RO119890B1 - Ecological hard crude-oil fuel for furnaces - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to ecological crude-oil fuels, for furnaces. According to the invention, the fuels consist of refinery petroleum residues, additivated by 0.1...15% oxygenated compounds of C1...C18 branched and linear monoalcohol type, the ethers and esters thereof, including biomass subproducts, 0.1...10% C1...C18 dialcohols, ethers and esters thereof, 0.01...1.5% carbamide, hydrasine or phenyl-hydrasine, possibly, 0.1...3% anionic surfactant.

Description

The invention relates to heavy, environmentally friendly petroleum fuels for industrial outbreaks, which by combustion lead to reduction of gaseous pollutant emissions and corrosion of combustion plants.

It is known that, in recent years, environmental problems have been the main reason for using and obtaining petroleum fuels (gasoline, diesel, heavy fuels) that reduce toxic emissions. The Brussels European Commission has set new specifications for fuels and limits on toxic gas emissions - Directives 98/70 / EC (in force since January 2005), which will also be aligned with the United States. Enviromental Agency, starting in 2006.

Reducing toxic gas emissions (CO, unburned hydrocarbons, microparticles, NOx), in the case of combustion of heavy fuels, from various industrial outbreaks, has the same importance as when using fuels in the means of transport.

The known solutions for the use of heavy fuels in outbreaks have the disadvantage that the reduction of polluting emissions involves laborious processes, due to the composition of the oil residues (resins, sulfur, water, inorganic impurities).

It is known that, in technique, one of the economic methods used to reduce the concentrations of pollutants emitted in the atmosphere is the use of specific additives.

The technical problem, which the invention solves, is the elaboration of heavy petroleum fuel compositions, which through appropriate additives, lead to products having standard use characteristics.

The heavy, environmentally-friendly fuels for outbreaks, according to the invention, eliminate the disadvantages mentioned above, in that they consist of refinery oil residues, additive with 0.1 ... 15% oxygenated compounds, linear and branched monoalcohols, 0 , ... 0 ^, their ethers and esters, including by-products of biomass, 0.1 ... 10% Cp-C dialcols. Their ethers and esters, 0.01 ... 1.5% urea, hydrazine or phenyl hydrazine, possibly, 0.1 ... 3% surface surfactant, anionic.

By applying the invention, the following advantages are obtained:

- reduce the emissions of noxious substances (CO, unburned hydrocarbons, microparticles, NOx) by 30 ... 70%.

- reduce the corrosion of the combustion plant;

- Biomass compounds and by-products are used in mixing with petroleum products.

- a product is obtained having standard physical and chemical characteristics for use in industrial outbreaks.

The following are 3 examples of embodiments of the invention.

Example 1. 1 t of petroleum product is introduced into a tank, with the following characteristics:

- density

- viscosity at 50 ° C

- viscosity at 80 ° C

- flammability

- the water

- freezing point

0.984 g / cm ³ ; maximum 140 ° E; maximum 35Έ;

90 ° C;

1%;

17'C.

The raw material consists of petroleum residues resulting from technological processes of refinery, sludge, waste oils, pyrolysis or fuel oil, and is mixed with additive A containing 2% methyl alcohol, 3% octyl alcohol, 1% dibutylglycol, 0.5% urea and 0.5% sodium alkyl sulfonate.

In combustion of the obtained ecological fuel, the NOX (CO, microparticles, NOx) are reduced by 55%, and the hydrocarbons are not released in air below 15 ppm. By using additive A, the flammability of the product is reduced to 60 ... 75Ό.

Example 2. The same starting material is used as in Example 1. The additive A introduced has the following composition: 2% methyl-terf butyl ether, 3% glycol ether.1% dibutyl glycol, 1

0.2% hydrazine.

When the fuel was burned, noxious emissions were reduced by 60%, while non-burned hydrocarbons were reduced by 70%.

Example 3. The oil residue having the characteristics of example 1, is additive 5 with additive A, having the following composition: 4% ethyl alcohol from biomass, 5% diisopropyl glycol, 0.8% urea, 0.15% sodium dodecyl benzenesulphonate, in a mixture of 1/1 hydrocarbon - 7 heavy aromatic / paraffinic beads.

Noxious emissions were reduced by 70% when burning the fuel. 9

RO 119890 Β1

Claims (1)

11 Claim 13 Heavy, environmentally friendly petroleum fuels for industrial outbreaks, based on petroleum residues, additives with oxygenated products, characterized in that they consist of 15 refinery oil residues, additives with 0.1 ... 15% oxygenated compounds, of linear and branched monoalcohols, θ1 ··· θ18 · their ethers and esters, including biomass by-products, 17 0.1 ... 10% dialcools 0, ... 0.8, their ethers and esters, 0.01 ... 1.5% urea, hydrazine or phenylhydrazine, possibly 0.1 ... 3% surface surfactant, anionic. 19