PL90383B1 - - Google Patents

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PL90383B1
PL90383B1 PL1973164309A PL16430973A PL90383B1 PL 90383 B1 PL90383 B1 PL 90383B1 PL 1973164309 A PL1973164309 A PL 1973164309A PL 16430973 A PL16430973 A PL 16430973A PL 90383 B1 PL90383 B1 PL 90383B1
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Poland
Prior art keywords
zinc salt
amount
water
zinc
alkadiene
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PL1973164309A
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Polish (pl)
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C5/00Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
    • C07C5/02Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation
    • C07C5/03Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of non-aromatic carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • C07C5/05Partial hydrogenation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/38Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
    • C07C2523/40Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • C07C2523/44Palladium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2527/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • C07C2527/02Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • C07C2527/053Sulfates or other compounds comprising the anion (SnO3n+1)2-
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2527/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • C07C2527/06Halogens; Compounds thereof
    • C07C2527/138Compounds comprising a halogen and an alkaline earth metal, magnesium, beryllium, zinc, cadmium or mercury
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2527/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • C07C2527/24Nitrogen compounds
    • C07C2527/25Nitrates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2531/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • C07C2531/02Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • C07C2531/04Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing carboxylic acids or their salts

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Description

Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób przeprowadzania alkadienów w alkeny na drcfclze selektywnego uwodorniania.Wiadomo, ze zwiazki dwuolefinowe mozna uwodorniac w obecnosci katalizatorów, zawierajacych pallad, jednak w wyniku tych procesów otrzymuje sie mieszanine zwiazków olefinowych i zwiazków nasyconych o skladzie, nie dajacym sie regulowac. W celu zahamowania uwodorniania zwiazków olefinowych proponowano wprawdzie czesciowo dezaktywowac katalizator palladowy przez nasycanie go lub stracanie w nim soli olowiu, cynku, rteci, kadmu, toru, cyny i podobnych metali, ale proces taki jest bardzo trudny do prawidlowego prowadzenia w praktyce. Mianowicie, warunki procesu dezaktywacji, to jest temperatura, stezenie soli dodawa¬ nych oraz czas trwania dezaktywacji, maja decydujace znaczenie dla wyników i male odchylenie od warunków optymalnych powoduje, ze otrzymuje sie katalizatory, dzialajace nieselektywnie lub calkowicie zdezaktywo- wane. « Wiadomo równiez, ze w celu otrzymania katalizatora o wysokiej selektywnosci nalezalo proces impregnacji lub wytracania soli prowadzic w dosc wysokiej temperaturze, wynoszacej 80-100°C, co jest szczególnie niekorzystne w przypadku katalizatorów na nosniku. < Sposobem wedlug wynalazku proces wytwarzania zwiazków olefinowych ze zwiazków dwuolefinowych prowadzi sie drbga selektywnego uwodorniania alkadienów w obecnosci katalizatora palladowego, pod cisnieniem normalnym lub podwyzszonym, korzystnie w temperaturze 20-60°C. Stosuje sie znane katalizatory palladowe, uprzednio nie dezaktywowane, osadzone ewentualnie na nosniku takim, jak weglan wapniowy lub siarczan barowy, natomiast czynnik dezaktywujacy wprowadza sie do mieszaniny reakcyjnej w postaci dodatku roztworu soli cynku w ilosci 0,01-5% w przeliczeniu na alkadien, przy czym sól cynku stosuje sie w roztworze wodnym, w którym stosunek wody do soli cynku wynosi 1 :1 -50 :1. Stosujac taki proces unika sie kosztownego i skomplikowanego nasycania katalizatora lub wytracania w nim odpowiednich soli na goraco. Proces prowadzi sie latwo, dodajac do mieszaniny poddawanej uwodornianiu cynk w postaci zwiazku rozpuszczonego w wodzie, przy czym dodawanie to prowadzi sie sposobem ciaglym. Sposób ten ma poza tym te zalete, ze dezaktywowany in situ katalizator o wysokiej selektywnosci jest trwalszy w uzyciu niz katalizatory dezaktywowane znanymi sposobami. Nalezy podkreslic, ze w procesie uwodorniania sposobem wedlug wynalazku mozna ten sam2 90383 katalizator stosowac w ciagu dlugiego okresu czasu, poddajac go dzialaniu soli cynku, przy czym katalizator ten wykazuje trwala i bardzo dobra selektywnosc.W solach cynku, stosowanych zgodnie z wynalazkiem, rodzaj anionu nie ma wplywu na selektywnosc katalizatora, ale korzystnie jest, aby sól byla dobrze rozpuszczalna w wodzie.Odpowiednie sa na przyklad sole takie, jak chlorek, siarczan, azotan, octan lub szczawian. Ilosc soli cynku wynosi 0,01—5% wagowych, korzystnie 0,01—2% wagowych w stosunku do ilosci zwiazku dwuolefinowego. Ilosc wody powinna byc co najmniej dostateczna do rozpuszczenia soli cynku w warunkach prowadzenia procesu.Z tego tez wzgledu konieczne jest stosowanie wody w ilosci takiej, aby stosunek wagowy wody do soli rynku wynosil co najmniej 1 : 1. Z powinien byc wyzszy niz 50 :1. W przypadku braku wody, proces uwodorniania zwiazków dwuoiefinowych nie ulega zatrzymaniu w pierwszym stadium, to jest z wytworzeniem zwiazków olefinowych, ale przebiega dalej i powstaja zwiazki nasycone.Stosujac proces wedlug wynalazku korzystnie jest dodawac do mieszaniny reakcyjnej nieco amoniaku, zwlaszcza w' ilosciach nie wiekszych niz 0,5% wagowych w stosunku do ilosci zwiazku dwuolefinowego, aczkolwiek amoniak dodany w ilosciach wiekszych, do 20—30% wagowych, nie wplywaja ujemnie na przebieg reakqi„ < Proces wedlug wynalazku mozna prowadzic sposobem ciaglym lub okresowym w róznej temperaturze, korzystnie w temperaturze 20—60°C, pod cisnieniem normalnym lub podwyzszonym- Nalezy zaznaczyc, ze ilosc soli, która trzeba dodac do mieszaniny reakcyjnej, zalezy od warunków prowadzenia procesu, mianowicie od predkosci reakcji, która z kolei zalezy od cisnienia wodoru, temperatury i sprawnosci urzadzenia mieszajacego.W procesie prowadzonym sposobem wedlug wynalazku absorbowanie wodoru przez mieszanine reakcyjna ustaje, gdy jedno podwójne wiazanie ulega uwodornieniu i nawet wciagu dluzszego okresu czasu dalsze uwodornianie nie zachodzi, praktycznie biorac, wcale.Przyklad I. Cyklopentadien uwodorniano w temperaturze 30°C w obecnosci 2% wagowych kataliza¬ tora palladowego, zawierajacego 5% Pd na weglanie wapniowym. Do autoklawu dodano 0,2% amoniaku, 0,2% dwuwodnego octanu cynku i 0,4% wagowych wody i mieszajac zawartosc autoklawu, przez wydrazony wal mieszadla wprowadzano wodór pod cisnieniem 5 kG/cm2. Przebieg reakcji kontrolowano metoda chromatografii gazowej, pobierajac w regularnych odstepach czasu próbki mieszaniny. Po uplywie 90 minut pochlanianie wodoru ustalo. Selektywnosc procesu, to jest stosunek zawartosci cyklopentenu do sumy zawartosci cyklopen- tenu i cyklopentanu w % molowych, wynosil 99,4, przy czym mieszanina nie zawierala cyklopentadienu, praktycznie biorac, wcale. Po uplywie dalszych 90 minut selektywnosc procesu byla nadal wieksza niz 99%.Przyklad II. Postepowano w sposób analogiczny do opisanego w przykladzie I, lecz stosowano dodatek wody, wynoszacy 1% wagowy. Po zaniknieciu cyklopentadienu produkt zawieral 99,2% cyklopentenu i wartosc ta nie ulegla, praktycznie biorac, zadnej zmianie, jezeli mieszanine pozostawiono w warunkach procesu w ciagu dluzszego czasu.Przyklad III. Postepowano w sposób analogiczny do opisanego w przykladzie I, lecz nie dodawano wody. Po zaniknieciu dwucyklopentadienu uzyskano cyklopenten z selektywnoscia wynoszaca 89%, przy czym po uplywie 30 minut selektywnosc zmniejszyla sie do 74%, a po uplywie dalszych 30 minut wynosila tylko 60%.Przyklad IV i V. Proces uwodornienia prowadzono w sposób analogiczny do opisanego w przykla¬ dzie I, stosujac jako produkt wyjsciowy izopren i pentadien. Po calkowitym zaniknieciu dwuolefin, otrzymano mieszaniny izomerów olefinowych z selektywnoscia 99,1% i 98,7%. PL PLThe subject of the invention is a method of converting alkadienes to alkenes by selective hydrogenation. It is known that diolefin compounds can be hydrogenated in the presence of palladium-containing catalysts, but these processes produce a mixture of olefin compounds and saturated compounds with a composition that cannot be regulated. In order to inhibit the hydrogenation of olefinic compounds, it has been proposed to partially deactivate the palladium catalyst by impregnating it or losing its salts of lead, zinc, mercury, cadmium, thorium, tin and similar metals, but this process is very difficult to be properly practiced. Namely, the conditions of the deactivation process, that is, the temperature, the concentration of the added salts and the duration of the deactivation, are decisive for the results, and a slight deviation from the optimal conditions results in catalysts that are either non-selectively or completely deactivated. "It is also known that in order to obtain a catalyst with a high selectivity, the impregnation or salt precipitation process had to be carried out at a fairly high temperature of 80-100 ° C, which is particularly disadvantageous in the case of supported catalysts. According to the invention, the process of producing olefinic compounds from diolefinic compounds is carried out by selective hydrogenation of alkadienes in the presence of a palladium catalyst, under normal or elevated pressure, preferably at a temperature of 20-60 ° C. Known palladium catalysts are used, not previously deactivated, optionally supported on a carrier such as calcium carbonate or barium sulphate, while the deactivating agent is added to the reaction mixture in the form of an addition of a zinc salt solution in the amount of 0.01-5%, calculated as alkadiene, wherein the zinc salt is used in an aqueous solution in which the ratio of water to zinc salt is from 1: 1 to 50: 1. By using such a process, the costly and complicated impregnation of the catalyst or the hot deposition of the corresponding salts therein is avoided. The process is easily carried out by adding zinc in the form of a compound dissolved in water to the mixture to be hydrogenated, this addition being carried out continuously. This process also has the advantage that in situ deactivating high selectivity catalysts are more durable to use than catalysts deactivated by known methods. It should be emphasized that in the hydrogenation process according to the invention, the same catalyst can be used over a long period of time by exposing it to zinc salt treatment, this catalyst showing a stable and very good selectivity. In the zinc salts used according to the invention, the type of anion the selectivity of the catalyst is not influenced, but it is preferable that the salt is highly soluble in water. For example, salts such as chloride, sulfate, nitrate, acetate or oxalate are suitable. The amount of zinc salt is 0.01-5% by weight, preferably 0.01-2% by weight, based on the amount of the diolefin compound. The amount of water should be at least sufficient to dissolve the zinc salt under the process conditions. For this reason, it is necessary to use water in such an amount that the weight ratio of water to market salt is at least 1: 1. Z should be greater than 50: 1 . In the absence of water, the hydrogenation of the dioieffin compounds is not stopped in the first stage, i.e. to form olefins, but continues and saturated compounds are formed. Using the process according to the invention, it is preferable to add some ammonia to the reaction mixture, especially in amounts no greater than that. less than 0.5% by weight in relation to the amount of the diolefin compound, although ammonia added in greater amounts, up to 20-30% by weight, does not adversely affect the course of the reaction. temperature of 20-60 ° C, under normal or elevated pressure - It should be noted that the amount of salt that needs to be added to the reaction mixture depends on the process conditions, namely the speed of the reaction, which in turn depends on the hydrogen pressure, temperature and efficiency of the equipment In the process according to the invention, the absorption of hydrogen by that the reaction mixture ceases when one double bond is hydrogenated and even for a longer period of time no further hydrogenation takes place, practically not at all. Pd for calcium carbonate. 0.2% ammonia, 0.2% zinc acetate dihydrate and 0.4% by weight water were added to the autoclave and, while stirring the contents of the autoclave, hydrogen was introduced through the expressed stirrer shaft at a pressure of 5 kg / cm 2. The course of the reaction was monitored by gas chromatography, taking samples of the mixture at regular intervals. After 90 minutes had elapsed, the hydrogen uptake was complete. The selectivity of the process, that is, the ratio of the cyclopentene content to the sum of the cyclopentene and cyclopentane content in mole%, was 99.4, the mixture containing virtually no cyclopentadiene at all. After a further 90 minutes, the selectivity of the process was still greater than 99%. Example II. The procedure was analogous to that described in example 1, but with the addition of water of 1% by weight. After the disappearance of cyclopentadiene, the product contained 99.2% of cyclopentene and this value was practically unchanged if the mixture was left under the process conditions for an extended period of time. Example III. The procedure was analogous to that described in example 1, but no water was added. After the disappearance of the dicyclopentadiene, cyclopentene was obtained with a selectivity of 89%, while after 30 minutes the selectivity decreased to 74%, and after a further 30 minutes it was only 60%. Day I, starting from isoprene and pentadiene. After the complete disappearance of the diolefins, mixtures of olefinic isomers with a selectivity of 99.1% and 98.7% were obtained. PL PL

Claims (2)

1. Zastrzezenia patentowe 1. 9posób wytwarzania alkenów przez selektywne uwodornianie alkadienów w obecnosci katalizatora palladowego, dezaktywowanego cynkiem, pod cisnieniem normalnym lub podwyzszonym, w temperaturze korzystnie 20—60°C, znamienny tym, ze alkadien miesza sie z sola cynku, stosowana w ilosci 0,01—5% w przeliczeniu na alkadien, przy czym sól cynku stosuje sie w roztworze wodnym, w którym stosunek wody do soli cynku wynosi 1 :1 — 50 : 1 i poddaje uwodornianiu w obecnosci katalizatora palladowego, uprzednio nie dezaktywowanego, ewentualnie w obecnosci amoniaku.1. Claims 1. 9 Method for the preparation of alkenes by selective hydrogenation of alkadienes in the presence of a zinc-inactivated palladium catalyst at normal or elevated pressure, preferably at a temperature of 20-60 ° C, characterized in that the alkadiene is mixed with a zinc salt, used in an amount 0.01-5% based on the alkadiene, the zinc salt being used in an aqueous solution in which the ratio of water to zinc salt is 1: 1-50: 1 and hydrogenated in the presence of a palladium catalyst which has not previously been deactivated, optionally in the presence of ammonia. 2. Sposób wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienny t y m, ze proces uwodorniania prowadzi sie w obecnosci amoniaku, który stosuje sie w ilosci nie wiekszej niz 0,5% wagowych w przeliczeniu na alkadien. • Prac. Poligraf. UP PRL naklad 120+18 Cena 45 zl PL PL2. The method according to p. The process of claim 1, wherein the hydrogenation process is carried out in the presence of ammonia, which is used in an amount of not more than 0.5% by weight, based on the alkadiene. • Work. Typographer. UP PRL, circulation 120 + 18 Price PLN 45 PL PL
PL1973164309A 1972-07-27 1973-07-26 PL90383B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT27492/72A IT963424B (en) 1972-07-27 1972-07-27 HYDROGENATION PROCESS OF DIOLEFIN HYDRO CARBONS TO OLEFINIC HYDROCARBONS

Publications (1)

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PL90383B1 true PL90383B1 (en) 1977-01-31

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US (1) US3857894A (en)
JP (1) JPS5313602B2 (en)
AR (1) AR227263A1 (en)
AT (1) AT328417B (en)
AU (1) AU477097B2 (en)
BE (1) BE802721A (en)
BG (1) BG21008A3 (en)
BR (1) BR7305591D0 (en)
CA (1) CA1046535A (en)
CH (1) CH588428A5 (en)
CS (1) CS176241B2 (en)
DD (1) DD104500A5 (en)
DK (1) DK136524B (en)
ES (1) ES417524A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2194672B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1428287A (en)
HU (1) HU172415B (en)
IE (1) IE38478B1 (en)
IN (1) IN139205B (en)
IT (1) IT963424B (en)
LU (1) LU68103A1 (en)
NL (1) NL169724C (en)
NO (1) NO139858C (en)
PL (1) PL90383B1 (en)
RO (1) RO70140A (en)
SE (1) SE379533B (en)
TR (1) TR17413A (en)
YU (1) YU35092B (en)
ZA (1) ZA734155B (en)
ZM (1) ZM10573A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3947510A (en) * 1972-07-27 1976-03-30 Snamprogetti S.P.A. Hydrogenation of linear hydrocarbon diolefins to linear hydrocarbon olefins
US4167529A (en) * 1977-11-11 1979-09-11 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Selective hydrogenation of cyclopentadiene to form cyclopentene using Raney nickel catalyst and ammonium hydroxide in the reaction mixture
FI66019C (en) * 1977-12-19 1984-08-10 Unilever Nv FOERFARANDE FOER SELEKTIV HYDRERING AV TRIGLYCERIDOLJA
US4570025A (en) * 1985-06-14 1986-02-11 Phillips Petroleum Company Preparation of alkenes and cycloalkenes
DE3736557A1 (en) * 1987-10-28 1989-05-11 Sued Chemie Ag CATALYST FOR THE SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF MULTIPLE UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS
US6620982B1 (en) 1998-10-07 2003-09-16 Equistar Chemicals, Lp Method of producing purified cyclopentane
CN106694010B (en) * 2016-12-27 2018-08-28 重庆建峰工业集团有限公司 A kind of catalyst and preparation method thereof for half Hydrogenation enol of alkynol

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US2456633A (en) * 1946-11-29 1948-12-21 Universal Oil Prod Co Catalyst preparation
US2728713A (en) * 1952-09-25 1955-12-27 Exxon Research Engineering Co High activity reforming catalysts for use in the hydroforming of naphtha
FR1323307A (en) * 1962-05-21 1963-04-05 Basf Ag Partial hydrogenation of cycloaliphatic compounds containing at least two olefinic double bonds
GB1086639A (en) * 1963-10-29 1967-10-11 Geigy Uk Ltd Production of cyclododecene
CH462809A (en) * 1964-06-03 1968-09-30 Hoffmann La Roche Use of organosulfur compounds to increase the selectivity of hydrogenation catalysts
US3408415A (en) * 1965-09-20 1968-10-29 Uniroyal Inc Catalytic hydrogenation
US3418386A (en) * 1966-07-05 1968-12-24 Columbian Carbon Hydrogenation of cyclooctadienes to cyclooctenes
US3433842A (en) * 1967-04-12 1969-03-18 Universal Oil Prod Co Process for the hydrogenation of trans,cis-1,5-cyclodecadiene to ciscyclodecene
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DE2025411A1 (en) * 1970-05-25 1971-12-09

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Publication number Publication date
AU477097B2 (en) 1976-10-14
CA1046535A (en) 1979-01-16
NL169724C (en) 1982-08-16
DD104500A5 (en) 1974-03-12
LU68103A1 (en) 1973-10-03
ES417524A1 (en) 1976-03-01
JPS4955601A (en) 1974-05-30
NL7310423A (en) 1974-01-29
ZA734155B (en) 1974-11-27
AR227263A1 (en) 1982-10-15
ZM10573A1 (en) 1974-05-21
US3857894A (en) 1974-12-31
ATA658773A (en) 1975-06-15
IE38478L (en) 1974-01-27
NO139858B (en) 1979-02-12
IN139205B (en) 1976-05-22
CH588428A5 (en) 1977-05-31
NL169724B (en) 1982-03-16
IE38478B1 (en) 1978-03-29
JPS5313602B2 (en) 1978-05-11
YU35092B (en) 1980-09-25
FR2194672B1 (en) 1977-08-05
FR2194672A1 (en) 1974-03-01
BE802721A (en) 1973-11-16
DE2338078B2 (en) 1975-08-28
AU5746973A (en) 1975-01-09
GB1428287A (en) 1976-03-17
TR17413A (en) 1975-03-24
DK136524B (en) 1977-10-24
HU172415B (en) 1978-08-28
BG21008A3 (en) 1976-01-20
NO139858C (en) 1979-05-23
DE2338078A1 (en) 1974-02-14
IT963424B (en) 1974-01-10
YU171973A (en) 1980-03-15
RO70140A (en) 1980-02-15
BR7305591D0 (en) 1974-08-29
CS176241B2 (en) 1977-06-30
AT328417B (en) 1976-03-25
SE379533B (en) 1975-10-13
DK136524C (en) 1978-04-03

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