RO116084B1 - Foliar fertilizer for protecting plants against diseases caused by microscopic fungi - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a foliar fertilizer for protecting plants against diseases caused by microscopic fungi. According to the invention, the fertilizer comprises 4.4...4.7% total nitrogen; 6.2...6.7% total sulphur with 1.2...1.6% elementary sulphur and 4.9...5.1% sulfatic sulphur; 0.4...0.5% magnesium; 1.5...1.6% potassium; 5.74...5.89% copper; 1.82...1.93% zinc; 0.80...0.97% manganese; 0.08...0.10% iron; 0.05...0.10% cobalt; 0.04...0.09% boron; 0.02...0.04% molybdenum and, for the remainder, ammonia, potassium and sodium complex lignosulphonates representing 23...25% of the gross mass of the fertilizers, the percentage being expressed by weight.

Description

The invention relates to a foliar fertilizer with plant protection effect against diseases caused by microscopic fungi, with applicability in the field of vegetable production in agriculture.

For the foliar (extraradicular) fertilization of agricultural crops, many fertilizing compositions are known containing suitable chemical forms of main (N, P, K), secondary (S. Mg) and trace elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co). , B and Mo). The latter are introduced into concentrates of nutrient trace elements and, in order to be maintained in solution at pH values near 7.0 and in the presence of phosphoric acid ions, they are bound in stable organo-mineral complexes (RO 91367, 111931) but, thanks to the very low concentration in which they are contained and the fact that they are bound in soluble complexes of chelated type, the effect of these foliage fertilizers of plant protection against cryptogamic diseases is low.

In the composition of many of the known foliar fertilizers, a diverse range of synthetic and natural organic substances is incorporated, from the categories of amino acids, ureides, carbohydrates, vitamins and plant hormones, in order to enhance the effect of these fertilizers on plants. However, the presence of physiologically active organic substances in such fertilizing compositions is likely to favor the proliferation of diseases caused by microscopic fungi (fennel, manna). Thus, for example, complex foliar fertilizers, which contain thiamine (aneurin or water soluble vitamins in group B), increase the incidence of rapeseed attack on the apple. The high cost of physiological- and surfactant organic components is often prohibitive for the production and use of foliar fertilizer compositions. At present, the influence of some of these organic ingredients on the environment is not fully known.

The technical problem solved by the invention is the elaboration of a fertilizing composition for the effect of additional fertilization, of foliar stimulation, of the plants, together with their effective protection against diseases caused by pathogenic fungi.

foliar fertilizer with plant protection effect against diseases caused by microscopic fungi, according to the invention, eliminates the mentioned disadvantages by consisting of: 4.4 ... 4.7% total nitrogen; 6.2 ... 6.7% total sulfur of which

1.2 .. .1.6% elemental sulfur and 4.9 ... 5.1% sulfate sulfate 0.4 ... 0.5% magnesium;

1.5 .. .1.6% potassium, 5.74 ... 5.89% copper; 1.82 ... 1.93% zinc 0.80 ... 0.97% manganese; 0.08 ... 0.10% iron; 0.05 ... 0.10% cobalt; 0.04 ... 0.09% boron; 0.02 ... 0.04% molybdenum and the rest, lignosulfonates complexed by ammonium, potassium and sodium, the percentages being by weight.

By applying the invention, the following advantages are obtained:

- the components of the foliar fertilizer are not toxic to humans and animals either by their direct effect, nor by the remaining effect in the following years. As such, their impact on the environment is insignificant;

- the traffic on the ground is reduced twice by mechanical means with positive effects on the physical state of the soil (structure, apparent density, etc.);

- the technological costs for carrying out the works are reduced approximately twice, because the product is applied both for the preventive treatment against foliar diseases and for the treatment of additional foliar fertilization;

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- persistent films of hydroxides and basic salts of metallic microelements, embedded in lignosulphonates, are formed by applying on plants, ensuring the plant protection effect of plants;

- it can also be produced locally by the user, from raw materials sources of nutrients that can be easily purchased; 50

- the extension of the foliar fertilizer of environmental protection allows the simplification of the technologies and the cheap the interventions in crops.

These fertilizers can be produced in the form of semi-fluid paste by incorporating the sources of macro- (N, S, K, Mg) and nutrient micro-elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Co and Mo), in a neutral mass. of lignosulphonates, conditioned to a content of 55 dry matter (lignosulphonates) of 50%.

The following is an example of obtaining foliar fertilizer with plant protection effect against diseases caused by pathogenic and optionally pathogenic microscopic fungi, according to the invention.

EXAMPLE 1 The required quantity of lignosulfonates, neutralized with ammonia to a pH of 7.0 ± 0.2 (measured in aqueous solution 0.5 to 1.0, is introduced into the tank of a stainless steel ball mixer %, after which, keeping the lignosulfonate in motion with the ball, the nutrient sources in solid powdered (crystalline) or granulated state are introduced successively into particles with a maximum diameter of 2 mm:

- copper sulphate pentahydrate (stone) 65

- zinc sulphate heptahydrate

- Manganese sulphate monohydrate

- Cobalt sulfate heptahydrate

- Iron sulphate heptahydrate (calaican)

- magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (bitter salt or Epsom salt) 70

- sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax) ammonium heptamolibdate tetrahydrate

- sulfur flower (elemental sulfur)

- 50% potassium salt (simple potassium fertilizer)

- urea with less than 1% biuret (simple fertilizer with amide nitrogen) the proportion between them of lignosulfonate with all these ingredients differing in 75 depending on the species and the development phase in which the crop plants are located. An example of how to provide the components is presented in the tables below, for several groups of horticultural crops (tables 1 and 2). By energetic crushing in the ball mixer, the mixture of lignosulfonates with the nutrient sources is transformed into a viscous suspension which at 20 ° C retains its fluidity and all the other 8 a long time (at least a week). The colloidal state of the hydroxides and the basic salts of the metallic microelements embedded in lignosulfonate (physical state under which the foliage fertilizers with plant protection effects against the diseases caused by pathogenic microscopic fungi) are carefully preserved, so as to prepare the suspensions on plants, nutrient sources (primarily 85 potassium salt and urea) undissolved and deposited to be resuspended by energetic stirring before withdrawing the quantities needed to prepare diluted suspensions for application on plants. Diluted with quality water, good for sprinkler irrigation, fertilizers are applied on plants in a concentration of 0.5 ... 1.0% at times close to those predicted by the specialists in the 90 plant protection centers.

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Examples of proportion of ingredients (lignosulphonates with micro-nutrient sources and macro nutrients) in the composition of foliar fertilizer with plant protection effect against diseases caused by pathogenic microscopic fungi (g substances per 1 kg of gross foliar fertilizer, according to the invention):

Table 1

Nr. Crt. Name of substances Horticultural groups She) (B) (C) (D) 1. Copper sulphate pentahydrate 225.0 230.0 230.0 235.0 2. Zinc sulphate heptahydrate 80.0 82.0 84.0 85.0 3. Manganese sulphate monohydrate 28.0 25.0 25.0 30.0 4. Cobalt sulphate heptahydrate 5.0 2.5 2.5 5.0 5. Iron sulphate heptahydrate 5.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 6. Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 7. Heptamolibdate of ammonium tetrahydrate 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 8. Decahydrated sodium tetraborate 8.8 4.4 4.4 8.8 9. Sulfur flower 16.0 15.0 12.0 14.0 10. Potassium salt 50% K ₂ 0 30.0 30.0 30.0 - 11. Urea with less than 1% biuret 80.0 75.0 75.0 80.0 12. Lignosulfonates with 50% subst. dry neutralize with ammonia to a pH of 7.0 482.0 492.0 493.0 497.0

Data on the chemical composition of foliar fertilizer with plant protection effect against diseases caused by pathogenic microscopic fungi (g elements and substances / 1 Kg of gross fertilizer)

Table 2

Chemical elements and constituents Compositions for plant groups of (A) b (B) c (C) d (D) lignosulfonates 241.0 246.0 246.5 248.5 Total nitrogen from lignosulfonates (in the form of amino, imino, heterocycles, etc.) 10.604 10.834 10.846 10.934 Sulfuric sulfur (S-S0 ₃ ² ) 57.84 59.03 59.16 59.74 Elemental sulfur (sulfur flower) 16.00 15.00 12.00 14.00 Sulfate sulfate (S-S0 ₄ ² ) 49.42 49.32 49.54 51.64 Urea nitrogen (amide) 36,80 34,50 34,50 36,80 Copper (element) 57.475 58.650 58.650 59.835

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Table 2 (continued)

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Chemical elements and constituents Compositions for plant groups of (A) b (B) c (C) d (d) Zinc (element) 18.160 18,614 19.068 19.295 Mangan (element) 9016 8050 8050 9660 Cobalt (element) 1.0575 0.524 0.534 1048 Iron (element) 1005 0.804 0.804 1005 Magnesium (element) 3,960 3,950 3,960 3,960 Molybdenum (element) .2168 .2168 .2710 .2710 Boron (element) 0,999 .499 .499 0,999 Potassium (element) 15.0 15.0 15.0 -

(a) vines on the fruit; [b] seed species of fruit trees;

(c) tree species of fruit trees; (d) fruit solanaceae vegetables (tomatoes,

135

140 peppers) foliar fertilizer with plant protection effect against diseases caused by pathogenic microscopic fungi, according to this invention, was tested experimentally, with good results, between 1992 and 1994 at the Experimental Research Station and viticulture production Bujoru-Galați.

Claims (1)

foliar fertilizer with plant protection effect against diseases caused by pathogenic microscopic fungi, based on macros and nutrients micro-elements embedded in a neutral mass of lignosulfonates, characterized in that it consists of: 4.4 ... 4.7% total nitrogen; 6.2 ... 6.7% total sulfur of which 1.2 ... 1.6% elemental sulfur and 4.9 ... 5.1% sulfuric sulfur; 0.4 ... 0.5% magnesium; 1.5 ... 1.6% potassium, 5.74 ... 5.89% copper; 1.82 ... 1.93% zinc 0.80 ... 0.97% manganese; 0.08 ... 0.10% iron; 0.05 ... 0.10% cobalt; 0.04 ... 0.09% boron; 0.02 ... 0.04% molybdenum, up to 100% lignosulfonate complexes of ammonium, potassium and sodium, the percentages being by weight.