RO126018A2 - Installation and process for the desalination of water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an installation and a process for the desalination of water from seas and oceans. The claimed installation comprises a basin (1) wherefrom the water is pushed by a pump (7) through a supply pipe (10), having mounted some electric valves (11) into some chambers (a) of some reactors (A) though a pipe (52) having mounted an electric valve (53), the hot water from chamber (a) being recirculated though a cooler (47) wherefrom it is sucked in by a pump (49) and pushed though a pipe (50) having mounted an electric valve (51) into the supply pipe (10) upstream the electric valves (11) mounted therein, the steam from chambers being discharged through a pipe (41) having mounted an electric valve (42), upstream of which there is connected the pipe (52) wherethrough hot water circulates, and introduced into a turbine (43) and a heat exchanger (45) in connection, by means of a pipe (46), to a cooler (47), the steam generated by a boiler (69) being directed though some pipes (70 and 73) to a heat exchanger (74). The claimed process consists in taking over the sea water from a basin (1) and simultaneously pushing it with a pump (7) into some chambers (a) of some reactors (A) wherein gas is produced, which is compressed, and introduced into a furnace of a boiler (69) for producing steam at a temperature of 300...400°C, the steam being furnished by the heat exchanger (74) to the water desalination installation, the thermal agent recovered from the installation being reintroduced into the boiler (69), the hot water at a temperature of 180...250°C from the chambers being recirculated and cooled down to a temperature of 50...60°C in a cooler (47) wherethrough, when in chambers (a) steam at a temperature of 250...400°C is produced, as a consequence of the fact that a part of its thermal energy is yielded to a blade turbine (43) and to a heat exchanger (45), respectively, the resulting hot water is also circulated and further introduced into chambers (a), the gas having the following composition : H, CO, N, O.

Description

INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR WATER DESALINATION

The invention relates to an installation for desalination of water from seas or oceans, from which it is transported through pipes in order to obtain mainly drinking water and salts.

Water desalination plants are known which have some pipelines for the transport of raw water to several modules, in which it is uniformly distributed through an axial distributor reaching contact with membranes from which the desalination water is recovered through slots in a tank. , the membranes being radially disposed and being placed on both sides of plates made of sintered powders, which have both the role of supporting the membranes and the balancing of the pressures "on their faces, the rejection being evacuated through an axial distributor and through that of pipes.

The disadvantages of these plants are that they have a relatively low productivity due to the use of membranes, they require a relatively high consumption of electricity and membranes.

Methods are known for desalination of water, which includes bringing raw water from the sea or ocean into contact with ordinal tens or hundreds of atmospheres with a membrane that retains the salts and allows the passage of desalinated water to be collected.

The disadvantages of these processes consist in those that it is relatively difficult to control the technical parameters of each phase to which the salt water is subjected until a water with a minimum salt content is obtained (patent No. 103235 Romania).

The problem solved by the invention was the reduction of electricity consumption from a water desalination plant that works independently.

The installation according to the invention removes the disadvantages shown above by the fact that from a basin the water is pushed, with the help of a pump through a supply pipe, having installed some solenoid valves in the reactor chambers, through a pipe having a solenoid valve mounted in it. the hot water from the rooms is recirculated through a cooler from which it is sucked in by a pump and pushed through a pipe, having installed in a solenoid valve, in the supply pipe upstream of solenoid valves, mounted in its contents, the steam from the rooms being evacuated through a pipe having a solenoid valve mounted in it, upstream of which is connected the pipe through which it circulates

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£ »- 2 0 0 9 - 0 0 460-1 8 -06- 2009 hot water, and introduced into a turbine with blades and then into a heat exchanger connected by a pipe to the cooler, steam generated by the boiler being driven through pipes in a heat exchanger of a water desalination plant.

The process according to the invention removes the disadvantages shown above by the fact that the seawater is taken from a basin and simultaneously pushed with a pump in the reactor chambers that after the electric discharges produce gas which is compressed and introduced into a furnace of a boiler. of the steam at a temperature of 300 ... 400 ° C, steam that is passed through a heat exchanger of a water desalination plant, the thermal agent recovered from this installation being reintroduced into the boiler, the hot water from the rooms being recycled through -a cooler where when in the rooms steam is formed at a temperature of 250 ... 400 ° C, after a part of the thermal energy of the steam conveyed is transferred in a turbine with blades and in a heat exchanger respectively hot water at a temperature of 5O ... 6O ° C resulting from the heat exchanger being further conveyed by means of a pump and re-introduced separately in each room.

The installation and process according to the invention have the following advantages:

• allows to obtain drinking water from saline water with relatively low energy consumption;

• allows to obtain a combustible gas;

• does not produce pollutants and does not pollute the environment;

• the installation has a relatively simple construction and the procedure applied within it is relatively simple;

The following is an example of an embodiment for the installation and for the process according to the group of inventions in connection with FIG. 1 ... which represents:

• fig. 1, the functional diagram of an installation according to the invention;

• fig 2., economizer;

FIG. 3, reactor;

• fig. 4, top view;

• fig. 5., horizontal displacement assembly;

-2 (N “2 Ο 0 .9 - Ο ο '6 Ο - 1 8 -06“ 2009

- The installation according to the invention consists of a basin 1 collector in which sewage, waste oil and seawater can be introduced. The seawater is sucked in through a pipe 2 and pushed by a pump 3 through a pipe 4 having a solenoid valve 5 contained in the tank 1. From the latter through a pipe 6 the mixture of water is sucked by a the pump 7 and pushed through a pipe 8, having mounted in an enclosure an solenoid valve 9 in a supply line 10 in which some solenoid valves 11 are mounted in reactors A.

In connection with a reactor A, sensors 12,13 and 14 of level, pressure and temperature are mounted. In order to drain a chamber delimited by a casing 15 of the lower reactor A, there is connected a pipe 16 connected to a filter 17 to obtain the coal from which the water is sucked through a pipe 18, having a solenoid valve mounted in it. 19 by a sling 20 which by a pump 21 pushes it into the basin 1.

Superior from the chamber of the generated gas is evacuated through a pipe 22, passed through a filter 23 and aspirated through a pipe 24 having an electrovalve 25 fitted by a compressor 26, which through a pipe 27 having a solenoid valve mounted in it. 28 pushes it into a tank 29, which is connected in a superior way through a pipe 30, having mounted in an enclosure a solenoid valve 31 with a gas collector 32 in which are installed some solenoid valves 33 and 34. In this sense, within a analysis report number 104 04.07.2008, carried out by the National Institute for Research and Development for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies ICSI Râmnicu-Vâlcea, the following results were obtained: 50.13% vol.H; 7.9% vol. CO ₂ ; 1.5% vol.O ₂ ; 7.3% vol. N ₂ ; 35.2% vol.H ₂ 0 and a dew point value-15 ° C.

The reservoir 29 is also connected by means of a pipe 35, having mounted in a solenoid valve 36, with a generator 37 of electricity supplying a control panel 38 for electric motors, a control panel 39 for general control and a battery 40 for accumulators. .

The pipe 15 is connected to a pipe 41 having a solenoid valve 42 fitted in the container, which supplies steam at a temperature of 350 ... 400 ° C, a turbine 43 of which the steam at a temperature of 320 ... 380 ° C is driven by a pipe 44 through a heat exchanger 45 from which results in hot water at a temperature of 80 ... 100 ° C and respectively, hot water at a temperature of 50 ... 60 ° C which is driven through - it is driven 46 up to a cooler 47 from which through a pipe 48 it is sucked in from a pump 49 and pushed through a pipe 50 having a solenoid valve 51 in the conduit 10 in the conduit 10 downstream of the solenoid valve 11.

-3σ <-2 Ο Ο 9 - Ο Ο 4 6 Ο - 1 8 -06- 2009. When the water temperature in reactor A does not have the prescribed value of 300 ... 400 ° C the solenoid valve 42 is closed and the water circulates through the pipe 41 and a pipe 52 connected to it downstream of the solenoid valve 42 and having mounted in a solenoid valve 53 up to in the pipe 46 of which is connected downstream of the cooler 47. The pipe 11 has in its contents a solenoid valve 54 and is connected to another reactor A, having the same construction as the first reactor, meaning that it is provided with the casing 15, it delimits the chamber A and in which the sensors 12, 13, 14 of the casing 15 are connected, the pipe 41 is connected having mounted in solenoid valve 42 through which the steam at a temperature of

300, .. 400 ° C and further, it is driven through the pipe 44 through the heat exchanger 45 from which through the pipe 46 is driven through the cooler 47 from which the water is sucked through the pipe 48 from the pipe 49 and pushed through the pipe 50 therein installed solenoid valve 51 in pipe 11.

Bottom of the mantle 15 is connected the pipe 16 which conducts the water through a filter 17 for the carbon retention from which the water is transferred through a pipe 54 having an electrovalve 55 up to the pipe 18 downstream of the pump 20.

In the conditions in which solenoid valve 42 is closed, the steam passes through a conduit through a conduit 56 having a solenoid valve 57 connected to the conduit 46 upstream of the heat exchanger 45.

From room a, of the last reactor A the gases are collected through a pipe 58 and passed through a filter 59 being further suctioned through a pipe 60 in which an electrovalve 61 is maintained by a compressor 62 which pushes the gases through a pipe 63 having a solenoid valve 64 contained in a reservoir 65 to which the pipe 32 is connected respectively, and a pipe 66 having a solenoid valve 67 contained in connection with another electrical power generator supplying panels 38 and 39; battery 40 batteries.

Through the pipe 32, a furnace of a steam boiler 69 is supplied with gas at a temperature of 300 ... 400 ° C, from which it is driven through a pipe 70 having a solenoid 71 mounted in a turbine 72 from that the steam is driven through a pipe 73 in a heat exchanger 74 belonging to a water desalination plant itself known in the figures. The thermal agent recovered from the desalination of the water is guided through a pipe 75 having a solenoid valve 76 fitted in the boiler 69. From the pipe 70 a small amount of steam is taken through a pipe 77 having a steam solenoid 78 installed which is circulated. through some

-40 ^ - 2009-00460-.

8 -06- 2009 economizers B in which gas is produced which through a pipe 79 having a solenoid valve 80 installed is directed into the boiler furnace 69.

Reactor A has a housing 15 which delimits a chamber a in which electrodes 81, 82 and 83 are placed centrally and respectively, anterior and posterior sides and in which sensors 12, 13 and 14 are mounted.

The electrode 81 is fixed on a shaft 84, preferably made of stainless steel, which is electrically powered by means of brushes 85. The shaft 84 passes through the casing 15 through a sealing cable 86 and on the outside of the shaft 15 is fixed by the shaft 84 a screw 87 wheel. which engages with a snail 88 rotated by an electric motor 89 fixed by means of screws 90 on a movable plate 91. A vertical plate 92 is attached to the mantle 15 from which two guides 93 and 94 are attached, along which the plate 91 can be moved by means of ball guide guides 95. On the shaft 84 is fixed a nut 96 which in turn engages with a screw 97 with a large pitch thread driven in rotational motion by an electric motor 98, supported by a horizontal plate 99 fixed by the plate 92. The nut 96 is guided lower by a ball joint 100 mounted in connection with two bars 101 fixed at the ends of plate 99.

The electrodes 82 and 83 are mounted on one of the axles 102 and 103 which are connected to an electricity source and which cross the casing 15 by means of cable glands 104 and 105, which can be moved horizontally by means of one of some nuts 106 and 107 which engage with one of the screws 108 and 109 with a thread with a large pitch driven in turn in rotational motion by one of some electric motors 110 and 111. The latter are supported by one of the vertical plates 112 and 113 fixed by the cover 15. The plates 112 and 113 are fixed at the ends with pairs of horizontal bars 114 and 115 with which the nuts 106 and 107 are in contact.

The economizer B is constituted by a tubular body 116 having a central cylindrical portion b and respectively, curved end portions c and d. In portion b, a core 117 is arranged centered by means of supports 118, so that between the body 116 and the core 117 a ring space is formed, through which gas flows at a temperature of 500-600 ° C. Portions c and d are connected to the chimney 74.

Claims (3)

1. The water desalination plant comprising a water collection basin, reactors which delimit a chamber in which central and lateral electrodes are placed anterior and posteriorly supplied with electricity from which the central electrode can be rotated and the lateral electrodes can be rotated move axially by some electric motors powered by electricity through control panels by some electricity generators, and which reactor is equipped with sensors of level, temperature and pressure, respectively, the gas produced in the rooms being aspirated of some compressors and stored in some tanks from which the gas generators are fed and respectively, a furnace of a boiler provided with a chimney in connection with which is mounted an economizer that produces gas with which the furnace is characterized characterized by that as the water tank (1) mentioned is pushed, using a pump (7) through -a supply pipe (10), having installed some solenoid valves (11), in the rooms (a) of the reactors (A), through a pipe (52) having mounted in an electrovalve (53) the hot water in the room ( a) being recirculated by a cooler (47) from which it is sucked in by a pump (49) and pushed through a pipe (50) having in its contents a solenoid valve (51) in the supply pipe (10) upstream of the solenoid valves (11) mounted within it, the steam from the rooms being evacuated through a pipe (41) having mounted in an electrovalve (42), upstream of which is connected the pipe (52) through which hot water flows, and introduced into the a turbine (43) and further on, in a heat exchanger (45) connected by a pipe (46) to the cooler (47), the steam generated by the boiler (69) being directed through some pipes (70 and 73) in - a heat exchanger (74) of a water desalination plant. 2. Process for desalination of seawater, desalination taking place in a separate installation characterized by the fact that seawater is taken from a basin (1) and pushed with a pump (j7) simultaneously into the rooms (a) of the reactors (A) ), in which gas is produced which is compressed and introduced in a furnace of a boiler (69) for steam preparation at a temperature of ^ -2 0 0 9 - 0 Ο 4 6 0 - 1 8 -06-2009 3OO ... 4OO ° C, the steam being supplied by a heat exchanger (74) to the desalination water installation mentioned above, the thermal agent recovered from this installation being reintroduced into the boiler (69), the hot water at a temperature of 18O .. .25O ° C from chambers (a) being recirculated and cooled to a temperature of 5O ... 6O ° C in a cooler (47), whereby when in chambers (a) it forms steam at a temperature of 250 ... 400 ° C, after part of its thermal energy is transferred in a turbine (43) with blades and respectively in a heat exchanger (45), the hot water resulting from the exchanger (45) is conveyed. heat and further, reintroduced into chambers (a), and the gas has the following composition: H ₂ , C0 ₂ , N ₂ , O ₂ .