the main supports 28 they pulled the reception tarpaulin 24 behind them, and also the supports 14, on which the parts of the reception tarpaulin 24 are attached. The two halves of the reception tarpaulin 24 stretched like this and the conveyor 17 placed between them, in one part, form a basket (not numbered separately in the pictures of the plan), in the form of a wrap of a multi-sided hemmed pyramid, into which the fruits fall during picking. When the main supports 28 are spread over the assemblies of hydro-cylinders 12, they simultaneously push the supports 14 so that they are arranged at the top next to each other, and thus the parts of the receiving tarpaulin 24 in the form of an accordion are also arranged at the same time, which represents the position of the stone fruit picker for transport.

Above the smaller imaginary base of the basket (not specifically numbered in the drawings) in the basket, slightly higher than the lower edge of the receiving tarp 24, the supports 22 of the clamping jaws 13 are placed on the support 23. The supports 22 of the clamping jaws 13 are partially rotatable around the pin 32 located in the support 33. Thus, by partially turning the support 22 around the pin 32 of the clamping jaws 13 approach and move away from each other, whereby the supports 22 slide on the support 23, due to which the contact surfaces between the supports 22 and the supports 23 are lubricated. The carriers 22 of the clamping jaws 13 are connected to each other via the hydro-cylinder assembly 11, so by activating or deactivating the hydro-cylinder assembly 11, the carriers 22 of the clamping jaws 13 move closer to each other, that is, they move away from each other, as well as the clamping and loosening of the fruit tree. In order to protect the tree, the clamping jaws 13 are covered with rubber.

Between the support 23 and one support 22 of the clamping jaws 13, the hydro cylinder assembly 16 is fixed, which connects the supports 22 and 23. By activating the cherry valve 15, the hydro cylinder assembly 16 for shaking and the oscillator 2, the fruit tree is shaken.

Since the oscillator 2 is connected to the cardan transmission 1 and to the hydraulic pump 3, when the cardan transmission 1 is started, the oscillator 2 and the hydro-pump 3 are started, which takes oil from the tank 4. The hydro-pump 3 drives the hydraulic motor 5, and the hydraulic motor 5 drives the belt transmission 6 and the belt transmission 25. The belt transmission 6 drives the conveyor 17, and the fan 7 is used to start the belt transmission 25. In the fan assembly 7 there is also an oil cooler (not separately numbered in the drawings), through which all the oil of the hydro-system of the stone fruit picker passes. The fan 7, in addition to cooling the oil, simultaneously creates an air current that purifies the peeled fruit before it enters the channel (not numbered in the drawings), which leads to the carrier 18 crates (not numbered in the drawings).

The hydraulic motor 5 supplies oil to the distributors 8 and 9 and returns it to the tank 4 via the cooler (not numbered separately in the pictures of the drawing). Activating the distributor 9 activates the hydraulic cylinder assembly 10 that drives the mobile cart 20, so that the mobile cart 20 partially exits the stationary frame 26. The mobile cart 20 exits the stationary frame 26 so much that the clamping jaws 13 come close to the fruit tree trunk. could include. By activating the distributor 8, the hydro-cylinder assembly 11 is activated, so the supports 22 of the clamping jaws 13 are partially turned, so that the clamping jaws 13 come close to each other so that they encompass and firmly clamp the tree trunk under the first branches of the tree. By activating the hydro-cylinder assemblies 12, the main supports 28 move closer to each other, and the receiving tarpaulin 24 is spread over the support 14 of the receiving tarpaulin 24, thus forming with the conveyor 17 a basket (not separately numbered in the drawings) for receiving the de-stemmed fruit.

By turning on the valve 15 of the cherry via the hydro-cylinder assembly 16 for cherry picking and the oscillator 2, the fruit tree tree shakes so that the plucked fruit falls into a basket (not numbered separately in the drawings) formed from parts of the receiving tarpaulin 24 and the conveyor 17, it is directed towards the conveyor 17, from where it is transported and from the top of the conveyor 17 falls through the channel (not numbered in the drawings) towards the carrier 18 crates (not numbered in the pictures of the drawing), which is placed laterally in relation to the conveyor 17. The freed fruits at the highest point of the conveyor 17 encounter an air current from the fan 1, which removes impurities such as leaves, dust and dirt. A grid (not shown in the drawings) placed at the top of the conveyor 17 prevents the passage of any larger impurities, such as twigs, to the lower side under the conveyor 17. On the conveyor belt of the conveyor 17, partitions (not numbered in the drawings) in the form of tiles are pasted across at a certain distance to prevent the peeled fruit from sliding in the opposite direction to the direction of movement of the conveyor belt 17.

Crates (not shown in the drawings) are manually placed on the support 18, into which the fruit, freed from unwanted admixtures, falls. The fruit-filled crates (not shown in the drawings) are also manually removed and placed on the ground.

When the stone fruit picker is delivered by tractor to the orchard, it is placed in the middle row and transferred from the transport position to the working position. The wheel of the stone fruit picker is released, raised and locked in that position, at the same time the picker rests on the ground via sliders 21 and 27. When moving the stone fruit picker to another fruit tree that is intended to be picked, the picker slides on the ground, also on sliders 21 and 27.

The whole cycle of shaking one fruit tree consists in pulling out the mobile cart 20 by activating the hydro-cylinder assembly 10, so that the clamping jaws 13 on the supports 22 come close to the fruit tree and by activating the hydro-cylinder assembly 11 tighten it tightly, and at the same time by activating the hydro-cylinder assemblies 12, the main supports 28 move closer to each other, pulling the supports 14, and the receiving tarpaulin is stretched. 24 forming a basket (not separately numbered in the drawings) for receiving the fruit and finally activating the cherry valve 15, the hydro-cylinder assembly 16 for shaking and the oscillator 2. the tree trunk shakes, the fruit falls into the basket

(not numbered separately in the pictures of the blueprints) and goes to the conveyor belt 17, from where it is carried to the crates (not numbered in the pictures of the blueprints) placed on the carrier 18.

After picking fruit from one tree by deactivating the controls, the stone fruit picker returns to its initial position, which completes one picking cycle, and the picker is transported to the next tree by tractor by pulling on sliders 21 and 27, in order to repeat the cycle the required number of times.

When constructing the picker according to the invention, domestic valid JUS standards from the field of mechanical engineering and metal industry (Branch M) were applied, and all elements from procurement, as well as purchased materials, were supplied with the necessary certificates.

The capacity of the harvester according to the invention is 3 to 6 trees/minute, if the trees are up to 6 years old, and 1.5 trees are 7 years old. The picker service consists of 4 to 5 people. The picker is most often attached to the DvlT 533 tractor.

Claims (9)

1. A stone fruit picker powered by a tractor via cardan transmission (1), resting on the ground, in a transport position over one wheel, and intended for picking fruit by shaking the tree trunk, collecting and cleaning fruit and filling packaging with fruit, i.e., the picker is placed behind the tractor to which it is connected in three points by means of threaded pins (29, 30) and a pin (31), where the pin (29) passes through the openings (29a), the pin (30) through the openings (30a) and the pin (31) through the openings (31a), whereby the openings (29a) and (30a) are made in the lower part of the supporting frame (19), while the openings (31a) are made in the upper part of the supporting frame (19); which is a moving cart (20) placed in a stationary frame (26) and moving together with the conveyor (17) in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the tractor; that the supports (22) of the clamping jaws (13) are mounted on the pin (32) located in the support (33) and placed, in height, above the lowest parts of the receiving tarpaulin (24) and the conveyor (17); that the supports (22) of the clamping jaws (13) are slidably supported on the support (23); that the main supports (28) and supports (14) of the receiving tarpaulin (24) are placed on the mobile trolley (20) and that the support (23) is connected to one support (22) of the clamping jaws (13) via the hydro-cylinder assembly (16). 2. Stone fruit picker according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that between the main supports (28), the supports (14) and the immovable part of the conveyor (17), a receiving tarpaulin (24) is stretched. 3. Stone fruit picker according to claim 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the receiving tarpaulin is firmly connected to the main supports (28), supports (14) and the immovable part of the conveyor (17). 4. Stone fruit picker according to claim 1, 2 and 3, characterized by the fact that the supports (14) and the main supports (28) are partially rotatable in their seats. 5. Stone fruit picker according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the supports (22) of the clamping jaws (13) are partially rotatable around the pin (32). 6. Stone fruit picker according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the mobile cart (20) is connected to the stationary frame (26) via the hydro-cylinder assembly (10). 7. Stone fruit picker according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the mobile cart (20) is connected to the main supports (28) via the hydro-cylinder assembly (12). 8. Stone fruit picker according to claim 1, characterized in that the supports (22) are connected to each other via the hydro-cylinder assembly (11), 9. The stone fruit picker according to claim 1. indicates n t i m e, which is the picker in the working position resting on the ground via the slider (21, 27).