PT90910B - molding and cementing system for large areas - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cramping system and molding of large areas, namely for trays of bridges and large fungiform slabs. With this new invention it is possible to do the pillars without the need for be it own molding directly from any kind of support on the bottom step, terrain or the lower slab. For this purpose, the system basically placement of dogs (i) and consoles (2) on the pillars which have rollers (3) for laying longitudinal assemblies (4) supporting the transverse beams (5). That way, after the installation of various fastening and tilting elements, (7) and the fitting of the iron frame and bracing the concrete is concreted. Demoulding begins after On the 29th day of the concreting, the bracing can be removed between sets and to tilt the panels and after the curing period, the rotors (3) of support in order to allow the advancement of the whole assembly that is pulled by appropriate device. With this system drastically reduces labor, the time of construction, factors that influence the final costs of the work.

Description

The present invention concerns a new shaping and shaping system suitable for applications in large areas, namely in bridge trays and large fungiform slabs, making it possible to make shaping and shaping directly from the pillars without the need for any support.

Until now bridge trays and / or large slabs were built using traditional methods, that is, using a system of metallic, reinforced concrete molds, essentially constituted by a structure formed, for example, by metal brackets and angles, by the panels , service passages and possibly special elements. This whole set of elements, however, needs to be conveniently supported, either on firm ground in the case of bridge trays, or in immediately lower slabs.

This constraint, that is, the necessary support on the level or lower floor, presents serious inconveniences that sometimes translate into high costs of works, a consequence of the use of more complex processes, of a much greater use of labor by necessarily specialized workers, and finally for the slowness of such processes.

In fact, for example, the construction of bridge decks on terrains of weak consistency significantly increases the number of supports (pillars). This type of construction poses several problems such as:

- The lack of consistency of the land, muddy or subject to floods caused by precipitation or variations in tides;

-4- Difficulty in maneuvering auxiliary machines either in relation to the floor or to the movement itself between the structure made up of the pillars.

This new system intends to solve all those inconveniences as well as to economically obtain a solution whose costs are much lower than expected, as will be seen in the description that follows.

For easier understanding of the invention and the following description, drawings are presented in the appendix without any limiting character of a preferred embodiment of molding and shaping a bridge deck.

In these drawings:

Figure 1 represents a cross-sectional view along the CD line of Figure 3;

A along figure 1 line AB represents a sectional view of the figure; θ

1onqitudina1

The figure represents a plan of the same point board

As can be seen, this system basically uses a convenient number of support dogs (1) support consoles <2> mounted on pillars (8) which have rollers (3) for laying longitudinal trusses (4) that support the beams transversal (5).

During the execution of the pillars according to the needs of the project, holes are left in places previously studied and defined to be used as connection and suspension of the dogs (1). They are these dogs that support all the load to be transmitted during the execution of the slag. At the same time, said dogs (.1) serve as rolling paths since they incorporate systems that allow vertical adjustments through spindles (9) which are subjected to a tractive effort and adjustments at the top through horizontal rollers. (10) where the framework (load transmission) and two vertical rollers are used to guide the beams.

or beams the beams as

It is in these support rollers (10) that the launching trusses (4) work on which, in turn, they support transversal. Do the trusses or launching beams (4) join? can? observe the gap between the pillars (8).

The longitudinal beams (4) placed on the dogs (1) in continuous spans have at least three supports and are articulated between? itself, being able to tilt in the longitudinal direction. It is also possible to perform light rotations on these beams, which makes it possible to reduce the existing arrow in the longitudinal alignment in the curve in which the columns are implanted.

The transverse beams (5) are mounted on the longitudinal beams (4) through articulated fixings that allow working on tilting tilted planes, hence the possibility of obtaining uneven concrete. Said fixings; articulated have an oval hole that allows to incline without changing the distance between the trusses.

The trusses (4) and the transverse beams (5) constitute the basic metal structure for supporting the molds themselves, which are configured by a convenient coating of the structure with suitable materials such as wood, plywood, plastic or metallic coating. □ material for making the molds themselves is chosen according to the number of applications that are intended to be made with those molds.

In order to obtain a continuous concreting surface, they are fixed at the ends of the transverse beams (5) tilting arms (14). In this way, close to the pillars it is possible, by fixing said arms (14) in a horizontal upper position, said continuous concreting surface.

The mode and operating sequence of the system described above is as follows:

After the assembly of the pillars and the execution of the meeting of the first transversal alignments of the pillars, the conditions are created to start the execution of the board through the following operations:

- Placement of the dogs and consoles suspended on the pillars leaving their height in the position to be adjusted;

- Placing the trusses on the rollers of the dogs and consoles, positioning them in a transversal and longitudinal direction, solidifying the whole set together with scaffold tubes and rotating clamps;

· - Placement of the tippers;

tilting fixings, beams and arms (joists)

Placement of as well as wooden elements to be attached to the tilting arms;

beams

- Cover the set with suitable material to configure the molds;

- Brace with orthogonal tubes and clamps from the set to joint the trusses;

- Inspect the entire system and start concreting;

- Demould. After the third day of concreting, you can remove the brace between sets and tilt the panels;

- · After the necessary curing time, start lowering the dogs' support rollers in the following order (considering that the order of the alignment of the supports is directed from the initial encounter in the direction of advancement of the tray:

- second line of dogs;

- fourth line of dogs;

- third line of dogs;

- fifth line of dogs;

- first line of dogs.

- □ said lowering is only necessary for the molds to move about three cm (the same must be done simultaneously in each set by only two operators and each of them must make the same number of turns when unscrewing the supports. This operation must be in the event of possible unscrewing difficulties, these dogs are prepared to act with hydraulic jacks to relieve the load;

It is then possible to proceed with the structure to a new concreting area. This is, in fact, another important feature of the present invention because, as will be shown, this new system, with reduced labor, without any kind of heavy machinery and in a very short time, allows to make the referred advance in a very simplified way without resorting to operations traditional release agents.

The following operations are then carried out:

- Placement of pulleys for bracing; pillars immediately in front of the next concreting joint to be executed;

Posi i.onar devices suitable for pulling, through hooks conveniently connected to the trusses. The cable of the device for pulling the assembly goes around the pulley fixed to the pillar and the hook will connect to the donkey. □ This device for pulling the set is fixed on the upper side of the slab near the concreting joint. This operation must be synchronized;

- Make the support dogs move from back to front, that is, as soon as the set moves forward and releases them; dogs.

As soon as those operations are completed, it is possible to proceed with the entire structure having the horizontal rollers incorporated as dogs as a guide path.

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Once the first advance of all sets is completed, the first rotation is also completed. All subsequent operations are cyclical.

As can be seen from the figures together, on the outer pillars are, in the same way as the dogs, the consoles that guarantee the necessary for the walkways or catwalks.

In terms of resistance, a problem that can arise in structures of this type, it is worth noting that both dogs, a fundamental part of the entire system, as well as consoles, guarantee a resistance of at least 100 kg per mir /, being for this purpose manufactured with special materials. The tuning bars for earrings and consoles are also made with materials previously chosen to ensure the design resistance.

embodiment described above only concerns a bridge deck. However, this new system is also very advantageous for the construction of slabs as long as they have an appreciable area.

In either case, various changes in detail are possible which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. However, all of them must be considered included within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (11)

CLAIMS there. - Molding and cimbration system for concreting large areas, with fungiform slabs and bridge trays, characterized by allowing the respective joints and molds to be assembled without using any support on the ground or on the lower floor, and after demoulding, allowing the advancement of the whole set pulled by an appropriate device. 2nd. - Molding and molding system according to the previous claim, characterized in that it comprises, in a convenient number, support consoles and support dogs or earrings, suspended on the pillars that for this purpose have holes suitable for the respective fixation. 3ê. - · Molding and shading system according to claim 2, characterized in that the dogs that support the load to be transmitted during the execution of the slab, have support rollers in which the trusses (beams; launching) work on which support the transverse beams, trusses that join the gap between pillars .. 4th. - Molding and molding system according to claim 3, characterized by the; trusses (launching beams) placed on dogs in continuous spans have at least three; supports, and being articulated with each other, allow them to be assembled with a longitudinal inclination. 59. - Molding and molding system according to the previous claim, characterized in that the trusses and cross beams constitute the basic metallic structure for supporting the molds themselves, which are configured by a convenient coating of the structure with suitable materials -11 cards eat, wood, plywood, plastic, or metallic coating, chosen according to the number of intended applications. look. - Molding and shaping system according to claim 3, characterized in that said rollers incorporated in the dogs serve as a rolling path for the entire structure, making it possible to make vertical adjustments through the aforementioned spindles. 7ê. - Molding and cimbration system according to claim 3, characterized in that the said truss support dogs still have at their top, where the framework rests, a system of at least two horizontal rollers for convenient guidance of the structure when moving advance. Be. - Molding and clamping system according to claims 2, characterized in that both the consoles and the dogs have roller tuning devices in order to guarantee the proper placement at a pre-established concreting height and, after the curing of the concrete allows the lowering the joint in order to enable its advance. 9 and. - Molding and grouting system according to claim 3, characterized in that after the concreting and respective curing, the lowering of the support rollers mounted on the dogs follows a certain order, considering that the order of the alignment of the supports is directed from the beginning in direction of advance of the tray, and each one does not need to descend more than about 3 cm to effect the displacement of the molds. lOe. - Molding and molding system according to claim 2, characterized in that the consoles provide the necessary support for the walkways (passerelles), being consequently mounted only on the outside sides of the outer pillars. llâ. - Molding and molding system according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that both said dogs and said consoles guarantee a resistance, only of at least 100 kg per mm and for this purpose they are manufactured with elements of special materials, namely the tuning types of earrings and consoles. 12th. - Molding and molding system according to claim 1, characterized in that before processing the feed it is necessary, in addition to the lowering operation of the molds, to place pulleys at previously chosen points, processing the feed forward to the next joint concreting aex ec u tar. 13â. - Molding and clamping system according to claims 1 and □, characterized in that the advance is guaranteed by the sliding of the whole set, trusses, beams and molds and accessory material on the dog rollers, when this same set is pulled, through hooks connected to the trusses, by suitable devices fixed on the slab next to the concreting joint. 14â. - Molding and shading system according to claims 1 and 9, characterized in that simultaneously with the advancement of the molding set, it is necessary to mount the support dogs on the front plate, which dogs will be released from the set on the back side. -1315ê. - Molding and framing system according to claims 1 and 3 to 5, characterized in that the transverse beams are mounted on the longitudinal trusses (launching beams) by means of articulated fixings, which allow working on tilting inclined planes, allowing uneven concreting . 16> â. Molding and shaping system according to claim 15, characterized in that said articulated fixings have an oval hole that allows inclinations without changing the distance between the trusses. 17th. - Molding and framing system according to claims 1.5 and 12, characterized by the existence of tilting arms fixed at the ends of the transverse beams which allow to obtain, next to the columns, continuous concreting surfaces and when advancing, after being placed in the tilting position, that is, in the demoulded position, allow the assembly to pass laterally through the pillars without any obstruction.