RO112299B - Composition for oily spots removing from materials which are made of fibres - Google Patents

Abstract

The composition for removing oily stains from fibrous materials while the textile finishing process and while wearing textile articles, consists of 40...90% polar and/or non-polar solvent, as well as compatible mixtures thereof, 5...55% non-ionic surface agent, with a hydrophilic-lypophilic balance (HLB) ranging between 3 and 20, as well as non-ionic surface agent mixtures with the mentioned property and at least a product between an anionic suface agent, with HLB higher than 20, or compatible anionic surface agent mixtures with this property, in a quantity of 5...15%, a pseudocationic surface agent or a cationic surface agent with HLB ranging from 3 to 20, as well as cationic surface agent mixtures with the mentioned property, in a quantity of 10...25%, a complexing agent, in a quantity of 0.5...5%, the percentage being expressed in relation to the composition mass.

Description

The invention relates to a composition for detaching oily stains from fibrous materials, in the process of textile finishing and in wearing textile articles.

Although the processes of washing textile materials have undergone many improvements in the aspect of the machines and chemicals used, the oil stains, originating from the processes of weaving, knitting, etc., are very difficult to remove through a process or more of washing, being necessary in for this purpose the local detachment of stains, in particular of old oil stains.

The main purpose of the compositions for detaching oily stains from fibrous materials is to obtain clean fabrics by removing stains consisting of a complex mixture of mineral oils, carbon particles, metal particles, etc.

For this purpose, solutions or emulsions containing surfactants, solvents, complexants, protective colloids, etc. are used.

A process is known for treating silk fiber fabrics, stained during the weaving process or during transport, the treatment fleet containing a mixture of surfactants and solvents, in the ratio 3: 5, the fabrics being kept in the fleet at 11D temperature ... 115 ° C, pressure of 3 at, for 30 minutes, but which has the disadvantage of a small range of use and conditions difficult to meet.

The main disadvantage of these compositions is the uneven and incomplete extraction of the constituents of the oil stains, the local aura around the extracted stains and the differences of color intensity in the case of the dyeing of the material.

The problem solved by the invention is to determine the components and their proportions, so as to ensure the rapid and complete removal of the oil stains from fibrous materials, without manual rubbing of the stain, but only buffering-storage-washing, without the appearance of aureoles after the dyeing process.

The composition for detaching oily stains from fibrous materials according to the invention removes said disadvantages, in that it consists of

40 ... 90% polar and / or non-polar solvent, as well as compatible mixtures thereof, 5 ... 55% non-ionic surfactant with hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) between O 3 and 20, as well as mixtures of non-ionic surfactants with said property and at least one product of an anionic surfactant with a hydrophilic profile (HLB) greater than 20 or compatible mixtures of anionic surfactants with this property in an amount of 5 ... 15% a pseudo-cationic or cationic surfactant with HLB of between 3. ..20, as well as mixtures of cationic surfactants with the mentioned property in the amount of 10 ... 25%, a complexant in the amount of 0.5 ... 5%, the percentages being expressed relative to the mass of the composition. it is a homogeneous mixture, stable over time and containing as little water as possible.

As polar and / or non-polar solvents, the following can be used:

- decaline, heptane, isoheptane, isooctane, benzine, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, terebentine oil, trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene, dichlorpropane, amyl chloride, dichlorpentan, monochlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, n-propylbenzene, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, t-butanol, isoamyl alcohol, methylisobutyl-carbinol, 2-ethylbutanol, 2-ethylhexanol, cyclohexanol, phenol, cresol, furfuryl alcohol, n-butyl ether, dichlorethyl ether, anisole, dioxane, formate of acetate of isopropyl, butyl acetate, amyl acetate, propionic acid esters with ethyl alcohol, butyl, amyl, butyl butyrate, diethylcarbonate, diethyloxalate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, triethylphosphate, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, monomethylethanol, monomethyl , acetal, methylisobutylketone, acetylacetone, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, nitromethane, nitroethane, diethylamine, triethylamine, cyclohexylamine, monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, morpholine, dim ethylformamide, dioxane alcohols, dioxane alcohol ethers, dimethylsulfoxide, petrosin, youth.

RO 112299 Β

As nonionic surfactants, polyethoxylated alkyl phenols, polyethoxylated alcohols, polyethoxylated fatty acids, polyethoxylated mercaptans, polyethoxylated alkylamines, polyethylene oxide copolymers, single or mixed copolymers can be used, HLB of the non-surfactant 3 system and 20 non-surfactants. Products of this type are widely described in the literature (Martin J. Shick, Nonoionic Surfactants, Marcel Dekker Inc. 1967, New York).

As anionic surfactants, sulphonated or sulphonated oils, alkylphenolsulphates, sulphonated alkylphenols, sulphated alcohols, organic phosphoric acid esters, alkyl phosphonates, alkylphenolipolyethoxylatedisulates, aliphatic polyethyl sulphates, aliphatic polyethyl sulphates, polyethoxylated aliphatic alcohols, being greater than 20.

As pseudococcal surfactants, reaction products of unsaturated fatty acids with mono, di or triethanolamine can be used alone or in combination.

As complexation products of Ca ²⁺ , Mg ²⁺ , Fe ²⁺ , Fe ³⁺ as well as other metals present from friction processes of moving lubricated mechanical parts, derivatives of amino carboxylic acids, derivatives can be used. of hydroxycarboxylic acids, derivatives of phosphonic acids, polycarboxylic acids. These products are widely presented in the specialized literature (M. Frigerio, Produk Sequestranti in tinctura, Tinctoria, 11/1984).

The invention has the following advantages:

- reducing the expenses necessary to remove stains;

- reducing the quantities of inferior quality material by ensuring the complete elimination of stains without the appearance of haloes.

The following are examples of embodiments of the invention.

Example 1. A composition containing 35% decaline, 40% monoethylene glycol, 20% triethanolamine oleate, 4% ethoxylated cetyl alcohol with 22 moles ethylene oxide, 1% hydrolyzed polymorphic anhydride is formed.

Comparison Example A. A reference composition is made up of 30% nonylphenol polyethoxylate with 10 moles ethylene oxide, 10% C ₁₂ - C ₁₈ sulfate alcohol, 40% C ₅ - Cg aliphatic hydrocarbons, 20% decalin.

Example 2. A composition containing 30% decaline, 5% cyclohexanol, 3% isopropyl alcohol, 3% acetone, 6% ethoxylated cetyl alcohol with 22 moles ethylene oxide, 3% ethoxylated cetyl alcohol with 3 moles ethylene oxide, 30% diethylene glycol, is obtained. 10% monoethanolamine oleate, 7% 2-ethylhexyl phosphonate, 3% hydrolyzed polymorphic anhydride.

Comparison Example B. A composition containing 20% C ₁₄ - C ₁₆ sulfated alcohol, 60% Cg - (¾, 20% 1: 1 mixture acetone: isopropyl alcohol) is made.

With reference compositions A and B, 100 oil stains (50 each with each composition) from the weaving process on a fabric of 50% cotton and 50% polyester, without manual rubbing, are detached by buffering and storage. hereinafter referred to as fabric No. 1.

With the compositions obtained according to embodiments 1 and 2, 100 oil stains (50 each with each composition) from the weaving process of a similar fabric, still woven on the same war, without manual rubbing, are detached by buffering-storage-washing. During the washing process, the fabrics are not contacted directly or through the washing fleet. The fabric will be referred to as fabric no.2.

After washing and drying, the fabrics are still dyed under similar conditions on a Termosol installation.

After the dyeing process, the fabrics are examined on the control ramp, finding the following:

- fabric no. 1 shows 72 stains not extracted with haloes, 18 stained stains, which have haloes, 10 stains completely extracted, at the same time showing 85 stains of lighter paint in the place where the fabric was stamped.

- fabric no.2 has 14 non-stained stains, none of the stained or non-stained stains have haloes and no color differences are observed in the place where the fabric was tamped compared to the rest of the 5 fabric.

Claims (1)

Claim Composition for detachment of 1ΰ oily stains from fibrous materials, characterized in that it contains a polar and / or non-polar solvent, as well as compatible mixtures thereof, in an amount of 40 ... 90%, a nonionic surfactant 15 with a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance. (HLB), between 3 ... 20, as well as mixtures of surfactants with the mentioned property, in an amount of 5 ... 55% and at least one product of an anionic surfactant with a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) greater than 20 or compatible mixtures of anionic surfactants with this property, in the amount of 5 ... 15%, a pseudococcal or cationic surfactant with HLB, between 3 and 20, as well as mixtures of cationic surfactants with the mentioned property, in the amount of 10 ... 25%. a complexant in the amount of 0.5 ... 5%. the percentages being expressed relative to the mass of the composition. The chairman of the examination committee: ing. Lonescu Bucura Examiner: ing. Loanițescu Cezarina Computerized editing and editing - 0SIM Printed at: State Office for Inventions and Trademarks