PL82B3 - Method of polymerization of unsaturated fatty acids. - Google Patents
Method of polymerization of unsaturated fatty acids. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL82B3 PL82B3 PL82A PL8219A PL82B3 PL 82 B3 PL82 B3 PL 82B3 PL 82 A PL82 A PL 82A PL 8219 A PL8219 A PL 8219A PL 82 B3 PL82 B3 PL 82B3
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- fatty acids
- polymerization
- unsaturated fatty
- acids
- high temperatures
- Prior art date
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- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
Najdluzszy czas trwania patentu: do 9 maja 1939 r.KI. 12O21.Niniejszy wynalazek tyczy sposobu polimeryzowania nienasyconych kwasów tluszczowych.Usilowano polimeryzowac nienasy¬ cone kwasy tluszczowe zapomoca dlugo¬ trwalego ogrzewania ich glicerydów do wysokich temperatur. Uzycie jednak wy¬ sokich temperatur ma te niedogodnosc, ze wywoluja one szkodliwe reakcje po¬ boczne. Nienasycone glicerydy kwasów tluszczowych rozszczepiaja sie przy wy¬ sokich temperaturach, wytwarzaja nizsze kwasy tluszczowe, weglowodory i akro- leine i wywoluja tedy znaczne stra¬ ty kwasów tluszczowych i gliceryny.Skonstatowano, ze koniecznosc sto¬ sowania tak wysokich temperatur przy polimeryzacji uwarunkowana jest zanie¬ czyszczeniami kwasów tluszczowych, o- trzymywanych zwykle z tranów i odpad¬ ków olejowych, i stopniem koncentracji.Dlatego tez przed operacja polime¬ ryzacji nalezy odnosne zanieczyszczenia usunac lub zniszczyc i koncentracje do¬ prowadzic do wlasciwego stopnia.Zgodnie z tern, metoda, stanowiaca przedmiot niniejszego wynalazku, pole¬ ga przedewszystkiem na oczyszczeniu nienasyconych kwasów tluszczowych od obcych nalecialosci. Oczyszczanie to uskutecznia sie przez przeprowadzanie kwasów tluszczowych w sole lugowców, rafinowanie ich mocnemi alkaljami, naj¬ lepiej czystym stezonym lugiem sodo¬ wym, i nastepne wysalanie chlorkiem sodu. Po operacji wysalania z masy od- parowywuje sie nadmiar wody tak, aby zawartosc kwasów tluszczowych w mydle doprowadzona 'zostala co. najmniej do70 — 75%) poczem dopiero kwasy tlu¬ szczowe poddaje sie polimeryzacji w obec¬ nosci lugów alkalicznych w zamknietem naczyniu pod cisnieniem, przyczem wy¬ starczaja tu juz temperatury od 200° do 210° C Mozna jednak ogrzac takze az do 250° C.Nadmiar alkaljów nie jest niezbed¬ nym, bo przy odparowywaniu wody wol¬ ne alkalja tworza sie same przez sie dzieki temu, ze skladniki zwiazane z al- kaljami ulatniaja sie z woda, podczas kiedy polaczone z substancjami lotnemi alkalja pozostaja w kotle. PL PLThe longest duration of the patent: until May 9, 1939, KIE. The present invention relates to a method for polymerizing unsaturated fatty acids. It has been tried to polymerize unsaturated fatty acids by heating their glycerides to high temperatures for a long time. The use of high temperatures, however, has the disadvantage that they induce deleterious side reactions. Unsaturated fatty acid glycerides break down at high temperatures, produce lower fatty acids, hydrocarbons and acroleine, and therefore produce considerable losses of fatty acids and glycerin. It has been found that the need to use such high temperatures in polymerization is contingent on cleaning of fatty acids, usually obtained from fish oil and oil waste, and the degree of concentration. Therefore, before the polymerization operation, the relevant contaminants must be removed or destroyed and the concentration should be brought to the appropriate degree. According to the present invention, it consists primarily in the removal of foreign contamination of unsaturated fatty acids. This purification is effected by converting the fatty acids into the salts of the leachates, refining them with strong alkali, preferably pure concentrated sodium hydroxide, and then salting out with sodium chloride. After the salting-out operation, the excess water is evaporated off so that the fatty acid content of the soap can be adjusted. at least up to 70-75%) and only then the fatty acids are polymerized in the presence of alkali in a closed vessel under pressure, for which temperatures from 200 ° to 210 ° C are sufficient, but it can also be heated up to 250 ° C. An excess of alkali is not necessary, because when the water is evaporated, the free alkaline is formed by itself as the components associated with the alkalis evaporate from the water, while the associated alkaline substances remain in the boiler. PL PL
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL82B3 true PL82B3 (en) | 1924-05-26 |
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