OA11413A - Biodegradable filter for cigarettes. - Google Patents
Biodegradable filter for cigarettes. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- OA11413A OA11413A OA1200000149A OA1200000149A OA11413A OA 11413 A OA11413 A OA 11413A OA 1200000149 A OA1200000149 A OA 1200000149A OA 1200000149 A OA1200000149 A OA 1200000149A OA 11413 A OA11413 A OA 11413A
- Authority
- OA
- OAPI
- Prior art keywords
- filter according
- binder
- filter
- woven fabric
- cellulose
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229940081735 acetylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZAMLGGRVTAXBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-bromophenyl)-3-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonylamino]propanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NC(CC(O)=O)C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 ZAMLGGRVTAXBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LWZFANDGMFTDAV-BURFUSLBSA-N [(2r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LWZFANDGMFTDAV-BURFUSLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011067 sorbitan monolaureate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
- A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A filter for tobacco products, in particular cigarettes, is made of a cellulose nonwoven fabric produced by an air-laid process and spirally rolled.
Description
011413
Bio-degradable Filters for Cigarettes
The invention concerns a bio-degradable filter according5 to the preamble of Patent claim 1.
In the case of cigarettes, paper filters represent thebest solution from the ecological viewpoint. Despite thepoor success of purely paper filters, there is to be a10 reversion to these because of several material-specificproperties of paper.
The main problem of paper filters is the different natureof the taste of smoke when compared to conventional15 cellulose acetate filter cigarettes. Further problems arerepresented by the clearly different rétention, andclearly inferior hardness with same rétention and acoarse pore structure of the filter section surface whencompared with cellulose acetate filters. 20
These problems lead to the smoker rejecting cigaretteswith paper filters on taste, Visual and haptic grounds.
The main cause of this can be seen in the different form 25 of materials. The paper lies in the form of non-wovenfabric or leaf, while cellulose acetate is in the form offibre. Ail differing treatment processes e.g. thediffering strength of crimping or pleating of the nonwoven fabric of paper, so as to achieve the visual and 30 haptic properties of cellulose acetate, hâve failed. Thushitherto no process is known for changing paper in itsChemical rétention so as to correspond to acetate. As aconséquence of the unresolved problem, cigarettes todayare composed of a double filter, containing one paper and 35 one cellulose segment. 2 011413
This form of embodiment is cèrtainly dear because ofcomplicated production techniques and not yet idéal fromthe ecological point of view. 5 From EP 0 032 044 Bl, there is known a process for theproduction of a fibre web with loosely packed fibres,whereby the dry threads are brought up in an air streamto a sifter on a conveyer. The fibres are subjected inpassing to a shaping head and on their emergence are not 10 subjected to any cross current forces, so that anessentially uniform basic weight is maintained in thetransverse direction of the fibre web. Thus fibre beddingcan be produced with surface weights of more than 70g/m2'This familiar process is called "Air-laid". Because of 15 the fluffiness of the cotton-wool-like material, it isnot possible to produce a cigarette filter, however.
The EP-A-0 711 512 discloses a cigarette filter thatconsists mainly of cellulose ester. Here, the filter 20 material, and thus the cellulose ester can also containother substances that are described as secondary orsecond rank components. Amongst these other substancesthat can be additionally présent, there belongs interalia natural cellulose. 25
It is the task of the invention to develop a singlefilter that is clearly more bio-degradable than celluloseacetate and also maintains indistinguishably the tasteimpression, the appearance, the hardness and the 30 rétention property of cellulose acetate for the consumer.
For the solution of this problem, there serve thecharacteristics of claim 1. 35 Surprisingly, it has been shown that a paper which wasmanufactured using a so-called air-laid process and 011413 further processed to a filter in the manner according tothe invention achieves the set object.
In the air-laid process, the prepared cellulose fibres5 are not suspended in water as in the standard papermanufacturing process, passed for sheet forming to apermeable sieve on which the cellulose fibres,conditioned by their beating and fibrillation, cross-linkwith each other mechanically, but are' passed maximally 10 separated into a stream of air that transports them ontoa permeable continuous sieve and stacks them randomly onthe latter. This yields an almost cottonwool-likevoluminous fleece which thus does not demonstrate anymechanical strength or fibre linkage. A mechanical bond 15 and thus the necessary mechanical strength which isrequired for further processing is obtained by adding abinder such as, e.g., polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polymer starch, dextrin or latex in a stream ofair. The degree of the density (g/cm3) and thus of the 20 voluminosity or thickness is set by subséquentcalendering. The area weight (g/m2) is controlled via thesieve velocity or the introduction of fibre into thestream of air. 25 The invention is explained in the following withreference to an embodiment; there are shown: 30
Figure 1 a fibre web manufactured according to the air-laid process with cutting Unes running inlongtitudinal direction;
Figure 2 35 Figure 3 the indicated manner of folding of the airfibre web strips; the spiral winding of the fibre web strips ofFigure 2. 011413
Figure 1 shows a fibre web 10 manufacturée! using the air-laid process with a unit weight of approximately 40-50g/cm2 that is eut into a number of n fibre web strips5 beginning from a line A-A, with n = 5 for the embodimentshown. It is pointed out, however, that n can also beanother number, 4 or 6 for example, n = 4 being apreferred number which cannot however be portrayed wellin graphical terms in the spiral arrangement according to10 Figure 3.
The five fibre web strips 1-5 which are obtained bylengthwise cuts in the fibre web 10 of Figure 2, are,according to the invention, first folded in a V-shape by15 a suitable device, such as is shown in Figure 2. The freeends of the fibre web strips 1-5 folded in a V shape arethen laid against each other, and the strips broughttogether by a suitable device so that the apices 14 ofthe fibre web strips folded in a V-shape are arranged in20 the région around the central axis of the cigarettefilter to be manufactured, and, lying against each otherin a spiral, are thus twisted into a cylindrical casingas is shown schematically in cross-section in Figure 3.In reality, due to an initial compression, the individual25 fibre web strips 1-5 lie so tightly pressed togetherafter the spiral winding according to Figure 3 that theimpression is thereby created of a homogenous, closedfilter that looks like the mouth-side end of a celluloseacetate filter. In other words, because of the "fleecy30 softness" of the material, it is no longer possible torecognise that only a few layers of fibre web strips arethus twisted together in a spiral as is shown in Figure 3. 35 The wrapped fibre web strips 1-5 wound according toFigure 3 are held together in the usual way by a filter 5 011413 covering paper 12 so that the paper filter according tothe invention has the appearance of a cellulose acetatefilter once it is completed. 5 Examples :
The cigarette samples listed in the following table weremade up and compared with one another: ο
American Blend with 50%ET* 59 mm | 25 mm | O CO « t" .x o •H Λ 4-) d ο •H g g(0 \ Br-l CD P I—1 •H O · < r- .-i 145 co Ch | 3.7 | 0.41 o co CO CM co ω Acetate 2.1 y/36000 SSC 140 105 (3.8 | o 'y O 67.3 o co Û American Blend with 30%ET* 59 mm | 25 mm | 7.80 mm Airlaid 50 g/m2 0.8 mm thick 120 m co | 7.1 | 0.66 51.5 CO co υ Acetate 3.0 y/35000 HC 123 LO CO I-1 r- 0.64 51.2 o DQ Lend 63 mm 1 T“l CM 7.80 mm o •H Λ -P tu•H S r-l en U co -H o · < m o 110 m lD [12.9 | 0.85 36.1 co 1—1 < American Bi Acetate 3.0 y/35000 HC 107 co LO 12.7 | 0.87 35.4 co Cigarette Blend I Strand length 1 | Filter length | Cigarette-0 Filter material Filter weight (mg) Filter drawrésistance offilter (mm WC) | Tar (mg/cig.) | Nicotine(mg/cig.) Filter rétention (%) Filter ventilation (%) ο ο υ te Ό Ο
-U Ό Φ Ό
C ίθ Ρ-
X φ
II Η ω 7 011413
The following spécifications were used as filtermaterials:
Acetate 3.0 y/35000 HC with 7 % triacetine admissionAcetate 2.1 y/36000 SSC with 7 % triacetine admission 5 Air-laid B+D 48 g/m/, latex binder and approx. 0.8 mmthickness E 70 g/m', latex binder and approx. 1.1 mm thickness
In this, HC stands for' high crimp and SSC for super-10 strong crimp.
Resuit :
The analytically and physically determined data wereproduced according to currently valid DIN/ISO provisions,and show no différences within the framework of15 measurement accuracies. The taste évaluation was carriedout by 15 trained smokers, and did not lead tosignificant différences in the pair comparisons.
The biodégradation of the cigarette filter materialaccording to the invention takes place within a time span20 comparable to (cigarette) cellulose filter materialcustomary in the trade. This means a clear improvementcompared with cellulose acetate. The évaluation ofbiodegradability takes place according to the "Sturmtest" customary in the industry which is described by R. 25 N. Sturm in J. Americ. Oil Chemists' Soc. 50 (1973) May, pp. 159-167 in the article "Biodegradability of nonionicsurfactants: screening test for predicting rate and ultimate biodégradation".
Claims (13)
- 8 011413 Patent Clairns1. Filter for tobacco goods, in particular cigarettes,characterized in that this is produced front an Air-Laidprocess produced front cellulose non-woven fabric.
- 2. Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the 5 surface weight of the cellulose non woven fabric lies between 20 and 100 g/m2.
- 3. Filter acording to claim 2, characterized in that the surface between weight of the cellulose40 and 70 g/m2. non woven fabric lies 10 4. Filter according to daims 1-3, characterized in that the thickness of the cellulose non woven fabric lies between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.
- 5. Filter according to claim 4, characterized in that thethickness of the cellulose non woven fabric lies 15 between 0.7 and 1.2 mm.
- 6. Filter according to daims 1 to 5, characterized inthat 5 to 30% binders are added to the cellulose nonwoven fabric.
- 7. Filter according to the claim 6, characterized in thatthe cellulose non woven fabric contains 20% binder.
- 8. Filter according to claim 6 or 7, characterized inthat the binder is latex. 9 011413
- 9. Filter according to claim 6 or 7, characterized inthat the binder is polyvinyl alcohol.
- 10. Filter according to claim 6 or 7, characterized inthat the binder is polyvinyl acetate.
- 11. Filter according to claim 6 or 7,· characterized in that the binder is a copolymer of vinyl acetate andethylene.
- 12. Filter according to claim 6 or 7, characterized inthat the binder is of water-soluble strength.
- 13. Filter according to claim 12, characterized in that the binder is of a water-soluble polymer strength.
- 14. Filter according to claim 13, characterized in thatthe binder is dextrin.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19753195A DE19753195A1 (en) | 1997-11-21 | 1997-11-21 | Biologically decomposable filter for cigarettes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| OA11413A true OA11413A (en) | 2004-04-20 |
Family
ID=7850358
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| OA1200000149A OA11413A (en) | 1997-11-21 | 2000-05-19 | Biodegradable filter for cigarettes. |
Country Status (25)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1032282B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001523478A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20010015833A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1287697C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE243949T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2152599A (en) |
| BG (1) | BG64687B1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ297655B6 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19753195A1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA001848B1 (en) |
| EE (1) | EE200000269A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2201570T3 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1033247A1 (en) |
| HR (1) | HRP20000417B1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU224871B1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20002553L (en) |
| OA (1) | OA11413A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL187199B1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT1032282E (en) |
| SK (1) | SK284074B6 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR200001450T2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW575405B (en) |
| UA (1) | UA70934C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999026496A2 (en) |
| YU (1) | YU49401B (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HUP0203227A3 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 2003-02-28 | Reemtsma H F & Ph | Smokable product |
| DE10115120A1 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-02 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Method and appliance for producing filters comprise two cutters, two rollers, bobbin, two guides with openings for strips |
| DE102004042809A1 (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-03-23 | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh | Process for producing filters for tobacco products |
| US7479098B2 (en) | 2005-09-23 | 2009-01-20 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Equipment for insertion of objects into smoking articles |
| DE102009016148A1 (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2010-10-14 | Mcairlaid's Vliesstoffe Gmbh & Co. Kg | Filter material for cleaning air and gases |
| CN101919592B (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2012-05-23 | 佳木斯合成实业有限责任公司 | Wooden fiber paper adhesive-applied filter rod for cigarettes and preparation method thereof |
| US20110180084A1 (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2011-07-28 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Apparatus and associated method for forming a filter component of a smoking article |
| US10064429B2 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2018-09-04 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Mixed fiber product for use in the manufacture of cigarette filter elements and related methods, systems, and apparatuses |
| EP2712510B1 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2016-03-02 | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | Smoking article |
| DE102016105235B4 (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2019-02-14 | Delfortgroup Ag | Improved filter paper for cigarette filters, its manufacture and filter cigarette |
| KR101976325B1 (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2019-05-07 | 주식회사 케이티앤지 | Cigarette filter reducing smoke constituent, cigarette, and manufacturing method thereof |
| DE102022102066A1 (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-08-03 | Delfortgroup Ag | SMOKING ARTICLE SEGMENT WITH CALENDED FIBRE WEB |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1562134A (en) * | 1976-10-06 | 1980-03-05 | Celanese Corp | Filter material |
| AU537637B2 (en) | 1979-12-21 | 1984-07-05 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Dry laid weds |
| US4375448A (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1983-03-01 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Method of forming a web of air-laid dry fibers |
| JPS59174670A (en) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-10-03 | Daihachi Kagaku Kogyosho:Kk | Binder for cellulose acetate fiber |
| US4813948A (en) * | 1987-09-01 | 1989-03-21 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microwebs and nonwoven materials containing microwebs |
| JP3420359B2 (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 2003-06-23 | ダイセル化学工業株式会社 | Filter material for tobacco smoke, fibrous cellulose ester and method for producing the same |
| DE19609143C1 (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 1997-11-13 | Rhodia Ag Rhone Poulenc | Melt-blown fleece, process for its production and its uses |
-
1997
- 1997-11-21 DE DE19753195A patent/DE19753195A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1998
- 1998-11-10 TR TR2000/01450T patent/TR200001450T2/en unknown
- 1998-11-10 AT AT98965660T patent/ATE243949T1/en active
- 1998-11-10 JP JP2000521713A patent/JP2001523478A/en active Pending
- 1998-11-10 PT PT98965660T patent/PT1032282E/en unknown
- 1998-11-10 SK SK741-2000A patent/SK284074B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-11-10 EP EP98965660A patent/EP1032282B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-11-10 CZ CZ20001828A patent/CZ297655B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-11-10 UA UA2000063572A patent/UA70934C2/en unknown
- 1998-11-10 WO PCT/EP1998/007121 patent/WO1999026496A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-11-10 PL PL98341089A patent/PL187199B1/en unknown
- 1998-11-10 ES ES98965660T patent/ES2201570T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-11-10 AU AU21525/99A patent/AU2152599A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-11-10 YU YU30800A patent/YU49401B/en unknown
- 1998-11-10 HU HU0004346A patent/HU224871B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-11-10 KR KR1020007005576A patent/KR20010015833A/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-11-10 DE DE59808927T patent/DE59808927D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-11-10 CN CNB988113759A patent/CN1287697C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-10 EE EEP200000269A patent/EE200000269A/en unknown
- 1998-11-10 EA EA200000550A patent/EA001848B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-11-20 TW TW87119276A patent/TW575405B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-05-18 NO NO20002553A patent/NO20002553L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-05-19 OA OA1200000149A patent/OA11413A/en unknown
- 2000-06-20 BG BG104548A patent/BG64687B1/en unknown
- 2000-06-21 HR HR20000417A patent/HRP20000417B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-06-11 HK HK01103982A patent/HK1033247A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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