PL89042B1 - Continuous press[us3851685a] - Google Patents

Abstract

A continuous press has two rotatively driven endless conveyor belts forming opposed, substantially linear spans defining a pressing zone, press platens applying pressure through these traveling spans to work carried therebetween, and anti-friction means being interposed between the platens and the spans. Such a press is improved in that the anti-friction means is formed by a multiplicity of endless loops of rotatively unpowered roller chains forming a bed interposed between the platens and the belt spans, the roller chain spans extending longitudinally with respect to the belt spans and being transversely packed together, but each chain being individually free to travel independently with respect to the others and to the belt span. [US3851685A]

Description

The subject of the invention is a press for the production of panels, in particular for the continuous production of panels under pressure and possibly a large thermal interaction, in which the strand is guided between those moving in the direction of travel, extending over its entire width with forming belts. with a closed circumference, in which there are provided, between the forming belts and under and above them, rollers rolling on the panels placed in the support structure, running in the longitudinal plane perpendicular to the strip, these rollers transferring the working pressure from the consistency of the carrying belt It is known from the sheet description of the United States of America 2 142 932, a chipboard baling press in which the phoning tapes are formed by a series of flexes placed crosswise to the strip of steel strips which rest on the support structure pre-tension rollers guided on both sides by chains. The rollers have a relatively small diameter and are positioned close to each other so that the corrugations of the steel Lis'tews do not advantageously arise. The rollers transfer heat from the heated supporting structure to the paisimo forming belts between them. Similar construction, but with connections! It is known from the German patent document 923 172. When such presses are to produce strips with very high tarnish, for example sandwich panels made of heat-hardened plastics, difficulties arise with the correct running of the rollers. Under high pressure, the support gap must be kept very small on the forming tapes due to their flexibility in order to avoid unacceptable bulges of the forming tape between the individual points or lines of support. A slight support gap means, however, when the rollers are used, the diameter of the rollers is small, so that, for the band widths of 2 to 2.5 meters, this results in very long rollers. bends, which with the diameter of the rolls from 10 to mm and the thickness of the old steel strips used 1 to 1.5 mm, can reach a significant size of several hundredths of a millimeter. the roll, but the roll appeared again. The bends are as if moved along the forming belt. This shifting leads, since it is not a system with ideal elastic properties, to the effect of the force of the bent forming belt on the rolls, which take them over their entire length and tend to bend the rolls 89 in the plane. 04282 042 s rolling, so that the rollers in the area between the side chains slightly advance the chains in the direction of the forming belt movement. Such overtaking also occurs with uneven loading of the forming belts over the width of the strand. This phenomenon occurs especially in the pressing of chipboards, which are compressed from the charge placed on the lower forming belt. Such a charge can never be perfectly even, but there are zones which, when pressed for a certain height, give more resistance than the adjacent zones. greater bending presses the rollers more strongly and to overcome them during movement requires greater force, which acts on the rollers and takes them more strongly at points of significant pressure than at neighboring places. As a result, there is a tendency to bend long thin rolls in the rolling plane. The bending loads occurring with each rotation of the bent rollers mean considerable, permanent deformation of the rollers, but it is especially important that the bent roll has very unfavorable running properties if any part of the roll is not aligned with its axis exactly vertical to the running direction. sections are inclined to the longitudinal direction of the forming belt and the support structure. A free rolling saw would mean a lateral displacement of the disc in relation to the forming belt and the support structure and at the same time their mutual lateral displacement. The series of displacements is prevented by the guidance of the mentioned elements in the machine under the action of considerable forces. The forming belts and the supporting structure are held in the opposite position, and the rollers sideways between them. The individual discs, which can theoretically be divided into a roll, want to run diagonally to the waist in certain places, but they can only move in a straight line. In this situation, clean rolling is not possible. Moreover, the size of the rollers in the places where the rollers run properly and in the places where the roll axis stands diagonally, is of different length, so that on a certain section of the circuit, the given places of the rollers move by different angles, that is, they are twisted. The more oblique the position of the roller at a given point, the greater the speed at that point, and this will automatically increase the bend once it has been made. Due to the occurrence of forces restoring the roller to its original shape, an equilibrium is created in which the turning moment due to different rotation angles of individual places of the roller balances the friction acting on the circumference and prevents further turning when the roller is moved in certain places in the direction of Circumferential with respect to the contact surface. This phenomenon thus leads to a significant friction of the rollers, which are not completely straight. With a significant linear pressure, these defects of the rollers play a significant and harmful role, because by constant friction, the molecules and tapes wear out. Repairing the pressure transmission system in a device of the type described is a very difficult undertaking, since the forming belts, rollers and sometimes the support surfaces must be replaced. These are machines with a working width of 2 to 2.5 m and a length of 10 to 20 m, which practically have to be partially refurbished and kept for longer, which naturally also applies to the entire production chain. Therefore, reducing the wear of the elements is of great importance. The described process of friction also increases the power requirement for moving the forming belts. Tape based on correctly running rolls can be pulled much more easily than tapes which must overcome the forces of the diagonally running rolls. The driving force needed to move the forming belt through the pressure area, especially at high working pressure, is considerable and can load the forming belts to the limit of flush resistance. Therefore, the improvement of the running characteristics of the described system is also of great importance in this regard. Finally, the precision requirements of the discs produced are not without significance. When the rolls or strips are worn or tracks are formed in the supporting structure, there may be variations in the thickness of the strand produced, which lie well beyond the tolerance allowed and result in uneven loading of the rolls and corresponding uneven heat transfer. French Patent 1469 225 describes a press for the continuous manufacture of panels. in which, instead of U), arranged across the entire width of the strip of rollers, there are provided rollers arranged transversely to the strip, of which two adjacent rollers are connected by connecting pins. Longitudinally extending ladder chains are arranged between adjacent rollers. This arrangement does not differ significantly in operation from that with bar-shaped rollers. As for the forces exerted on the rollers by the bending of the forming belts, the conditions are essentially the same as in other known presses. However, the effects of these forces are even more negative in the arrangement of the rollers according to French patent specification 1,469,225 than in other solutions, because the rollers are not made simultaneously and are not provided with adequate protection against bending, but are weakened at the points of the pivots. adhering. Thus, a series of rollers transverse to the web are more easily knotted. Above the dito, there is an additional connection with an internal ladder chain. The rollers are not only linked laterally, but also to the front and rear rollers, so that a rolling field is created. As a result, the local failure of one roller bearing is not limited to it, but is transferred through the coupling pins and chain to adjacent rollers and spreads to the surrounding roller system. It is also known from US Patent 3,120,862 to a press, in which, to support the forming belts, there are many adjacent rows of cylindrical rollers running parallel to each other. the supports on the rollers do not bend and Three of which do not occur with related prolificates. For the lateral guidance of the rollers on their tracks, grooves are made both in the supporting structure and in the link chains, in which the rollers run freely and rest with their front surfaces on the sides (grooves. In one embodiment, the rollers run directly behind each other, with considerable circumferential friction of the rollers. paten loop of the United States of America 3,120,862, but with flexible forming belts it is very undesirable, all the more so as it also reduces the amount of heat transferred by the rollers to the surface unit. Cages are also therefore unsuitable because they catch the rollers around the perimeter. When the baskets transmit longitudinal forces, as practice shows, this can happen with uneven chain runs, the friction forces cause a correspondingly greater braking torque. Moreover, the circumference of the roller and the cage are naturally worn, and the greater relative speed around the circumference of the roller is also important. by developing a press structure which, in its longitudinal section, over the entire width of the strand, has roller chains installed closely adjacent to each other, independently moving forward, forming individual segments with rollers with axes transverse to the strand. caused by the bending of the rollers along the entire width of the strip has deleterious consequences. The areas in which different pressures occur at the respective strips are greater than the length of the roll, so that they are not subjected to significantly different working pressures and are therefore not subjected to bending forces. With a 2.5 m wide strip there should be 50 to 100 adjacent roller chains. It is of crucial importance that the adjacent roller chains move independently of each other. Slight deviations in the gear in one roller chain must not be transferred to the adjacent roller chains and disturb their travel. When a roller of a roller chain is for some reason affected by a force which causes it to accelerate slightly, the adjacent rollers of the step roller chain will not be forced obliquely but will remain in the correct position, and an accidental failure of another chain will not have any effect. . By separating the arrangement of rollers transverse to the track, the above-described disadvantages caused by the connection of the rollers along the entire section transverse to the track are eliminated. herself and couldn't run sideways. Roller chains are understood to mean such chains in which individual rollers are mounted on pivots in lateral ladder chains, which have vertical to the plane and roll, running in the rolling direction, holes punched at their ends, the ends of which The ends of consecutive fasteners overlap. Roller chains of this kind may be designed such that the rolls of one chain do not touch but follow each other with the smallest possible interval, which is advantageous in terms of bending. the forming belts and the heat transfer capacity of the system. The chains thus take over the function of the grooves and baskets according to US Pat. No. 3,120,862. The chains can transmit significant longitudinal forces without causing friction on the periphery of the Tolek. The force is transferred on a small radius on the axial pins of the rollers. In order to better apply the heat, it is advantageous if the plates that make up the side surfaces of the rollers on the pressure side are smooth. The word "smooth" means that all the surfaces lying side by side transverse to the strip for individual chains of rollers, it creates a toothless surface. in one part; gaps and small holes can be foreseen in it. on the longitudinal section transverse to the strand, this requires appropriate shaping of the external limitation of the chains roller chains, which must not have protrusions, so that the adjacent roller chains do not snap and an independent free run is ensured. Roller chains can be made as Gall chains with connecting chains on both sides. - multiplicity, since they are commercially available in many standardized dimensions. As a necessity, in this type of chain, there are spacings between adjacent, transverse to the web of rollers, spacings of the width of the fastener, in which this spacing does not rest on the rollers. This is also the case with multi-row chains at the inside point of the couplers. These gaps form longitudinal lanes without support. At a pressure that is not too high, these free spaces do not yet lead to disturbances. However, with certain materials, for example, synthetic resin laminates and the like, it is important to exert considerable pressure as uniformly as possible. Moreover, the rollers of the system in question transfer not only pressure, but also heat from the heated supporting structure to the forming strips and thus to the hardening mass pressed therebetween. The known chains necessarily make it possible to transmit pressure and heat in a band which, with certain resin laminates, leads to defective products. In order to ensure that the high pressure and heat are evenly transferred to the forming belts and the mass between them, the lateral limitation of the successive rolls of the individual strands in the direction of travel are displaced transversely to the direction of travel. that in the transverse direction there is no place of the strand that is permanently free from rollers. The intermediate space between the laterally adjacent rolls is circumscribed by successive roikaani which are displaced relative to the previous roll and reach the intermediate space. It is not necessary that the following roll already covers the entire free space. This can only take place after passing a few rolls. To ensure that this task is solved, the roller chain with the rollers following one another in the direction of the chain and the couplers parallel to the front side of the rollers, is characterized by the fact that two rollers, The fasteners are broken laterally between the rollers. The breakage occurs naturally in the plane of the rolling. It is advantageous in this solution that a relatively large lateral displacement of the following rollers can be obtained in direct succession. With the rollers, the broken element of the connector does not allow for direct pressing of the rollers against each other and increases the support gaps. the continuous press according to the invention serves only to hold the rollers This is when several consecutive connectors connecting two adjacent rolls of connectors are displaced in each case in the same direction of the strand relative to the preceding connector, with simple connectors being used primarily. in the longitudinal direction parallel to the string, but they are diagonally arranged within one string of the chain as a result of repeated displacement, the chain as a whole running straight. 8 of a single tendon are displaced constantly to the same side, and on the side of the single tendon, from which the fasteners move away by displacement, after several consecutive rollers on the edge of the tendon, a new ladder chain begins, while on the other ] using the appropriate number of consecutive rolls ends closest to the edge Ladder chain. Such a chain includes a plurality of mutually parallel but oblique ladder chains extending across the chain. Between these ladder chains, there are many rollers separated by ladder chains, separated by ladder chains. The ladder chains move diagonally along the rolling surface covered by a single rope, which, on the other hand, means that the rollers reach each point of this surface. The solution is that the direction of displacement of the connectors of the ladder chain on several consecutive rollers is changed so that the ladder chains run in a zig-zag fashion in the individual strand, avoiding breaking and re-suspending the chain. Although the coverage of the strand is not completely uniform, since next to the areas that are constantly touched, there are areas that are touched at regular intervals. Ultimately, one single string consists of two ladder chains, the fasteners of which are moved in the opposite direction each time. This type of chains has a different width of the outer rollers so that the outer limiting surfaces of the outer rollers of the tendon lie in the same plane. This feature allows the parallel limitation of the roller chains to be maintained despite not running in the longitudinal direction of the external roller chains. The bearings and ends of the external rollers' pivots are recessed into their front surfaces, this results in an arrangement in which the rollers of adjacent legs, that is, their bearing areas, meet "directly with each other, previous to the strand. there are no fasteners that determine free expansion number of formula tapes. Inside the individual strings, the operation of the existing ladder chains is tolerated by their diagonal guidance. The independent running of adjacent strands is ensured while the entire surface is rolled simultaneously. , flat, standing vertically to the plane of the belts rolling. The belts between the roller chains separate them completely from each other, so that the transmission of different longitudinal movements of adjacent roller chains by friction or snagging of the protruding edges is prevented. 40 45 50 65 0089042 9 In one embodiment, the strips are arranged permanently in the longitudinal direction on the supporting structure. The roller chains run along the belt on both sides. To hold the belts, they can be tensioned on the tensioners located at the ends of the support structure. the belts are only located between the pressure-transmitting sections of the roller chain between the plates of the support structure and the forming belts. In another version, the endless belts run around the drums in a longitudinal plane perpendicular to the web, and the belts then move essentially parallel to the roller chains, the belts being guided by 90 ° rotation at the turning points at the front and rear of the supporting structure to avoid bending. and the flat side may be folded. In one embodiment, the belts have a width smaller than the diameter of the rollers and are placed between the plates and the forming tapes (s). the width is calculated so as to fit between the plates and the shaping strips, but in any case cover the area in which the projections of adjacent ladder chains may be caught. The straps need to be fastened only at the ends protruding from the working pressure-bearing part of the support structure. In some cases, even fastening at the rear end is sufficient when looking in the direction of the ladder chains, because the straps are pulled tight by the movement of adjacent ladder chains. and held in position. In order to give the whole system of roller chains lateral guidance, at least one of the belts may run its longitudinal edge into the longitudinal groove of the panel and protrude from the rim between the chains. The grooves needed for the belts are narrow and do not require special accuracy as to As the belts are relatively thin, and when making very narrow grooves, the machining difficulties again increase, it is preferable to insert an additional insert strip into the groove next to a part of the belt. The width of the groove then corresponds to the sum of the thicknesses of the belt and the insertion belt, so that despite the thin belt the groove has a width that is easy to make. The belt may be wedged and held in the groove by the insert belt. between every second roller chain. The variation deliberately provides that the belts recessed into the plates occur at intervals every few roller chains over the width of the strip. As the belts do not transmit significant forces, but are only intended to prevent the edges and protrusions of the adjacent roller chains were assembled, so they do not have to be very stable, 1 they can be made of steel, for example a steel strip about 1 mm thick, while the flat sides of the steel strip can be covered with a lining to reduce friction for example, a sprayed layer of Teflon or a plastic layer. wu to the entrance. On the one hand, this can be done in such a way that the chains are guided outside the support structure. However, discharge may also take place in such a way that a pressure-transmitting plate is arranged between the support structure and the adjacent shaping belt, which has grooves on the side facing away from the belt, with a depth greater than the diameter of the rollers and a width corresponding to that of the rollers. widths of the ladder chains. These grooves run the chains back to the entrance, but due to the greater depth of the grooves they do not transmit forces and move unloaded. The transverse spacing of the grooves corresponds to the spacing of the ladder chains. It is equal to the spacing of the remaining ribs between the ribs, which must transmit all the pressure, and therefore cannot be arbitrarily narrow as would be desirable for the small spacing of the individual legs. where the grooves are more densely placed, it is preferable that the plate has a thickness greater than twice the diameter of the rolls. the lateral boundary surfaces run side by side without interruption. The support structure preferably comprises a heavy plate containing heating channels and around which the rollers run in a longitudinal plane perpendicular to the strip. the sides on its upper side at the ends of the disc are devices for changing direction, direct and the rollers with the side facing the forming belt to the other side of the plates, or vice versa. With prolonged use of this type of equipment, especially when processing powdered or fine-grained material, it may happen that particles of this material get into between the plates and the forming belts and contaminate the roller tracks there. In order to minimize this risk as much as possible, it is preferable that a slight pneumatic overpressure is exerted in the area where the rollers roll between the carrier structure and the associated pressure-transmitting forming belt. this area because in any existing opening there is an inward to outward flow. In order to maintain this overpressure, the area between the support structure and the assigned forming belt is a shielded tightly connected to the support structure, the shield which has sealing gaskets relative to the forming tapes, and a supply of compressed air. is to arrange a closed circuit of the rollers in a sealed casing, especially at the rollers that are led to the outside around the supporting structure. ; Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the device according to Fig. 1 in longitudinal section; Fig. 3 shows the device according to Fig. 1 on a slightly enlarged scale in cross section; FIG. 4 shows the dotted frame marked in FIG. 3, the edge region of the pressure-transmitting plate in a partial cross-section; Fig. 5 is a partial section view of the exemplary embodiments as shown in Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a partial longitudinal section of the plate section of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention as in Fig. 4; Fig. 8 is an example according to Fig. 7, in a partial section; 9 to 11 illustrate an exemplary embodiment of roller chains especially suitable for presses according to the invention. Fig. 1 shows a press for the production of particle boards, mineral bonded building boards, for sintering Teflon Ltp strands. It comprises an upper shaping belt 1 of a steel sheet having a thickness of about 1 to 1.5 mm and the same lower shaping belt 2. Between the shaping strips 1, 2 on section 3, a strand 4 is pressed, which is formed from the hopper 4 ', which consists of the above-mentioned materials. The upper shaping belt 1 runs around rollers or drums 5, 6 arranged transversely to the web 4. The drum 6 is mounted in a fixed rack 7, and the drum 5 in a rack 9 pivoting around a wheel the axis transverse to the strand 4 placed in the support 8 on the ground. The stand 9 is moved by a hydraulic cylinder 10 and thus tightens the forming belt 1. The forming belt 2 runs transversely to the web of drums 11, 12, of which the drum 11 is mounted in a fixed stand 13, and the drum 12 in a moving stand 14. on rails. The table 14 is shifted by the hydraulic cylinder in the longitudinal direction of the web, thereby tensioning the forming belt 2. The forming belts are driven by the drum. * The shaping strips 1, 2 run through the device in the direction indicated by arrows 16, so that the device provided on the right according to FIG. 1, by means of the device not shown, is drawn into the section 3. The compressed strip 4 running out. is removed by the device, not shown, on the left side of the forming belt 2. In section 3, an upper support structure 17 is placed inside the forming belt 1, which cooperates with the lower support structure 18 located inside the lower forming belt 2 and presses against it. facing the compressed strand 4 areas of forming strips 1, 2 to this strand 4 and press them flat with great force. and below the forming belts 1, 2 and the strips 4 (FIG. 2). Each pair of spars 19, 20 is laterally connected to each other outside the band so as to form individual forcefully closed pressure members. The connection is made, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, by strong pins 21 which act between the supports 22, 23 which are connected to the end-plates 24, 25 of the girders 19, 20. The pins 21 can be represented by engine. The joining force is exerted by a hydraulic cylinder. The lower spars 20 transmit their force through a hydraulically filled pressure pad 56 which ensures even pressure across the strand widths even with bent spars. Each pair of spars 19 is assigned one pressure pad or common to several spars. Between the spars 19 and cushions 56 and the formula strips 1, 2 there are thick plates 26, 27 which, exerted by the individual pressure members 19, 20, transfer the surface force to the form strips and which have channels containing heating elements or filled with a medium. Between the sides of the plates 26, 27 and the forming strips 1, 2 facing the sideline, roller chains are arranged, on which the forming strips 1, 2 unfold in relation to the plates 26, 27 and which run around the longitudinal plane of the vertical plate 26, 27. The structure of the roller chains is explained in detail in FIGS. 4 to 8. The rollers of the roller chains transmit both the pressure and the heat of the plates 26, 27 to the forming belts 1, 2 and thus to the web 4. The roller chains after reaching the the ends of the section 3 are directed back to the correct pressing area, i.e. between the bars 19, 20 and the plates 26, 27 as shown in Fig. 2. However, it is also possible to perform and the roller chains to the outside, around the support structure, as indicated in Fig. 2 at the support structure 18. Along the section 3, it is also possible to arrange several plates, which are made like plates 26, 27. entry 57 of plate 26 'at point 28 from the leftmost part of plate 26 as shown in FIG. 2 and for two sets of roller chains which run separately around plate 26 and plate 26'. Fig. 4 shows the first version of the plates 26, 27 and the assigned arrangement of the roller chains. In this version, a plate 30 is provided which has a smooth lower surface 32. The surface 32 is not divided by ribs or the like and can easily be machined. The surface 32 forms a common track for the adjacent roller chains 33. The roller chains 33 consist of individual, immediately following, parallel rollers 34 which are connected with each other straight down to the rolling plane. and running in the rolling direction of couplings 35 and axle pins 36. The studs 36 form both the axis 40 45 50 55 6013 the path of the roller 34 as well as the articulated mounting of the coupler 35. The roller chains 33 each form individual links 58 Adjacent links 58 (they may run independently of each other, for this purpose in this variation the outer sides of the couplings 35 are smooth and the heads of the pivots 36 are countersunk. strength and in which no force may occur, which leads to the curved circulation of the individual rolls 34. In the embodiment shown, rolls 34 may have a diameter of 12.7 mm. that the channels 40, which at their ends are connected to sealed supply lines 41, and supply the plate 30 with heat which is needed to cure the mass forming the strand 4. To avoid heat loss between the top side of the plate 30, that is facing the structure 17 or 18, and the girder 19 or 20 facing this side, a thermally insulating intermediate plate 42 is placed. The solution according to Figs. 5 and 6 differs from the solution according to Fig. 4, that belts 100, which in this solution are made of a steel strip about 1 m thick and a width slightly smaller than the diameter of the rollers 34. The belts 100 are positioned vertically with a narrow edge extending between each two roller chains 33 along the entire length 3. The belts 100 are held at the ends schematically depicted in FIG. 6 by tensioners 101 provided beyond the plate 30. The particularly high tensioning of the belts 100 is not t needed. It is only necessary to prevent the belts from being carried away by the running roller chains 33. The belts 100 are closed between the smooth surface 32 of the plate 30 and the forming belt 1. The belts 100 serve to separate the adjacent roller chains 33 and stop the belts. run for the hooking of the heads 39 and the edges of the connectors 35. Figure 6 shows the ends of the plate 30 which have elements 37 that guide the roller chains 33 from the surface 32 so that they can be led over the substructure. a trench to the other end of the plate 30 and thus roller chains 33 run along the plate 30 and the support structure. The elements 37 are wedged by springs 38 at the ends of the plate 30. Figures 7 and 8 show another arrangement of the plates 26, 27 with roller chains. Here plate 26, 27 is composed of a heating plate and (support 43 and a separate return plate 44. Plate 43 has heating channels which are connected to closed lines by pipes 45. Between the underside of plate 43 and a forming belt 1 run roller chains 60. which on both sides of the chain consisting of fasteners 35 have rollers 34, into which the ends of the pivots 3 are recessed (£. On the side limitations of the plate 43 there are guide rails 46 for all the roller chains 60. The roller chains 60 form the individual links. 58, which can run independently of each other. Between the roller chains 60 are arranged bands 100 between the roller chains 60, which separate the rock chains 60 from each other and prevent the rollers 34 from catching on their edges. three strips J00 are provided, which are freely distributed between the lower side of the plate 43 and the forming belt 1. According to FIG. a guide that is positioned and firmly with respect to the plate 43, while the free bands 100 may move with respect to the plate 43. The groove 102 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the plate 43. It may have a width corresponding to a strip 100 'and the strip 100' is inserted directly without inserts. To make the groove easier to make, the groove is wider than the belt 102 and next to the belt 100 'an insert 103 is wedged in the groove 102 which holds the belt 100 in the groove 102. Fig. 8 shows the entry of the section 3. The roller chains move in in the direction of the arrow 104. In this running direction it is sufficient to place the tensioner on the right end of the belt 100 according to Fig. 8. and further, the strip 100 is held between the lower side of the plate 43 and the upper side of the forming belt 1. While in the embodiment of Figs. 5 and 6, the reversing of the roller chains 33 has taken place outside of the structure 17, 18 as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. this is accomplished by special return plates 44 which are positioned between the support structure 17, 18 and the plates 43. The return plates 44 are more than twice as thick as the diameter of the rollers of the roller chain 60. On the side facing the gates 19 or 20 ply the return grooves 44 have return grooves 47 and on the side facing the upper side of the board 43 return grooves 48. The grooves 47, 48 are displaced from one another transversely to the strip 40 so that the side limiting surfaces 49, 50 lie substantially vertically above the board. In this way also the respective limiting surfaces of the adjacent roll chains extend almost in one plane, ie only displaced by the width of the strips 100, 100 '. The force giving the working pressure is transmitted through the intermediate regions 51 which exist because the thickness of the plate 44 is greater than twice the diameter of the rollers. Also at the ends of this plate 50 are provided elements 52 which guide the roller chains 60 from the lower side of the plate to its upper side or in the opposite direction. The elements 52 have different turning radii for the adjacent roller chains, so that the roller chains 60 can reach the grooves 47, 48 at different heights in the plate 44. The version according to Figs. 7 and 8 provides for maintenance in the rolling area of the roller chains 60 of slight pneumatic overpressure in order to prevent the adaptation of the dust to this area. For this purpose, a cover 53 is provided between the support structure, i.e. the spars 19 and the shaping strip 1, which is tightly connected to the support structure and sealed against the gasket 54 running around the shaping strip 1. is supplied by the supply of compressed air 55. It is essential for the discussed solutions that two adjacent chains 33 or 60 move independently of each other. The entirety of the support elements form a field which is divided in the longitudinal direction by the individual strands 58 which, with a suitable load, can shift longitudinally with respect to each other. Thus, the forces caused by the uneven absorption by the shape belts must not be created in the roller chain system. There are cases where very high pressure must be distributed very evenly and temperature differences must be small. In this case, the arrangement of the chain according to Figs. 4 and 5 does not lead to the desired results. Therefore, other types of chains have been developed in which there are no gaps between the rollers. Such a chain is shown in Fig. 9. Chain 70 has broken links 71 and rollers 72, 73 of different lengths which are positioned alternately according to the break so that the outer parallel stop surfaces 74, 75 run parallel. The spaces 76 between the rollers, including the connectors, are displaced laterally from each other by the breakage of the connectors 71. The space 76 between the upper rollers 72, 73 is covered by the next roll 72 as chain 70 moves upward. Since the adjacent chains 70 can directly contact due to the parallel boundary surfaces 74 and 75, the entire pressing surface of the profile tapes 1, 2 is encompassed by this type of chain arrangement. Another embodiment is shown in Fig. 10 in the form of a chain 80, which has simple fasteners 81. However, these fasteners are not arranged in a single line parallel to the direction of travel, but multiple consecutive fasteners are moved in the same direction. For example, fasteners 81 * in Fig. 10 are positioned upwardly relative to link 81. Link 81b is again displaced upward relative to link 81a. The fastener 81c is displaced downwardly relative to the fastener 81b, and a further four fasteners are also displaced downward to the fastener 81d, from which the upward movement begins again. The entire series of links 81, 81a, etc. runs in a zig-zag fashion in the chain 80 so that the space left by two rollers is covered by one of the following rollers. the longitudinal end of the chain 81 than the connectors of the string 81. Each member of the chain 80 consists of three rollers, the width of which varies periodically and generally completes a string with parallel boundary planes 83, 84. Three rollers one of the member are held by a pin 85, the head of which 86 is positioned in the recess 87 and does not extend beyond the limiting planes 83, 84. Chain 80 corresponds to the chain shown in Figures 6 and 7. Adjacent chains 80 contact with their end faces. 83, 84, so there is no gap in these places. with rollers of the chain so that a uniform load is obtained on the pressing surface or the forming strip 1, 2. Fig. 11 shows a further embodiment of the chain. Chain 90 is similarly structured to chain 80 with the difference that the fasteners 91a, 91b, 91c are always moved in the same direction with respect to the previous link. The connecting strings thus run diagonally to a bounded parallel chain 90. The evenness of the end surfaces 97, 99 is obtained by appropriate gradation of the length of the individual rolls. After a certain number of rolls, the top link of the fasteners 91 comes closer to the edge so that the corresponding roll is very narrow. At this point, the link of the linkages 91 is broken and a wide roll 93 is added, which has the width of both front rollers 92 and 92 'and joins the next string of chain 96. the distance of the link of linkage 96 from the side limitation of chain 90, the roll 92 "lying one segment in front of roll 92" having a length corresponding to roll 93. Only two rollers 93 'and 93 "are joined to roll 92", between which the rollers begin new legs of chain 98. On the other side, 96 roll 93 'joins. Thus, there is a stroke, at which the existing legs of chain 91 and 96 replaced the legs 96 and 98. Due to the design of the side limitations of the rollers, chain 90 corresponds to chain 80 In all chains 70, 80, 90, the outer rollers are mounted on one side in the connectors of the ladder chains, which allows the adjacent strands to come into direct contact. invention of the invention for cases in which, in particular, on surface uniform support, rolling or heat transfer.

Claims (31)

1. Claims 1. A plate-making press, in particular a press for the total application of surface pressure to a section of plates under pressure and possibly under thermal influence, in which the strand is guided over its entire width between the strips that move in the direction of moving, extending over the entire width of the strip, forming tapes with a closed circumference and in which are provided between the forming tapes and under and above them, rollers rolling on the boards placed in the supporting structure, circling in an endless sequence in the longitudinal plane, perpendicular to the strip where these rollers transfer the working pressure from the supporting structure to the forming belts, 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 5517 characterized in that in their longitudinal section (3) over the entire width of the strip (4), they are installed closely next to each other, independently moving moving towards the strand (4) roller chains (33, 60, 70, 80, 90) forming single segments, mating with plants with axes transverse to the strand (4). 2. Press according to claim A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the running surfaces of the rollers of the roller chains (33, 60, 70, 80, 90) are smooth on the pressure side of the plate (30, 43). 3. ' 3. Press according to claim A chain according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the roller chains (33, 60, 70, 80, 90) in the section (3) directly adjoin each other in a direction transverse to the strand (4). 4. Press according to claim The method of claim 3, characterized in that the lateral restraints of the consecutive rollers in the roller chain (70, 80, 90) are displaced in relation to each other transversely to the direction of travel. 5. Press according to claims The device according to claim 4, characterized in that it has fasteners (71) connecting each two consecutive rollers (72), (73), laterally folded between the rollers (72, 73). 6. Press according to claims The coupler according to claim 4, characterized in that it has fasteners (81, 91) connecting two adjacent rollers each time, each successive fastener (81, 91) being displaced in the same direction in relation to the previous one. 7. Press according to claim 6. The apparatus of claim 6, characterized in that the fasteners (81, 91) are straight. 8. Press according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the connectors (9a, 91b, 91c) of one roller chain (90) are always displaced in the same direction in relation to each other, forming a ladder chain on the side of the roller chain from which they are separated by displacement ladder chains, after several consecutive rolls a new ladder chain (98) is added at the edge of the roller chain, while on the other side the ladder chain (91) is broken on the other side by the appropriate number of consecutive rolls. closest to the edge. 9. Press according to claim The chain according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the direction of displacement of the connectors (81) of the chain (80) alternately changes over several consecutive rollers so that the ladder chains (80) run in a zigzag pattern. 10. Press according to claims A device according to claim 9, characterized in that it has two link chains (81, 82) in which the links are each displaced in opposite directions. 11. Press according to claim The roller chain according to claim 5 or 10, characterized in that the outer limiting surfaces (74, 75, 88, 84, 97, 99) of one side of the roller chain lie in the same plane. 12. Press according to claim 11. The apparatus of claim 11, characterized in that the outer rollers are mounted on one side. 13. Press according to claim The device of claim 12, characterized in that the ends (86) of the roll nipples (85) of the outer rollers are recessed into their end faces. 14. Press according to claims A device according to claim 13, characterized in that between the two roller chains (33, 60) are flat belts (100, 100 ') extending in the sliding direction perpendicular to the plane of the rollers. 15. Press according to claim 14, characterized in that the belts (100, 100 ') are fixed in relation to the support structure (17, 18), 16. Press according to claim 15. The belt as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that the belts (100, 100 ') are tightened by tensioners (101) located at the ends of the support structure (17, 18). 17. Press according to claim 16. A method according to claim 16, characterized in that the belts (100, 100 ') are only arranged between the sections of the roller chain (33, 60) that transmit and the pressure between the support structure (17, 18) and the forming belts (1, 2). 18. Press according to claims 17. The strip of claim 17, characterized in that the stripes (100 ') in the longitudinal plane perpendicular to the strip (4) have the form of endless stripes. 15 19. Press according to claim 18. The strip according to claim 18, characterized in that the strips (100) have a width smaller than the diameter of the plants and are arranged between the plates (30, 43) and the forming belts (1, 2). 20. Press according to claim 18. The plate of claim 18, characterized in that at least one of the bands (100 ') is countersunk longitudinal edge into a longitudinal groove (102) in the plate (43). 21. Press according to claim 20, characterized in that an insertion belt (103) is inserted into the longitudinal groove (102) next to the belt portion Z5 in it (100 '). 22. Press according to claims 20 or 21, characterized in that the strips (100 ") recessed into the plate are arranged transversely to the strand (4) at intervals of 30 every several roller chains. 23. Press according to claim 22, characterized in that the belts (100, 100 ') are steel. 24. Press according to claim 23. The belt of claim 23, characterized in that the belts (100, 100 ') have a friction-reducing veneer on the flat sides. 25. Press according to claim 22, characterized in that the belts (100, 100 ') are plastic. 26. Press according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that a pressure-transmitting plate (26, 27, 30, 44) is arranged between the support structure (17, 18) 40 and the forming belt (1, 2) assigned to it, which on the side facing away from the forming belt has grooves (31, 47, 48) arranged in the direction of translation, with a depth exceeding the diameter of the rollers and a width corresponding to the width of the roller chain (33, 60). 27. Press according to claim 26, characterized in that the plate (44) has a thickness greater than twice the diameter of the rolls and alternately has one groove with a depth exceeding the diameter on the side facing away from the forming belt and one groove with a depth of bone exceeding the diameter of the rolls. on the side facing the forming belt. 28. Press according to claim 27, characterized in that the mutually facing side limiting surfaces (49, 50) of adjoining grooves (47, 48) lie in a single plane. 29. Press according to claim Device 28, characterized in that at the ends of the plates (26, 27), devices (37, 52) for changing the direction are provided, which guide the rollers to the roller chains (33, 60) from the side of the plate (26, 27) facing to the given shaping belt (1, 2) to the other side or vice versa. 30. Press according to claims 29, characterized in that the axis in the area where the rollers roll is transferred pressure between the support structure (17, 18) and running forming belt (1, 2). there is a slight pneumatic overpressure. 32. Press according to claim 31, characterized by that 31. Press according to claims 30, characterized in that the entire circuit without the end of the rollers is closed in the area between the support structure (17, 18), which is not sealed against the ingress of contaminants, and the assigned forming belt (1, 2) of the joint, tightly attached to the joint. support structure (17, 18) oslo-89 042 fig. 5 fig. 6 fig. 889 042% "/" aw "5 Works. Typographer. UP PRL, circulation 120 + 18 Price PLN 10 PL PL