PL94B1 - A method of producing artificial tannins. - Google Patents
A method of producing artificial tannins. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL94B1 PL94B1 PL94A PL9420A PL94B1 PL 94 B1 PL94 B1 PL 94B1 PL 94 A PL94 A PL 94A PL 9420 A PL9420 A PL 9420A PL 94 B1 PL94 B1 PL 94B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- tannins
- producing artificial
- alkali
- artificial tannins
- anthracene oil
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 5
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- -1 aromatic sulfonium chlorides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020094 liqueur Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- IKACLGBUTCDQFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfane;toluene;hydrochloride Chemical compound S.Cl.CC1=CC=CC=C1 IKACLGBUTCDQFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002641 tar oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
Description
Wynalazek dotyczy sposobu wytwa¬ rzania sztucznych garbników.Dotychczas znane sposoby wyrobu sztucznych garbników moga byc na ogól podzielone na dwie grupy. Jedne z nich polegaja na kondensacji fenoli z aldehy¬ dem mrówkowym lub z innemi aldehy¬ dami, przyczem dla otrzymania produktów rozpuszczalnych w wodzie sulfonuje sie przed kondensacja lub po niej.Waznem jest w tych sposobach wpro¬ wadzenie grupy CH2 OH lub CH2 S03H do fenoli przez skondensowanie z alde¬ hydu mrówkowego w rozczynie kwasu mineralnego, wzglednie w obecnosci dwu- siarczynu w rozczynie alkalicznym pod cisnieniem.Takze i te sposoby, które nie przyta¬ czaja kondensacji z aldehydem mrówko¬ wym, opieraja sie na tych zwiazkach, jak to wynika n. p. z patentu niemieckie¬ go 281484, wedlug którego stosuje sie „dimetylodioxysulfobenzyd".Druga grupa sklada sie ze sposobów, wedlug których wytwarza sie garbniki przez podgrzewanie kwasów sulfonowych, fenoli lub krezoli pod cisnieniem lub bez niego w obecnosci srodków kondensa¬ cyjnych jak kwas siarczany, tlenochlorek fosforu, przyczem nastepuje miedzycza¬ steczkowe odwodnienie.Okazalo sie, i na tern polega wyna¬ lazek niniejszy, — ze z wysokoczastecz- kowych skladników oleju antracenowego, wzglednie smól miekkich rozpuszczal¬ nych w alkaljach, mozna przez oddzialy¬ wanie aromatycznych chlorków sulfono¬ wych w rozczynie alkalicznym i nastepne sulfonowanie otrzymac ciala nadzwy¬ czaj latwo i przezroczysto rozpuszczalnew wodzie, silnie stracajace klej i bardzo wytrzymale, które przedstawiaja tern samem bardzo dobre garbniki.Róznica wobec dawniejszych sposo¬ bów polega tak na materjale wyjsciowym, skladajacym sie z wysokoczasteczkowych skladników oleju smolowego o charak¬ terze kwasu, jak i na przejsciach i ukla- dzfe^r.odukiu: T^ie wprowadza sie zadnej grupy Crf2 O fi "ani CH2 SOs H, ani tez nie jest potrzebna w przeciwienstwie do dawniejszych sposobów obecnosc wolnej grupy OH. Z drugiej strony nie po¬ lega sposób takze na miedzyczastecz- kowem odwodnieniu, a takze unika sie zastosowania srodków, silnie odciagaja¬ cych wode, jako i wysokiej temperatury i wysokiego cisnienia, prowadzacych latwo do produktów nierozpuszczalnych.Przyklad. 100 g kwasów ze smoly miekkiej lub oleju antracenowego, uwolnionych od roz¬ puszczonych weglowodorów i ewentual¬ nie oczyszczonych zapomoca destylacji w prózni , rozpuszcza sie w rozcienczo¬ nym lugu sodowym (najlepiej zapobie¬ gajac utlenieniu przez tlen z powietrza) i miesza z rozczynem 127 g chlorku sul¬ fonowego toluolowego w 200 g benzolu w ciagu kilku godzin.Warstwa benzolowa, zawierajaca pro¬ dukt, zostaje oddzielona od warstwy wod¬ nistej, jeszcze troche zawierajacej kwasu, wyplukana, a srodek rozpuszczajacy od¬ pedzony.Mase ciekla, przezroczysta miesza sie z 90 — 95% na wage 99 — 100% kwa¬ su siarczanego niezbyt szybko, przy- czem temperatura podnosi sie do 55°. Po podgrzewaniu w ciagu 2 — 3 godzin na kapieli wodnej rozpuszcza sie ostudzony produkt sulfonowania w poczwórnej ilosci wody, a zastosowany kwas siarczany zo¬ bojetnia sie lugiem sodowym. Stwierdzono bowiem przez okreslenie kwasowosci, ze w opisanych warunkach przechodzi okolo Vi zuzytego kwasu siarczanego na kwas jednozasadowy.Rozczyn "filtruje sie i uwalnia przez odparowanie i ostudzenie od glównej za¬ wartosci siarczanu sodowrego. Mozna go odparowac az do sucha, nie zmieniajac ani rozpuszczalnosci produktu, ani jego innych wlasciwosci.Powstale cialo jest latwo rozpuszczalne w wodzie i osadza silnie klej.Sposób niniejszy daje jeszcze te osob¬ liwa korzysc, ze jako surowiec stosuje sie bardzo trudno rozpuszczalne alkalicznie skladniki oleju antracenowego, które wo¬ bec ciemnego zabarwienia, trudnej roz¬ puszczalnosci i bezwladnosci chemicznej nie moga byc wykorzystane technicznie. PL PLThe invention relates to a process for the production of artificial tanning agents. The prior art methods for producing artificial tanning agents can generally be divided into two groups. Some of them consist in the condensation of phenols with formic aldehyde or other aldehydes, while to obtain water-soluble products, sulfonation is carried out before or after the condensation. The important thing in these methods is the introduction of the CH2 OH or CH2 SO3H group to the phenols. by condensation with formaldehyde in a solution of a mineral acid, or in the presence of bisulfite in an alkaline solution under pressure. Also those methods which do not duplicate condensation with formaldehyde are based on these compounds, as follows for example, from German Patent 281,484, according to which "dimethyldioxysulfobenzide" is used. The second group consists of methods by which tannins are made by heating sulfonic acids, phenols, or cresols with or without pressure in the presence of condensation agents such as sulfate acid phosphorus oxychloride, followed by copper-molecular dehydration. It turned out that the present invention is based on from high-molecular components of anthracene oil, or alkali-soluble soft tar, it is possible by the interaction of aromatic sulphonic chlorides in an alkaline solution and subsequent sulphonation to obtain bodies extremely easily and transparently soluble in water, strongly loosing glue and very durable which represent all very good tannins. The difference from the earlier methods is the starting material, which consists of high-molecular-weight components of tar oil with an acid character, as well as the transitions and lines of the production: T ^ ie no group Crf2Ofi "or CH2SO5 H is introduced, nor is the presence of a free OH group needed, contrary to the earlier methods. On the other hand, the method also does not involve copper-molecular dehydration, and avoids the use of agents that strongly draw water, as well as high temperature and high pressure leading easily to insoluble products. 100 g of acids from soft tar or anthracene oil, freed from dissolved hydrocarbons and possibly purified by vacuum distillation, are dissolved in dilute sodium liquor (preferably by preventing oxidation by oxygen from the air) and mixed with the solution 127 g of toluene sulphonium chloride in 200 g of benzol in a few hours. The benzol layer, containing the product, is separated from the aqueous layer, still containing some acid, rinsed, and the dissolving agent is distilled. The liquid, transparent, is stirred from 90-95% by weight 99-100% of sulfuric acid not very quickly, with the temperature rising to 55 °. After heating for 2-3 hours in a water bath, the cooled sulfonation product is dissolved in four times the amount of water, and the sulfate acid used is turned into sodium liqueur. It was found by determining the acidity that, under the described conditions, about 1 Vi of the spent sulfuric acid was converted to monobasic acid. The solution was filtered and released by evaporation and cooling from the main content of sodium sulphate. It could be evaporated to dryness, without changing the solubility of the product. or its other properties. The resulting body is easily soluble in water and strongly deposits the glue. This method also has the peculiar advantage that the raw material used is very sparingly soluble alkaline components of anthracene oil, which, due to a dark color, difficult to blend ¬ Chemical solubility and inertia cannot be used technically PL PL
Claims (2)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL94B1 true PL94B1 (en) | 1924-05-26 |
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