NZ781101B2 - Apparatus and method for spray drying - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for spray drying Download PDF

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Publication number
NZ781101B2
NZ781101B2 NZ781101A NZ78110116A NZ781101B2 NZ 781101 B2 NZ781101 B2 NZ 781101B2 NZ 781101 A NZ781101 A NZ 781101A NZ 78110116 A NZ78110116 A NZ 78110116A NZ 781101 B2 NZ781101 B2 NZ 781101B2
Authority
NZ
New Zealand
Prior art keywords
gas
powder
drying
filter element
chamber
Prior art date
Application number
NZ781101A
Other versions
NZ781101A (en
Inventor
Thomas E Ackerman
Christopher W Barnes
Adam Bright
David C Huffman
Scott J Kocsis
Kristopher E Roskos
Brian K Smith
Peter Glenn R St
Joseph P Szczap
Michel R Thenin
Original Assignee
Spraying Systems Co
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Spraying Systems Co filed Critical Spraying Systems Co
Priority claimed from NZ742022A external-priority patent/NZ742022A/en
Publication of NZ781101A publication Critical patent/NZ781101A/en
Publication of NZ781101B2 publication Critical patent/NZ781101B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/16—Evaporating by spraying
    • B01D1/18—Evaporating by spraying to obtain dry solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2267/00—Multiple filter elements specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2267/30—Same type of filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2267/00—Multiple filter elements specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2267/60—Vertical arrangement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0002—Casings; Housings; Frame constructions
    • B01D46/0005—Mounting of filtering elements within casings, housings or frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2411—Filter cartridges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D46/58—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in parallel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
    • B01D46/71—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter with pressurised gas, e.g. pulsed air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
    • B01J2/04—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a gaseous medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/16—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/005—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means the high voltage supplied to an electrostatic spraying apparatus being adjustable during spraying operation, e.g. for modifying spray width, droplet size
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/03—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by the use of gas, e.g. electrostatically assisted pneumatic spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/043—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns using induction-charging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
    • B05B7/066—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet with an inner liquid outlet surrounded by at least one annular gas outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
    • B05B7/066—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet with an inner liquid outlet surrounded by at least one annular gas outlet
    • B05B7/067—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet with an inner liquid outlet surrounded by at least one annular gas outlet the liquid outlet being annular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/08—Humidity
    • F26B21/086—Humidity by condensing the moisture in the drying medium, which may be recycled, e.g. using a heat pump cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/10—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour carrying the materials or objects to be dried with it
    • F26B3/12—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour carrying the materials or objects to be dried with it in the form of a spray, i.e. sprayed or dispersed emulsions or suspensions

Abstract

electrostatic spray dryer for drying liquid into powder including an elongated body defining a drying chamber, a spray nozzle assembly at one end of the drying chamber and a filter element housing and powder collection chamber at an opposite end. A non-structural non-metallic liner is disposed within the elongated body in spaced relation to an inner wall surface for defining an internal drying zone. The liner is releasably supported within the body for enabling selective removal and replacement following a particular usage. The illustrated elongated body has a modular construction comprising a plurality of modules, with at least one being selectively removable and replacement for altering the length of the drying chamber for a particular spray application. The liner also is replaceable with a liner of a length corresponding to the altered length of the drying chamber or with a different diameter for a particular usage.

Claims (19)

Claims:
1. A spray dryer for drying liquid into powder comprising: an elongated body supported in upright position; an upper end closure arrangement and a lower end closure arrangement at opposite upper and lower ends of the elongated body, respectively for forming a drying chamber within said elongated body; a spray nozzle assembly supported in said upper end closure arrangement; said spray nozzle assembly including a nozzle body having a liquid inlet for coupling to a supply of liquid and a discharge spray tip assembly at a downstream end for directing liquid to be dried into said drying chamber; said upper end closure arrangement having a drying gas inlet for introducing drying gas into said drying chamber for drying liquid directed into the drying chamber into powder; said lower end closure arrangement including a filter element housing communicating with a bottom powder collection chamber disposed below said filter element housing that collects dried powder from said drying chamber; a dried powder directing plenum for directing powder from said drying chamber to said powder collection chamber; an exhaust gas chamber disposed between said drying chamber and said filter element housing having an exhaust gas outlet; a plurality of cylindrical filter elements supported in depending position from a bottom wall of said exhaust chamber; said cylindrical filter elements each being closed at a bottom end and having an opposite open upper end communicating with said exhaust chamber such that drying gas exiting the powder collection chamber passes through a cylindrical side of the filter element which restrains gas borne powder with drying gas which then proceeds out the open upper end into and through said exhaust chamber and exhaust gas outlet; and said filter elements each have a respective reverse gas pulse directing device cyclically operable for directing pulses of pressurized gas into an interior of the cylindrical filter element for removing the buildup of powder on an outside cylindrical surface thereof.
2. The spray dryer of claim 1 including a recirculation conduit coupled between said exhaust gas outlet and the drying gas inlet for reintroducing drying gas into the drying chamber.
3. The spray dryer of claim 1 or 2 in which said filter elements each are part of a respective filter cartridge comprising a sealing plate closing a lower end of the filter element and an support plate at an upper end, a connecting member coupled between the sealing plate and support plate, and said support plate having a central opening communicating between the upper open axial end of the cylindrical filter element and the exhaust chamber.
4. The spray drying system of any one of the preceding claims in which said filter element housing includes an outer cylindrical housing wall, and said powder directing plenum including an inner cylindrical shroud surrounding said filter elements, said inner cylindrical shroud and outer filter element cylindrical housing wall defining an annular drying gas passageway communicating between said drying chamber and said powder collection chamber.
5. The spray dryer of claim 4 in which said filter element shroud has an open lower end overlying a central area of the powder collection chamber.
6. The spray dryer of claim 4 or 5 in which said powder directing plenum includes a downwardly and outwardly opening conical exhaust plenum supported above said inner cylindrical shroud, and an outer surface of said conical exhaust plenum guides drying gas and powder from said drying chamber into the annular passageway between said cylindrical shroud and outer housing wall of the filter element housing.
7. The spray dryer of any one of the preceding claims in which the said bottom wall of said exhaust chamber is a circular plate formed with a plurality of circular openings from which said filter elements are supported in depending relation.
8. The spray dryer of any one of claims 1 to 3 in which said powder directing plenum includes a downwardly and outwardly opening conical gas direction plenum between an underside of said drying chamber and said filter element housing, said filter element housing having an outer cylindrical housing wall and an inner cylindrical shroud surrounding said filter elements, and said outer cylindrical wall and inner cylindrical shroud defining an annular drying gas and powder passage communicating between said downwardly and outwardly opening conical gas direction plenum and said powder collection chamber.
9. The spray dryer of claim 8 in which said exhaust gas outlet communicates through a side of said downwardly and outwardly opening conical gas directing plenum, and an upper outer side of said downwardly and outwardly opening conical gas directing plenum being effective for directing drying gas and powder from said drying chamber into said annular passage for direction into the powder collection chamber.
10. The spray dryer of any one of claims 1 to 7 in which powder directing plenum includes a powder direction cone between an underside of said filter element housing and said powder collection chamber for directing powder from said filter housing into the powder collection chamber.
11. The spray dryer of any one of the preceding claims in which said powder collection chamber includes a valve that is operable between an open position for permitting the direction of powder from said filter element housing into said powder collection chamber and a closed position which interrupts the flow of powder into the collection chamber for enabling removal of powder from the collection chamber.
12. The spray dryer of any one of the preceding claims in which said spray nozzle assembly is an electrostatic spray nozzle assembly having an electrode for coupling to an electrical source for electrically charging liquid passing through the spray nozzle assembly for discharge from said discharge spray assembly into said drying zone, and said nozzle body has an atomizing gas inlet for coupling to a pressurized gas supply for directing pressurized atomizing air through said nozzle body for atomizing electrostatically charged liquid discharging from the discharge spray tip assembly.
13. The spray dryer of any one of the preceding claims in which each said reverse gas pulse directing device includes an gas directing tube having a discharge end centered above the upper open axial end of the cylindrical filter element, and said gas direction tube of each gas pulse directing device having an upstream end coupled to a respective pressurized control valve.
14. The spray dryer of claim 13 in which said control valve of each reverse gas pulse directing device has a respective gas pressure supply line coupled between the respective control valve and a common pressurized gas manifold chamber which in turn is coupleable to a pressurized gas supply.
15. The spray dryer of any one of the preceding claims in which the discharge end of each reverse gas pulse directing tube is disposed a distance of at least about two inches above the upper open axial end of the respective filter element.
16. The spray dryer of any one of claims 1 to 12 in which each said reverse gas pulse filter cleaning device having a selectively operable reverse gas pulse nozzle coupled to a pressurized gas source for directing pressurized gas into the cylindrical filter element for dislodging powder accumulated on an outside surface of the cylindrical filter element, has a plunger mounted for movement between an open position that permits the flow of drying gas through said cylindrical filter element and axially through the open axial end communicating with said exhaust chamber and a closing position that interrupts and prevents the flow of drying gas from within the collection chamber to said exhaust chamber, and said plunger being moveable from said open position to said closed position as an incident to the direction of pressurized gas through said reverse pulse nozzle for enabling pressurized gas from the reverse pulse nozzle to be directed into the cylindrical filter element and outwardly through the cylindrical sides thereof without the flow of drying gas into said exhaust chamber.
17. The spray dryer of claim 16 in which each said reverse gas pulse nozzle has a hollow construction through which pressurized gas is directed, said reverse pulse gas nozzle having a first portion disposed within said exhaust chamber and a second portion disposed within and extending substantially the length of the cylindrical filter element, and said plunger being supported for movement along said first portion of said reverse pulse nozzle.
18. The spray dryer of claim 17 in which each said reverse gas pulse nozzle first portion is formed with a plurality of apertures for permitting communication of pressurized gas from said reverse pulse nozzle and into said plunger cylinder for moving said plunger to said closing position, and said nozzle second portion being formed with a plurality of apertures smaller in size than the apertures in the first portion for permitting the flow of pressurized air from said reverse pulse nozzle into said cylindrical filter element and outwardly cylindrical sides thereof when said valve plunger is in said second position.
19. The spray dryer system of any one of the preceding claims in which said filter element housing is an elongated cylindrical body, and said filter housing and powder collection chamber are disposed below the elongated cylindrical body within a circumferential footprint corresponding to the outer perimeter of the elongated body.
NZ781101A 2016-11-03 Apparatus and method for spray drying NZ781101B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201562250318P 2015-11-03 2015-11-03
NZ742022A NZ742022A (en) 2015-11-03 2016-11-03 Apparatus and method for spray drying

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NZ781101A NZ781101A (en) 2023-11-24
NZ781101B2 true NZ781101B2 (en) 2024-02-27

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