PL76159B1 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
PL76159B1
PL76159B1 PL1972158087A PL15808772A PL76159B1 PL 76159 B1 PL76159 B1 PL 76159B1 PL 1972158087 A PL1972158087 A PL 1972158087A PL 15808772 A PL15808772 A PL 15808772A PL 76159 B1 PL76159 B1 PL 76159B1
Authority
PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
plate
concrete element
slab
beams
flat
Prior art date
Application number
PL1972158087A
Other languages
Polish (pl)
Original Assignee
Ab Strangbetong
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ab Strangbetong filed Critical Ab Strangbetong
Publication of PL76159B1 publication Critical patent/PL76159B1/pl

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/003Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles the shaping of preshaped articles, e.g. by bending
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/04Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/20Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members
    • E04C3/26Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members prestressed

Description

Uprawniony z patentu: AB Strengbetong, Stoekholm (Szwecja Sposób wytwarzania elementti z batonu spreionego Przedmiotem wynalazku }est sposób wytwarzania elementu z betonu sprezonego.Elementy z betonu sprezonego, przeznaczone do przenoszenia obciazen popriecznych, sa zwykle wykonywane ze zbrojeniem naprezonymwstepnie, usytuowanym mimosrockwo w przekroju poprzecznym tak, ze sily naprezenia wstepnego dzialaja w tej czesci przekroju, w której wystepuja napreienia rozciagajace. W wyniku przylozenia sily rozciagajacej przed utwardzeniem betonu, oraz na skutek skurczu betonu, odksztalcenie spowodowane naprezeniem wstepnym jest wieksze nit ugiecie spowodowane sila poprzeczna wywolujac trwale odksztalcenie. W przypadku poziomych elementów nosnych zginanie wystepuje do góry, co nie jest korzystne przy konstrukcji powierzchni podlogowych.W przypadku bardzo dlugich elementów bez zbrojenia z naprezeniem wstepnym, obciazenie poprzeczne oraz zjawisko pelzania powoduje odksztalcenie skierowane do dolu. Znane jest wywolywanie wstepnego odksztalcenia przewyzszajacego spodziewana wielkosc ugiecia, przez wykonanie zarówno górnej jak i dolnej powierzchni elementu wygietej do góry.Zgodnie ze sposobem wedlug wynalazku formuje sie plyte prostopadloscienna jako calosc z co najmniej jedna belka umieszczona wzdluznie pod plyta i osadza sie w belce wzdluzne zbrojenia, naprezajac je wstepnie pomiedzy kotwami usytuowanymi poza korkami belki. Nastepnie formuje sie plaska dolna powierzchnie plyty oraz wklesla górna powierzchnie plyty, w przekroju pionowym równoleglym do osi wzdluznej belki, przy czym strzalka ugiecia powierzchni wkleslej jest tak dobierana w stosunku do wielkosci naprezen wstepnych oraz przewidywanego obciazenia stalego plyty, ze po przeniesieniu naprezen wstepnych do utwardzonego elementu betonowego otrzymuje sie powierzchnie plyty zasadniczo plaska.Przedmiot wynalazku zostal uwidoczniony w przykladzie wykonaniana rysunku, na którym fig. 1 przedstawia element betonowy przed przylozeniem naprezen wstepnych w widoku z boku, fig. 2 — element betonowy w przekroju poprzecznym w plaszczyznie M-M na fig. 1, fig. 3 — element betonowy wedlug fig. 1 po przylozeniu naprezen wstepnych, fig. 4 — inny przyklad wykonania elementu betonowego przed przylozeniem naprezen wstepnych w widoku z boku, fig. 5 - czesc skladowa formy do odlewania elementu z fig. 4, a fig. 6 — element z fig. 4, spoczywajacy na belkach stropowych, po przylozeniu naprezenia wstepnego.2 76 159 Element betonowy (fig. 1 -3) sklada sie z prostokatoej plyty 7 i dwu lezacych pod nia betek 8, odlanych jako calosc wraz z plyta. Doine powierzchnie belek 8 sa plaskie i spoczywala na plaskim podlozu 0. Pozostala czesc formy odlewniczej dla przejrzystosci rysunku zostala pominieta* Delna powierzchnia 10 plyty 7 mt równiez plaska i lezy w plaszczyznie równoleglej do podloza 9, natomiast górna powierzchnia 11 plyty jest lukowo wkleila jak to pokazano w przekroju pionowym w plaszczyznie rysunku. Jak &wykieprry wytwarzaniu tego typu elementów z betonu sprezonego, porrtadty kotwami 13umieszczonymi poze kor^cemi kazdej tx«k; se napiete wzdluzne zbrojenia 12, które podczas odlewania zoelajaosedzorie w belkach, Zbrojenie sa utrzymywac w odciagach wstanie raptetym az do stwardnienia elementu betonowego* w stopniu dostatecznym cc pokonywania naprezen. Zbrojenia 12, umieszczane w dolnych czesciach belek, zostaly ns %, 1 przedstawieni jedynie schematycznie. Kazds zbroje sklada sie z jednej lub wieksze* ilosci Un lub 9saz*k drenów, naciagnietych pomiedzy kotwami 13- Belki 8 oraz plyta 7 moga miec rów^ez inne zbrojenia np. pr^ty wzdluzne i pionowe strzemiona.' Po stwardnieniu odlanego elementu betonowego zbrojenia 12 naprezone poza koncami befek 8 zo*ts£a obciete i wtedy przylozone sily napreieri \u*tepnych powoduja, ze element ^zyjrrwj* ksztalt pokazany ras fig. 3; to jest górna powierzchnia 11 staje sie plaska, natomiast dolna powierzchnia TO plyty 7, a takie dekw powierzchnie betek 8 zostaja wygiete ku górze. Ogólnie biorac krzywizna wygiecia ma w przyblizeniu ta sama wielkosc co pierwotna krzywizna górnej powierzchni 11 wkleslej, Uzyskanie górnaj powierzchni 11 plasktej zalezy od wlasciwego dobrania pierwotnej powierzchni wkleslej wstepnych sil naprezajacych oraz obciazenie oddzialujacego na etement, a zatem czynniki ta musza byó okreslone w kazdym indywklualnyrn pfiyp#sku.Element betonowy przedstawiony na fig. 4 i 8 sklada sie równiez z prostokatnej plyty 14 i dwu lub wieoej belek 15 stanowiacych podstawe. W tym przypadku plyta posiada wystepy 18 wystajace ooz$ korka Jasiek 15, przykladowo 8 — 15 cm, na calej szerokosci plyty 14 i sluzaoe jako wystepy wspierajace, teó?* mozne polozyc na powierzchniach podtrzymujacych, jesli element Jest montowany w polozeniu poziomym. Podobnie jak na fig. 1/ dolne powierzchnie belek 15 spoczy**aa na plaskim podlozu 9, a dolne powierzchni* 14 jast plaska* Zbrojenia 12 naciagniete pomiedzy kotwanri 13 msja podobny ksztalt- Górna powierzchnia plyty 14 jest wklesla, lecz jej profil lukowy zostal zastapiony linia lamma. Srodkowa czesc 17 powierzchni plyty H lezy w plaszczyznie poziomej i jest ograniczona dwiema nachylonymi plaskimi czesciami bocznymi M, \9 rozciagajacymi sie od czesci srodkowej do korba plyty. Kat pomatte/ czescie Podkowa 17 górnej powiersohni plyty 14 i kazda z nachylonych czesci 18, 19 powierzchni wkleslej. Kazda z nachyionyoh powierzchni ma dlugosc równa od 1/4 do 1/3 calkowitej dlugosci plyty 14. Opisany ksztalt powierzchni górnej posiada te zalete, ze element betonowy moze byc odlany w zwyklej formie odlewniczej, która nalezy jedynie uzupelnic ne korkach dwiema wykonanymi w ksztalcie klinów deskami. Deska taka jest pokazana na fig. & Ma figurze 8 przedstawiono utwardzony element betonowy z przylozonymi naprezeniami wstepnymi, wygiety ku górze w taki sam sposób, jak to pokazano na fig. 3, Czesc 17, 18 i 19 górnej powierzchni plyty 14 m*fa wypukle profile w przekroju wzdluznym, jak to pokazano w powiekszonej skali na fig. & W rzeczywistosci, male odchylenie od górnej powierzchni pleskiej, moze byc zaniehene. Na fig. 6 sredni poziom górnej powierzchni plyty 14 jest narysowany linia przerywana.Wystepy 16 plyty 14 na fig. 6 spoczywaja na stropowych belkach 20 podtrzymujacych, pomiedzy którymi znajduja sie belki 15 plyty. Pogrubione wystepy 16 plyty powinny byc tak dobrane, aby utrzymaly ciezar elementu i oddzialywujace na niego obciazenia. W rezultacie uzyskuje sie bardziej zwarta konstrukcje w porównaniu z rozwiazaniem, przy którym korioe belek spoczywaja na podtrzymujacych je belkach stropowych.Ponadto obciazenie jest równomiernie rozlozone na cala szerokosc elementu betonowego, Stropowe belki 20 podtrzymujace, maja prostokatny przekrój poprzeczny, a przestrzenie pomiedzy powierzchniami czolowymi belek 16 i przeciwleglymi pionowymi powierzchniami bocznymi belek stropowych 20 moga byc wypelnione twardniejaca masa* taka jak z^prtt^ cementowa, dzieki czemu belki 15 sa wykorzystywane do zwiekszenia wytrzymalosci na obciazenia. Ponad kazda stropowa belka 20, spoczywajace na niej wystepy plyty moga byc w znany sposób polaczone pretami zbrojeniowymi 21, po czym przestrzenie pomiedzy wystepami plyt moga byc wypelnione zaprawa. PL PLAuthorized by the patent: AB Strengbetong, Stoekholm (Sweden Method for producing elements from a compressed bar. The subject of the invention is a method of producing a prestressed concrete element. Compressed concrete elements, intended for carrying post-tensioning loads, are usually made with pre-stressed reinforcement, located in an eccentric cross-section so that the prestressing forces act in that part of the cross-section where the tensile stresses occur. As a result of the application of the tensile force before the concrete hardens, and as a result of the concrete shrinkage, the deformation caused by the prestress is a greater rivet deflection due to the shear force resulting in permanent deformation. of the horizontal beams, bending occurs upwards, which is not advantageous in the construction of floor surfaces.In the case of very long elements without reinforcement with pretension, transverse loads and creep phenomena cause downward deformation . It is known to induce a pre-deformation in excess of the expected deflection amount by making both the upper and lower surfaces of the element bent upwards. According to the method of the invention, a rectangular plate is formed as a whole with at least one beam placed lengthwise under the plate and embedded in the longitudinal beam of the reinforcement. pre-tensioning them between the anchors located outside the beam plugs. Then, a flat bottom surface of the panel is formed and the upper surface of the panel is concave in a vertical section parallel to the longitudinal axis of the beam, whereby the concave surface deflection arrow is selected in such a way as to the size of the initial stresses and the anticipated load on the fixed panel that after transferring the initial stresses to the hardened panel the concrete element, the plate surface is substantially flat. The subject of the invention is shown in the example of the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows the concrete element in a side view before applying the pre-stresses, Fig. 2 - the concrete element in cross-section in the plane MM in Fig. 1, fig. 3 - concrete element according to fig. 1 after applying the pre-stresses, fig. 4 - another embodiment of the concrete element before applying the pre-stresses in a side view, fig. 5 - component part of the mold for casting the element from fig. 4, and Fig. 6 shows the element of Fig. 4, resting on the joists, after pretension 2 76 159 Concrete element (fig. 1 -3) consists of a rectangular plate 7 and two bays 8 lying below it, cast as a whole together with the plate. Doine surfaces of the beams 8 are flat and rest on a flat substrate 0. The rest of the mold for clarity of the drawing has been omitted * The lower surface 10 of the plate 7 mt is also flat and lies in a plane parallel to the substrate 9, while the upper surface 11 of the plate is arc glued as this shown in a vertical section in the plane of the drawing. As well as for the production of this type of elements from prestressed concrete, they are covered with anchors 13 placed in the position of the cork of each txk; the longitudinal reinforcements 12, which during casting, are made to become more stiff in the beams. The reinforcement is kept in the stays in a snap state until the concrete element * has hardened sufficiently to overcome the stresses. The reinforcements 12, placed at the bottom of the beams, have been shown only schematically 1. Each armor consists of one or more * number of Un or 9saz * k tubes, stretched between the anchors 13- Beams 8 and plate 7 may also have other reinforcements, e.g. longitudinal bars and vertical stirrups. ' After hardening of the cast concrete element of reinforcement 12, the stressed beyond the ends of the bars 8 are cut and then the applied stress forces cause that the element shows the shape shown in Fig. 3; that is, the upper surface 11 becomes flat, while the lower surface T0 of the plate 7, such two surfaces of the plates 8 are bent upwards. In general, the curvature of the bend is approximately the same size as the original curvature of the top surface 11 of the recess, Obtaining the top surface 11 of the recess depends on the correct selection of the original surface of the recess of the initial stresses and the load affecting the material, so this factor must be specific for each individual The concrete element shown in Figs. 4 and 8 also consists of a rectangular plate 14 and two or more beams 15 as the base. In this case, the board has protrusions 18 protruding about a cork pin Jasiek 15, for example 8 - 15 cm, over the entire width of the board 14 and serve as support protrusions, but can also be placed on the supporting surfaces if the element is mounted horizontally. As in Fig. 1 / the lower surfaces of the beams 15 rest ** aa on a flat substrate 9, and the lower surface * 14 is flat * Reinforcement 12 stretched between the anchors 13 has a similar shape - The upper surface of the board 14 is concave, but its arch profile remains replaced lamma line. The central part 17 of the plate surface H lies in a horizontal plane and is delimited by two inclined flat side parts M, \ 9 extending from the middle part to the plate crank. Pomatte / piece of horseshoe 17 of the upper surface of the plate 14 and each of the inclined parts 18, 19 of the surfaces are glued. Each of the inclined surfaces is 1/4 to 1/3 of the total length of the slab 14. The shape of the top surface described above has the advantage that the concrete element can be cast in a conventional casting mold, which only needs to be completed with two wedge-shaped plugs planks. Such a board is shown in Fig. & Ma. Fig. 8 shows a hardened concrete element with applied pretension, bent upwards in the same way as shown in Fig. 3, Parts 17, 18 and 19 of the upper surface of the 14 m * f slab longitudinal section profiles as shown in the enlarged scale in Fig. & In fact, a slight deviation from the upper flat surface may be negligible. In Fig. 6 the average level of the upper surface of the slab 14 is drawn with a dashed line. The protrusions 16 of the slab 14 in Fig. 6 rest on supporting ceiling beams 20 between which the slab beams 15 are located. The bold tabs 16 of the plate should be chosen so as to support the weight of the element and the loads acting on it. The result is a more compact structure compared to a solution where the corners of the beams rest on the supporting joists. In addition, the load is evenly distributed over the entire width of the concrete element, the supporting ceiling beams 20 have a rectangular cross section and the spaces between the faces of the beams 16 and the opposing vertical side surfaces of the joists 20 may be filled with a hardening mass, such as cement gypsum, whereby the beams 15 are used to increase load resistance. Above each floor beam 20, the plate projections resting thereon can be connected in a known manner with reinforcement bars 21, after which the spaces between the plate projections can be filled with mortar. PL PL

Claims (1)

1. Zastrzezenie paten to we Sposób wytwarzania elementu z betonu sprezonego, znamienny tym, ze formuje sie plyte (7) prostopadloscienna z co najmniej jedna belka (8) umieszczona wzdluznie pod plyta (7), osadza sie w belce (8) wzdluzne zbrojenia (12), naprezajace je wstepnie pomiedzy kotwami (13) usytuowanymi poza koncami belki76 159 3 (8), nastepnie formuje sie plaska dolna powierzchnie (10) plyty (7) oraz wklesla górna powierzchnie (11) plyty (7), wprzekioju pionowym równoleglym do osi wzdluznej belki (7), przy czym strzalka ug*ecla powierzchni wkleslej jest tak dobrana w stosunku do wtelkosci naprezen wstepnych oraz przewidywanego obciazenia stalego plyty (7), ze po przeniesieniu naprezen wstepnych do utwardzonego etementu betonowego otrzymuje sie górna powierzchnie plyty (7) zasadniczo plaska. i76 159 _A. "*' -l // i 7 10) Kg 3 * U 8 rig.^17 9% 7_ 19 16 1312 & 12i 16 2116~1B rig6 17 10, 19 16 20* Prac. Poligraf. UP PRL naklad 120+18 Cena 45 zl PL PL1. Claim patent is a method of manufacturing a prestressed concrete element, characterized in that a rectangular plate (7) is formed with at least one beam (8) placed longitudinally under the plate (7), embedded in the beam (8) longitudinal reinforcement ( 12), pre-tensioning them between the anchors (13) located outside the ends of the beam 76 159 3 (8), then a flat bottom surface (10) of the plate (7) is formed and the upper surface (11) of the plate (7) concaves, in a vertical cross-section parallel to the longitudinal axis of the beam (7), the arrow ug * ec for the concave surface is so selected in relation to the value of the initial stresses and the anticipated permanent load on the slab (7) that after transferring the initial stresses to the hardened concrete element, the upper surface of the slab (7) is obtained basically flat. i76 159_A. "* '-l // i 7 10) Kg 3 * U 8 rig. ^ 17 9% 7_ 19 16 1312 & 12i 16 2116 ~ 1B rig6 17 10, 19 16 20 * Work. Polygraph PRL circulation 120 + 18 Price PLN 45 PL PL
PL1972158087A 1971-10-05 1972-10-05 PL76159B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE12576/71A SE351883B (en) 1971-10-05 1971-10-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
PL76159B1 true PL76159B1 (en) 1975-02-28

Family

ID=20295977

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PL1972158087A PL76159B1 (en) 1971-10-05 1972-10-05

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US3860687A (en)
JP (1) JPS5614453B2 (en)
BE (1) BE803938Q (en)
CA (1) CA996731A (en)
CH (1) CH563506A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2248472C3 (en)
DK (1) DK141808B (en)
FI (1) FI52294C (en)
FR (1) FR2155554A5 (en)
GB (1) GB1399642A (en)
IT (1) IT968587B (en)
NL (1) NL7213527A (en)
NO (1) NO129968B (en)
PL (1) PL76159B1 (en)
SE (1) SE351883B (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0064377B1 (en) * 1981-05-01 1986-07-16 Fuji P.S. Concrete Co. Ltd. Apparatus for the slide forming of prestressed concrete
US4493177A (en) * 1981-11-25 1985-01-15 Grossman Stanley J Composite, pre-stressed structural member and method of forming same
US4745718A (en) * 1986-05-30 1988-05-24 Trus Joist Corporation Prestressed structural support and method for making same
KR100396855B1 (en) * 2000-11-10 2003-09-02 (주)금화산업 Fabrication method of preflex pile using axial load
DE10351989A1 (en) * 2003-10-23 2005-06-09 Bathon, Leander Wood-concrete composite systems made of wooden components, intermediate layers and concrete components
US20060194015A1 (en) * 2004-11-05 2006-08-31 Vincente Sabater Flooring system with slant pattern
CN106514861A (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-03-22 青岛昊河水泥制品有限责任公司 Composite reinforcing bar reinforcement cage prestressed tensioning device and method for manufacturing prestressed square-sectioned pile
CN106514862A (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-03-22 青岛裕龙昊河建材科技有限公司 Reinforcing cage prestress tensioning device and making method of prestressed square pile

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2382139A (en) * 1941-07-16 1945-08-14 Porete Mfg Company Prestressed composite structure
DE764134C (en) * 1942-02-27 1952-09-22 Wayss & Freytag A G Prestressed concrete slab
DE958726C (en) * 1953-05-21 1957-02-21 Fritz Leonhardt Dr Ing Process to enable the unhindered prestressing of flat precast concrete parts that are produced on rigid formwork forms
DE1752576U (en) * 1955-03-26 1957-09-19 Werner Dipl Ing Schroeder LARGE-FORMAT ROOF TILE MADE OF STRENGTHEN CONCRETE
DE1954158U (en) * 1965-11-02 1967-01-26 Rudolf Seeland K G PRECAST CONCRETE PART DESIGNED AS A SLAB BEAM OR SLAB.
DE1972666U (en) * 1966-07-01 1967-11-16 Heinrich Dr Ing Bechert PRE-TENSIONED CONCRETE ELEMENT.
US3789102A (en) * 1971-02-26 1974-01-29 Continental Homes Inc Method for forming a flanged concrete panel having a planar central section

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH563506A5 (en) 1975-06-30
CA996731A (en) 1976-09-14
JPS5614453B2 (en) 1981-04-04
FR2155554A5 (en) 1973-05-18
FI52294C (en) 1977-08-10
DE2248472A1 (en) 1973-04-12
FI52294B (en) 1977-05-02
JPS4852817A (en) 1973-07-25
SE351883B (en) 1972-12-11
DK141808B (en) 1980-06-23
DK141808C (en) 1980-11-10
GB1399642A (en) 1975-07-02
DE2248472C3 (en) 1981-10-29
US3860687A (en) 1975-01-14
NO129968B (en) 1974-06-17
IT968587B (en) 1974-03-20
NL7213527A (en) 1973-04-09
BE803938Q (en) 1973-12-17
DE2248472B2 (en) 1981-02-26

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