PT2355965T - Composition and process for producing a wooden or wood fibre plate - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION

"COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A FIBER PLATE OF WOOD OR WOOD"

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a composition for wood fiber boards or wood boards, to the wood fiber boards themselves or to wood boards, as well as to a method for the production of wood fiber boards or wooden boards,

STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

Wood, fiber, or particle products are used, for example, in the construction, furniture and furniture sectors. In the area of wood fiber boards are differentiated between fibrous insulation boards (HFD), rigid fiber boards (HFH, KH) and MDF boards. These are produced from finely defibrated conifer wood, mainly free of bark and by a slight compression in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The edges are flat and fixed and can be profiled without special glues.

In addition, there are also chip boards or flat particle boards, which consist of shavings of different sizes, which are produced with synthetic resin-based adhesive under heat feed in the flattened particles. In this case, the chips are aligned in the direction of the plate plane. The area of application of the wood fiber boards resembles the chip boards, however, the edges and surfaces can be profiled by the thin almost homogeneous assembly of the wood fiber board and can subsequently be lacquered. There is no need for glues, as would be the case on flat particle boards.

Currently only wood fibers or lignocellulose-containing fiber material is used for the production of wood fiber boards or flat particle boards. By means of heat, humidity and compressive forces in the defibration equipments, the wood chips for the production of the plates are processed. In wood fiber boards or wood boards known from the prior art, only wood is used as feedstock. The resources of this natural product are limited and also for reasons of nature protection, it is desirable that other raw materials can be used in an alternative manner. In addition, it is also interesting to look for alternatives for the production of the corresponding wood fiber boards or wood boards. DE 10330756 AI discloses a method for the production of solid material for the production of molds in which a binder is added to a fibrous material and is compressed in a mold under addition of heat. The disclosed method is distinguished by the fact that a mat of fibers or particles of a first group of particles or fibers is mixed with a portion of particles of synthetic material and / or fibers of synthetic material, the granulation of which corresponds to the granulation of the particles or fibers of the first group. The particles of synthetic material and / or fibers are obtained by grinding and / or defibrating agglomerates of pure or mixed synthetic material in a disc refiner, with water being added to the disc refiner during the grinding process. DE 10 2000 008 827 AI discloses a blank and a coating layer of a wood derivative, wherein a wood derivative is provided which is ground or contains defibrated agglomerate of synthetic materials from the reject material. According to the disclosure of DE 10 2000 008 827 AI, the synthetic particles used are pure synthetic materials, mixture of synthetic material and / or plastic film of joint systems or pure synthetic material or mixture of recycling. US 2006/0121261 AI discloses a fibreboard, wherein particles or fibers are mixed with wood fibers or flakes of wood. The materials are pressed into a plate under heat and a portion of the wood fibers or flakes is used by milled or defibrated agglomerates of mixed synthetic rejection material. According to the disclosure of US 2006/0121261 AI by synthetic rejection materials it is a synthetic material or mixtures of synthetic material. WO 2008/1111103 discloses an addition of cork to the wood derivative for the production of wood fiber boards. By cork it is the material of the bark of a cork tree and, with that, of another material that the area of the derivative of wood is associated with a specific part of a tree. DE 10 200 0711 931 AI discloses an insulation board of a mixture of binder fibers and wood derivative, as well as a method for the production of an insulation board, in which an additive having a thermally constant core and a coating which can be is added to the mixture and is activated under heat The essential concept of this revelation is the specific possibility of a thermoactivation in order to obtain the adhesion of the material. This document does not disclose the use of alternative raw materials or alternative compositions for the production of wood fiber boards or wood boards. DE 10 2006 05 20 describes a technology in which pure synthetic materials are used, which are then melted, which must be produced by an extruder. No method is shown that deals with alternative materials as feedstock for the production of a plaque.

A special binder is disclosed in DE 103 50 3 90 AI, as is its use for the adhesion of wood derivatives and / or fibrous materials. The purpose of this document is directed to the bonding of the raw material of such sheets and is not concerned with using additional materials used in the production of wood fiber boards or wood boards. DE 53 533 A discloses a method for producing composite bodies. In this case, the base material is compressed by addition of thermoplastic films and the action of pressure and heat. This brochure is therefore concerned with the raw material of a plate, which is produced under the use of pressure and heat, but not with the use of combinations of alternative raw material. Document DE 10 1065 AI deals with the production of slabs consisting of a mixture of synthetic material, wood, half-section wood and recycled material. In order to produce such plates, the plastic portions need to be fused and compressed under certain procedural conditions. The disadvantage of this method is that the parameters required from the point of view of pressure and temperature can not be achieved in installations which are in conventional use without having to make large adjustments of high cost in the installations.

It is assumed, in the future, that the raw material is also scarce, if it is new or old wood. For these reasons there is a need for alternative sources of metal and also methods for the production of wood fiber boards or wood boards.

In this case, it should be fundamentally observed that the specific rules of each region, for example according to DIN or EN, are respected for the production of plaques.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a composition for the production of wood or wood fiber board which can be used for the production of a wood fiber board or wood board, The resulting plate conforms to the corresponding standards specific to each region, for example according to the German or European standard EN or DIN. Further, it is an object of the invention to provide a method of production under the use of the composition, as well as wood fiber boards or wood boards.

According to the invention, there is provided a composition comprising a fibrous material, a binder, a hardening accelerator and a paraffin emulsion, wherein the fibrous material contains at least 5% feedstock of substance foreign to the wood, which consists of a mixture of 0 to 10% of inorganic moieties, 5 to 81% of synthetic organic moieties and / or 0 to 22.5% of organic decomposition moieties, wherein the moieties used are respectively 100% to the raw material of foreign substance to the wood. This composition is suitable for the production of wood fiber boards or wood boards, which do not consist solely of wood.

For a composition according to the invention it is provided that, by substances foreign to the wood, it is solid matter, in particular also a mixture of different solids. Solid substances are organic or inorganic solid substances, and organic materials may be produced in a synthetic form, such as synthetic material, or they may also be decomposable as biological material, such as proteins, sugars or also fats , natural oils or fibers. It is provided that by raw materials of substances foreign to the wood as part of a fibrous material, it is a mixture consisting of 0 to 0% inorganic moieties, 5 to 100% of synthetic organic moieties and / or 0 to 95% organic decomposition portions, the portions used being 100% respectively added to the raw material of the foreign substance to the wood.

In addition, a composition may additionally contain urea and / or lignosulfonate and the binder may be urea-formaldehyde, melamine or phenolic resin or a combination thereof.

Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention, a method for the production of a wood fiber board or wood board, comprising: a) producing a mixture of raw material for treatment as a fibrous material, fibrous material contains at least 5% of the foreign matter feedstock to the wood, which consists of a mixture of 0 to 20% inorganic moieties, 5 to 81% of synthetic organic moieties and / or 0 to 22.5% of moieties in which the used portions are added 100% respectively to the raw material of foreign substance to the wood; b) defibrating the raw material mixture according to the thermochemical method; c) drying the fibrous material; d) gluing the fibrous material, preferably in the blending method; e) compressing the cast fibrous material hot; and f) deburring the plates and sanding to a certain thickness of the plate.

For the method it is envisaged that as a binder, urea-formaldehyde, melamine or phenolic resin or a combination thereof, preferably the urea-formaldehyde resin mixture may be used, the mixture of feedstock in the use of urea-formaldehyde resin being adjusted to a value of Acid pH, preferably from 5 to 5.8. Basically, the use of other binders or glue by the invention is likewise understood together.

In addition, it is provided for the method that the raw material of the foreign matter to the wood can be used as part of the fibrous material, which consists of a mixture of 0 to 0% of inorganic portions, 5 to 100% of synthetic organic pores and / or from 0 to 95% by weight of the decomposing organics, the portions being used are 100% added to the raw material of the foreign substance to the wood.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a diagram for carrying out the method according to the invention. Figure 2 is a wood fiber board or wood board consisting of at least 5% of foreign matter feedstock to the wood. Figure 1 shows the sequence of a method for the production of a wood fiber board or wood board according to the invention. In this case, a wood derivative 10 is used, for example, cutting a soft wood, and a feedstock of foreign substance to the wood 20 for the production of a composition for the fibrous material 20. The blend is then defibrated θ0 and the resulting fibrous material θ0 is dried. After the sticking of the fibrous material 60, the fibrous material is compressed to preferably 150 to 250 ° C and a pressure duration of 15 to 25 s / mm 2. Then the plates trimmed and trimmed to a uniform thickness. Figure 2 shows a portion of a wood fiber board or wood board 21, which was produced under the use of at least 5% of raw material foreign to the wood and derived from wood.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention is described in more detail based on the examples of embodiment, without being limited thereto. This applies in particular to the materials used.

Example 1

A medium thickness fiber board (MDF) was produced from pine wood and a feedstock which presents materials of foreign substance to the wood. In the production, sequentially, it was tested whether the resulting MDF board, which does not consist entirely of wood, contained the necessary properties with respect to the required mechanical characteristics of the tensile strength, as well as properties of the swelling material thickness and absorption of water after 2 and 26 ° C.

In order to compare the resulting properties, an MDF board consisting only of pine wood cuttings was produced, as well as MDF board, consisting of cuttings of pine wood chips and a raw material with foreign material materials to the wood in a mixing ratio of 80% cuts of pine wood and 20% raw material of foreign substance to the wood. Data refer to dry mass. For both types of MDF board a further urea-formaldehyde resin 350 (BASF) was additionally used as the binder. From the cuts of pine wood or the mixture of cuts of pine wood / raw material, fibrous materials were produced according to the thermomechanical method (TMP method). Disintegration of the feedstock occurred in a laboratory refiner and tubular drier facility. The disintegration temperature was about 150Â ° C to 0.5 MPa (5.0 bar) and the disintegration duration took 5 minutes.

Finally, the fibrous materials were dried in the tubular dryer followed by drying in the drying cabinet at 65øC at a fiber moisture of about 2%. The fibrous materials were glued in a blender as follows: The fibrous material was glued in the blending method in a drum blender. and A urea-formaldehyde resin (urea-formaldehyde resin K350) was used as a binder, and the binder application was 15% (solid material fibrous material / dry mass). B Ammonium sulfate (2% hard resin / hardener solid material) was used as a hardening accelerator. B 1.1% paraffin emulsion (solid paraffin in relation to the dry mass of fibrous material) was used, and the paraffin emulsion was added together with the urea-formaldehyde resin in the fibrous material.

Finally, in the bonding of the feedstock, the respective material was hot pressed into sheets. In this case, plates with a plate thickness of 16 mm and an ideal gross density of 750 kg / m 3 were produced. The compression temperature was 200 ° C and the compression time was 15 s / mm of the plate thickness.

After production, the plates are thinned and sanded at a plate thickness of 16 mm. From the plates with different starting materials were generated test bodies of identical size, which were acclimatized under normal climatic conditions up to equilibrium moisture. Then the determination of the traverse properties according to EN 319, swelling of thickness after 2 and 24 hours according to EN 317 and absorption of water after 2 and 24 hours. The results can be summarized as follows, in Table 1:

Table 1: Crude density, transverse traction, swelling of thickness and water absorption

The results show that the swelling thickness is in fact slightly higher in the sheets, which were produced under the addition of substances of foreign matter to the wood, however, these follow DIN standard 622-5. Corresponding to the strong thickness swelling, the plates with the raw material, which have pores of substance foreign to the wood, also have a high water absorption. In general, the example of the embodiment shows that an MDF sheet which contains the required standards properties can be produced, however, they do not consist of 100% wood. Thereby, the present invention shows an alternative to boards which consist entirely of wood, whereby the natural resources are spared and a possibility for the use of any additional additives.

Other plates were produced in a manner analogous to the example shown above, in which a material of foreign substance to the wood was used as raw material for the production of the fibrous material. The matter of foreign substance to the wood may in this case contain inorganic moieties such as salts, glass, metals, ceramics etc. and / or synthetic organic materials such as synthetic material and / or organic decomposition materials such as natural fibers, fats, oils, sugars or proteins.

The percentages of matter of the individual groups should be understood only by way of example and not conclusively.

The following mixtures were used for the production of other slabs under the use of substances of a foreign substance to wood: 73% of synthetic organic materials and 27% of inorganic materials 22.5% of inorganic materials 55% of synthetic organic materials organic or inorganic the organic or inorganic materials of which 90% is organic or inorganic.

Contrary to the disclosure of DE 10 2000 011 931 A1, DE 103 50 930 AI or DE 10 53 370, in the present disclosure, the bonding of the stock material does not remain in the foreground and therefore it is not necessary to melt material contained within each other. In contrast, in the method according to the present disclosure, it is envisaged that a mixed inlet stream may be used as a substitute for wood in chipboard or MDF methods. This has not been possible so far since, in this method, by the pure blending of wood with wood substitute matter, subsequent gluing and compression, no stability and durability corresponding to those shown in the above example could in fact be obtained. The raw material in the method of this invention is treated in such a way that it can be used as a wood substitute material under the load of all conventional parameters in the known standard methods. This means that the previously disclosed method can be used on machines already in use and no adjustment is required separate from the point of view of obtaining specific pressures or temperatures.

A significant difference from DE 00 10 576 AI is that the pseudo temperatures in the method disclosed in that document are significantly lower. In a method according to this disclosure, a corresponding temperature is required only to activate a corresponding function of the standard binder, of the urea-formaldehyde resin glue. Temperature and pressure alone, have no effect on the material or on the bonding of the material with the corresponding binder.

Contrary to the disclosure of DE 0 0 10 57

Al, the standard methods available for the production of wood fiber boards can still be used, no installation of any new device or the execution of another method being required, and therefore no technical changes need to be made in the existing production process to allow the production of the corresponding plates. REFERENCE NUMBERS 10 derived from wood 20 raw material from wood 21 paperboard fibrous material compressed with 5% foreign matter raw material to wood 30 production of the composition to the fibrous material OThe defibration of the raw material 50 drying of the fibrous material 60 bonding of the fibrous material 70 compression of the fibrous material 80 thinning and sanding of the plates

DOCUMENTS REFERRED TO IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents referred to by the author of the present patent application has been prepared solely for the reader's information. It is not an integral part of the European patent document. Notwithstanding careful preparation, the IEP assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions.

Patent documents referred to in the specification • DE 10330756 AI • DE 102000 008827 AI • US 20060121261 AI • WO 2008110 103 AI • DE 102000 011931 AI • DE 102006050 0000] • DE 10350 930 AI0040] • DE 10 53370 [0040] • DE 10 53370 10012] • DE 0 10576 AI0013]

Claims (7)

A composition comprising a fibrous material, a binder, a hardening accelerator and optionally a paraffin emulsion, wherein the fibrous material contains at least 5% of the foreign matter feedstock to the wood, consisting of a mixture of 0 to Inorganic moieties, 5 to 81% of synthetic organic moieties and / or 0 to 22.5% of organic decomposition moieties, wherein the moieties used add 100% respectively to the raw material of the foreign substance to the wood . The composition of claim 1, wherein the substances foreign to the wood are of solid matter, also of a mixture of different solids. The composition of any one of the preceding claims, which comprises adding urea and / or lignosulfonate. O. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the binder is urea formaldehyde, melamine or phenolic, or a combination thereof. A method for producing a wood fiber board or wood board comprising: a. Producing a mixture of raw material for treatment as a fibrous material, wherein the fibrous material contains at least 5% of the foreign matter feedstock to the wood, which consists of a mixture of 0 to 100% inorganic moieties, to 81% of synthetic organic moieties and / or 0 to 22.5% of organic decomposition products, wherein the portions used are 100% respectively added to the raw material of foreign substance to the wood; B. Defibrating the raw material mixture according to the thermochemical method; W. Dry the fibrous material; d. Glue the fibrous material, preferably in the blending method; and. Compress the fibrous bonded material hot; and f. Deburr the boards and sanding to a certain thickness of the board. A method according to claim 5, wherein the binders are, in particular, urea-formaldehyde, melamine or phenolic resin or a combination thereof. A method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the raw material mixture in the use of urea-formaldehyde resin is adjusted to an acidic pH value between 5 to 5.8. A method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the raw material of the foreign matter to the wood may be used as part of the fibrous material, which consists of a mixture of 0 to 0% of inorganic, to 100% synthetic organic moieties and / or 0 to 95% organic decomposition moieties, the portions used adding 100% respectively to the raw material of the foreign substance to the wood.