PL83451B1 - - Google Patents
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- PL83451B1 PL83451B1 PL1972157611A PL15761172A PL83451B1 PL 83451 B1 PL83451 B1 PL 83451B1 PL 1972157611 A PL1972157611 A PL 1972157611A PL 15761172 A PL15761172 A PL 15761172A PL 83451 B1 PL83451 B1 PL 83451B1
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/4334—Polyamides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/52—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by applying or inserting filamentary binding elements
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/593—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives to layered webs
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
- D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/126—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of bituminous material or synthetic resins
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24033—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including stitching and discrete fastener[s], coating or bond
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
- Y10T428/24446—Wrinkled, creased, crinkled or creped
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
- Y10T442/102—Woven scrim
- Y10T442/159—Including a nonwoven fabric which is not a scrim
Description
Uprawniony z patentu: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Leverkusen (Repu¬ blika Federalna Niemiec) Element budowlany zapobiegajacy erozji w postaci pasm runa iglowanego Przedmiotem wynalazku jest element budowlany zapobiegajacy erozji, skladajacy sie z warstwy ru¬ na wykonanego ze skedzierzawionych wlókien po¬ liamidowych o wysokim mianie.Stosowanie tkanin z syntetycznych wlókien do umacniania tasm i scian zbiorników lub zasobni¬ ków wody jest znane. W wiekszych obiektach sto¬ sowanie tkanin tekstylnych jako elementów chro¬ niacych przed erozja lub jako elementów umacnia¬ jacych nie moze byc brana pod uwage ze wzgle¬ dów gospodarczych.Znane jest równiez stosowanie pasm runowych z syntetycznych wlókien jako elementów zapobie- ^jacych erozji, do umacniania grobli, brzegów, plaz, tam i skarp rzek i kanalów. Dzieki ich przestrzennemu ukladowi pasma te umozliwiaja osiaganie zadanego dzialania saczacego, przy czym elastycznosc pasm ulatwia dostosowanie ich do po¬ dloza, co zapobiega podmywaniu i osuwaniu sie gruntu.Pasma te nie ulegaja równiez gniciu i próchnie¬ niu, przy czym w celu unieruchomienia miejsc krzyzowania sie i stykania wlókien stosuje sie srodki wiazace. Runa takie mozna utrwalac za po¬ moca wlókien sklejajacych sie przez stapianie.Takie pasma runowe o duzej objetosci stosuje sie wszedzie, gdzie chodzi o zapobieganie erozji wodnej lub erozji powodowanej przez wiatry. Pa¬ sma te umocowuje sie np. przez obciazanie kamie¬ niami, wypelnianie piaskiem, zwirem lub betonem u 15 20 25 30 naftalowym i/lub ziemia albo za pomoca kolków.Pasma runowe mozna tez stosowac do umacniania powierzchni trawiastych, do hamowania przesuwa¬ nia sie diun do umacniania tam lub grobli.Stwierdzono jednak, ze runa o zwyklej budowie jako elementy do umacniania spelniaja nie wszystkie wymagania dotyczace wytrzymalosci i zachowywania ksztaltu.Element budowlany wedlug wynalazku z laczo¬ nych pasm runowych z syntetycznych wlókien o wysokim mianie nie ma 'tych wad i nadaje sie bardzo dobrze jako element zabezpieczajacy przed erozja.Element budowlany wedlug wynalazku, który stanowi pasmo wlókniny iglowanej, skladajace sie z warstwy runa wykonanego ze skrzedzierzawio- nych wlókien poliamidowych, polaczonej z warstwa tkaniny siatkowej, przy czym wlóknina powleczona jest srodkiem wiazacym, charakteryzuje sie tym, ze grubosc jego wlókien poliamidowych wynosi 50— —250, korzystnie 30—140 denier, a ich dlugosc 20^150, korzystnie 40—100 mm, zas ilosc przekluc wlókniny 60—180, korzystnie 80^120 na 1 cm2, a grubosc warstwy runa wynosi 4—10 mm, a jej ciezar 500—2000 g/m2, przy czym tkanina siatkowa ¦z wlókien syntetycznych ciaglych zawiera na 1 cm2 co najmniej po dwie nitki watkowe i osnowowe i jest umieszczona w dolnej Vt czesci warstwy runa, a srodkiem wiazacym jest odporny na dzialanie wody srodek na podstawie estru kwasu poliakrylo- 83 45183451 wego w ilosci co najmniej 15%, korzystnie 20—45% wagowych.Jako srodek wiazacy na podstawie poliakrylanu stosuje sie np. samosieciujace sie estry kwasu akrylowego, korzystnie ester butylowy. Korzystnie stosuje sie je w postaci wodnych dyspersji, które moga zawierac dodatki wypelniaczy, takich jak siarczan barowy, kaolin lub kreda. Dodatki te maja na celu zwiekszenie ciezaru wlasciwego ele¬ mentu i przyspieszanie jego opadania w wodzie przy ukladaniu mat pod woda. Przyspieszenie opa¬ dania w wodzie uzyskuje sie równiez korzystnie przez dodawanie srodków zwilzajacych w ilosci 2—20% wagowych, korzystnie w ilosci 4—10% wa¬ gowych w stosunku do gotowej warstwy runa.Jako srodki zwilzajace stosuje sie kwasy alkilo- -(arylo)-sulfonowe lub ich sole, a takze zwiazki niejonowe.Elementy wedlug wynalazku zawieraja korzyst¬ nie tkanine siatkowa z wielonitkowej przedzy po¬ liestrowej o mianie 900—1200 denier, przy czym tkanina ta powinna miec na 1 cm2 po 4 nitki osnowy i watku, a ciezar jej 1 m2 powinien wyno¬ sic 80—160 g, korzystnie 100—150 g. Tkanine siat¬ kowa umieszcza sie w dolnej 1/3 czesci pasma ru¬ nowego tak, ze petle wlókien wystajace w dolnej powierzchni runa zapewniaja dobra przyczepnosc do ochranianego podloza. Tkanina siatkowa jest z obu stron chroniona warstwami runa przed dzia¬ laniami mechanicznymi, np. przed uderzeniami ka¬ mieniami.Tylko przy spelnieniu tych wszystkich szcze¬ gólnych warunków dotyczacych miana wlókien tworzacych runo, sposobu wytwarzania runa, okreslonej wyzej tkaniny siatkowej, gestosci na¬ kluc, zawartosci srodka wiazacego i innych do¬ datków, grubosci i ciezaru 1 m2 pasma runowego, uzyskuje sie element budowlany spelniajacy za¬ dane wymagania, zalezne np. od stopnia uziarnie- nia chronionego podloza i nadajacy sie do stoso¬ wania jako element zabezpieczajacy przy budowie grobli i kanalów.Pasma runowe stanowiace jeden ze skladników elementu budowlanego wedlug wynalazku mozna wytwarzac w znany sposób we wszystkich urzadze¬ niach przeznaczonych do wytwarzania run, ko¬ rzystnie dzialajacych na zasadzie aerodynamicznej.Srodek wiazacy w postaci wodnej dyspersji na¬ klada sie na naklute runo np. przez napawanie lub opryskiwanie i nastepnie kondensuje przewaznie w podwyzszonej temperaturze. W tym celu pasmo runowe przeciaga sie przez ogrzewana pare wal¬ ców (kalander).W celu wytworzenia zapobiegajacego erozji ele¬ mentu budowlanego wedlug wynalazku w postaci naklutych pasm runowych, skedzierzawione wlókna ciete poliamidowe o grubosci 5—250 denier for¬ muje sie aerodynamicznie i/lub na zgrzeblarce w runo, które laczy sie za pomoca tkaniny siatko¬ wej i nastepnie impregnuje odpornym na dzialanie wody srodkiem wiazacym na podstawie poliakry¬ lanu, po czym poddaje obróbce cieplnej w tempe¬ raturze 100—150°C. Przy wytwarzaniu elementów w postaci mat, które pod wlasnym ciezarem tona w wodzie, do wytworzonego w wyzej opisany spo¬ sób elementu, razem ze srodkiem wiazacym dodaje sie srodek wykonczajacy w postaci substancji zwil¬ zajacej i ewentualnie wypelniacza o duzym cieza¬ rze wlasciwym, np. siarczan barowy, kaolin lub 5 krede.Nastepujace przyklady blizej wyjasniaja wyna¬ lazek.Przyklad I. Wlókna ciete z poliaminu-6, be¬ dace mieszanina zawierajaca 70% wagowych wló- 10 kien o grubosci 70 denier i ich dlugosci 90 mm oraz 30% wagowych mieszaniny wlókien o grubosci 5—30 denier, miesza sie w urzadzeniu do miesza¬ nin wlókien i w sposób ciagly za pomoca zgrzeb- larki wytwarza z tych wlókien pasmo runowe 15 o ciezarze 1 m2 wynoszacym okolo 500 g. Otrzy¬ mane runo, razem z poliestrowa tkanina z przedzy o grubosci 1100 denier, majaca na 1 cm2 po 4 nitki osnowowe i watkowe, nakluwa sie za pomoca urza¬ dzenia o podzialce uiglenia 28 i 110 nacieciach, po 20 czym razem z wodna zawiesina zawierajaca 20% wagowych estru butylowego kwasu poliakrylowego prowadzi przez uklad ogrzewanych walców i wy¬ gniata, suszy w temperaturze 120°C i poddaje pro¬ cesowi kondensacji w temperaturze 150°C. 25 Przyklad II. Wlókna ciete w poliamidu-6 o grubosci 130 denier i ich dlugosci 60 mm poddaje sie przeróbce w aerodynamicznym urzadzeniu do wytwarzania runa, otrzymujac runo o ciezarze 1000 g/m2. Otrzymane pasmo runowe przerabia sie 30 dalej w sposób opisany w przykladzie I i po po¬ traktowaniu estrem butylowym kwasu poliakrylo¬ wego impregnuje 70% roztworem wodnym srodka zwilzajacego, skladajacego sie z 70% wagowych sulfonianu alkilowego o 12—22 atomach wegla 35 w rodniku alkilowym i 30% wagowych eteru no- nylofenolowego poliglikolu (7 moli tlenku etylenu), przy czym na 1 m2 pasma runowego wprowadza sie do runa 120 g tego roztworu. Po wysuszeniu w temperaturze 100°C otrzymuje sie gotowe pa- 40 smo runowe o ciezarze okolo 1500 g/m2 i grubosci 9 mm, zawierajace 6% wagowych srodka zwilza¬ jacego.Rysunek przedstawia przekrój poprzeczny ele¬ mentu budowlanego wedlug wynalazku w postaci 45 pasma runowego z wlókien z poliamidu-6. Pasmo 1 jest wykonane ze skrzedzierzawionych wlókien 2 z poliamidu-6 o srednicy 0,10 mm i dlugosci 60 mm, przy czym czesc petli wlókien jest zlaczona za po¬ moca siatkowej tkaniny majacej nitki watkowe 4. 5e Runo jest polaczone w urzadzeniu do uiglania o podzialce uiglenia 28 i 90 nacieciach na 1 m2.Zawartosc srodka wiazacego na podstawie polia¬ krylanu wynosi 30% wagowych. Tkanina siatkowa w tym elemencie ma na 1 cm2 4 nitki osnowowe 55 i 4 nitki watkowe z poliestrowej przedzy wielonit¬ kowej o grubosci 1100 denier i ciezar 1 m2 tej tkaniny wynosi 110 g. Gotowe pasmo runowe ma grubosc 8 mm i ciezar 1600 g/m2. 60 PL PLProprietor of the patent: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Leverkusen (Federal Republic of Germany) Needle-fleece strips anti-erosion construction element. The subject of the invention is an anti-erosion construction element consisting of a layer of high-grade curved polyamide fibers. The use of synthetic fiber fabrics for strengthening the bands and walls of water tanks or reservoirs is known. In larger facilities, the use of textile fabrics as anti-erosion elements or as reinforcing elements cannot be considered for economic reasons. It is also known to use fleece strands of synthetic fibers as anti-erosion elements, for strengthening dikes, banks, beaches, dams and escarpments of rivers and canals. Due to their spatial arrangement, these bands enable the achievement of the desired dripping action, while the elasticity of the bands makes it easier to adapt them to the ground, which prevents the soil from washing and subsidence. They also do not rot and decay, and in order to immobilize the places of crossing Binding agents are used to connect and touch the fibers. Such a fleece can be fixed by means of fusible fibers. Such large-volume pile strands are used wherever it is necessary to prevent water erosion or erosion by winds. These bands are fastened, for example, by stone loading, filling with sand, gravel or concrete in naphthalene and / or earth or by means of studs. The pile bands can also be used to strengthen grassy surfaces, to inhibit movement. However, it has been found that non-standard pile construction as reinforcement elements meet not all the requirements for strength and shape retention. A construction element according to the invention made of combined high-tier synthetic fiber pile strands do not have these defects and is very suitable as an anti-erosion element. A construction element according to the invention, which is a strand of needled non-woven fabric, consisting of a pile layer made of twined polyamide fibers, combined with a layer of mesh fabric, the non-woven fabric being coated with a binding agent, characterized by the fact that the thickness of its polyamide fibers is 50-250, preferably 30-140 d and their length is 20 ^ 150, preferably 40-100 mm, the number of nonwoven punctures is 60-180, preferably 80 ^ 120 per 1 cm2, the thickness of the fleece layer is 4-10 mm, and its weight is 500-2000 g / m2 , wherein the mesh fabric ¦ of synthetic continuous fibers comprises per 1 cm2 at least two weft and warp threads and is placed in the lower part of the fleece layer Vt, and the binding agent is a water-resistant agent based on polyacrylic acid ester 83 45183451 in an amount of at least 15%, preferably 20-45% by weight. The polyacrylate-based binder is, for example, self-crosslinking esters of acrylic acid, preferably butyl ester. They are preferably used in the form of aqueous dispersions which may contain filler additives such as barium sulphate, kaolin or chalk. These additives are intended to increase the specific weight of the element and to accelerate its sinking in the water when the mats are placed under water. Acceleration of the fall in water is also preferably achieved by adding wetting agents in an amount of 2-20% by weight, preferably in an amount of 4-10% by weight, based on the finished fleece layer. Alkyl (aryl) acids are used as wetting agents. ) -sulfonic acid or their salts, as well as non-ionic compounds. The elements according to the invention preferably comprise a mesh fabric made of multi-thread polyester yarn, in the range of 900 to 1200 denier, the fabric having, per 1 cm2, 4 warp and weft threads each, and the weight of 1 m2 should be 80-160 g, preferably 100-150 g. The net fabric is placed in the lower third of the pile strip so that the loops of fibers protruding from the bottom surface of the fleece ensure good adhesion to protected surface. The net fabric is protected on both sides by layers of fleece against mechanical influences, for example against stone impact. Only if all these special conditions regarding the name of the fleece fibers, the method of producing the fleece, the above-mentioned mesh fabric, key, the content of the binding agent and other additives, the thickness and weight of 1 m2 of the fleece, the result is a building element that meets the required requirements, depending, for example, on the graining degree of the substrate to be protected and suitable for use as a protective element for the construction of dykes and canals. The pile strips constituting one of the components of the building element according to the invention can be produced in a known manner in all machines intended for the production of pile, preferably operating on an aerodynamic basis. The binder in the form of an aqueous dispersion is applied to the punctured material. the fleece, e.g. by welding or spraying, and then condenses into a raised pile temperature. For this purpose, the fleece is stretched over a heated pair of rollers (calender). In order to produce an erosion-preventing construction element according to the invention in the form of a punctured pile strip, the 5-250 denier curved polyamide staple fibers are aerodynamically formed and / or on a fleece carding machine which is bonded by means of a mesh fabric and then impregnated with a water-resistant polyacrylate-based binder and then heat-treated at a temperature of 100-150 ° C. In the production of mat elements which, under their own weight, are drowned in water, a finishing agent in the form of a wetting agent and possibly a filler with a high specific gravity, for example, is added to the component produced in the above-described manner, together with the binding agent. barium sulfate, kaolin or chalk. The following examples will explain the present invention. Example I. Polyamine-6 cut fibers, being a mixture of 70% by weight of fibers 70 denier thick and 90 mm long and 30 mm long. % by weight of the fiber mixture with a thickness of 5 to 30 denier is mixed in a fiber-blending machine and continuously with a scraper produces a pile 15 with a weight of 1 m2 and about 500 g from these fibers. of polyester yarn fabric, 1100 denier thick, having 4 warp and weft threads per cm2, are pricked with a needle gauge 28 and 110 cuts, then together with an aqueous suspension containing 20% by weight of polyacrylic acid butyl ester, it is led through a system of heated rolls and kneaded, dried at 120 ° C and subjected to a condensation process at 150 ° C. 25 Example II. Fibers cut in polyamide-6 with a thickness of 130 denier and their length of 60 mm are processed in an aerodynamic machine for the production of fleece, obtaining a pile with a weight of 1000 g / m2. The pile strand obtained is further processed as described in Example 1 and, after treatment with polyacrylic acid butyl ester, it is impregnated with a 70% aqueous solution of a wetting agent consisting of 70% by weight of an alkyl sulphonate of 12-22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical. and 30% by weight of polyglycol nylphenol ether (7 moles of ethylene oxide), with 120 g of this solution being introduced into the fleece per 1 m2 of fleece. After drying at 100 ° C, a finished strip is obtained with a weight of about 1500 g / m2 and a thickness of 9 mm, containing 6% by weight of a wetting agent. The figure shows a cross-section of a building element according to the invention in the form of 45 strips pile of polyamide-6 fibers. The strand 1 is made of curled polyamide-6 fibers 2 with a diameter of 0.10 mm and a length of 60 mm, part of the strand of the fibers being joined by a mesh fabric having threaded threads 4. The fleece is joined in a needle threading device. a needle pitch of 28 and 90 cuts per 1 m2. The binder content is 30% by weight on the basis of polyacrylate. The net fabric of this element has 4 warp threads 55 and 4 warp threads of 1100 denier polyester multi-threaded yarn per 1 cm2 and the weight of 1 m2 of this fabric is 110 g. The finished pile is 8 mm thick and weighs 1600 g / m2 . 60 PL PL
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19717133997U DE7133997U (en) | 1971-09-07 | 1971-09-07 | EROSION-PREVENTING COMPONENT IN THE FORM OF A NEEDLED FLEECE WEB |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
PL83451B1 true PL83451B1 (en) | 1975-12-31 |
Family
ID=6623701
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PL1972157611A PL83451B1 (en) | 1971-09-07 | 1972-09-06 |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3928696A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS4835188A (en) |
AT (1) | AT312507B (en) |
AU (1) | AU463798B2 (en) |
BE (1) | BE788449A (en) |
DD (1) | DD100506A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE7133997U (en) |
DK (1) | DK139075B (en) |
FR (1) | FR2152740B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1365209A (en) |
IT (1) | IT968216B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7212140A (en) |
PL (1) | PL83451B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2434328C3 (en) * | 1974-07-17 | 1979-10-11 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Protective layer for surface seals in building construction, civil engineering and civil engineering and processes for the continuous production of the protective layer |
DE2530499C3 (en) * | 1975-07-09 | 1978-05-24 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Mat sheet and process for its manufacture |
US4181450A (en) * | 1976-04-02 | 1980-01-01 | Akzona Incorporated | Erosion control matting |
JPS52149512U (en) * | 1976-05-10 | 1977-11-12 | ||
DE7917390U1 (en) * | 1979-06-18 | 1979-09-20 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | MATT TRACK FOR HYDROGEN ENGINEERING |
US4472086A (en) * | 1981-02-26 | 1984-09-18 | Burlington Industries Inc. | Geotextile fabric construction |
US4540311A (en) * | 1981-02-26 | 1985-09-10 | Burlington Industries, Inc. | Geotextile fabric construction |
US4353946A (en) * | 1981-03-13 | 1982-10-12 | Seasonmakers Pty. (Australia) Lts | Erosion control means |
IL66103A0 (en) * | 1981-07-27 | 1982-09-30 | Tesch G H | Mat shaped composite body and its preparation |
JPS59115060U (en) * | 1983-01-25 | 1984-08-03 | 日本ビソ−株式会社 | Hanging rope abnormality detection device |
NL8302739A (en) * | 1983-08-02 | 1985-03-01 | Bekaert Sa Nv | OPEN-SIZED TISSUE. |
US4635576A (en) * | 1984-08-02 | 1987-01-13 | Seasonmakers (Australia) Pty. Limited | Stitched woodwool mat |
NZ209914A (en) * | 1984-08-02 | 1986-07-11 | Seasonmakers Australia Pty Ltd | Soil erosion control blanket:stitched mat of woodwool |
US5249893A (en) * | 1989-04-13 | 1993-10-05 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Erosion control mat |
ZA963715B (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1996-11-20 | Tensar Corp | Bonded composite open mesh structural textiles |
US5651641A (en) * | 1995-05-31 | 1997-07-29 | Nicolon Corporation | Geosynthetics |
US5795835A (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 1998-08-18 | The Tensar Corporation | Bonded composite knitted structural textiles |
DE19813341A1 (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 1999-09-30 | Truetzschler Gmbh & Co Kg | Carding machine device for production of a fiber web |
US20040202851A1 (en) * | 2003-04-08 | 2004-10-14 | Goodrum Richard A. | Turf reinforcement mat composite including support mat core and attached fiber matrix |
ITBO20050363A1 (en) | 2005-05-26 | 2006-11-27 | Maccaferri Spa Off | LIGHTWEIGHT SECTION OF FILTER PROTECTION OF MATTRESS TYPE |
PT2963162T (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2018-10-19 | Omya Int Ag | Multifilament polyester fibres |
RU2018127209A (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2020-02-03 | Адама Махтешим Лтд. | DEVICE FOR DELIVERY OF AGROCHEMICALS WITH REGULATED RELEASE, ITS MANUFACTURE AND APPLICATION |
WO2019002941A1 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-03 | Adama Makhteshim Ltd. | Controlled release agrochemical delivery units, their manufacture and use |
CN113279099B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-08-09 | 厦门安踏体育用品有限公司 | Quick-drying cotton yarn and preparation method thereof, and quick-drying fabric and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1742775A (en) * | 1926-08-11 | 1930-01-07 | Johns Manville | Pipe covering |
US2433270A (en) * | 1944-04-06 | 1947-12-23 | Ida Y Goldman | Method of coating stitched fabric |
US2719803A (en) * | 1948-10-01 | 1955-10-04 | Pellon Corp | Stiffened washable garments and garment parts |
US3047444A (en) * | 1955-07-15 | 1962-07-31 | Kimberly Clark Co | Non-woven fabric and method of making the same |
US3035329A (en) * | 1957-03-13 | 1962-05-22 | Du Pont | Double pleated fabric |
US3177275A (en) * | 1960-11-10 | 1965-04-06 | Ivan G Brenner | Method and means for producing fibrous articles |
GB1137864A (en) * | 1965-03-24 | 1968-12-27 | Henderson Andrew B | Improvements relating to minimisation of scouring action in water flow channels |
GB1250113A (en) * | 1968-02-24 | 1971-10-20 |
-
0
- BE BE788449D patent/BE788449A/en unknown
-
1971
- 1971-09-07 DE DE19717133997U patent/DE7133997U/en not_active Expired
- 1971-10-28 JP JP46085188A patent/JPS4835188A/ja active Pending
-
1972
- 1972-09-05 AT AT760472A patent/AT312507B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-09-05 DD DD165453A patent/DD100506A5/xx unknown
- 1972-09-05 AU AU46321/72A patent/AU463798B2/en not_active Expired
- 1972-09-05 IT IT28823/72A patent/IT968216B/en active
- 1972-09-06 NL NL7212140A patent/NL7212140A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1972-09-06 GB GB4136272A patent/GB1365209A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-09-06 DK DK439972AA patent/DK139075B/en unknown
- 1972-09-06 PL PL1972157611A patent/PL83451B1/pl unknown
- 1972-09-07 US US286913A patent/US3928696A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-09-07 FR FR7231783A patent/FR2152740B1/fr not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE788449A (en) | 1973-06-06 |
NL7212140A (en) | 1973-03-09 |
DD100506A5 (en) | 1973-09-20 |
FR2152740B1 (en) | 1976-05-21 |
USB286913I5 (en) | 1975-01-28 |
AU463798B2 (en) | 1975-08-07 |
IT968216B (en) | 1974-03-20 |
AU4632172A (en) | 1974-03-14 |
JPS4835188A (en) | 1973-05-23 |
FR2152740A1 (en) | 1973-04-27 |
DE7133997U (en) | 1971-12-16 |
AT312507B (en) | 1974-01-10 |
GB1365209A (en) | 1974-08-29 |
DK139075C (en) | 1979-05-21 |
US3928696A (en) | 1975-12-23 |
DK139075B (en) | 1978-12-11 |
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