PL191294B1 - Man-made vitreous fibre batts and their production - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A method of producing a sheet of artificial glassy fibers, in which a mineral melt is centrifugally spread by feeding the melt to the first and second centrifugal melters, placed essentially next to each other (...), characterized in that the centrifugal spread on one or more of the perforators are adjustable independently of the centrifugal disintegration...... 30. Apparatus for producing a batt of artificial vitreous fibers, comprising first and second centrifugal perforators disposed substantially side by side (...), characterized by having an adjustment unit for independent regulation at least two defibrillation parameters…… 34. An integral sheet of artificial glassy fibers, having a first face section extending inwardly from one face, a second face section extending inwardly from the opposite face, and a core section between the first and second face sections, and these sections form one whole with each other, characterized in that the fibers have at least one fiber property different in one of these sections from the fiber properties in at least one of these other sections,………… 39. Device for producing a web from artificial vitreous fibers including a plurality of side-by-side centrifugal cutters and a rigid trough assembly for receiving the melt from the furnace in a receiving position and for delivering the melt to a plurality of discharge positions to said cutters, characterized in that it includes first, third and third centrifugal cutters the second (1, 3, 2), placed next to each other... PL PL PL

Description

Description of the invention

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an artificial vitreous fiber sheet, a device for producing a sheet of artificial vitreous fibers, a sheet of artificial vitreous fibers, and an apparatus for producing a web of artificial vitreous fibers.

A known method of making an artificial vitreous fiber batt comprises centrifugally defibrating a mineral melt to form a cloud of air entrained artificial vitreous fibers by using a centrifugal spinner disposed in the air stream and collecting the fibers on a permeable ribbon-like conveyor having opposite first and second edge regions. , by sucking air from the cloud through the conveyor while the conveyor is moving in the first direction, and cross-lapping the web to form an airfoil.

There are different types of centrifugal spinners for the defibering of mineral alloys. Many include a disc or bowl that rotates about a substantially vertical axis. It is then known to line up a number of these spinners, i.e. substantially in the first direction, e.g. as disclosed in GB 926749, US 3824086 and WO83 / 03092. Typically the same alloy is supplied to all spinners so as to result in a substantially homogeneous product. However, it is known from French patent FR 1321446 that organic fibers are deposited on the face surfaces of a batt, and it is also known to add a binder or other materials to the fiber cloud. U.S. Patent No. 3,824,086 states that arranging the spinners in two rows next to each other has the disadvantage of causing non-uniformity along the centerline of the pleat.

Other centrifugal spinners are those that include at least one fiberising rotor mounted to rotate about a horizontal axis. Such spinners may have a single rotor or a pair of rotors onto which the melt is fed and upon which the fibers form, but more commonly the spinners are cascade spinners in which the melt is supplied to the first rotor and from there the melt is thrown onto the second, third and possibly fourth. rotor sequentially, with the refining taking place on the second and downstream rotors, and often on the first rotor as well.

The properties of the fibers formed in each spinner depend on the fiberising parameters in the given spinner, namely the conditions in the spinner which influence fiber formation.

One important fiberising parameter is the type of melt that is fed to a given spinner, as fiber formation is affected by a change in the physical properties of the melt (in particular, the viscosity, which depends on both temperature and chemical composition) and the fiber characteristics change as a result of changes in the chemical composition of the alloy.

Another fiberising parameter is the rate at which the melt is fed to a given spinner. In general, longer fibers and stronger wool can be obtained with a lower melt feed rate than a higher one (while all other parameters remain unchanged).

Another fiberising parameter is the position of the fiberising rotor or at least one of the rotors with respect to the point where the melt enters the spinner. For example, the melt is usually poured from top to bottom over the rotor or the first rotor in a spinner, and the angle that the melt flow forms with the surface of that rotor affects the performance of the spinner. Likewise, when there are consecutive rotors, the position of each rotor in relation to the others can affect performance.

Another fiberising parameter is the acceleration field produced by the rotor, or the fields produced by the rotors (if there is more than one rotor). The acceleration field depends on the diameter of the rotor and its speed of rotation.

There is usually an air flow associated with the rotor or each fiberising rotor, the fibers being entrained in this air from the rotor surface as they are formed. The air stream has a current field, and the current field of that stream or each air stream associated with the spinner is another important defibering parameter.

In known methods, a single cascade or other spinner serves to defibrate the mineral melt and the fibers are entrained in the air as a cloud of fibers. The fibers are collected on a permeable conveyor as a web having first and second opposing edge regions and a central region by sucking air from the cloud through the conveyor.

The web often has a variable structure or properties and for this and other reasons it is known practice to fold the web to form a batt, the first face section being

The batt is formed predominantly from the first web edge region, and the opposite second face section of the web is predominantly formed from the opposite second web edge region, and the flap has a core section between its first and second face sections.

Typically, it is desirable that the batt is as homogeneous as possible throughout its thickness, i.e. it is preferred that there are no deliberate changes between the first face section, the core section and the second face section of the batt.

For some purposes, a batt is required which has variable properties throughout its thickness, but this is traditionally achieved by producing a substantially uniform batt and then treating it to alter its surface properties. For example, it is known to apply additional binder to one face, and / or it is known to separate one face section from the main panel, treat the face section and then reattach it to the main panel, and it is also known to laminate a thin panel with a thicker panel having different properties.

It is known to modify the fiberising conditions in a single spinner by changing the fiberising parameters. Examples are given in US Patents 3,159,457 and 4,210,432, European Patent EP-A-080963, and International Patent Publications WO92 / 10436, WO92 / 12940 and WO96 / 18585. In some of these methods, the change takes place during the process, while in others the change is made before the start of the process by selecting the defibering parameters appropriately.

While the known methods employ a single cascade or other spinner, there are also some suggestions in the literature for introducing a first and a second spinner substantially side-by-side and possibly a third spinner between the first and second spinners. The fibers from all three spinners form one cloud of air entrained fibers, and when this cloud is collected on a web conveyor, the first and second spinners produce fibers which for the most part form the first and second edge regions of the web, respectively, and if there is a third spinner (or more than one such third spinner), then the third spinner (s) provide the fibers which substantially form the center region of the web.

For example, a process with a pair of rotors has been described, one of them being positioned as a mirror image of the other rotor. The fact that one is a mirror image of the other does not result in a different fiberising performance on the two spinners.

The international patent publication WO92 / 12940 discloses the use of three cascade spinning machines side by side. It discloses that the relative positions of the axes of the individual rotors should be adjusted to optimize fiberising. International Patent Publication No. WO 92/12940 does not suggest that the relative positions of the rotors on one cascade spinner should differ from the relative positions of the rotors on one of the other three cascade spinners shown in the drawings.

In the prior art, the goal is usually to obtain a web that is as homogeneous as possible, so it is logical that the parameters in each spinner should be set the same, although a variation in the concentration of the binder or colorant in the width direction is disclosed in EP Patent Specification No. -A-374112.

The present invention addresses two separate problems.

One problem arises from the fact that, as mentioned above, it will often be desirable to have the ability to produce an airfoil in which the edge section has properties deliberately selected to be different from those of the core section. For example, in some cases it would be desirable for the fibers in the edge section to have a different average diameter or average length than the fibers in the core section. In this way, the airfoil surface and insulation properties or other general physical properties of the airfoil can be optimized independently. Currently, this problem is solved by separating the batt at a certain depth and subjecting one section to a treatment different from the others before reattaching them, either by surface treatment or by laminating the panels produced separately.

The object of the invention is to provide new airfoils with different properties adjustable in their thickness, as well as a device and a method for their production.

A second problem arises when one or more side-by-side spinners are used to produce a single web. Due to the nature of the process and the design of the collection chamber, it is difficult to closely observe what is happening on the individual spinners. At present, however, it should be taken into account that the performance of individual spinners in a set of two or more spinners may be relatively independent of each other, even though the spinners are intended to

To work in a similar manner. Thus, if two substantially identical spinners are positioned side by side, having the same rotor diameter and rotational speed and the same air jets, and fed with the same amount of the same alloy, it could be predicted that the fiber yield and fiber properties of each spinner would be the same. themselves. In fact, it has now been found that this need not necessarily be the case, and that two spinners, which are intended to be identical and which are intended to operate under identical conditions, can and in fact often give different fiber yields and properties, or both.

The reason for this is not clear, but is likely to be due to the difficulty of establishing in a completely reliable manner any particular set of process conditions, including the high temperature, high speed rotors and high air velocity associated with each spinner. Moreover, since the spinners are necessarily positioned at different positions relative to the collecting device, this difference in position may contribute to differences in performance, e.g. due to differences in airflow around each spinner. Regardless of the cause, however, it is believed that systematic or sometimes spontaneous change occurs and reduces the efficiency of the production process as a whole.

Thus, the invention also encompasses the recognition that this problem exists and the desire to solve this problem so as to avoid undesirable and uncontrolled variations in fiberising characteristics for individual spinners in a set of side-by-side spinners. In this way, the efficiency can be improved and, for example, undesirable variations in the thickness of the web and thus potentially the thickness of the batt can be avoided.

The invention relates to new airfoils which have variable properties over their thickness, and to a device and method that is able to solve both the problems of producing these new airfoils and avoid undesirable changes in the web.

According to the invention, a method for producing an artificial vitreous fiber batt, in which the mineral melt is centrifugally fiberized by supplying the melt to first and second centrifugal spinners arranged substantially next to each other, and optionally to one or more third centrifugal spinners between the first and second spinners. wherein each centrifugal spinner comprises at least one fiberising rotor mounted rotatably about a substantially horizontal axis, and the or each rotor creates an acceleration field, the fibers from each spinner are entrained from each spinner around at least one fiberising rotor of each spinner by an air stream having a current field, and so on. thus creating one cloud of air entrained fibers, collecting the fibers on a permeable web-shaped conveyor having first and second opposing edge regions and a central region by sucking air from the cloud through the conveyor, the spinning machines the first and the second produce fibers which mainly form the first and second edge regions, and cross-lays the webs to form a panel, the first face section of the panel being mainly formed from the first edge region of the web and the opposite, second face section of the panel being mainly formed from the second edge region of the web and the flap has a core section between the first and second face sections, characterized in that the centrifugal fiberization on one or more spinners is controlled independently of the centrifugal fiberization on one or more other spinners by independently adjusting one or more of the other spinners. on different spinners, at least two defibering parameters, before or during the manufacture of the man-made vitreous fiber batt, changing one or more properties of the edge regions of the web or the core region of the web, selected from average fiber diameter, average fiber length, shot content, tensile properties of the wool, density and chemical composition, the parameters being selected from the physical properties and / or chemical composition of the melt fed to the spinner, the melt feed rate to the spinner, the position of the fiberising rotor, or at least one of the fiberising rotors in the spinner relative to the position of the melt entry point to a given spinner, the acceleration field or fields on a given spinner, and the current field of the given air stream or each air stream associated with the spinner.

The process is preferably carried out using at least one such third centrifugal spinner interposed between the first and second spinners.

Preferably, each spinner is a cascade spinner with a first rotor rotating about a substantially horizontal axis and at least one further rotor rotating about a substantially horizontal axis and receiving the melt discharged from the first rotor and ejecting this melt in the form of fibers.

PL 191 294 B1

Preferably, an air flow is provided around each spinner, at least in part as the main air flow that flows substantially in contact with part or all of the rotor or at least one of these further rotors, and optionally also as a secondary air flow that flows around the main flow. air.

Preferably, the main air flow is led from a directing means which abuts the circumference of the rotor or each of the further rotors and directs the air flow substantially parallel to the rotor surface and at an angle of 5 to 60 ° thereto.

Preferably, a directing agent is used on the third or each third spinner to direct the air flow at an angle which at least some parts of the spinner is at least 20 ° and at least 5 ° greater than the angle in corresponding parts of one of the other spinners.

Preferably, the centrifugal fiberising is independently controlled by independently selecting the flow field of a given stream or each air stream assigned to one spinner relative to the flow field of a given stream or each air stream assigned to another spinner.

Preferably, a difference of at least 5 [deg.] In the orientation of the airflow in one spinner and the orientation of the airflow at the corresponding position in the other spinner is used as a result of this selection.

Preferably, the acceleration field on the further rotor, some or all of the further rotors of one or more spinners, is at least 10% greater than the acceleration field on the corresponding rotor or rotors of another spinner.

Preferably, one spinner is fed with an amount of melt that is at least 10% greater than the amount fed to one of the other spinners.

Preferably all spinners are used side by side within a substantially oval channel.

Preferably, a web with a modified defibering properties in the edge region of the web and / or the core region of the web is used and provides a web having substantially uniform properties across its width.

Preferably, the change in properties in the edge region of the web or the core of the web is a change in performance, thereby obtaining a web with a substantially uniform mineral content across its width.

Preferably, at least two of the fiberising parameters are varied whereby the web edge region and / or the web core region and the batt edge section and / or the batt core section are altered to achieve the A-B, A-A-B, A-B-A or A-B-C configuration.

Preferably, the average fiber diameter in one of the web regions and at least one batt section is at least 10% less than the average fiber diameter in at least one of these other web regions and in at least one of the other batt sections.

Preferably, the average fiber length in at least one of the airfoil sections and in at least one of the web regions is at least 10% less than the average fiber length in at least one of the other airfoil sections and in at least one of these other web regions.

Preferably, the shot content of at least one of the airfoil sections and at least one of the web regions is at least 10% less than the shot content of at least one of the other airfoil sections and at least one of these other web regions.

Preferably, the chemical composition of the fibers in at least one of the airfoil sections and at least one of the web regions differs by an amount of at least 2% of one of the fiber components in at least one of the other airfoil sections and at least one of the other regions. ribbons.

Preferably, each spinner is mounted independently of the other spinners.

The invention further relates to an apparatus for producing a batt of artificial vitreous fibers comprising first and second centrifugal spinners arranged substantially adjacent to each other, and optionally one or more third centrifugal spinners between the first and second spinners, each centrifugal spinner having at least one a fiberising rotor mounted rotatably around a substantially horizontal axis, the or each rotor producing an acceleration field, means for feeding a melt of artificial vitreous fibers to each spinner, means for entraining fibers from each spinner around at least one fiberising rotor of each spinner in an air stream having field current and thereby producing one cloud of air entrained fibers, a permeable conveyor to collect the fibers in the form

A web having first and second opposing edge regions and a central region and means for sucking air from the cloud through a conveyor, the first and second spinners producing fibers which mainly form the first and second edge regions, respectively. and means for cross-folding the web to form an airfoil, the first panel face section being mainly formed from the first web edge region and the opposite, second panel face section being mainly formed from the second web edge region, the panel having a core section between the sections first and second faces, characterized in that it has a control unit for independently adjusting at least two fiberising parameters on one or different spinners, before or during the manufacture of the artificial vitreous fiber batt, these parameters being selected from among the physical properties and / or chemical composition of the melt fed to the spinner, the feed rate is one hundred pu to the spinner, the position of the fiberising rotor or at least one of the fiberising rotors in the spinner relative to the position of the melt entry point to a given spinner, the acceleration field or fields on a given spinner, and the current field of a given air stream or each air stream assigned to the spinner.

Preferably, the device has means for independently selecting the flow field of a given stream or each air stream assigned to one spinner relative to the flow area of a given stream or each air stream assigned to another spinner.

Preferably, this selection results in a difference of at least 5 ° in the orientation of the airflow in one spinner and in the orientation of the airflow at a corresponding position in the other spinner.

Preferably, each spinner is mounted independently of the other spinners.

Furthermore, the invention relates to an integral plastic sheet; vitreous fibers having a first face section extending inwardly from one face, a second face section extending inwards from the opposite face, and a core section between the first and second face sections, and these sections are one whole with each other, characterized by that the fibers have at least one fiber property different in one of these sections from the fiber properties in at least one of the other sections, the properties being selected from average fiber diameter, average fiber length, shot content, tensile strength, density and the chemical composition of the fibers.

Preferably, the average fiber diameter in one section is at least 10% smaller than the average fiber diameter in at least one of the other sections.

Preferably, the average fiber length in one section is at least 10% less than the average fiber length in at least one of the other sections.

Preferably, the shot content of one of the sections is at least 10% less than the shot content of at least one of the other sections.

Preferably, the chemical composition of the fibers in one section differs by at least one component by an amount of at least 2% from the chemical composition of the fibers in one or more of the other sections.

The invention further relates to an apparatus for producing a web of artificial vitreous fibers comprising a plurality of centrifugal spinners placed side by side and a rigid chute assembly for receiving the melt from the furnace in the receiving position and for supplying the melt to a series of discharge positions to the spinners, characterized by comprising spinning machines. centrifugal first, third and second disposed side-by-side, the chute assembly being arranged to receive the melt from the furnace at a receiving position and to supply the melt from the first, third and second discharge positions to the first, third and second spinner, respectively, wherein the chute assembly has first and second side arms extending in generally opposite directions transversely from the receiving position towards the first and second discharge positions, respectively, and a third arm extending generally in a forward direction from the receiving position to the third discharge position. and means to keep it safe the horizontal tilting of the chute about a substantially horizontal axis that extends in the generally transverse direction and about a substantially horizontal axis that extends in a substantially forward direction, the flow rate at each of the first, second and third outflow positions being adjustable independently of the intensity flow in each of the other positions.

Preferably, the chute is substantially T-shaped with a vertical "T" portion extending forward and the chute is mounted to rotate about a substantially horizontal axis substantially parallel to the vertical "T" portion and to allow for rotation about a substantially horizontal axis substantially parallel to the vertical "T" portion. independent rotation about a substantially horizontal axis substantially perpendicular to the axis which is substantially parallel to the vertical portion "T".

Thus, in the method according to the invention, at least two fiberising parameters are different on one or different spinners.

PL 191 294 B1

The invention includes apparatus and methods in which at least two parameters can be adjusted on one of the spinners and one or all of the other spinners are not in-process controlled. In fact, these other spinners may be constructed in such a way that adjustment of their parameters may be difficult to achieve (ie, the spinners and the melt feed are not designed to facilitate such adjustment).

In other methods and apparatuses of the invention, adjustment of at least two parameters is achieved by adjusting one parameter on one spinner and another parameter on the other spinner. Adjusting any parameter on any spinner can be difficult to obtain. Further adjustment of the second or subsequent parameters may be difficult to achieve with controlled spinners, but is usually possible.

Typically, however, at least one parameter, and usually at least two parameters, and often all parameters can be controlled on at least two (usually all) spinners. Often, at least two parameters on one spinner are adjusted in-process with the other spinner and or spinners remaining unregulated, or possibly being adjusted with respect to one or more of their parameters.

In practice, in accordance with the invention, it is necessary to adjust at least two parameters (either different parameters on two different spinners, or at least two parameters on one or more spinners) since it has been found that adjusting a single parameter in a multi-spun process does not provide adequate control flexibility. so as to achieve the careful process control that is desired in accordance with the invention. For example, if the capacity from one spinner is inadequate, adjusting only the parameter related to the amount of melt fed to the spinner does not provide the desired capacity that is required. In practice, it will be necessary to adjust at least another parameter, e.g. one or more of the acceleration fields or the air current fields, so as to compensate for changes that will occur as a result of adjusting the parameter related to the amount of stop:

Adjustment of at least two parameters can be performed primarily to achieve a homogeneous or more homogeneous web. For example, the adjustment may be performed primarily with the intention of varying the fiber content across the web width, e.g. to obtain edges having a greater fiber weight than otherwise would be the case, e.g. such that the weight of the fiber and the shot content of the web are be substantially uniform in the transverse direction of the web.

Thus, it was the first time to optimize the operation of known processes with two and three spinners.

However, the invention is particularly valuable when it is intentionally introduced with the intention of producing changes in the width of the web, these changes generally being in the average fiber diameter, the average fiber length, the shot content, or the chemical composition.

Thanks to this, it was possible to manufacture a new product, which is an integral sheet of artificial vitreous fibers.

The statement that the sections are one whole with each other means that they have the integral nature that is inherent in the air-laying of the web and the cross-folding of the web on top of one another. This fiber distribution differs from the fiber distribution obtained with prior processes in which a face section is formed and then laminated to the rest of the batt. Even when lamination is carried out under conditions aimed at maximizing the entanglement of the fiber, the sections are not integral with each other in the sense that can be achieved when they are made simply by cross-folding by the method of the invention.

The spinners used in the invention may be any centrifugal spinners having one or more fiberising rotors mounted for rotation about a substantially horizontal axis.

In general, however, each spinner is a cascade spinner. Thus preferably each spinner that is used to form the web is a cascade spinner having a first rotor mounted to rotate about a substantially horizontal axis and at least one further rotor mounted to rotate about a substantially horizontal axis and positioned to receive the melt. ejected from the first rotor and discarded as filaments.

Usually there is a first rotor from which a certain amount of fibers can be produced, but which, however, mainly serves to accelerate the melt and eject the melt onto the second rotor, a second rotor which defeats and ejects the melt onto the third rotor, and either all of the melt on the third rotor is refined8

In the first rotor, or the third rotor defibrates and throws the melt onto the fourth rotor, all of the melt is defibrated. Fibering on at least the second and further rotors, and possibly the first rotor, takes place in an air stream having a current field that can affect fiber formation.

Suitable cascade spinners are disclosed in GB-A-1559117 and international patent publications WO92 / 06047, WO92 / 12939 and WO92 / 12940.

One way to change the properties of the fiber on individual spinners is to swap the amount of melt, and this is of particular importance when the spinners are cascade spinners. It is therefore desirable to be able to control very precisely the amount of alloy that is introduced into each spinner. In general, it is preferable to supply one alloy to all spinners from one furnace and it is then convenient to provide a suitable chute arrangement through which the melt can flow from the furnace to each spinner. It is difficult to control the exact amount of melt once it is flowing through the chute towards the spinner, and in particular it is difficult to do so when one rigid system of chutes is used to supply the melt to three or more spinners. For example, the use of adjustable tumblers at gutter outlets becomes rather inconvenient.

A device was developed for the production of artificial vitreous fibers from multiple cascade spinners, which allows the melt flow to each spinner to be individually optimized. This device thus allows the quantity of melt supplied to one spinner to be adjusted in such a way that it differs from the amount of melt supplied to the other or other spinners.

Generally the chute assembly is generally "T" shaped with the vertical "T" portion acting as the third arm of the chute and extending forward and the chute is mounted to be pivoted about a substantially horizontal (forward) axis, substantially parallel. to the vertical "T" portion and being pivotable about a substantially horizontal axis substantially perpendicular to the axis extending to the front. By the term "forward" direction, we mean a horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the lateral direction that extends between the first and second discharge positions.

While a chute is a preferred device for independently adjusting the flow rate of one melt to three spinners, other means may also be used to adjust the flow rate to one or more spinners independently of adjusting the flow rate to the other spinners. A suitable device is disclosed in PCT / EP98 / 00274.

To enable the use of a single machine to produce a variety of products, ranging from products that are intentionally uniform across the width of the web to two or more products having intentionally variable properties across the width of the web (and thickness of the batt), it is imperative that each spinner could be independently controlled by independently selecting at least two of the defined fiberising parameters. Preferably, at least one, and generally all, centrifugal spinners are independently controlled by independently selecting at least two of the fiberising parameters. Preferably, at least one spinner, and preferably all spinners, are independently controlled by independently selecting three, four or five of the defined parameters.

Independent selection can be made before starting the process. For example, one of the spinners may be constructed in such a way that it is assumed to produce fibers that are different from the others. For example, where the spinners are cascade spinners, one or more of the spinners may be three rotor spinners, while one or more of the other spinners may be four rotor spinners. Typically, however, all spinners have the same number of rotors, and in particular all three spinners each have three rotors, or more preferably all have four rotors.

One or more spinners may be constructed to have different rotor or rotor dimensions than one or more of the other spinners. For example, one or more spinners may be constructed as disclosed in WO92 / 06047, while one or more of the remaining spinners may be constructed to have a specific rotor size and speed as disclosed in WO92 / 12939. or WO92 / 12940.

Preferably, however, the independent control of one or more of the spinners includes the independent selection of two or more fiberising parameters at the start of a particular process cycle or even during a process cycle. Thus, at the beginning of the cycle, the defibering parameters can be selected to form a combination that is selected in view of the desired end product.

Or changes can be made during the cycle. When a change in two or more process parameters is made over the course of a cycle, this adjustment and independent selection in accordance with the invention can be made in response to spontaneous or undesirable changes in the fiber manufacturing process. For example, it can be observed that the fiber yield from one of the spinners spontaneously drops, in which case one or more of the fiberising parameters are adjusted to restore the desired yield value.

Usually, however, changes are made more frequently during the production cycle to change the nature of the manufactured product. For example, with the invention, it is possible to quickly switch production from one product to another.

Adjustment of at least two of the fiberising parameters may be automatic or manual. For example, the desired properties of the edge area or the core area can be programmed in the control system controlling the overall machine such that the defibering parameters are automatically adjusted to obtain the desired properties. A suitable control system is described in European patent application EP 97309674.6.

One of the defibrating parameters that can be adjusted relates to the alloy itself. Parameters can include its physical properties (generally its viscosity) and / or its chemical composition. The viscosity is influenced by both the temperature and the chemical composition of the alloy, and the viscosity influences the fiberising process.

Thus, if the spinners are otherwise similar, but the melt has a different viscosity when it reaches one spinner than when it reaches another spinner, the fiber quality will be different. If there is a deliberate difference in viscosity as the melt reaches the spinners, the difference is usually at least 10 cps, often 20 or 30 cps. It can be as high as 200 cP or more.

If there is a melt temperature difference as the melt reaches the spinners, the difference is usually at least 10 ° C, e.g. at least 20 ° C and may be as high as 50 ° C or even 100 ° C. If there is a difference in chemical composition there may be a relatively small difference, e.g. a difference of at least 1% or at least 2% by weight (measured as oxides) of the at least one component in the alloy, but may be greater, e.g. at least 5% or 10% or more based on one or more components of the alloy.

Another fiberising parameter difference that can be used relates to differences in melt flow rates, particularly when the spinners are otherwise of substantially identical construction. For example, if all spinners are substantially identical in design, increasing (or decreasing) the feed rate (kg / min) to one of the spinners, e.g., by at least 5% or even 10%, and often up to 30% to 60% or more, may make a significant difference in the quality of the fiber from this spinner.

Another fiberising parameter difference that can be used relates to the position of the fiberising rotor or at least one of the fiberising rotors relative to the melt inlet point to the spinner. For example, the entire spinner can be moved sideways so as to vary the angle at which the melt hits the first rotor by at least 5 ° or 10 °, from an angle close to 90 ° to an angle that is much less. Alternatively, the entire spinner may be rotated about a horizontal axis, e.g., as disclosed in US Patent 3,159,475, typically by at least 5 °, or individual rotors may be moved vertically and / or horizontally with respect to each other. One or more spinners may be oscillating about a vertical axis or may be set at a constant angle to the longitudinal direction of movement of the cloud of fibers so as to direct the cloud in a selected direction. A suitable method and device for adjusting the position of each spinner is disclosed in EP-A-825965.

However, the invention also encompasses methods in which changing the defibering parameters results in terminating the melt feed to one or more spinners, provided that the at least two spinners still receive the melt for defibering. Thus, when there are three spinners, the invention includes processes in which the supply of the melt to one spinner (usually a third spinner) ends, and when there are four spinners, the invention includes processes in which the introduction of the melt into one or two spinners ends, etc. This may have the advantage that the spinner which no longer receives the melt may still be used as a means for throwing primary and possibly secondary air and / or cooling water and / or binder forward from the spinners, but without adding any fibers to the load that is collected as a web.

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Another fiberising parameter that can be varied is the acceleration field or fields. It is defined as the acceleration field on the surface of the rotating rotor and as the centripetal acceleration a of the circle surface element with radius r [m], rotating at angular velocity ω [s ^-1 ]:

-2 a = ro · [ms ^- ], where ω = 2nn / 60 in = revolutions per minute.

This change can be achieved by replacing one rotor with a rotor of a different diameter (as discussed above), but according to the invention this is usually achieved by varying the rotational speed. When each spinner has more than one rotor, the change may be for each of the rotors or for only one or some of the rotors.

As a result of changes in the acceleration field, the increase is usually at least 10%, and often at least 20%, and can be up to 50% or more. For example, when each spinner consists of a single rotor, the field of acceleration in one may be at least 10% greater than in the other; whereas, when the spinners are cascade spinners, the fields of acceleration on the first or second rotor, or on one or more subsequent rotors, will typically be at least 10% higher in one of the spinners than in the corresponding rotors in one or more of the other spinners.

In cascade spinners, it is preferable to supply an air flow to each fiberising spinner through the main air flow which flows substantially in contact with some or all of the circumference of the rotor or each of the successive rotors, and possibly also in contact with part or all of the circumference of the first rotor. . For example, there may be an air gap with a diameter substantially the same as that of the rotor adapted to supply the main air flow through the circumference of the rotor. Typically, this primary air is supplemented with a secondary air stream that flows around the primary air stream.

The main air flow may originate from a directing means which is adjacent to the circumference of the rotor or each rotor and which is arranged to direct the air flow coaxially or usually at an angle α between the velocity vector and the axial direction of 5 ° to 60 °. , such that the tangential component is generally co-vortex with the rotor.

Directing means on one or more rotors in one of the spinners are often positioned so as to impose a larger tangent component on the main air flow on one or more rotors in one or more spinners, typically by at least 5 °. When a third spinner is present, the greatest angle is usually therein. Generally, the greatest contact angle on the third spinner is at least 5 ° greater than the greatest contact angle on the first and second spinners and is usually at least 20 °. In some embodiments, however, it is preferable to have larger angles on the first and second spinners as this helps to produce fibers with higher tensile strength.

In order to minimize the impingement of the cloud of fibers against the walls of the collecting chamber where the cloud is directed to the conveyor, it may be desirable to have main air flow directing means positioned at different angles in different parts of any particular rotor so as to be optimizable, taking into account the design of the collecting chamber. angle of contact to maximize tensile strength while minimizing the extent of impact of the fiber cloud against the walls of the collecting chamber.

The variation in the fiberising conditions may therefore be related to the flow field of the air stream. The air stream may consist of primary air stream only, or it may be composed of primary and secondary air streams with the secondary air stream surrounding the primary air stream. Thus, the main airflow velocity vector at a particular point in one of the spinners may be greater, typically at least 10% greater, and often 30 to 80% greater than the main airflow velocity vector at a substantially corresponding point in the other spinner, and / or the secondary airflow velocity vector at a particular point may be at least 10% greater, and often 30 to 80% greater than the secondary airflow velocity vector at a substantially corresponding point in another spinner.

There is often an adjustable primary air flow, along with a secondary air flow that may be supplied, inter alia, by a secondary air flow located downstream of the spinner, and which provides a relatively strong air flow in the forward direction.

And upwards so as to influence the flow field in the collecting chamber and to minimize the loss of wool in the shaft which is usually located in front of and downstream of the spinner to collect the shot.

The velocity vector of the primary air flow (and / or secondary air flow) may be varied by simply varying the air flow rate upstream and downstream of the spinner, e.g. when some or all of the air is flowing coaxially with the spinner and parallel to the spinner axis, although it may be desirable to impose a component tangential to this air stream as it approaches the spinner. Preferably, a tangential component as described above is imposed on the main air stream close to the periphery of the spinner or each spinner so as to modify the fiber formation conditions at the periphery surface of the rotor or each rotor in the spinner.

By changing this angle, the velocity vector can be changed. For example, the angle of a specific velocity vector at a particular point in one spinner may differ by at least 5 ° from that of a velocity vector of the same value at a corresponding point in another spinner due to a difference of at least 5 ° in the orientation of the airflow in one spinner. on the spinner and orientation of the air flow to the corresponding position on the second spinner.

Each spinner can be mounted independently of the other spinners and each can be constructed and mounted as set forth in International Patent Publication WO96 / 38391. For example, each spinner may be constructed with its own substantially tubular passage as shown in Fig. 6 of International Patent Publication WO96 / 38391. The two channels may merge into a collecting chamber, constructed generally as disclosed in WO96 / 38391. Reference is made to this publication as a full disclosure of the structure of the substantially tubular conduit, the spinner and the entire apparatus.

Rather than mounting individual spinners, each in its own associated tubular channel, the preferred methods of the invention provide for mounting two or more spinners in a single channel which will be generally oval in shape so as to allow two or more spinners to be placed side by side in the channel. . Besides being oval rather than circular, other channel and device structural details may be substantially as disclosed in WO96 / 38391. Thus, vanes may be provided on the inside of the channel wall, and the vanes may be shaped or adjustable to impart a different non-axial movement to the individual axial segments of air flowing through the spinners and thus becoming secondary air, discussed above.

The conveyor must be wide enough to accept fibers from one or more spinners. Often the sides of the conveyor are defined by the walls of the collecting chamber, but an air jet or other suitable arrangement may be used to enclose the cloud of fibers. The velocity vector of the main gas jets then preferably has both an axial component and a co-eddy tangential component.

The web formed on the conveyor is cross-lapped to form a flap. This can be done by a pendulum technique or any other technique by which the web sections can be stacked on top of each other transversely to the advancing direction of the batt, so that all first edges of the web tend to form one panel face and the other edges of the web tend to form an opposite panel face. An example of a cross-lay system that does not use a swinging cross-stacker is given in Patent Application PCT / EP97 / 00965.

The web may be a continuous web, in which case it adopts a zig-zag pattern within the airfoil. When cross-lapping occurs in this manner, the angle of each lap to the transverse direction is generally less than 15 ° and preferably less than 10 °. Typically at least 4 and preferably 6 or 8 tabs, e.g. up to 20 tabs, of the web are stacked on top of each other to form the overall thickness of the batt. By arranging e.g. at least 6 laps on top of each other and extending from one face of the panel to the other, it is ensured that the first face section is formed mainly (e.g. at least 80% by weight) of fibers from the first opposite edge of the panel. and the second face section is made of fibers from the second opposite edge of the panel, and the panel forms a single unit by not being formed by joining the panel to another panel.

The core consists mainly of fibers from the central area of the airfoil, the outer portions of the core joining in a zone formed by the same fibers as at the opposite first and second edges, respectively.

By changing at least two defibering parameters, the fibers and other properties in the web can be controlled. As noted, the properties of the fiber of interest may mainly include yield (grams of mineral material per unit area),

In particular, when it is desired to have a web as homogeneous as possible, but simply changing the yield will normally change the properties of the fiber unless a compensating change is made to another parameter.

Typically, however, the purpose of changing the two or more fiberising parameters is to achieve variable properties that are typically selected from average fiber diameter, average fiber length, shot content, and chemical composition, in one or more of the web edge regions or the core region of the web. Thus, the web may have an A-B or A-A-B configuration or an A-B-A or A-B-C configuration across its width, and the batt may likewise have any such configurations in thickness.

The average fiber diameter of the core section of the batt and / or the center region of the web may differ from the average fiber diameter of the face. For example, the core may have an average fiber diameter that is less than 90% or greater than 100% (e.g., 20 to 90% or 110 to 200%) of the average fiber diameter of the face section.

Instead of expressing the quality of the fiber by differences in fiber diameter or in addition, the quality may be expressed by differences in fiber length, and again the core section of the batt and / or the center area of the web may have a fiber length below 90% or above 110% (e.g. 50 to 90%). % or 110 to 200%) of the average fiber length of the face.

Another expression of the difference in fiber quality is the shot content. Shot consists of all particles with a diameter greater than 63 μm. The core section of the airfoil or the central zone of the web may have a shot content of less than 90% or greater than 110% (e.g., 50 to 90% or 110 to 200%) of the shot content of the face.

It is often preferred that the core zone has an average fiber diameter and / or a shot content of at least 10% (and typically 20-60%) less than the corresponding values for one or both of the face sections and / or that the face sections have a fiber length that is at least 10% smaller (and typically 20-60% smaller) than the core section. This gives the core optimal insulation properties (maximizing fineness) and allows optimization of strength or other properties in one or both face sections (maximizing fiber length). In other words, the length of the fibers in the core section is at least 10% (often 20-60%) less than in the face sections.

Another expression of the fiber quality differences is the tensile strength of the sheet. This may vary across the thickness of the batt, the core typically having a tensile strength of typically less than 90% or greater than 110% (typically 50-90% or 110 to 150%) of the tensile strength of the face.

Another expression of the difference in fiber quality is density. Density is the total mass per unit volume of the material that is collected in the batt and the core. Typically the capacity of one spinner is at least 5% greater or less than that of one or more other spinners, although they may be of the same design and set to operate theoretically under the same conditions, and this may lead to density variations.

Each face section having a defined fiber quality is at least 5% of the thickness of the batt, extending inward from the outermost surface, and the core section (if different) is typically at least 20% of the thickness. There is an area of transitional properties between the sections, e.g., between the face section and the core section. Often, each face section is at least 10% of the thickness, but usually no more than 30 to 40% if there is a different core section. The core section (if any) can be as much as 80% of the thickness when the face sections are thin, but is often no more than 30 or 40%.

The alloy may be any mineral susceptible to fiberising and may be glass, slag or rock. Often it is a slag or rock, e.g. with more than 15% by weight of alkaline earth metal oxides and less than 10% by weight of alkali metal oxides in its composition. For example, it may be a known slag or rock alloy or a high aluminum alloy as disclosed in WO96 / 14274, or a low aluminum alloy as disclosed in an earlier embodiment discussed in WO96 / 12274.

The binder or other additives can be introduced into the fiber cloud in a known manner. The amount of binder or other additive may be the same in each spinner or may be different.

The batt may have any known configuration, e.g. mats or plates, and may be cut and / or shaped (e.g. into pipe sections) during curing or after curing of the binder.

The articles of the invention can be shaped for any of the known uses of man-made vitreous fibers, e.g. as blocks, sheets, tubes or other shaped

Products intended to serve as heat insulation, fire insulation, soundproofing or noise reducing or regulating insulation, or in suitable shapes for use as growing substrates in horticulture, or as free fibers to reinforce cement, plastics or other products , or as a filler.

The subject matter of the invention is shown in the drawings in which Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a device suitable for use according to the invention; Figure 2 is a perspective view of a chute assembly suitable for feeding three of the cascade spinners of Figure 1; Fig. 3 shows the manufactured batt in vertical section; Figure 4 is a perspective view of another device suitable for use in the invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, the three cascade spinners 1, 3 and 2 have rotors 4 from which the fibers are centrifugally thrown in a known manner. Fibers from spinner 1 mainly collect in web 7 on conveyor 5 along edge region R1, while fibers from spinner 2 mainly collect along opposite edge region R2 and fibers from spinner 3 mainly collect along center region R3. Regions R1 and R3 join with each other in transition zone 6, and regions R2 and R3 similarly join with each other in transition zone 6.

If necessary, a binder or other material different from man-made vitreous fibers can preferably be injected from one or more of the spinners, e.g. only through the spinner 3 such that in the central region R3 the additive concentration is significantly higher than the concentration in the regions R1 or R2.

The web 7 is then cross-lapped with the pendulum cross-stacker 8, and the cross-folded product constitutes a flap that collects on the conveyor 9.

The flap (see Fig. 3) has an upper face 10 section mainly formed from the web region R1, and a lower face 11 section formed mainly from the web area R2, and a central core 12 section consisting mainly of the web center R3 area.

Face and core sections 10 and 12 as well as 12 and 11 connect with each other in indistinguishable connecting zones 13 and form one whole with each other.

Figure 4 is a rear view of a device similar to that of Figure 1 (from the front) except that the corresponding channels are shown. These channels may be as described above in reference to International Patent Publication WO96 / 38391.

Thus, housing 50 is substantially oval in shape and has the shape of three cylinders that engage each other and surround the spinners 1, 3 and 2. It leads to a single, wide housing 51 that defines the sides and top of the spinning chamber. The remainder of the device may be as shown in Figure 3. Web 7 may be, for example, 2 to 6 meters (often 4 meters) wide.

Referring to Fig. 2, the chute assembly used to feed the melt to the spinners 1, 3 and 2, respectively, is shown in Fig. 2, in which the shaded area represents the melt flow.

The chute assembly includes a "T" shaped chute 20 that has a vertical portion or arm 24 leading in the forward direction to an outflow position 23 that feeds the melt to the spinner 3. It has lateral arm sections 25 and 26 extending transversely from the spinner 3. arm section 27, where the alloy 28 flows into the gutter. The side arm 25 leads to a discharge position 21 to pour the melt onto spinner 1, while the arm 26 leads to a discharge position 22 to feed the melt onto spinner 2.

Plate 29 includes arm sections 27 and defines a lowermost opening 30 through which alloy can flow along arm 24 and is rigidly attached to side arms 25 and 26 and arm 24 as a unitary rigid unit of "T" shaped assembly and chute and plate arms. 29.

The entire trough assembly is mounted on a substantially horizontal axis 31, in a fixed housing on bearings 32. The rods connect the bearings 32 by a pin 33 which is attached to a plate 29 in the bearing 34 and which is movable (so as to rotate about the axis 31) by by means of a control piston 35 which is attached to a fixed point 36. Accordingly, the extension or retraction of the control piston 35 causes the chute assembly to rotate about a horizontal axis 31.

Another control piston 37 is connected by a bearing 38 to the plate 29 and via an articulated arm 39 to the spindle 33. Extending or retracting the control piston 37 will cause the chute assembly to rotate about an axis 40 that is substantially horizontal and substantially perpendicular to axis 31.

Accordingly, by operating the control pistons 35 and 37, the relative vertical position of the open ends of arm 24 and side arms 25 and 26 can be independently adjusted, enabling

Thereby independently adjusting the melt flow rate through each of the outflow positions 21, 22 and 23.

New articles of the invention can be analyzed for differences between the core and one or both face sections, regardless of the particular techniques used to determine the properties of the core and face sections. For example, it may be determined whether or not an article has a predetermined fiber diameter difference using any known method of determining the average fiber diameter with respect to the core section and the face section, provided that the same method is applied to both sections. Likewise, any known method for determining the fiber length can be used to compare the fiber length values. Likewise, any known method for determining the shot content (greater than 63 µm) may be used to compare the shot content. Likewise, any known method can be used to compare the tensile strength values.

Likewise, any known method may be used for comparing the density values, in particular for comparing mass per unit volume.

Likewise, any known method can be used to compare the chemical composition of the fiber.

In any case, the batt to be analyzed should be sliced parallel to its face so as to provide samples representative of the face and core sections, and these samples should then be analyzed.

The following examples illustrate the invention.

In each of the following examples, the machine comprised three cascade spinners each having four side-by-side rotors and independent melt feed control, all as described above with reference to the drawings.

The mutual distances between the rotors could be changed, and the acceleration field on each rotor could be changed by changing the diameter and / or the rotational speed. The first rotor was always in the range 100 to 250 mm, the second rotor was in the 250 to 300 mm range and the third and fourth rotors were in the 250 to 400 mm range. Each of the three spinners, side by side, was fed with the main airflow and the fibers formed on the rotors were carried forward and collected in a single spinning chamber 2.5 or 4 meters wide.

The rotors and their rotational speed were selected in such a way as to create 4 different combinations of acceleration fields, defined below as modes A to D.

A km / s mode ² B km / s mode ² C km / s mode ² D km / s mode ² The first rotor 40 60 75 120 Second rotor 40 75 150 220 Third rotor 80 120 200 320 Fourth rotor 95 130 270 350

In each of the examples below, the results are listed in the table. The melt flow on the first rotor of each spinner is given in tonnes per hour. The primary air is air that exits through the slots immediately adjacent to the circumference of each rotor, and the secondary air is air that is forced into the spinner at other positions, not in the immediate vicinity of the rotors.

The slots which are adjacent to the periphery of the fourth rotor are provided with a steer having blades arranged at varying angles, as disclosed in WO92 / 06047. The values given for DE are the angle ranges extending from D to E as shown in Fig. 1 of WO092 / 06047, while the values for EF are the angles in the areas E to F as shown in Fig. 1 of the International Patent Publication WO092 / 06047, both on the fourth rotor. However, it may be beneficial to achieve the same changes on the third rotor.

The loss on ignition was determined by combustion in a known manner.

PL 191 294 B1

P r z k ł a d 1

The spinners are adjusted to the others to match the following parameters.

Jenny No.1 Jenny No.2 Jenny No.3 Stop flow 3.5 t / h 5 t / h 3.5 t / h Melt temperature 1500-1520 ° C 1500-1520 ° C 1500-1520 ° C Acceleration field Mode B Mode C Mode B Main air speed 80 m / s 120 m / s 80 m / s Main air volume 5500 m ³ / h 7500 m ³ / h 5500 m ³ / h Secondary air volume 2000 m ³ / h 5000 m ³ / h 2000 m ³ / h Stator angles DE 0-18 ° EF 18-27 ° DE 0-24 ° EF 24-42 ° DE 0-18 ° EF 18-27 ° Loss on ignition 2.2% 1.8% 2.2%

This product is a product of low density and optimal quality with good compression and insulation properties corresponding to lambda class 040 with a density of 28 kg / m ^3.

P r z k ł a d 2

The parameters in this example were selected as follows.

Jenny No.1 Jenny No.2 Jenny No.3 Stop flow 4 t / h 4 t / h 4 t / h Melt temperature 1500-1520 ° C 1500-1520 ° C 1500-1520 ° C Acceleration field A mode Mode B A mode Main air speed 100 m / s 120 m / s 100 m / s Main air volume 7500 m ³ / h 7500 m ³ / h 7500 m ³ / h Secondary air volume 4000 m ³ / h 4000 m ³ / h 4000 m ³ / h Stator angles DE 0-18 ° EF 18-27 ° DE 0-24 ° EF 24-42 ° DE 0-18 ° EF 18-27 ° Loss on ignition 4.2% 3.3% 4.2%

This product is a heavy product which resists pressure on both sides. P r z k ł a d 3

The device was adjusted as follows.

Jenny No.1 Jenny No.2 Jenny No.3 Stop flow 5 t / h 4 t / h 3 t / h Melt temperature 1500-1520 ° C 1500-1520 ° C 1500-1520 ° C Acceleration field A mode Mode B Mode B Main air speed 100 m / s 120 m / s 100 m / s Main air volume 7500 m ³ / h 7500 m ³ / h 7500 m ³ / h Secondary air volume 4000 m ³ / h 4000 m ³ / h 4000 m ³ / h Stator angles DE 0-18 ° EF 18-27 ° DE 0-24 ° EF 24-42 ° DE 0-18 ° EF 18-27 ° Loss on ignition 4.2% 3.3% 3.0%

PL 191 294 B1

This product is a heavy product, resistant to surface pressure, but has one resilient surface which can absorb irregularities in the substrate on which the product is to be placed, e.g. a roof panel. The selection of parameters results in a systematic uneven distribution of the wool in the web, which in turn causes the decomposition in the final product which has a higher density in the upper third of the product than in the rest of the product. The unsymmetrical strength in the thickness of the product is favored by a change in the amount of binder, with the maximum binder being in the upper layer (containing the maximum of fibers) and the minimum binder in the lower layer, which is elastic and made of thinner fibers.

If desired, further changes in thickness, e.g. in terms of density and strength, can be achieved by subjecting the product to known treatments.

P r z k ł a d 4

The operating parameters of the spinners were adjusted in such a way that the greatest melt flow occurs in the middle spinner and the greatest acceleration field and the amount of primary air also occur in the middle spinner.

Jenny No.1 Jenny No.2 Jenny No.3 Stop flow 2.5 t / h 7 t / h 2.5 t / h Melt temperature 1500-1520 ° C 1500-1520 ° C 1500-1520 ° C Acceleration field A mode Mode C Mode B Main air speed 80 m / s 120 m / s 80 m / s Main air volume 5500 m ³ / h 7500 m ³ / h 5500 m ³ / h Secondary air volume 3000 m ³ / h 4000 m ³ / h 3000 m ³ / h Stator angles DE 0-18 ° EF 18-27 ° DE 0-24 ° EF 24-42 ° DE 0-18 ° EF 18-27 ° Loss on ignition 1.2% 1.8% 1.2%

Patent claims

Claims (40)

A method for producing an artificial vitreous fiber batt, in which a mineral melt is centrifugally fiberized by supplying the melt to first and second centrifugal spinners placed substantially adjacent to each other, and optionally to one or more third centrifugal spinners between the first and second spinners at whereby each centrifugal spinner comprises at least one fiberising rotor mounted rotatably about a substantially horizontal axis and the or each rotor creates an acceleration field, the fibers of each spinner are entrained from each spinner around at least one fiberising rotor of each spinner by an air stream having a current field and thus generating one cloud of air entrained fibers, collecting the fibers on a permeable web-shaped conveyor having opposing first and second edge regions and a central region by sucking air from the cloud through the conveyor, the first and second spinners being form fibers which mainly form the first and second edge regions, and cross-lays the webs to form a panel, the first face section of the panel being mainly formed from the first edge area of the web and the opposite, second face section of the panel being mainly formed from the second edge area of the webs and the flap has a core section between the first and second face sections, characterized in that the centrifugal fiberising on one or more spinners is adjusted independently of the centrifugal fiberising on one or more other spinners by independent adjustment on one or different spinners each. at least two fiberising parameters, before or during the manufacture of the artificial vitreous fiber batt, changing one or more properties of the edge regions of the web or the core region of the web selected from average fiber diameter, average fiber length, shot content, wool tensile strength, density and chemical composition, the parameters being selected from the physical properties and / or chemical composition of the melt fed to the spinner, the melt feed rate to the spinner, the position of the fiberising rotor in the spinner, or at least one of the fiberising rotors in the spinner relative to the position of the melt inlet point. for a given spinner, the acceleration field or fields on a given spinner, and the current field of the given air stream or each air stream assigned to the spinner. 2. The method according to p. The process of claim 1, characterized in that it is carried out by using at least one such third centrifugal spinner interposed between the first and second spinners. 3. The method according to p. The process of claim 1 or 2, wherein each spinner is a cascade spinner with a first rotor rotating about a substantially horizontal axis and at least one further rotor rotating about a substantially horizontal axis and receiving the melt discharged from the first rotor and ejecting this melt in the form of fibers. 4. The method according to p. The process as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that an air flow is applied around each spinner, at least in part as the main air flow which flows substantially in contact with part or all of the rotor or at least one of said further rotors, and optionally also as a secondary flow. air that flows around the main air stream. 5. The method according to p. The process of claim 4, wherein the main air flow is led from a directing means which abuts the circumference of the rotor or each of the further rotors and directs the air flow substantially parallel to the rotor surface and at an angle of 5 to 60 ° thereto. 6. The method according to p. The process of claim 5, characterized in that a directing means is used on the third or each third spinner to direct the air flow at an angle which in at least some parts of the spinner is at least 20 ° and is at least 5 ° greater than the angle in the corresponding parts. one of these other spinners. 7. The method according to p. The process of claim 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the centrifugal fiberising is independently controlled by independently selecting the flow field of a given stream or each air stream assigned to one spinner relative to the flow field of a given stream or each air stream assigned to another spinner. 8. The method according to p. The process of claim 7, wherein the selection makes use of a difference of at least 5 ° in the orientation of the airflow in one spinner and the orientation of the airflow at the corresponding position in the other spinner. 9. The method according to p. The method of claim 4 or 5 or 6 or 8, characterized in that the acceleration field on the further rotor, some or all of the further rotors of one or more spinners is at least 10% greater than the acceleration field on the corresponding rotor or rotors of another spinner. 10. The method according to p. The method of claim 3, wherein the acceleration field on the distal rotor, some or all of the further rotors of one or more spinners is at least 10% greater than the acceleration field on the corresponding rotor or rotors of another spinner. 11. The method according to p. The method of claim 7, wherein the acceleration field is applied on the further rotor, some or all of the further rotors of one or more spinners at least 10% greater than the acceleration field on the corresponding rotor or rotors of another spinner. 12. The method according to p. A process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that an amount of melt fed to one spinner is at least 10% greater than the amount fed to one of the other spinners. 13. The method according to p. The process of claim 3, wherein an amount of melt is fed to one spinner is at least 10% greater than the amount fed to one of the other spinners. 14. The method according to p. The process of claim 7, wherein an amount of melt is fed to one spinner is at least 10% greater than the amount fed to one of the other spinners. 15. The method according to p. 2, or 4, or 5, or 6, or 8, or 10, or 11, characterized in that all spinners are used side by side inside a substantially oval channel. 16. The method according to p. The process of claim 3, wherein all the spinners are arranged side-by-side within a substantially oval channel. 17. The method according to p. The process of claim 7, wherein all the spinners are arranged side-by-side within a substantially oval channel. 18. The method according to p. 2 or 4, or 5, or 6, or 8, or 10, or 11, or 13 or 14, characterized in that the web is used with the fiberising properties changed by selection of the fiberising parameters in the edge region of the web and / or the core region of the web and provides a web having substantially uniform properties across its width. PL 191 294 B1 19. The method according to p. The method of claim 3, wherein the web is used with a modified fiberising properties in the edge region of the web and / or the core region of the web, and provides a web having substantially uniform properties across its width. 20. The method according to p. The method of claim 7, wherein the web is provided with a modified fiberising properties in the edge region of the web and / or the core region of the web and provides a web having substantially uniform properties across its width. 21. The method according to p. The process of claim 18, characterized in that the change in the properties in the edge region of the web or the core of the web is a change in performance, thereby obtaining a web with a substantially uniform mineral content across its width. 22. The method according to p. 2 or 4, or 5, or 6, or 8, or 10, or 11, or 13 or 14, characterized in that at least two of the fiberising parameters are changed, whereby the web edge region and / or the web core region, and the airfoil edge section and / or the airfoil core section are varied to achieve AB, AAB, ABA or ABC configuration. 23. The method according to p. The method according to claim 3, wherein at least two of the fiberising parameters are changed, whereby the web edge region and / or the web core region and the panel edge section and / or the panel core section are changed to achieve the AB, AAB, ABA or ABC configuration. . 24. The method according to p. The method of claim 7, changing at least two of the fiberising parameters such that the web edge area and / or the web core area and the panel edge section and / or the panel core section are changed to achieve the AB, AAB, ABA or ABC configuration. . 25. The method according to p. The method of claim 22, characterized in that the average fiber diameter in one of the web regions and at least one batt section is at least 10% less than the average fiber diameter in at least one of the other web regions and in at least one of the other batt sections. 26. The method according to p. The process of claim 22, characterized in that the average fiber length in at least one of the airfoil sections and at least one of the web regions is at least 10% less than the average fiber length in at least one of the other airfoil sections and at least one of the web sections. these other areas of the web. 27. The method according to p. The method of claim 22, characterized in that the shot content of at least one of the airfoil sections and at least one of the web regions is at least 10% less than the shot content of at least one of the other airfoil sections and at least one of the other web regions. . 28. The method according to p. The method of claim 22, characterized in that the chemical composition of the fibers in at least one of the airfoil sections and at least one of the web regions differs by an amount of at least 2% of one of the fiber components in at least one of the other of the airfoil sections and in at least one of the these other areas of the ribbon. 29. The method according to p. The process of claim 1, wherein each spinner is mounted independently of the other spinners. 30. An apparatus for making a batt of artificial vitreous fibers comprising first and second centrifugal spinners positioned substantially adjacent to each other, and optionally one or more third centrifugal spinners between the first and second spinners, each centrifugal spinner having at least one fiberising rotor. mounted rotatably about a substantially horizontal axis and the or each rotor produces an acceleration field, means for feeding a melt of artificial vitreous fibers to each spinner, means for entraining fibers from each spinner around at least one fiberising rotor of each spinner in an air stream having a current field, and thereby producing one cloud of air entrained fibers, a permeable ribbon-like fiber collecting conveyor having first and second opposing edge regions and a central region, and means for sucking air from the cloud through the conveyor, the spinners, the first and the second produce fibers which mainly form the first and second edge regions, respectively, and means for cross-folding the web to form a panel, the first face section of the panel being mainly formed from the first edge region of the web and the opposite, second face section of the panel being formed. mainly from the second edge region of the web, and the flap has a core section between the first and second face sections, characterized in that it has an adjusting device for independently adjusting at least two fiberising parameters on one or different spinners (1, 3, 2), before or during the manufacture of a batt of artificial vitreous fibers, these parameters being selected from the physical properties and / or chemical composition of the alloy fed to the spinner (1, 3, 2), the speed of feeding the melt to the spinner, The position of the fiberising rotor or at least one of the fiberising rotors in the spinner (1, 3, 2) in relation to the position of the melt feed point to a given spinner (1, 3, 2), the acceleration field or fields in a given spinner (1, 3) 2) and the current field of a given air stream or each air stream assigned to the spinner. 31. The device of claim 1 The apparatus of claim 30, characterized in that it has means for independently selecting the flow field of a given stream or each air stream assigned to one spinner relative to the flow area of the given stream or each air stream assigned to another spinner. The device of claim 32 31, characterized in that, as a result of this selection, the difference is at least 5 [deg.] In the orientation of the air flow in one spinner (1, 3, 2) and in the orientation of the air flow at the corresponding position in the other spinner (1, 3, 2). The device of claim 33. 30, 31 or 32, characterized in that each spinner (1, 3, 2) is mounted independently of the other spinners. 34. An integral man-made vitreous fiber panel having a first face section extending inwardly from one face, a second face section extending inwardly from the opposite face, and a core section between the first and second face sections, and these sections constitute each other. in one whole, characterized in that the fibers have at least one fiber property different in one of these sections from a fiber property in at least one of the other sections, these properties being selected from average fiber diameter, average fiber length, shot content, tensile strength, fiber density and chemical composition. 35. The batt according to claim The process of claim 34, characterized in that the average fiber diameter in one section is at least 10% smaller than the average fiber diameter in at least one of the other sections. 36. The batt according to claim The process of claim 34, characterized in that the average fiber length in one section is at least 10% less than the average fiber length in at least one of the other sections. 37. The batt according to claim The method of claim 34, characterized in that the shot content in one of the sections is at least 10% less than the shot content in at least one of the other sections. 38. The batt according to claim The method of claim 34, characterized in that the chemical composition of the fibers in one section differs in at least one component by an amount of at least 2% from the chemical composition of the fibers in one or more other sections. 39. An apparatus for producing an artificial vitreous fiber web comprising a plurality of centrifugal spinners positioned side by side and a rigid chute assembly for receiving the melt from the furnace at the take-off position and for supplying the melt to a series of discharge positions to the spinning machines, characterized by first, third and second (1, 3, 2) centrifugal spinners arranged side by side, the chute assembly being arranged to receive the melt (28) from the furnace in a receiving position and to supply the melt from the first, third and second positions (21, 23,22) to discharge to the first, third and second spinners (1, 3, 2), respectively, the chute assembly having first and second side arms (25, 26) extending in generally opposite directions transversely from the receiving position towards the first and second pouring positions, respectively, and a third arm (24) extending generally in a forward direction from the receiving position to the third pouring position, and for independent pivoting of the chute about a substantially horizontal axis that extends in the generally transverse direction and about a substantially horizontal axis that extends in a substantially forward direction, the flow rate at each of the first, second and third outflow positions being independently adjustable on the flow rate at each of the other positions. 40. The device of claim 40 39, characterized in that the gutter is substantially T-shaped, the vertical portion "T" extends forward and the gutter is rotatable about a substantially horizontal axis substantially parallel to the vertical portion "T" , and allowing independent rotation about a substantially horizontal axis substantially perpendicular to an axis that is substantially parallel to the vertical portion "T".