PL28079B1 - A method of making soap. - Google Patents
A method of making soap. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL28079B1 PL28079B1 PL28079A PL2807937A PL28079B1 PL 28079 B1 PL28079 B1 PL 28079B1 PL 28079 A PL28079 A PL 28079A PL 2807937 A PL2807937 A PL 2807937A PL 28079 B1 PL28079 B1 PL 28079B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- fatty acids
- soap
- acids
- neutralization
- mixed
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000282994 Cervidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011182 sodium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Description
Podczas wytwarzania mydla z kwasów tluszczowych przez zobojetnianie ich stezo¬ nym lugiem sodowym przy ogrzewaniu w otwartym kotle tworza sie grudki.Wiadomo, ze podczas zobojetniania kwasu tluszczowego stezonym lugiem sodo¬ wym, zawierajacym powyzej 25% NaOH, reakcja zachodzi tak burzliwie, iz jest rze¬ cza niemozliwa otrzymanie masy równo¬ miernie zmydlonej, przy czym wytwarzaja¬ ce sie grudki sa przesycone lugiem sodo¬ wym i nawet w duzym nadmiarze wody rozpuszczaja sie bardzo trudno, a w masie mydlanej, ubogiej w wode, nie moga byc w ogóle rozpuszczone ani tez równomiernie roztarte. Wskutek tego zobojetnienie kwa¬ sów jest niezupelne i masa mydlana zawie¬ ra obok grudek przesyconych lugiem rów¬ niez wolne kwasy tluszczowe. Ta masa mydlana psuje sie zwykle wskutek jelcze- nia.Dotychczas zobojetnianie kwasów tlu¬ szczowych za pomoca mocnych lugów bylo przeprowadzane jedynie przez bardzo nie¬ dogodne i powolne gotowanie w bardzo kosztownych aparatach.Sposób wedlug wynalazku umozliwia przeprowadzanie zabiegu zobojetniania kwasów tluszczowych w otwartym kotle za pomoca stezonego lugu sodowego bez wy¬ zej wspomnianych niedogodnosci, przy czym zobojetnianie to prowadzi sie w takisposób* iz grudki nie tworza sie zupelnie, a proces zobojetniania dobiega do konca.Sposób wedlug wynalazku niniejszego polega na tym, ze zobojetnianie przepro¬ wadza sie w obecnosci soli latwo hydroli- zujacyeh i powstajacych z mocnych zasad i slabych kwasów, np. krzemianów, fosfo¬ ranów lub boranów.Do wyjatków nalezy jednak zaliczyc weglany, jako zupelnie nieodpowiednie, zwlaszcza weglany sodu i potasu, których stosowanie jest juz znane, jednakze do ce¬ lów wynalazku niniejszego nie nadaje sie.Przed zobojetnianiem nalezy najpierw kwasy tluszczowe dokladane wymieszac z wyzej wymienionymi solami i dopiero po¬ tem powoli dodawac lugu sodowego.Gotowe mydlo, otrzymywane sposobem wedlug wynalazku, zawiera malo wody, wobec czego nie ma potrzeby z takiego my¬ dla odparowywac wody w suszarkach.Przyklad. 100 kg kwasów tluszczo¬ wych miesza sie z 5%-ami fosforanu trój- sodowego i ogrzewa do 80°C. Wl kotle o- trzymuje sie jednorodna mase, do której w tej samej temperaturze dodaje sie po¬ woli równowazna ilosc lugu sodowego o stezeniu 42°Be. Za pomoca srodków wy¬ pelniajacych mozna zawartosc kwasu tlu¬ szczowego w mydle zmniejszyc do 45%. PLWhen making soap from fatty acids by neutralizing them with concentrated sodium hydroxide, lumps are formed when heated in an open kettle. It is known that during the neutralization of fatty acid with concentrated sodium hydroxide containing more than 25% NaOH, the reaction is so turbulent that it is very rough. It is impossible to obtain a uniformly saponified mass, while the lumps that are formed are saturated with soda lye and even with a large excess of water they dissolve very difficult, and in a soapy mass, poor in water, they cannot be dissolved at all or evenly rubbed. As a result, the neutralization of the acids is incomplete and the soap mass contains, in addition to lumps saturated with lye, also free fatty acids. This soap mass usually deteriorates due to deer. Until now, the neutralization of fatty acids with strong leaches was only carried out by very inconvenient and slow cooking in very expensive apparatuses. The method according to the invention makes it possible to carry out the neutralization of fatty acids in an open kettle with with the aid of concentrated sodium liquor without the above-mentioned inconveniences, the neutralization being carried out in such a way that the lump does not completely form, and the neutralization process is complete. The method according to the present invention consists in that the neutralization takes place in the presence of salts that easily hydrolyze and are formed from strong bases and weak acids, such as silicates, phosphates or borates. Exceptions, however, include carbonates, as completely inappropriate, especially sodium and potassium carbonates, the use of which is already known, but for The present invention is not suitable. The acids must first be neutralized Mix the added fatty acids with the above-mentioned salts and then slowly add the soda lye. The ready-made soap, obtained according to the invention, contains little water, so there is no need to evaporate the water in the dryers. 100 kg of fatty acids are mixed with 5% trisodium phosphate and heated to 80 ° C. A homogeneous mass is kept in the kettle, to which, at the same temperature, an equal amount of sodium liquor at a concentration of 42 ° Be is slowly added. The fatty acid content of the soap can be reduced to 45% with the aid of fillers. PL
Claims (2)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL28079B1 true PL28079B1 (en) | 1939-03-31 |
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