PL43972B1 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- PL43972B1 PL43972B1 PL43972A PL4397260A PL43972B1 PL 43972 B1 PL43972 B1 PL 43972B1 PL 43972 A PL43972 A PL 43972A PL 4397260 A PL4397260 A PL 4397260A PL 43972 B1 PL43972 B1 PL 43972B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- silica
- acetone
- hydrogel
- ethyl alcohol
- Prior art date
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- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UIERETOOQGIECD-ARJAWSKDSA-N angelic acid group Chemical group C(\C(\C)=C/C)(=O)O UIERETOOQGIECD-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LRCFXGAMWKDGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O LRCFXGAMWKDGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethiol Chemical compound CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004029 silicic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Description
biblioteka! Urzedu Patentowego Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej' Opublikowano dnia 30 l&topada 1960.r. y*z*% J»6 lAj 0lf POLSKIEJ RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ LUDOWEJ OPIS PATENTOWY Nr 43972 KI. 8 a, 5/10 Bronislaw Sikorski Warszawa, Polska Apolonia Skarzynska Warszawa, Polska Sposób wytwarzania srodka do wywabiania plam z tkanin Patent trwa od dnia 2 lutego 1960 r.Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób wytwarza¬ nia srodka do wywabiania z tkanin, zwlaszcza welnianych i bawelnianych plam, powstalych w szczególnosci z tluszczu, smaru, smoly oraz z barwników anilinowych.Sposób wedlug wynalazku polega na tym, ze z roztworu metakrzemianów potasowców wytra¬ ca sie kwasami organicznymi lub nieorganiczny¬ mi uwodniona krzemionke pod postacia hydro- zelu, po czym ten hydrozel poddaje sie powolne¬ mu odwadnianiu w stalej temperaturze za po¬ moca rozpuszczalników mieszajacych sde nieogra- niczenie z woda, jak alkohole, aceton itp. W wy¬ niku tego procesu otrzymuje sie krzemionke o takiej strukturze ziarn, która wchlania w sposób trwaly frakcje ciekla w postaci mieszaniny roz¬ puszczalników, tworzac wraz z nia homogenicz¬ na mieszanine. Jako rozpuszczalnik tluszczów, smarów i smoly nadaje sie szczególnie do tego celu czterochlorek wegla, trójchloroetylen, chlo¬ rek etylenu, chloroform, benzen, toluen, ksylen, natomiast jako rozpuszczalniki barwników ani¬ linowych korzystnie jest stosowac alkohol me¬ tylowy lub etylowy i aceton.Przyklad. 1 czesc wagowa szkla wod¬ nego sodowego lub potasowego rozciencza sie 3 czesciami wagowymi wody, po czym do otrzy¬ manego w ten sposób roztworu dodaje sie 0,1 czesci wagowej 10%-go roztworu alunu, ogrze¬ wajac calosc do temperatury 15—20°C. Jednocze¬ snie przygotowuje sie roztwór 1 czesci wagowej 80%-go kwasu mrówkowego w 15 czesciach wa¬ gowych wody, utrzymujac temperature roztwo¬ ru w granicach 15—20°C. Przez wprowadzenie roztworu szkla wodnego do roztworu kwasu mrówkowego przy silnym mieszaniu i przez do¬ prowadzenie odczynu mieszaniny reakcyjnej do stanu obojetnego (pH-7) nastepuje wytracenie ze¬ lu. Z kolei otrzymany zel odsacza sie i przemy¬ wa kilkakrotnie alkoholem metylowym az docalkowitego usuniecia wody, otrzymujac w wy¬ niku krzemionke, fetóra poddaje sie homogeni¬ zacji z mieszanina odpowiednich rozpuszczalni¬ ków. Zamiast alkoholu metylowego moze byc uzyty alkohol etylowy lub aceton. Produkt be¬ dacy srodkiem do wywabiania plam jest konsy¬ stencji plynnej lub pasty, zaleznie od stosunku ilosciowego zelu i mieszaniny rozpuszczalników.Otrzymany w powyzszy sposób srodek wywa¬ bia plamy dokladnie, w bardzo krótkim czasie, nie pozostawiajac na tkaninie zacieków. Proces wywabiania plam polega na tym, ze po nanie¬ sieniu na zaplamione miejsce wspomnianego srodka, tluszcz lub barwnik anilinowy, znajdu¬ jacy sie na tkaninie, zostaje rozpuszczony przez rozpuszczalnik zawarty w srodku, otrzymanym sposobem wedlug wynalazku, i osadza sie na warstwie krzemionki tegoz srodka, która to warstwe po wyparowaniu rozpuszczalnika usu¬ wa sie mechanicznie z tkaniny wraz z medium plamiacym.Sposób uzycia srodka wedlug wynalazku pole¬ ga na naniesieniu go na miejsce zaplamione i lekkim roztarciu poza obrzeza plamy. Po wypa¬ rowaniu rozpuszczalników (okolo 10 min) pozo¬ staje na tkaninie sucha, spekana warsitewka krzemionki, która usuwa sde przy uzyciu szczotki lub strzepujac reka. PLlibrary! Of the Patent Office of the Polish People's Republic 'Published on 30 January 1960. y * z *% J »6 lAj 0lf POLISH PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC PATENT DESCRIPTION No. 43972 KI. 8 a, 5/10 Bronislaw Sikorski Warsaw, Poland Apolonia Skarzynska Warsaw, Poland Method for the production of a stain removal agent from fabrics The patent has been in force since February 2, 1960 The subject of the invention is a method for producing an agent for removing stains from fabrics, especially wool and cotton stains, especially of grease, grease, tar and aniline dyes. The method according to the invention consists in treating a solution of potassium metasilicates with organic or inorganic acids of hydrated silica in the form of a hydrogel, and then the hydrogel. is subjected to slow dehydration at a constant temperature with the help of solvents mixing the judges unlimitedly with water, such as alcohols, acetone, etc. The result of this process is a silica with a grain structure that permanently absorbs the liquid fractions in form a mixture of solvents, forming a homogeneous mixture with it. Suitable solvents for fats, greases and tar are particularly suitable for this purpose, carbon tetrachloride, trichlorethylene, ethylene chloride, chloroform, benzene, toluene, xylene, while methyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol and acetone are preferably used as solvents for angelic dyes. Example. 1 part by weight of sodium or potassium water glass is diluted with 3 parts by weight of water, and then 0.1 parts by weight of a 10% solution of alum are added to the solution obtained in this way, heating it to a temperature of 15-20 ° C. Simultaneously, a solution of 1 part by weight of 80% formic acid is prepared in 15 parts by weight of water, keeping the temperature of the solution in the range of 15-20 ° C. By introducing the water glass solution into the formic acid solution with vigorous stirring and by adjusting the reaction mixture to a neutral state (pH-7), the precipitation of the gel occurs. The gel obtained is then filtered off and washed several times with methyl alcohol until the water is completely removed, resulting in silica, and the stench is homogenized with a mixture of suitable solvents. Ethyl alcohol or acetone may be used in place of methyl alcohol. The product, which is a stain remover, is a liquid or paste consistency, depending on the quantitative ratio of the gel and the solvent mixture. The product obtained in this way removes the stains thoroughly, in a very short time, leaving no stains on the fabric. The process of removing stains consists in the fact that after applying the above-mentioned agent to the stained place, the grease or aniline dye on the fabric is dissolved by the solvent contained in the agent obtained in the process according to the invention, and deposited on the silica layer of this agent. The agent is mechanically removed from the fabric along with the staining medium after the solvent has evaporated. After the solvents have evaporated (about 10 minutes), a dry, cracked layer of silica remains on the fabric, which can be removed with a brush or by shaking the hand. PL
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL43972B1 true PL43972B1 (en) | 1960-12-15 |
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