PL441239A1 - Plasma gasification waste disposal - Google Patents

Plasma gasification waste disposal

Info

Publication number
PL441239A1
PL441239A1 PL441239A PL44123922A PL441239A1 PL 441239 A1 PL441239 A1 PL 441239A1 PL 441239 A PL441239 A PL 441239A PL 44123922 A PL44123922 A PL 44123922A PL 441239 A1 PL441239 A1 PL 441239A1
Authority
PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
gas
purified
synthesis gas
amount
unpurified
Prior art date
Application number
PL441239A
Other languages
Polish (pl)
Inventor
Adam Zadorożny
Łukasz Kurowski
Tomasz TOMCZYK
Jaroslav Silvestri
Wilhelm Jan Tic
Izabela Odroń
Joanna Bubała
Alina Krokoszyńska
Dominika Welcer
Marek Korek
Grażyna Hanus
Halina Pawlak-Kruczek
Michał Czerep
Michał Ostrycharczyk
Maciej Budner
Krzysztof Janik
Original Assignee
Wtt Spółka Akcyjna
Eko Tree S.R.O
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wtt Spółka Akcyjna, Eko Tree S.R.O filed Critical Wtt Spółka Akcyjna
Priority to PL441239A priority Critical patent/PL441239A1/en
Publication of PL441239A1 publication Critical patent/PL441239A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10KPURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/04Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
    • C10K1/06Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials combined with spraying with water
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223Heating the gasifier by burners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C10J2300/1606Combustion processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C10J2300/1618Modification of synthesis gas composition, e.g. to meet some criteria
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/164Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
    • C10J2300/1643Conversion of synthesis gas to energy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2200/00Waste incineration
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/50Devolatilising; from soil, objects
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00Combustion
    • F23G2202/10Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/106Combustion in two or more stages with recirculation of unburned solid or gaseous matter into combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00Specific waste
    • F23G2209/12Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/00001Exhaust gas recirculation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/20Sludge processing

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)

Abstract

Przedmiotem zgłoszenia jest sposób utylizacji odpadów z wykorzystaniem zgazowania plazmowego, w którym materiał odpadowy poddaje się procesom obróbki termicznej oraz zgazowania plazmowego aż do pełnego rozkładu substancji organicznej i uzyskania nieoczyszczonego gazu syntezowego, który w kolejnych procesach poddaje się oczyszczaniu i schładzaniu aż do uzyskania oczyszczonego gazu syntezowego. Sposób charakteryzujący się tym, że materiał odpadowy (1) transportuje się do układu toryfikacyjno - ogrzewającego (2), w którym w temperaturze wynoszącej od 50 do 600°C i w okresie czasu wynoszącym od 30 do 120 min materiał odpadowy (1) poddaje się za pośrednictwem podanych z układu odzysku energii (3) gazów spalinowych (4) procesowi ogrzewania (B), powodującym uwęglenie materiału odpadowego (1) i uzyskanie mających gazowy stan skupienia i występujących w postaci jednego strumienia: torgazu (5) oraz pary wodnej (6), a także mającego stały stan skupienia toryfikatu (7), i dalej torgaz (5) wraz z parą wodną (6) oraz toryfikat (7) transportowane są do przepływowego reaktora zgazowania plazmowego (8), w którym w procesie zgazowania plazmowego (C), w temperaturze wynoszącej od 1200 do 2000°C, przy udziale dostarczonego z zewnętrznego źródła tlenowego (9) zbilansowanego tlenu (10) dochodzi do rozkładu (D) materiału organicznego (11), w efekcie którego uzyskuje się nieoczyszczony gaz syntezowy (12), zawierający wodór w ilości od 30 do 70%, tlenek węgla w ilości od 20 do 60%, dwutlenek węgla w ilości do 10%, azot w ilości do 6% oraz zanieczyszczenia nieorganiczne w ilości do 5%, po czym nieoczyszczony gaz syntezowy (12) kieruje się do układu oczyszczania (13), w którym następuje proces odseparowania (E) z nieoczyszczonego gazu syntezowego (12) zanieczyszczeń nieorganicznych (14), równocześnie w układzie oczyszczania (13) nieoczyszczony gaz syntezowy (12) miesza się (F) z zawróconym i dostarczonym z układu oczyszczania (13) cyrkulującym gazem oczyszczonym (16) powodując obniżenie temperatury (G) do zakresu od 400 do 700°C i powstanie gazu procesowego (17), który następnie transportuje się do chłodnicy (18), w której gaz procesowy (17) dalej chłodzi się (H) do temperatury wynoszącej od 200 do 400°C, jednocześnie oddając ciepło (19) do układu odzysku energii (3), po czym za pośrednictwem pochodzącej z kolumny schładzania wodnego (20) wody (21) gaz procesowy (17) schładza się dodatkowo (1) do temperatury wynoszącej od 40 do 60'C, a następnie posiadający tak obniżoną temperaturę gaz procesowy (17) transportuje się do kolumny myjącej (15), w której gaz procesowy (17) wypłukuje się (J) z niepożądanych związków chemicznych (22), zwłaszcza w postaci chlorków, w efekcie czego powstaje oczyszczony gaz syntezowy (23a), który w ilości od 30 do 80% zawraca się jako cyrkulujący gaz oczyszczony (16) do układu oczyszczania (13), zaś pozostałą część oczyszczonego gazu syntezowego (23b) w odpowiedniej ilości od 20 do 70% kieruje się do układu odsiarczania (24), w którym, przy udziale zestawu węgli aktywnych (25) oczyszczony gaz syntezowy (23b) poddaje się odsiarczaniu (K) i tak odsiarczony oraz oczyszczony gaz syntezowy (26), spełniający wymagania gazu wysokometanowego grupy E, o jakości pozwalającej na wydzielenie czystego wodoru o czystości wynoszącej 99,999%, kierowany jest do układu odzysku energii (3).The subject of the application is a waste utilization method using plasma gasification, in which the waste material is subjected to thermal treatment and plasma gasification processes until the organic substance is fully decomposed and unpurified syngas is obtained, which is purified and cooled in subsequent processes until purified syngas is obtained. . A method characterized by the fact that the waste material (1) is transported to the torrefaction and heating system (2), in which, at a temperature ranging from 50 to 600°C and for a period of time ranging from 30 to 120 min, the waste material (1) is subjected to via the exhaust gases (4) supplied from the energy recovery system (3) to the heating process (B), causing carbonization of the waste material (1) and obtaining gaseous state of matter and occurring in the form of one stream: torgas (5) and water vapor (6) , as well as torrefied (7) having a constant state of aggregation, and then torgas (5) together with steam (6) and torrefied (7) are transported to the flow plasma gasification reactor (8), where in the plasma gasification process (C) , at a temperature ranging from 1200 to 2000°C, with the participation of balanced oxygen (10) supplied from an external oxygen source (9), decomposition (D) of the organic material (11) occurs, resulting in unpurified synthesis gas (12), containing hydrogen in an amount of 30 to 70%, carbon monoxide in an amount of 20 to 60%, carbon dioxide in an amount of up to 10%, nitrogen in an amount of up to 6% and inorganic impurities in an amount of up to 5%, and then unpurified synthesis gas (12 ) is directed to the purification system (13), where the process of separation (E) from the unpurified synthesis gas (12) of inorganic impurities (14) takes place; at the same time, in the purification system (13), the unpurified synthesis gas (12) is mixed (F) with recycled and supplied from the purification system (13) by circulating purified gas (16), reducing the temperature (G) to the range from 400 to 700°C and creating process gas (17), which is then transported to the cooler (18), where the gas process (17) is further cooled (H) to a temperature ranging from 200 to 400°C, simultaneously releasing heat (19) to the energy recovery system (3), and then via water (21) coming from the water cooling column (20). the process gas (17) is additionally cooled (1) to a temperature ranging from 40 to 60'C, and then the process gas (17) having such a reduced temperature is transported to the washing column (15), where the process gas (17) is washed out (J) from undesirable chemical compounds (22), especially in the form of chlorides, resulting in purified synthesis gas (23a), which in an amount from 30 to 80% is recycled as circulating purified gas (16) to the purification system (13) , and the remaining part of the purified synthesis gas (23b) in an appropriate amount from 20 to 70% is directed to the desulfurization system (24), where, with the participation of a set of activated carbons (25), the purified synthesis gas (23b) is subjected to desulfurization (K) and so the desulfurized and purified synthesis gas (26), meeting the requirements of high-methane gas of group E, with a quality allowing the separation of pure hydrogen with a purity of 99.999%, is directed to the energy recovery system (3).

PL441239A 2022-05-20 2022-05-20 Plasma gasification waste disposal PL441239A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL441239A PL441239A1 (en) 2022-05-20 2022-05-20 Plasma gasification waste disposal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL441239A PL441239A1 (en) 2022-05-20 2022-05-20 Plasma gasification waste disposal

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
PL441239A1 true PL441239A1 (en) 2023-11-27

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Family Applications (1)

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Country Link
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111925840A (en) * 2020-07-03 2020-11-13 江苏美东环境科技有限公司 Synthetic gas purification method of plasma gasification melting furnace
CN216192087U (en) * 2021-10-07 2022-04-05 华北电力大学 Gasification and pyrolysis combined garbage heat conversion poly-generation system
CN114395420A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-26 东华工程科技股份有限公司 Plasma gasification system and method for incineration and pyrolysis of hazardous waste

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111925840A (en) * 2020-07-03 2020-11-13 江苏美东环境科技有限公司 Synthetic gas purification method of plasma gasification melting furnace
CN216192087U (en) * 2021-10-07 2022-04-05 华北电力大学 Gasification and pyrolysis combined garbage heat conversion poly-generation system
CN114395420A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-26 东华工程科技股份有限公司 Plasma gasification system and method for incineration and pyrolysis of hazardous waste

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