PT98904A - SHIP, IN PARTICULAR BOAT OF FISHING, EQUIPPED OF DEVICE AND OF AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT OF MAINTENANCE OF THE FISH BOXES - Google Patents

Description

2

Most holds of fresh fish fishing boats are equipped with a detachable bulkhead system, called "brèzes ", between which fresh and unglazed fish are laid, as well as ice. The purpose of this system of bulkheads is to arrange the load, holding it mainly laterally in order to prevent it moving in rough seas.

The drawbacks of this system result from the fact that a lot of manpower is needed when the boat is unloaded and, above all, that the fish is stored in bulk at high altitudes, which spoils it (by crushing).

The latter drawback can be alleviated by using boxes of plastic material, filled with fish and ice on the fish deck, or in the workshop where the viscera are removed and in the annex where the weighing is carried out, and then overlapping said boxes in the basement.

Great improvements have thus been made in quality, but this process is developing slowly, because it requires even more manpower at sea than the previous one, since instead of dumping the fish and ice in bulk in the hold, fish boxes should be carefully overlapped, since if this is not so they will move and empty their contents under the effect of the rolling balance and the longitudinal balance of the vessel. Attempts have been attempted to install on board the fishing boats apparatus for raising and lowering the boxes, supplemented with automatic maintenance frames holding the boxes above by means of special tweezers.

These complex systems are not simple enough to operate in strong seas, and the different residual spaces needed to circulate the gates were arranged longitudinally, which caused the piles of boxes to break down under the effect of the rolling balance, which is the movement of more violence in a boat. The present invention provides an organization of stacking the cartons in such a way that the latter are always secured by two sidewalls in all circumstances, and furthermore, in view of the longitudinal movements of the boat, the height of the vertical drop of a stack which is not secured by the front and / or the back never exceeds the height of a box.

Finally, before describing the invention in the future, there is another main and differentiating feature of this system, which consists in handling filled boxes at sea and only picking up a few boxes at a time, which reduces the effect of inertia. The devices designed to handle the empty boxes at sea, or on land the filled boxes, manipulate these in large quantities in each movement, which is possible since the boxes are empty (at sea) because the manipulated masses, and therefore the efforts are weak, or else the boxes are full and consequently heavy and in large numbers, but which will only give rise to weak forces of inertia once the manipulations take place in calm waters or in the port. The invention relates to a vessel, in particular a fishing vessel, which has a hold for the purpose of depositing objects, containers or boxes, in which the hold has corridors delimited by vertical longitudinal bulkheads parallel to the plane of symmetry of the ship and which develop from the top deck of the hold up to the bottom of the latter and in which the width of the aisles corresponds to the width of the objects, containers or boxes to be laid in the hold or to a multiple of that width and in which a hatch is provided at one end of each aisle, characterized in that it has a loading and unloading device for the corridors and in that said loading and unloading device has at least one corridor a lift platform located in front of the hatch and at least one car whose width corresponds to the width of the objects to be deposited in the basement, which is movable in longitudinal translation along the corridor and which is provided with a device disposal of the objects to be deposited. The invention is directed in particular to the following three equipment and arrangements, used individually or in combination: - Continuous vertical bulkheads ranging from the deck above the basement to the floor of the latter, characterized by being parallel to the plane of symmetry of the boat and that its internal walls are spaced apart by an equal or multiple distance from the sum of the width of the fish boxes and the necessary clearance therebetween, and that they extend vertically through the access ports to the hold, called hatches. Fork forklifts, characterized in that they are joined by side wheels which allow movement between the vertical bulkheads described above. This allows them to travel automatically and linearly, while retaining the possibility of retracting the side wheels in the calm waters of the port and, by embarking on a driver, are used in a classic and bi-directional way by operating the steering system which is doomed to not be used at sea for most of the time.

Thanks to the side guideways, forklift trucks can be used at sea, for example to get the pallets of empty boxes to be filled after the treatment of the fish. - Self-propelled carriages which allow a row of boxes, which are sufficiently light and flexible to move safely over a continuous bed of boxes with or without a lid, these cars having a thickness less than the height of a carton, and being equipped with a unloading system that allows them to deposit the boxes they carry in order and in synchronization with the carriage indentation. The width of these carriages is equal to the size of the cartons which coincides with the direction perpendicular to the direction of the feed, and therefore perpendicular to the vertical bulkheads referred to above. It is possible to associate as many elementary cars as necessary, by screwing or synchronizing the movements, according to the distance between the vertical walls (for which it is remembered that it is a multiple of the width of the boxes).

To pinpoint the ideas, in the application described here, motorized tracked cars are used unitarily (which means that the corresponding runners have the width of a box), or by groups of two (which means that the corresponding runners have the width of two boxes). These examples are not limiting.

According to a further feature of the invention, the hatches have side doors whose width is at least equal to the length of the forklift trucks and the latter have means for their lateral displacement.

This arrangement makes it possible to change the fork-lift aisle without having to raise it on the deck. This operation can be done in the open sea.

In the following discussion, it will be agreed that the term " length " for all horizontal dimensions and parallel to the boat axis, " width " for all horizontal dimensions perpendicular to the boat's axis and " height " for all vertical dimensions. The originality of the invention is to use separately or in combination fork lift trucks and self-propelled crawler cars in corridors formed by vertical bulkheads, and depending on operating conditions (at sea or in port).

An original compliment to the invention is brought about by an exhaust system with little clutter, designed to be installed on self-propelled carriages.

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear in the course of the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are given by way of example only. Figure 1 is a perspective view of the vertical bulkheads. 7

Figure 2 is an arrangement of the cartons and pallets between the vertical bulkheads. Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the boat showing the automatic loading into the sea of carton and pallet layers. Figure 4 is a detail of the self-propelled crawler carriage in the unloading and withdrawing phase. Figure 5 is a section of the self-aligned carriage of crawlers made by the plane of the wheels. Figure 6 is a sectional view of a self-aligning carriage of crawlers made by a longitudinal plane. Figure 7 is a plan view of the self-propelled crawler carriage. Figure 8 is a longitudinal section of the boat showing the unloading of the empty pallet pallets at sea, or pallets of filled pallets ashore. Figure 9 is a deck plan of the boat showing the different uses of forklift trucks and crawler carriages.

Figures 10 to 15 represent the fork lift runner operations performed at sea.

One can first understand in Figure 1 the general organization of the fish hold (1) and the hull section which is intended for communication between the hold and the deck (2) designated in the following text by " hatches ".

The longitudinal bulkheads 3 appear symmetrically relative to the axis of the ship and define the corridors 4 of two distinct widths in the example shown, without impeding the imagining of a different and even desimetric organization. It is only necessary to satisfy the following conditions in order to take advantage of the advantages of the invention: - the distance between two bulkheads is a multiple of the width of the boxes or objects to be stored, - the bulkheads are parallel to the plane of symmetry of the boat, - they are smooth, continuous and are in continuity (coplanar) with those of the hatch well which goes up to the upper deck of the basement.

In Figure 2 it is easy to see the ordering of the boxes (5) and the pallets (6) in the corridors (4) of the hold (1); being only represented, for clarity, the three corridors of the left. But any stacking in length, height and width other than those proposed in Figure 2 can be imagined, and it is only necessary to satisfy the conditions, in order to take advantage of the advantages of the invention, characterized in that: - the boxes or articles (4), - the layers or beds of the boxes, or any other containers, arranged in the basement shall form superimposed and continuous planes, which makes one suppose, since the bottom of the boats is rarely plan that corridors of varying lengths be organized by corridor which increase as they rise, - to periodically supply the corridor with a continuous bed of pallets whose external dimensions coincide with a multiple of the dimensions in width and length of the boxes, shelves, or any other containers, placed in rows in the hold, said pallet bed being intended to facilitate and accelerate unloading of the last ones.

In figure 3 one can see the boat, and more in particular a corridor, in course of loading in the sea, during the fishing.

An elevation assembly constituted by the forks 7 running on the vertical rails 8 provided with the telescopic lengths 9 allow the fish boxes to be lowered from the deck level to any level of the hold. In the main development of the invention, the organs (7, 8 and 9) belong to a forklift truck (12) locked in the position corresponding to the hatch well, when it is at sea and that a runner is in the process of being loaded, in accordance with the operating case shown in Figure 3.

A self-propelled crawler carriage (10) circulates on the upper bed of the feed boxes in the corridor.

This carriage carries one, two or more boxes locked laterally by the bulkheads and longitudinally by a later wait 11 and by a previous wait 13 (Figure 6).

At the end of the previous stroke the car (10) stops in the bed of the boxes in the process of formation. The wait (11) then pushes forward the cartons carried by the cart, according to 10

with the device described later. The previous wait (13) slips away (the same observation) and the car leaves again behind, dropping its load. The carriage (10) returns empty to the forks (7) and the latter raise the track carriage to the deck. At this level, a carton conveyor (14) coming from the evisceration room supplies the crawler carriage (10) with the required number of cartons, which returns to a new cycle. Figure 4 shows well the kinematics and loading devices of the fish filled boxes, which are characterized in that they remain permanently and laterally secured by the vertical bulkheads and longitudinally by the waits (11) and (13) during the (11) and the first carton (18) which has been placed in the bed being formed during the unloading and withdrawal phase of the carriage.

Of course, once the boxes (19 and 20) which have been taken by the car have been placed, they will be deposited on the upper bed (17) boxes and the top and bottom of the boxes should be provided with in order to ensure the longitudinal immobilization of the cartons.

It should be noted that the transport and periodic unloading of the pallets (6) are made by means of the same devices referred to above, and which are a stacker composed of the elements (7, 8 and 9) and a carriage (10) running in conjunction.

Figures 5, 6 and 7 show an embodiment of the self-propelled crawler car, without the arrangement being shown to be limiting.

A self-propelled carriage is comprised of two main kinematic assemblies mounted on a structure (21): - A locomotion assembly in which, rising along the kinematic chain comprises: two caterpillars (15) mounted on four wheels (23) with guiding plates, two of which are mounted on the axles (22). Two of the four wheels are driven and therefore are mounted in monoblock with a drum or with a cogwheel. Two secondary drive chains or belts 24 connect the two drive wheels to the drive shaft 25, which in turn is connected to a motor or gearmotor and, optionally, a drive 27, by means of a primary drive chain or belt (26). A maintenance and ejection assembly of the boxes which, rising along the kinematic chain comprises: two parallel chains (16) on which are fixed the waits (11 and 13), characterized in that they are spaced apart by a distance equal to sum of the lengths of the shelves, or boxes, or miscellaneous containers transported by the car. The two chains 16 are connected and are driven in rotation by a shaft 28 which is fixed in translation and is free to rotate with respect to the structure 21 and which is connected to a chain drive motor 29 by means of a chain or belt (30). An automotive car assembly 10 is completed by a power source which may be constituted either by 12 electric batteries or by tanks for liquid under pressure. According to what is shown in figures 6 and 7, the energy source may be external and be connected to the carriage by means of an umbilical cable (31) which is wound onto a drum (32) which it exercises, using any suitable means , a constant tension on the cable 31 which will thereby wind and unwind as the carriage 10 retreats or advances.

In Figure 8, the boat in the port is shown in longitudinal section, a car (12) equipped with the lifting and translating means, carrying a full pallet with full boxes. The job is performed in a classic way with a man driving the car. It should be noted that as soon as the car reaches the front of the boat, the driver, with the aid of his apparatus, places inclined planes so that the car can pass through the different steps that constitute the bottom of the boat. Figure 9 shows the different possible ways of organizing work in the corridors.

At sea, the system is completely automatic and its operation is characterized by: - Corridors filled with pallets of boxes (38) filled with fish, such as (L'l and L'2), on the one hand, and (L3 and L4), on the other. The pallets of filled boxes are secured on all sides and therefore perfectly arranged, even on the side of the hatch well, by retaining means (34) which are retractable as the carriage advances and close automatically when it recedes , - the corridor (L1-L2) is half-full of empty cartons and the carriage (12) which is equipped with side wheels comes to grip 13

the empty pallet stacks (in Figure 8, three pallets are stacked without this number being limiting), then, once this load has been seized, it will stop at one of the hatch wells (2) and raise to the deck these piles of pallets and empty boxes, where the workers of the evisceration room will come and fetch them to fill them.

In the corridors (1 / 3-1 / 4) there is a loading process characterized in that two crawler carriages (10 and 10a) which are laden with boxes have made the path to the recess (LA3), local from which only the right car will continue its course. In this loading case, only the right car carries fish, the car on the left only follows it, to avoid the harmful effects of the lateral accelerations. On the wide side of the aisle, the two cars circulate together under all circumstances.

The carriages are therefore equipped with the lateral connecting means (not shown) which allow their simultaneous displacement from the front side. The passageway (L5) shows a particular arrangement of the invention: in this corridor, just as in the corridor (1/5) there is only one row of pallets in order to be able to explore the lateral volume of the boat.

An element of the bulkhead (36) has been removed. The carriage 12 was mounted on the deck by means of hoist, the forks 7 were dismantled, it was turned 90 °, and was again lowered into the hatch well of (L3-L4). The carriage 12 thus partially occupies the corridor L4 adjacent the corridor L5 only the latter containing a row of cartons. The loading process by the self-propelled carriage is carried out under the same conditions as previously described (Figures 3 and 4).

A particular process for these small side corridors will be unloaded at the port. A manually moved small stacker 33 will be used to penetrate these corridors and to discharge the pallet stacks onto the forks of the stacker 12. The same semi-automatic process will be used in the sea to evacuate the boxes of these small corridors. The general arrangement of Figure 9 is not limiting and it will be possible to imagine any general basement arrangement by bouncing forward or to the rear of the boat, corridors of variable widths from the hatch well disposed in any zone of the vessel. boat.

Figures 10 to 15 illustrate another feature of the invention, namely that the hatches have lateral doors in the longitudinal corridors (3) whose width they open and at least equal to the length of the forklift truck (10). Furthermore, the latter is equipped with means enabling its lateral displacement to pass from a hatchway to the neighboring hatches.

It can be seen in Figures 10 to 15 that the hatches have two-leaf doors (41) whose width is greater than the length of the forklift truck (10) which can rotate completely so as to enable the latter to move laterally to pass from one hatch to the other. This operation is carried out as follows. First the doors of two neighboring hatchways of the one where the forklift truck (10) is located (Figure 11) are first opened; it is laterally translated from a distance corresponding to two hatches (Figure 12); as soon as it has reached this position, the doors of the hatch where it was initially closed (Figure 13).

The forklift is then returned to the hatch near the one where the forklift was initially (Figure 14), and the second hatch doors are then closed (Figure 15).

This operation can of course be carried out at sea. It allows the forklift truck to be used in a number of aisles in order to extract pallets from empty cartons which are then raised to the level of a workroom 42 (see Figure 3).

It can be seen that the invention allows working at sea, which is particularly important for fishing boats; indeed, thanks to their side wheels, forklift trucks can pick up the empty carton pallets to take them to the work room. These boxes, as soon as they have been filled, will be placed again in the different corridors, by means of displacements made by the forklift truck, being placed in their respective places individually by means of the self-propelled carriages of caterpillars.

In addition, thanks to the arrangement of the hatch side doors, only one forklift truck can be used for the bilge assembly.

Claims (1)

16 16 A vessel, in particular a fishing vessel, which has a hold for the purpose of depositing objects, containers or boxes, in which the hold has corridors delimited by vertical longitudinal bulkheads parallel to the plane of symmetry of the vessel and which develop from the and the width of the corridors corresponds to the width of the objects, containers or boxes to be deposited in the hold or to a multiple of that width and in which a hatch is provided at one end of each corridor, characterized in that for having a loading and unloading device for the corridors, and in that said loading and unloading device has at least one corridor, a lift platform located in front of the hatch and at least one car whose width corresponds to the width of the objects to be deposited in the which is movable in longitudinal translation along the corridor and which is provided with a device disposal of the objects to be deposited. A ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the lift platform is provided with lateral guide wheels on the longitudinal bulkheads of the aisle. A ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the hatches have lateral doors whose width is at least equal to the length of the lift platform and in that the lift platform has lateral displacement means. A ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the passageways are provided with retractable means for securing the objects. 17 17 5. A ship according to claim 1, characterized in that it has at least one end side corridor which has a lateral communication opening with the corridor adjacent the hatch level of the latter. A vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the carriage is less than the height of the objects to be deposited. Ship according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, in the case where the width of the corridor is equal to a multiple of the width of the objects to be deposited, a car is provided for each row of objects and the carriage of one the same corridor are equipped with lateral connecting means between them that allow simultaneous movement from the front. A vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the carriages are self-engaging carriages with crawlers, and that the unloading means comprises two parallel chains containing waits which are spaced apart by a distance equal to length of the objects to be deposited or a multiple of that length. A ship according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each carriage is fed by an external power source connected to the carriage by means of a rollable and unwinding cable. Ship according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the lift platform is movable in terms of its longitudinal translation in the aisle. A ship according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the lift platform of the extreme lateral passageways is partially arranged in the adjacent passageway. Lisbon, 9 September 1991 V J. PEREIRA DA CRUZ Official Agent of Industrial Property RUA ViCTOR CORDON, 10-A 3.® 1200 LISBOA