RO126033A2 - Installation and process for producing thermal and electrical power - Google Patents

Installation and process for producing thermal and electrical power Download PDF

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Publication number
RO126033A2
RO126033A2 ROA200900457A RO200900457A RO126033A2 RO 126033 A2 RO126033 A2 RO 126033A2 RO A200900457 A ROA200900457 A RO A200900457A RO 200900457 A RO200900457 A RO 200900457A RO 126033 A2 RO126033 A2 RO 126033A2
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RO
Romania
Prior art keywords
pipe
turbine
water
steam
reactor
Prior art date
Application number
ROA200900457A
Other languages
Romanian (ro)
Inventor
Vasile Muscalu
Original Assignee
Vasile Muscalu
Bucur Viorel
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vasile Muscalu, Bucur Viorel filed Critical Vasile Muscalu
Priority to ROA200900457A priority Critical patent/RO126033A2/en
Priority to PCT/RO2009/000018 priority patent/WO2010151163A2/en
Publication of RO126033A2 publication Critical patent/RO126033A2/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/16—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being hot liquid or hot vapour, e.g. waste liquid, waste vapour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
    • F22B1/284—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically with water in reservoirs
    • F22B1/285—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically with water in reservoirs the water being fed by a pump to the reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/40—Gasification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
    • F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
    • F23G2206/203—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an installation and to a process for producing thermal and electrical power. The claimed installation comprises some chambers (a) of some reactors (A) wherefrom the steam is removed through some pipes (62) whereon there are mounted some electric valves (63) connected to a short collector (64) which communicates with a turbine (65), driving an electric current generator (66), to the turbine (65) there being connected a pipe (67) linked to a heat exchanger (68) connected to the pipe (71) wherethrough the recirculation water from the chamber (a) of the first reactor (A) is introduced from a pipe (69) connected to the first reactor (A) and passed through a cooler (72), being sucked by a pump (74) and pushed through a pipe (75) in a sewage water supplying pipe (17), a boiler (49) being linked by means of a pipe (53) to a turbine (54) which drives an electric current generator (55), to the turbine (54) there being connected a pipe (57) which is connected to the heat exchanger (58) whereto there is mounted a pipe (59) connected to the boiler (49). The claimed process consists in that the steam at a temperature of 200...300°C in chambers (a) of the reactors (A) is discharged and circulated through some pipes (62) having mounted some electrical valves (63) up to a collector (64) which supplies the turbine (65) wherein the thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy in a generator (66) and supplied to some consumers, thereafter a part of the thermal energy resulting from the steam coming from turbine (65) is released to the domestic water which is heated to 80...90°C, the water in the exchanger (68) is cooled down to 50...60°C and reintroduced into the chamber (a) of the first reactor (A) and the steam supplied by the boiler (49) at 300...400°C is passed through the turbine (54).

Description

Invenția se refera la o instalație si un procedeu pentru obținerea de energie termica si electrica prin folosirea energiei conținute in apa de canalizare in special din cea provenita din activitati industriale sau menajere.The invention relates to an installation and a process for obtaining thermal and electrical energy by using the energy contained in the sewage water, especially from the one coming from industrial or household activities.

In prezent se cunoaște faptul ca energia electrica este obtinuta prin transformarea energiei hidraulice, eoliene sau termice in energie electrica, ceea ce presupune construcția unor amenajari pe suprafețe relative întinse pentru captarea apei sau construcții ridicate pe verticala pentru captarea energiei eoliene sau construcția unor baterii de cazane in care este ars in general combustibil solid sau amestecuri dintre acesta si combustibili lichid sau gazos ceea ce conduce la acumulări mari de steril concomitant cu emiterea in atmosfera a unor cantitati inseminate de noxe.At present, it is known that electricity is obtained by converting hydraulic, wind or thermal energy into electricity, which implies the construction of arrangements on relatively large areas to capture water or high vertical constructions to capture wind energy or the construction of boiler batteries. in which solid fuel or mixtures thereof and liquid or gaseous fuels are generally burnt which leads to large accumulations of sterile concomitant with the emission in the atmosphere of inseminated quantities of pollutants.

Problema o rezolva invențiile din grupul de invenții consta in asigurarea tratării apei menajere concomitant cu obținerea de energie termica si electrica.The problem solved by the inventions of the group of inventions consisted in ensuring the treatment of the domestic water concomitant with the obtaining of thermal and electrical energy.

Instalația conform invenției înlătură dezavantajele aratate mai înainte prin aceea ca aburul din niște camere ale unor reactoare este evacuat prin niște conducte avand montate in cuprins niște electrovalve racordate la un colector scurt aflat in legătură cu o turbina care antrenează un generator de curent electric, la turbina fiind racordata o conducta aflata in legătură cu un schimbător de căldură la care este racordata conducta prin care apa de recirculare din camera primului reactor este introdusa dintr-o conducta racordata la primul reactor si trecuta printr-un racitor, din care este aspirata de o pompa si împinsă printr-o conducta in conducta de alimentare cu apa de canalizare, de ultimul reactor fiind racordata o alta conducta de recirculare a apei printr-un alt racitor, din care apa este împinsă de către o alta pompa, printr-o alta conducta, in conducta de alimentare cu apa de canalizare a camerei acestui reactor, cazanul fiind in legătură printr-o conducta, cu o turbina care antrenează un generator de curentThe installation according to the invention removes the disadvantages shown above by the fact that the steam in some rooms of some reactors is discharged by means of pipes having contained in solenoid valves connected to a short collector connected to a turbine that drives an electric current generator, to the turbine. being connected a pipe connected to a heat exchanger to which is connected the pipe through which the recirculating water from the chamber of the first reactor is introduced from a pipe connected to the first reactor and passed through a cooler, from which it is sucked by a pump and pushed through a pipe in the sewage water supply pipeline, the last reactor being connected to another water recirculation pipe through another cooler, from which the water is pushed by another pump, through another pipe, in the water supply pipe of the room of this reactor, the boiler being connected by a pipe you, with a turbine that drives a current generator

-1POHCIUL DE STAT PENTRU INVENȚII Șl MĂRCI-1 THE STATE POINT FOR INVENTIONS THE MARK

0--2 0 0 9 - 0 0 4 57-- 10--2 0 0 9 - 0 0 4 57-- 1

8 -06- 2009 electric, de turbina fiind racordata o conducta care face legătură cu un schimbător de căldură la care este montata o conducta aflata in comunicare cu cazanul.8 -06- 2009 electrically, by the turbine being connected a pipe that connects with a heat exchanger to which is mounted a pipe that is in communication with the boiler.

Procedeul conform invenției înlătură dezavantajele aratate mai înainte prin aceea ca aburul la o temperatura de 200,..300°C din camerele reactoarelor este evacuat din acestea si vehiculat prin niște conducte avand montate in cuprins niște electrovalve pana intr-un colector care alimentează o turbina, in care energia termica este trasformata in energie mecanica, care, la rândul ei, este transformata in energie electrica, intr-un generator, si furnizata unor consumatori după care, o parte din energia termica rezultata din aburul provenit din turbina este cedata apei manajere care este încălzită pana la o temperatura de 8O...9O°C si in continuare, apa din schimbătorul de căldură este răcită pana la o temperatura de 5O...6O°C si reintrodusa in camera primului reactor împreuna cu apa recirculata din acesta, aburul la o temperatura de 300,..400°C furnizat de cazan fiind trecut printr-o alta turbina, in care energia termica este transformata in energie mecanica care la rândul ei este transformata in energie electrica intr-un alt generator si furnizata unor consumatori, după care o parte din energia termica rezultata din aburul provenit din turbina este cedata apei menajere, care este încălzită pana la o temperatura de 100...120°C si in continuare apa este reintrodusa in cazan .The process according to the invention removes the disadvantages shown above by the fact that the steam at a temperature of 200, 300 ° C from the reactor chambers is discharged from them and conveyed by means of pipes having contained in some solenoid valves up to a manifold that supplies a turbine. , in which the thermal energy is transformed into mechanical energy, which, in turn, is transformed into electricity, into a generator, and supplied to consumers after which, part of the thermal energy resulting from the steam from the turbine is transferred to the waste water. which is heated to a temperature of 8O ... 9O ° C and further, the water in the heat exchanger is cooled to a temperature of 5O ... 6O ° C and re-introduced into the chamber of the first reactor together with the recirculated water therein , the steam at a temperature of 300, .. 400 ° C supplied by the boiler being passed through another turbine, in which the thermal energy is transformed into mechanical energy which at In turn, it is transformed into electricity in another generator and supplied to consumers, after which part of the thermal energy resulting from the steam from the turbine is transferred to the domestic water, which is heated to a temperature of 100 ... 120 ° C and then the water is brought back into the boiler.

Instalația si procedeul conform invenției prezintă următoarele avantaje :The installation and process according to the invention have the following advantages:

* asigura obținerea de energie termica si electrica cu un consum minim de energie electrica;* ensures the obtaining of thermal and electrical energy with a minimum consumption of electricity;

* nu se produc noxe care sa polueze mediul ambient;* no pollutants are produced that pollute the environment;

* materia prima supusa tratării cu energie electrica devine nepoluanta in final;* the raw material subjected to the treatment with electrical energy becomes non-polluting in the end;

* nu necesita spatii amenajate pentru depozitarea materiei prime tratate;* does not require spaces arranged for the storage of the treated raw material;

* ușor de aplicat in orice zona;* easy to apply in any area;

* funcționează in flux continuu si nu necesita un număr relative mare de operator umani comanda fiind automatizata;* works in a continuous flow and does not require a relatively large number of human operators, the order being automated;

-2Ck- 2 Ο Ο 9 - Ο ο 4 5 7 - 1 8 -06- 2009-2Ck- 2 Ο Ο 9 - Ο ο 4 5 7 - 1 8 -06- 2009

Se dau in continuare cate un exemplu de realizare a instalației si a procedeului conform invențiilor din grupul de invenții in legătură cu fig. 1... care reprezintă :The following is an example of an embodiment of the installation and the process according to the inventions of the group of inventions in connection with FIG. 1 ... which represents:

* fig. 1., schema bloc a unei instalații conform invenției;* fig. 1., the block diagram of an installation according to the invention;

* fig.2.,secțiune plan vertical;* fig.2., vertical plane section;

* fig 3., electrod central* fig. 3, central electrode

Instalația conform invenției cuprinde niște reactoare A dispuse in plan vertical prevăzute fiecare cu cate o manta 1 care delimitează o camera in care sunt plasați niște electrozi 2, 3 si 4 central si laterali anterior si posterior alimentați cu energie electrica si deplasați cu ajutorul unor motoare 5, 6 si 7 electrice, conform unui program de calculator montat intr-un tablou 8 de comanda secundar.The installation according to the invention comprises reactors A arranged vertically provided each with a casing 1 which delimits a chamber in which some electrodes 2, 3 and 4 are centrally placed and the front and rear are powered by electricity and moved by means of motors 5 , 6 and 7 electric, according to a computer program mounted in a secondary control panel 8.

In legătură cu mantaua 1 sunt montati niște senzori 9, 10 si 11 de nivel, de temperatura si respectiv, de presiune, mantaua 1 are niște racorduri 12, 13, 14, 15 si 16 pentru alimentare cu apa evacuare gaz, recirculare apa si respectiv, evacuare apa. De racordul 12 este fixata o conducta 17 de alimentare cu apa de canalizare a camerelor a, avand montate in cuprins niște electrovalve 18 si 19, la aceasta fiind racordata o conducta 20, avand montata in cuprins o electrovalva 21 de împingere cu ajutorul unei pompe 22 a apei aspirate dintr-un bazin 24 închis in care printr-o conducta 25 avand montata in cuprins o electrovalva 26 este împinsă de către o pompa 27 apa de canalizare aspirata printr-o conducta 28 avand montata in cuprins o electrovalva 29.In connection with casing 1 there are mounted sensors 9, 10 and 11 of level, temperature and pressure, respectively, casing 1 has some connections 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 for water supply gas, water recirculation and respectively , water drainage. Connecting 12 is fixed a pipe 17 for supplying sewage water to chambers a, having installed in solenoid valves 18 and 19, to this being connected a conduit 20, having mounted in a solenoid valve 21 by means of a pump 22 of the suction water from a closed basin 24 in which through a pipe 25 having a solenoid valve 26 contained is pushed by a pump 27 the sewage water aspirated through a pipe 28 having a solenoid valve 29 contained therein.

De racordul 13 este fixată o conducta 30, care face legătură cu un filtru 31 separator de abur de gaz din care, printr-o conducta 32 avand montata in cuprins o electrovalva 33, este aspirat gazul de către un compressor 34 si împins printr-o conducta 35 avand montata in cuprins o electrovalva 36 intr-un rezervor 37 aflat in legătură printr-o conducta 38 avand montata in cuprins o electrovalva 39 cu un colector 40 avand montate in cuprins niște electrovalva 41 si 42. De asemenea, rezervorul 37 este in legătură printr-o conducta 43 avand montata in cuprins o electrovalva 44 cu un generator 45 de curent electric de la care printr-un circuit 46 electric este alimentat tabloul 8, precum si un tablou 47 general de comanda si supraveghere automata a întregii funcționari a instalației, situație neredata in figuri, si oA pipe 30 is connected to the connection 13, which connects to a gas vapor separator filter 31 from which, through a pipe 32 having a solenoid valve 33 contained in it, the gas is sucked in by a compressor 34 and pushed through a pipe 35 having a solenoid valve 36 contained in a reservoir 37 connected by a pipe 38 having a solenoid valve 39 contained with a manifold 40 having a solenoid valve 41 and 42 contained therein. connection through a pipe 43 having contained in an electrovalve 44 with a generator 45 of electric current from which through an electrical circuit 46 is supplied panel 8, as well as a general panel 47 for automatic control and supervision of the entire operation of the installation , situation not shown in the figures, and a

-3^-2 0 0 9 - 0 0 4 5 7 -- *-3 ^ -2 0 0 9 - 0 0 4 5 7 - *

8 -06-' 2009 baterie 48 de acumulatoare. Gazul din colectorul 42 este condus intr-un focar al unui cazan 49 care produce abur la o temperatura de 300.. ,400°C.8 -06- '2009 battery 48 batteries. The gas in the manifold 42 is driven into a furnace of a boiler 49 which produces steam at a temperature of 300, 400 ° C.

In legătură cu un cos 50 de fum al cazanului 49 sunt montate niște economizoare B alimentate cu abur printr-o conducta 51 avand montate in cuprins o electrovalva 52 racordata la o conducta 53 principala de alimentare cu abur direct din cazanul 49 a unei turbine 54 care actioneaza un generator 55 de energie electrica, in conducta 53 fiind montata o electrovalva 56. Aburul din turbina 54 este condus printr-o conducta 57 intr-un schimbător 58 de căldură din care se obține apa calda menajera la o temperatura de 100... 120°C, apa calda rezultata din schimbătorul 58 fiind reintrodusa printr-o conducta 59 in cazanul 49. Din economizoarele B rezulta gaz care printr-o conducta 60 avand montata in cuprins o electrovalva 61 este introdus in focarul cazanului 49.In connection with a chimney 50 of the boiler 49, some steam generators B are fitted through a pipe 51 having in the contents a solenoid valve 52 connected to a main pipe 53 of steam supply directly from the boiler 49 of a turbine 54 which it operates a generator 55 of electricity, in the pipe 53 an electrovalve 56 is mounted. The steam in the turbine 54 is driven through a pipe 57 in a 58 heat exchanger from which the domestic hot water is obtained at a temperature of 100 ... 120 ° C, the hot water resulting from the exchanger 58 being reintroduced through a pipe 59 in the boiler 49. From the economizers B is the gas which through a pipe 60 having a solenoid valve 61 contained is introduced into the boiler furnace 49.

De racordul 14 este racordata o conducta 62 avand montata in cuprins o electrovalva 63 prin care aburul din camera a la o temperatura de 200...300°C, este introdus intr-un colector 64 scurt la care este racordata si cealata conducta 62 prin care este evacuat aburul din camera a, a celuilalt reactor A, colectorul 64 este racordat la o turbina 65 cu palete, care actioneaza un generator 66 de current electric care este furnizat spre consum printr-o conducta 67 aburul este vehiculat din turbine 65 intr-un schimbător 68 de căldură, din care rezulta apa menajera la o temperatura de 8O...9O°C. De racordul 15 este fixată o conducta 69, avand montata in cuprins o electrovalva 70 la care este racordata o conducta 71 prin care apa de recirculatie din camerele a este trecuta printr-un racitor 72 din care printr-o conducta 73 este aspirata de o pompa 74 si împinsă printr-o conducta 75 avand montata in cuprins o electrovalva 76 in conducta 17 in aval de electrovalvele 18 si 19. Apa din schimbătorul 68 de căldură este vehiculata prin conducta 71 prin racitorul 72 împreuna cu apa de circulație vehiculata prin conducta 69 provenita din camera a a primului reactor A.By the connection 14 is connected a pipe 62 having mounted in a solenoid valve 63 through which the steam in the room has a temperature of 200 ... 300 ° C, is introduced in a short collector 64 to which is connected and the other pipe 62 through that the steam is discharged from room a, of the other reactor A, the collector 64 is connected to a turbine 65 with blades, which actuates a generator 66 of electric current which is supplied for consumption through a pipe 67 the steam is driven from turbine 65 in the a 68 heat exchanger, from which the domestic water results in a temperature of 8O ... 9O ° C. The pipe 15 is connected by a pipe 69, having in its contents an solenoid valve 70 to which is connected a pipe 71 through which the recirculating water in the chambers a is passed through a cooler 72 from which through a pipe 73 is sucked by a pump. 74 and pushed through a pipe 75 having a solenoid valve 76 contained in the pipe 17 downstream of the solenoid valves 18 and 19. The water from the heat exchanger 68 is conveyed through the pipe 71 through the cooler 72 together with the circulating water conveyed through the pipe 69 provided. from the room of the first reactor A.

De racordul 16 este racordata o conducta 77 aflata in legătură cu un filtru 78 pentru reținerea cărbunelui din care apa este aspirata printr-o conducta 79 avand montata in cuprins o electrovalva 80 de către o pompa 81, care o împinge printr-o conducta 82 avand montata in cuprins electrovalva 83 in bazinul 24. Apa de golire din camera a a celuilalt reactor este evacuată prin conducta 79 pana intr-o conducta 84 de colectare racordata la conducta 79 prinConnection 16 is connected to a pipe 77 connected to a filter 78 for retaining the coal from which the water is sucked through a pipe 79 having an electrovalve 80 installed in the container 80 by a pump 81, which pushes it through a pipe 82 having mounted in solenoid valve 83 in basin 24. The drainage water from the room of the other reactor is drained through pipe 79 to a collection pipe 84 connected to pipe 79 through

(X 2 0 Ο 9 - Ο Ο 4 5 7 - 1 8 -06- 2009 care este golita apa din camera a a primului reactor, in aval de pompa 81 si in amonte de electrovalva 80.(X 2 0 Ο 9 - Ο Ο 4 5 7 - 1 8 -06- 2009 which is draining the water from the chamber of the first reactor, downstream of pump 81 and upstream of solenoid valve 80.

Electrodul 2 este fixat pe un ax 85 realizat de preferința din otel inox alimentat cu energie electrica prin intermediul unor perii 86. Axul 85 străbate mantaua 1 prin intermediul unei presetupe 87 de etansare si in exteriorul mantalei 1 este fixata de axul 85 o roata 88 melcata care angrenează cu un melc 89 rotit de către un motor 90 electric fixat cu ajutorul unor șuruburi 91 pe o placa 92 mobila. De mantaua 1 este fixata o placa 93 verticala de care sunt prinse doua ghidaje 94 si 95 in lungul carora placa 92 poate fi deplasata prin intermediul unor cuple 96 de ghidare cu bile. De axul 85 este fixata o piulița 97 care la rândul ei angrenează cu un șurub 98 cu filet cu pas mare antrenat in mișcare de rotatie de către un motor 5 electric, susținut de către o placa 99 orizontala fixata de placa 93. Piulița 97 este ghidata inferior de către o cupla 100 cu bile montata in legătură cu doua bare 101 fixate la capete de placa 99.The electrode 2 is fixed on a shaft 85, preferably made of stainless steel, which is supplied with electricity by means of brushes 86. The shaft 85 passes through the casing 1 by means of a sealing cable 87 and on the outside of the shaft 1 is fixed by the shaft 85 a screw 88 wheel. which engages with a snail 89 rotated by an electric motor 90 fixed by means of screws 91 on a movable plate 92. The shelf 1 is fixed to a vertical plate 93 from which two guides 94 and 95 are attached along which the plate 92 can be moved by means of ball guide guides 96. On the shaft 85 is fixed a nut 97 which in turn engages with a screw 98 with a large pitch thread driven in rotational motion by an electric motor 5, supported by a horizontal plate 99 fixed by the plate 93. The nut 97 is guided lower by a ball joint 100 mounted in connection with two bars 101 fixed at the ends of plate 99.

Electrozii 3 si 4 sunt montati pe cate una dintre niște axe 102 si 103 care sunt in legătură cu o sursa de energie electrica si care strabat mantaua 1 prin intermediul unor presetupe 104 si 105 si care pot fi deplasate in plan orizontal cu ajutorul uneia din niște piulițe 106 si 107 care angrenează cu unul dintre niște șuruburi 108 si 109 cu filet cu pas mare antrenat la rândul lui in mișcare de rotatie de către unul dintre niște motoare 6 si 7 electrice. Acestea din urma sunt susținute de către una dintre niște placi 110 si 111 verticale fixate de mantaua 1. De plăcile 110 si 111 sunt fixate la capete niște perechi de bare 112 si 113 orizontale, cu care sunt in contact inferior piulițele 106 si 107.The electrodes 3 and 4 are mounted on one of the axes 102 and 103 which are connected to an electricity source and which cross the casing 1 through cable glands 104 and 105 and which can be moved horizontally with the help of one of some nuts 106 and 107 which engage with one of the screws 108 and 109 with a thread with a large pitch driven in turn in rotational motion by one of some electric motors 6 and 7. The latter are supported by one of the vertical plates 110 and 111 fixed by the casing 1. The pairs 110 and 111 are fixed at the ends with pairs of horizontal bars 112 and 113, with which the nuts 106 and 107 are in contact.

Procedeul conform invenției aplicat in cadrul instalației cuprinde introducerea simultana a apei de canal in camerele a reactoarelor A pana la atingerea nivelului prescris a cărei valoare este data de senzorul 9 si menținerea acestui nivel in permanenta, după care electrozii 2, 3 si 4 sunt alimentați cu energie electrica prin intermediul tabloului 47 de comanda general iar motoarele 5, 6 si 7 sunt alimentate cu energie electrica prin intermediul tabloului 8. Astfel in camerele a intre electrozii 2, 3 si 4 se produc descărcări electrice ca urmare a alimentarii acestora cu curent electric cu o tensiune de 50...200 V si o intensitate de 200...1500 A care generează un gaz, care are următoarea compoziție: H2, C02, N2, H2O. în acest sens, în cadrul unui raport de analiză numărul 104 04.07.2008, efectuat de către Institutul Național deThe process according to the invention applied within the installation comprises the simultaneous introduction of the channel water into the rooms of the reactors A until the prescribed level is reached, the value of which is given by the sensor 9 and maintaining this level permanently, after which the electrodes 2, 3 and 4 are supplied with electricity through the general control panel 47 and the motors 5, 6 and 7 are supplied with electricity through the table 8. Thus, in the rooms between the electrodes 2, 3 and 4, electric discharges occur as a result of their power supply with a voltage of 50 ... 200 V and an intensity of 200 ... 1500 A which generates a gas, which has the following composition: H 2 , C0 2 , N 2 , H 2 O. In this regard, in a report of analysis number 104 04.07.2008, carried out by the National Institute of

-5^2 0 0 9 - 00457-1 8 -06- 2009-5 ^ 2 0 0 9 - 00457-1 8 -06- 2009

Cercetare si Dezvoltare pentru Tehnologii Criogenice și Izotopice I.C.S.I. Râmnicu-Valcea, a fost determinata următoarea compoziție: 50,13% vol.H; 7,9% vol.CO2; 37,7 % vol.O2; 7,3% vol.N2; și o valoare a punctului de rouă -15°C.Research and Development for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies ICSI Râmnicu-Valcea, the following composition was determined: 50.13% vol.H; 7.9% vol. CO 2 ; 37.7% vol.O 2 ; 7.3% vol. N 2 ; and a dew point value of -15 ° C.

Gazul este colectat din camerele a, împreuna cu aburul si separat de acesta in urma filtrării lui in filtrele 31 de separare a gazului de abur, aburul rezultat fiind reintrodus in camerele a, iar gazul este comprimat de către compresoarele 34 pana la o presiune de 100...250 Bar si înmagazinat in vederea alimentarii generatoarelor 45 de curent electric pentru consum in cadrul instalației si respectiv a unui focar al cazanului 49 pentru producerea aburului la o temperatura de 300...400°C. Acest abur este trecut printr-o turbina 54 cu palete care antrenează un generator 55 de curent electric furnizat unor consumatori externi.The gas is collected from the chambers a, together with the steam and separated from it by its filtration in the filters 31 separating the steam gas, the resulting steam being re-introduced into the chambers a, and the gas is compressed by the compressors 34 up to a pressure of 100 ... 250 Bar and stored in order to supply 45 electricity generators for consumption within the installation and respectively of a boiler outbreak 49 for steam production at a temperature of 300 ... 400 ° C. This steam is passed through a turbine 54 with blades that drive a generator 55 of electricity supplied to external consumers.

O parte din aburul la o temperatura de 300...400°C este circulat prin economizoarele B pentru obținerea de gaz care conține numai hidrogen si oxigen si care este injectat in focarul cazanului 49.Part of the steam at a temperature of 300 ... 400 ° C is circulated through the economizers B for obtaining gas which contains only hydrogen and oxygen and which is injected into the boiler furnace 49.

Apa din camerele a poate fi evacuata prin conductele 77 trecuta prin filtrele 78 pentru reținerea cărbunelui si vehiculata prin conductele 79 si prin conducta 84 colectoare fiind aspirata de pompa 81 si împinsă prin conducta 82 avand electrovalva 83 deschisa in bazinul 24. Apa din camera a este recirculata permanent prin conductele 69 avand electrovalvele 70 deschise prin racitoarele 72 si aspirate prin conductele 73 de către pompele 74 care le împing prin coductele 75 si conducta 17 avand electrovalvele 18 si 19 închise si electrovalvele 76 deschise in camerele a.The water from the rooms a can be drained through the pipes 77 passed through the filters 78 to retain the coal and conveyed through the pipes 79 and through the collector pipe 84 being sucked by the pump 81 and pushed through the pipe 82 having solenoid valve 83 open in the basin 24. The water in the room a is permanently recirculated through the pipes 69 having solenoid valves 70 open through the coolers 72 and suction through the pipes 73 by the pumps 74 which push them through the pipes 75 and the pipe 17 having solenoid valves 18 and 19 closed and solenoid valves 76 open in chambers a.

Aburul la o temperatura 200,..300°C din camerele a este evacuat prin conductele 62 cu electrovalvele 63 deschise in colectorul 64 prin care este alimentata cu abur o turbina 65 cu palete care antrenează un generator 66 de curent electric pentru consumatori externi, iar aburul care iese din turbina 65 cedeaza căldură intr-un schimbător 68 de căldură apei menajere, care are o temperatura 8O...9O°C, după care este trecuta prin conducta 71 si printrun racitor 72 împreuna cu apa de circulație vehiculata prin conducta 69 din camera a a primului reactor A .The steam at a temperature of 200, .. 300 ° C from the chambers a is discharged through the pipes 62 with solenoid valves 63 open in the manifold 64 through which a turbine 65 with blades is fed by steam which drives a generator 66 of electricity for external consumers, and the steam leaving the turbine 65 gives off heat in a heat exchanger 68 to the domestic water, which has a temperature of 8O ... 9O ° C, after which it is passed through the pipe 71 and through a cooler 72 together with the circulating water conveyed through the pipe 69 from the room of the first reactor A.

Claims (2)

REVENDICĂRI 1 .Instalație pentru obținerea energiei termice si electrice, care cuprinde un bazin pentru stocarea apei, niște reactoare prevăzute cu niște camere in care sunt plasați niște electrozi acționați de niște motoare electrice in legătură cu reactoarele fiind montați niște senzori de nivel, de temperatura si de presiune, precum si niște conducte de colectare a gazului umed care este depărat in niște filtre din care este aspirat prin niște conducte de către niște compresoare care îl împing in niște rezervoare aflate in legătură prin niște conducte cu niște generatoare de curent electric pentru consum in cadrul instalației si respectiv, cu un colector racordat la un cazan cu abur prevăzut cu un cos de fiim, in interiorul căruia sunt montate niște economizoare, de reactor fiind racordate o conducta de alimentare cu apa de canal simultan a camerelor reactoarelor, precum si niște conducte prin care apa evacuata periodic din camere este trecute prin niște filtre de reținere a cărbunelui aspirata de o pompa si împinsă in bazin, comanda motoarelor electrice de acționare a electrozilor fiind data de ala un tablou de comandă secundar, iar de la un tablou de comanda general fiind acționate si supravegheate toate electrovalvele, senzorii funcționarea generatoarelor de curent electric, a compresoarelor, a pompelor si a celorlalte accesorii ale instalației caracterizata prin aceea ca aburul din camerele (a) reactoarelor(A) este evacuat prin niște conducte (62) având montate in cuprins niște electrovalve (63) racordate la un colector (64) scurt, aflat in legătură cu o turbina (65) care antrenează un generator (66) de curent electric, de turbina(65) fiind racordata o conducta (67) aflata in legătură cu un schimbător (68) de căldură la care este racordata conducta (71) prin care apa de recirculare din camera (a) primului reactor(A) este introdusa dintr-o conducta (69) racordata la primul reactor(A) si trecuta printr-un răcitor (72) din care este aspirata de o pompa (74) si împinsă printr-o conducta (75) in conducta (17) de alimentare cu apa de (X- 2 Ο Ο 9 - ο Ο 4 5 7 - 1 8 -06- 2009 canalizare amintita, de ultimul reactor(A) fiind racordata o alta conducta (69) de recirculare a apei printr-un alt răcitor (72) din care apa este împinsă de către o alta pompa (74) printr-o alta conducta (75), in conducta (17) de alimentare cu apa de canalizare a camerei (a) acestui reactor (A), cazanul (49) fiind in legătură printr-o conducta (53) cu o turbina (54) care antrenează un generator (55) de curent electric, de turbina (54) fiind racordata o conducta (57) care face legătura cu un schimbător (58) de căldură la care este montata o conducta (59) aflata in comunicare cu cazanul (49).1 .Installation for obtaining the thermal and electrical energy, which includes a basin for water storage, reactors provided with rooms in which electrodes actuated by electric motors connected to the reactors are installed, some sensors of level, temperature and temperature are installed. pressure, as well as some wet gas collection pipes that are separated in some filters from which it is sucked in by some pipes by some compressors that push it into some tanks connected through some pipes with some electricity generators for consumption within the framework. the installation and, respectively, with a manifold connected to a steam boiler provided with a chimney, inside which are mounted some economizers, the reactor being connected a pipe with water supply of simultaneous channel of the reactor rooms, as well as some pipes through which the water periodically drained from the rooms is passed through some filters for coal retention sucked by a pump and pushed into the basin, the control of the electric motors for actuating the electrodes is given by a secondary control panel, and from a general control panel all the solenoid valves are actuated and supervised, the sensors operating the current generators electric, compressors, pumps and other accessories of the installation, characterized in that the steam in the rooms (a) of the reactors (A) is discharged by means of pipes (62) having mounted in solenoid valves (63) connected to a collector (64 ) short, connected to a turbine (65) which drives a generator (66) of electricity, the turbine (65) being connected to a pipe (67) connected to a heat exchanger (68) to which it is connected the pipe (71) through which the recirculating water from the chamber (a) of the first reactor (A) is introduced from a pipe (69) connected to the first reactor (A) and passed through a cooler (72) d in which it is sucked by a pump (74) and pushed through a pipe (75) into the water supply pipe (17) (X- 2 Ο Ο 9 - ο Ο 4 5 7 - 1 8 -06- 2009 sewage mentioned, by the last reactor (A) being connected another pipe (69) for recirculating the water through another cooler (72) from which the water is pushed by another pump (74) through another pipe (75), in the pipe water supply pipe (17) of the chamber (a) of this reactor (A), the boiler (49) being connected by a pipe (53) to a turbine (54) which drives a generator (55) of electric current, the turbine (54) being connected to a pipe (57) which connects to a heat exchanger (58) to which is installed a pipe (59) in communication with the boiler (49). 2.Procedeu pentru obținerea energiei termice si electrice aplicat in cadrul instalației conform revendicării 1 caracterizata prin aceea ca aburul la o temperatura de2. Process for obtaining the thermal and electrical energy applied in the installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the steam at a temperature of 200.. .300°C din camerele (a) reactoarelor (A) este evacuat din acestea si vehiculat prin niște conducte(62) având montate in cuprins niște electrovalve (63) pana intr-un colector (64) care alimentează o turbina (65) in care energia termica este transformată in energie mecanica, care la rândul ei, este transformata in energie electrica intr-un generator (66) si furnizata unor consumatori după care o parte din energia termica rezultata din aburul provenit din turbina (65) este cedata apei manajere, care este încălzită pana la o temperatura de 8O...9O°C si in continuare, apa din schimbătorul (68) de căldură este răcită pana la o temperatura de 5O...6O°C si reintrodusa in camera (a) primului reactor (A), împreună cu apa recirculată din acesta, aburul la o temperatura de 300...400°C furnizat de cazan (49) fiind trecut printr-o alta turbina (54) in care energia termica este transformata in energie mecanica care la rândul ei este transformata in energie electrica intr-un alt generator (55) si furnizata unor consumatori, după care o parte din energia termica rezultata din aburul provenit din turbina (54) este cedata apei menajere care este încălzită pana la o temperatura de200 .. .300 ° C from the rooms (a) of the reactors (A) is discharged from them and conveyed by means of pipes (62) having mounted in solenoid valves (63) to a manifold (64) that supplies a turbine ( 65) where the thermal energy is transformed into mechanical energy, which in turn, is transformed into electrical energy in a generator (66) and supplied to consumers after which a part of the thermal energy resulting from the steam from the turbine (65) is yielded to the running water, which is heated to a temperature of 8O ... 9O ° C and further, the water from the heat exchanger (68) is cooled to a temperature of 5O ... 6O ° C and re-introduced to the room ( a) to the first reactor (A), together with the recirculated water from it, the steam at a temperature of 300 ... 400 ° C supplied by the boiler (49) being passed through another turbine (54) where the thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy which in turn is transformed into electrical energy in another generator (55) and supplied to consumers, after which a part of the thermal energy resulting from the steam from the turbine (54) is transferred to the domestic water which is heated to a temperature of 100.. .120°C si in continuare apa este reintrodusa in cazan (49).100 .. .120 ° C and then the water is re-introduced into the boiler (49).
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