FI70066B - BYGGELEMENT - Google Patents

Description

70066

The building element

Byggelement

The invention relates to a building element which is mainly intended for use as a beam element and comprises a slab made of thin concrete and beam elements arranged on one side thereof, cooperating with the concrete slab, with load-transmitting elements projecting into the concrete slab and cast-on.

It is known to make beam elements from thin reinforced concrete slabs and beams made of wood extending across it, the wooden beams having fixed hook-like members which are cast on a be-10 ton slab. An element of this type has good load-bearing capacity and is relatively low in cost.

In certain cases, for example when there is a fear that the wood beams may be exposed to excessive moisture or that micro-organisms or wood-milling animals may damage them, or when special fire safety requirements are imposed, these types of beams are not favorably used. related benefits.

Various award elements are disclosed, for example, in FI patent publications 46550 and 60752 and in SE publication 386938. However, the elements according to these publications differ substantially from the building element according to the characterizing part of the claims below. The solutions according to the above-mentioned publications also do not achieve the same advantages as the present invention.

There is a need for building elements having essentially the same load-bearing properties and low cost as known concrete / wood beam elements, and it is an object of the invention to provide a building element which meets these needs. Another task is to provide an easy-to-handle building element that is suitable for relatively large spans, always approx. 8-9 m. The essential feature of the new building element is that the beam member consists of 2 70066 longitudinally prefabricated longitudinal beams made of unreinforced concrete, and that the load-transmitting connecting members are formed of at least one zigzag-shaped steel wire or bar or the like to a concrete beam and partly 5 to a concrete slab at a small distance from the concrete beam.

An exemplary embodiment of building elements arranged according to the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a building element in front of one beam, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the element and shows two different beams; from the end portion of the beam, which beam is intended for a modified building element for larger spans.

The building element according to the invention consists of a relatively thin concrete slab 1 reinforced with crosswise reinforcing bars 2 or alternatively with a net, several beams 3 arranged on the slab 1, also made of concrete, without reinforcement or with only the reinforcement required. so that the beam can be handled alone, and in the form of at least one zigzag-bent steel wire or a small steel bar or the like connecting the plate and the beam member 4.

The connecting member 4, which acts as a power transmission member between the slab 1 and the beams 25 3, is cast at half its height in a concrete beam 3 in connection with this manufacture.

The parts protruding outside the beam of the connecting member are cast from their bent outer parts 5 into a concrete slab 1, whereby an intermediate space 6 is formed between the beams and the slab, across which the connecting member passes.

The element according to Figures 1 and 2 is manufactured as follows:

Concrete is poured into suitable longitudinal molds so that a plurality of beams 3 are formed. In connection with the casting, one or more connecting members 4 are pressed into the concrete to a depth such that approximately half of its height protrudes upwards.

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Once the Concrete Beams have hardened and can be processed, they are removed from their molds and turned upside down to place them on top of a mold fitted to the concrete slab in which the necessary reinforcement is placed. Then, when the latter mold has been filled with concrete, the beams 3 are lowered against the concrete, so that the now downwardly projecting parts of the connecting member 4 are pressed into the concrete to the intended depth. The position of the beams is fixed in this way while the concrete hardens. Once cured, the element is ready for use and can be lifted in one piece from the mold and transported to the installation site.

In certain cases, it is necessary to provide a shear-absorbing joint which is stronger than that obtained by means of a joint member 4 formed of bent wire. In this case, the beams are formed, as can be seen from Fig. 3, at their ends 15 by means of upwardly projecting projections and in the installation position by downwardly projecting projections 7.

The protrusions have a slightly higher height than the height of the space 6 between the concrete slab and the beams 3 and are provided with transverse grooves 8 by inserting the fillers 20. Once the beams have hardened and turned over on a concrete-filled formwork and lowered against it, the concrete is pressed grooves 8 and forms friction-increasing contact surfaces between the beam ends and the edge portions of the plate. Also in this case, the free parts 5 of the bent-on connecting member 4 are pressed down into the concrete forming the slab.

Generally, one bent connecting member per 4 beams is sufficient. However, as shown at the bar on the right in Figure 2, nothing prevents two similar members from being arranged side by side.

By using the prefabricated building elements presented here, the mold work and support of the beam can be eliminated almost completely. Due to the simple structure, the elements can be easily manufactured in connection with the construction site if a larger number of elements is required there. Of course, the elements can also be manufactured centrally at the factory in standard sizes and transported to different construction sites.

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The building element according to the invention is primarily intended for forming a beam, in which case a floor can be placed directly on the beams, which can be provided with a solid cast board at their top. The space between the beams can then be filled with an insulating material, which is also suitably allowed to fill the space between the beams and the board. Due to the fact that only the bent wire passes through said intermediate space, this forms an effective thermal bridge, which deteriorates only to a small extent when the beams are formed according to the embodiment shown in Fig. 3.

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However, the elements according to the invention can also be used as a permanent mold when casting concrete beams or floors. In such a case, at least in the case of larger spans, it may be necessary to place separate supports under the element to prevent down-15 bending, which could be caused by the weight of the uncured concrete.

The element according to the invention is inexpensive to manufacture due to the simple manufacturing method. Since mainly only the plate 1 is subjected to tensile stress 20, while the beam 3 at a distance therefrom is mainly subjected to compressive stress, reinforcement material can be saved.

The invention is not limited to the embodiment described and shown in the drawings, but can be modified in many different ways within the scope of the following 25 claims.

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Claims (3)

5 70066 A building element mainly intended for use as a beam element and comprising a thin concrete slab (1) and beam members (3) cooperating with the concrete slab on one side thereof, with load-transmitting elements projecting into the concrete slab and fastened to the slab. A), characterized in that the beam member (3) consists of separately prefabricated longitudinal beams made of unreinforced concrete, and that the load-transmitting connecting members (A) are formed of at least one zigzag-shaped steel wire or bar 10 or the like which is partly cast in width on a concrete beam (3) and partly at a small distance from the concrete beam (1). Building element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the prefabricated concrete beams (3) are provided at their end parts with protruding projections (7) covering the space between the concrete slab (1) and the beam (3). Building element according to Claim 2, characterized in that the projections (7) covering the intermediate space are provided on their sides facing the concrete slab with grooves (8) which are subsequently filled with a concrete material made of cast slab.