NZ726783B2 - Method for producing a ceiling in a building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a ceiling in a building, having the following steps: a) a plate-shaped ceiling element which later remains in the structure, preferably in the form of a ceiling cladding or as a mounting for the ceiling cladding, in particular a dry building panel, is placed and/or fixed on the already completed walls; b) the plate-shaped ceiling element is supported in a closely spaced manner, optionally by means of supported horizontal bars; c) optionally, insulation and/or heating coils and/or an electric installation is placed on the plate-shaped ceiling element; d) a curable compound, for example concrete or prestressed concrete and/or a screed or heating screed or the like, is filled thereon; and e) the support elements are removed after the curable compound has been cured. The invention produces an aethestic ceiling with minimum effort. placed and/or fixed on the already completed walls; b) the plate-shaped ceiling element is supported in a closely spaced manner, optionally by means of supported horizontal bars; c) optionally, insulation and/or heating coils and/or an electric installation is placed on the plate-shaped ceiling element; d) a curable compound, for example concrete or prestressed concrete and/or a screed or heating screed or the like, is filled thereon; and e) the support elements are removed after the curable compound has been cured. The invention produces an aethestic ceiling with minimum effort.

Description

Method for producing a ceiling in a building The invention is directed to a method for producing a ceiling in a building.

Typically, when ng a ceiling in a building, firstly ting horizontal bars are laid; they are then cladded on the upper and lower side thereof, which is very intensive.

Furthermore, there is the possibility of using finished concrete plates and laying them on the already existing walls. However, the lower side thereof generally does not appear very accommodating, and therefore also has to be cladded.

A further building variant also suffers in this regard, wherein firstly thinner concrete plates are laid on the wall upper edges and are then filled up on the upper side thereof with in situ concrete. The chamfered edges of the concrete plates are also y visible here on the lower sides, and these therefore either have to be cladded or grouted.

The problem which initiates the invention, which results from the disadvantages of the described prior art, is that of refining a ceiling structure of a building such that it can be produced with the least effort and nonetheless meets extremely high tic demands.

All references, including any patents or patent applications cited or mentioned in this ication are hereby incorporated by reference. No admission is made that any reference constitutes prior art. The sion of the references states what their authors assert, and the ants reserve the right to challenge the accuracy and pertinency of the cited documents. It will be clearly understood that, although a number of prior art publications may be ed to herein; this reference does not constitute an ion that any of these documents form part of the common general knowledge in the art, in Australia, New Zealand or in any other country. 196127NZ CLEAN amd COMP SPEC 12 March 2021.DOC It is an object of the t invention to provide an improved method for producing a ceiling in a building that ameliorates some of the disadvantages and limitations of the known art or at least provide the public with a useful choice.

In a first aspect the invention s in a method for producing a ceiling in a building, having the following steps: a) a plate-shaped g element, for example, a dry building panel, is placed and/or fixed on the already completed walls; b) the plate-shaped g element is supported in a closely spaced manner, optionally by means of supported horizontal bars; c) optionally, insulation and/or heating coils and/or an electric installation is placed on the plate-shaped ceiling element; d) a curable compound, for e, concrete or prestressed te and/or a screed or heating screed or the like, is filled thereon; and e) the support elements are removed after the curable compound has been cured.

In another aspect, the invention resides in a method for producing a ceiling (1) in between adjoining walls of a building, characterized by the following steps: a) fixing a lowermost, a plate-shaped ceiling element (2), which later remains in the ure, on already completed walls (3); b) supporting the plate-shaped ceiling element (2) in a y spaced manner, by means of horizontal bars (5) supported on support elements (4); c) filling a curable compound (13), thereon, such that the curing compound (13) also extends at least partially above the adjoining walls (3); e) d) wherein the plate-shaped ceiling element (2) is penetrated by a plurality of preferably elongated anchoring parts (11), which extend upward from the g element (2) up into the curable compound (13) and are fixed n in a formfitting manner after the solidification of the curable compound (13). e) wherein the elongated ing parts (11) have the shape of screws (11), whose free shaft ends (12) point upward during the installation; 196127NZ CLEAN amd COMP SPEC 12 March 2021.DOC f) the support elements (4) are removed after the e compound (13) has been cured to form a supporting layer (10), while the elongated anchoring parts (11) remain in the building and hold the ost installed plate-shaped ceiling element (2) in position.

Preferably the plate-shaped g element (2) is aligned such that its upper side or the an upper side of an uppermost insulation (7, 9), heating coils (8), and/or electric installation located thereon is in a common alignment and/or horizontal plane with the upper sides of the adjoining walls (3). ably the plate-shaped ceiling element (2) consists of wood, or of a wooden plate, a plywood plate, a leboard plate, a laminated wood plate, a moderate density fiberboard plate, or an oriented strand board plate, but preferably a medium ss fiberboard plate or a hard fiberboard plate.

Preferably the anchoring parts (11), after the solidification of the curable compound (13), are detachably fixed therein, in particular in the form of screws, which can be by rotational movements from the compound (13) solidified to form a the supporting layer (10).

Preferably the anchoring parts (11) have a coating which prevents sticking to the cured nd (13), for example, a thinly applied oil. ably the curable compound (13) is reinforced, in particular by inlaid iron or steel mats or cages.

Preferably the curable compound (13) is also applied to the upper sides of the adjacent walls (3).

Preferably, after the removal of the support elements (4), a ceiling cladding (6) can be mounted by anchoring in the plate-shaped ceiling element (2), for example, a wooden ceiling made of profiled boards. 196127NZ CLEAN amd COMP SPEC 12 March 2021.DOC In that this ceiling structure is consequently built from bottom to top, it may be finished in a , chronological sequence of work steps. In this case, the ceiling cladding, which begins lowermost, can remain on the lower side if it is sufficiently anchored in the cured compound or is connected thereto. This may be performed, for example, in that upwardly ding screws or other fastening means are inserted into the g cladding.

An insulation and/or the respective required lation is then placed on this cladding, for example, electric cables, lights, possibly heating coils, or the like.

The actual supporting layer then follows thereon, in particular by pouring on a liquid compound made of concrete or the like.

A separate screed can be layered thereon, optionally after an insulation layer in between. Under certain circumstances, such a double layer made of concrete and screed can be omitted, for example, if an insulation layer is inlaid n the lower side of the cured compound and the lower-side cladding, in particular in the form of an XPS insulation or a comparable stable insulation.

It has proven to be ageous for the plate-shaped g element to be aligned such that its upper side or the upper side of the uppermost insulation, heating coils, and/or electric installation located thereon is in a common alignment and/or horizontal plane with the upper sides of the adjoining walls. ingly, a supporting plate formed by a curing compound applied thereon can be ted directly on the upper edges of the surrounding walls, if it is dimensioned appropriately large, i.e., such that the footprint of the supporting plate is greater than the footprint of the spanned space.

The use of wood has proven itself for the plate-shaped ceiling element, for example, in the form of a wooden plate, a d plate, a particleboard plate, a laminated wood plate, a moderatedensity fiberboard plate, or an oriented strand board plate, but preferably a medium hardness 196127NZ CLEAN amd COMP SPEC 12 March 2021.DOC fiberboard plate or a hard oard plate. Such plates can securely support a curing compound g thereon, on the one hand, until it has cured to form a plate; in addition, in the finished state of the ceiling, they form a workable lower side, which facilitates the mounting of further elements, for example, curtain rails, for which no pegs are then necessary, in contrast to a concrete g.

The invention recommends that the plate-shaped g element be penetrated by a plurality of preferably elongated anchoring parts, which extend upward from the ceiling element of into the curable compound. These anchoring parts are d in particular to still hold the plateshaped ceiling element in position after finishing of the ceiling and removal of the lower-side support elements.

The invention may be refined in that the anchoring parts have a form such that, after the fication of the curable compound, they are fixed therein in a formfitting manner, in particular in on to vertical tensile stresses. In that a compound flows around them, which engages under radially protruding regions of an anchoring parts such as a thread, an immediate form fit s.

Further advantages result in that the anchoring parts, after the solidification of the e compound, are removably fixed therein, in particular in the form of screws, which can be unscrewed by onal movements from the compound, which has solidified into a supporting layer. The advantage is that screws can be removed if needed in such a case, so that the plateshaped cover element can be removed, for example, to replace it or to obtain access to installation elements concealed behind it, for example, a ceiling heater.

The anchoring parts can have a coating which prevents sticking to the cured compound, for example, a thinly applied oil. In such a case, a screw does form its chuck in the cured compound itself, but does not stick therein, but rather can subsequently be unscrewed. The thread remains in the supporting plate and can be used at any time for screwing in the screw again.

NZ CLEAN amd COMP SPEC 12 March 2021.DOC The invention recommends reinforcing the curable compound, in ular by way of inlaid iron or steel mats or cages, so that the load capacity of a finished cured, supporting plate is sed further.

Because the curable compound is also applied to the upper sides of the adjacent walls, the supporting plate resulting after the curing thereof rests on the walls, so that g weight forces are introduced directly into the adjoining walls.

After curing of the supporting layer, the lower-side ts can be removed, and the ceiling is finished. The lower-side connecting plates are held extremely strongly on the ceiling thanks to the upwardly protruding screws thereof, which are enclosed ly in the te, but can also be removed at any time by unscrewing the screws. If this was not previously performed, after the removal of the support elements, a ceiling cladding can be d by anchoring in the plate-shaped ceiling t, for example, a wooden ceiling made of profiled boards.

Further features, details, advantages, and effects on the basis of the ion result from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention and on the basis of the drawing. The single figure thereof shows a al section through a ceiling structure according to the invention during the production thereof.

A ceiling 1 according to the invention is built by means of a plate-shaped ceiling element 2 on already existing walls 3, which support the ceiling 1 after completion of the structure.

Plates made of wood, for example, plywood plates such as veneer plywood plates, blockboard or laminboard plates or ted timber plates, also called cross-laminated timber plates; furthermore ard plates, in particular oriented strand board plates; and also fiberboard plates, for example, hard fiberboard plates or moderate-density fiberboard plates, have therefore proven lves as the plate-shaped ceiling element 2 in particular. All of these plates share the feature that the wood does not consist of a single, unprocessed raw wood layer, but rather receives completely omnidirectional properties as much as possible and 196127NZ CLEAN amd COMP SPEC 12 March 2021.DOC therefore hardly still works, as a result of a combination of many small wood elements with various fiber directions and/or as a result of a binder which connects the individual components to one another. In addition, such plates have a comparatively high mechanical stability with reasonable price at the same time.

The plate-shaped ceiling element 2 is to completely span the relevant room at least in one spatial direction if possible. For the period of time of the g mounting, it can be fixed on the walls 3, for example, by means of metal angles, which advantageously protrude upward from the plate-shaped ceiling t 2 and therefore are not visible from below.

The precise height of the ceiling element 2 is oriented, on the one hand, according to the desired room , but, on the other hand, also according to the desired ceiling structure and not least according to the height of the walls 3. This will be discussed in r detail hereafter.

To support the weight of the individual components, which are not yet joined er, during the g installation, an array of structural support elements 4 is set up between the walls 3.

Horizontally extending bars 5 rest thereon, and alternately the plate-shaped ceiling element 2 can be placed thereon and/or r cladding plates 6, for example, dry building panels such as plasterboard plates or the like, which are or will be connected to the plate-shaped ceiling t. Of course, an installation of cladding plates 6 can also be superfluous, for example, if the plate-shaped ceiling element 2 is only to be wallpapered, or can also only be performed after finishing the ceiling 1 according to the invention.

A layer 7 made of a solid insulation can be placed on top thereon, for example, a thermal insulation such as XPS. Installations can be performed in this layer 7 or thereon, for example, electric cable can be placed or g lights can be integrated. Heating pipes 8 can optionally be placed on this insulation layer 7, for example, for a ceiling heater. In the case of a g heater, heating pipes or coils 8 can be covered by a further insulation layer 9.

The actual, ting layer 10 is then produced. 196127NZ CLEAN amd COMP SPEC 12 March 2021.DOC The tion of the shaped ceiling elements 2 having the supporting layer 10 is performed by means of elongated anchoring parts, for example, in the form of screws 11, in particular wood screws, the heads of which are each enclosed in a plate-shaped ceiling element 2 on the lower side thereof or are accommodated in depressions therein. The free shaft ends 12 of these screws 11 point upward in this case during the installation, as is recognizable in the drawing.

To avoid sticking of the curing supporting layer to the elongated ing parts or screws 11, they can be provided with an anti-stick layer, for example, they can be thinly sprayed with oil.

Before the application of the actual supporting layer 10, in a next work step, rebar or other reinforcement material can be laid on the already finished ceiling substructure, optionally by means of spacers, so that the compound flows completely around the rebar and it cannot rust.

As the next step, liquid concrete or another curable compound 13 is poured onto the ceiling substructure ed up to this point and ally shaken or compacted and/or smoothed.

The further floor structure above the supporting layer 13 is oriented to the conditions of the specific case and/or the desires of the developer. An integration of a floor heater is possible, as is the placement of electric cables or other pipes and lines.

If the supporting layer 13 has been cured, the side structural supports 4 can be removed.

If this has been performed, a smooth ceiling lower side is obtained. The butt joints between the dry building panels only still have to have adhesive tapes stuck over them and therefore be closed; the lower side can then be wallpapered or ately painted.

A cladding 6 is shown below the plate-shaped ceiling element 2 in the drawing. The cladding can, of course, as in the drawing, previously be applied to the lower side of the plate-shaped ceiling t, ally also in horizontal construction, wherein the plate-shaped g element 2 thus rests with its lower side on top on the bottom 14 of the relevant room or on 196127NZ CLEAN amd COMP SPEC 12 March 2021.DOC another planar underlay, so that the profiled boards 6 can be placed on the plate-shaped ceiling element, as is typical when placing floorboards.

Of course, the ng of the ceiling 1 can also be performed only after the finishing thereof.

Finally, it is also to be noted that for static reasons, the supporting layer 10 is to be seated directly on the walls 3, so that weight forces are introduced completely into the walls 3. For this purpose, the plate-shaped ceiling elements are advantageously to be fixed at a height on the walls 3 so that the upper edge of the ceiling structure between the shaped ceiling element 2 and the supporting layer 13 corresponds as exactly as possible to the upper edge of the adjoining walls 3, so that the supporting cover plate 10, which is concreted on location, is seated with as little offset as possible directly on the walls 3. In the case of a ceiling heater or installations 8 below the supporting layer 10 or a thermal insulation 7, 9 between the haped ceiling t 2 and the supporting ceiling plate 10, the plate-shaped ceiling ts 2 are therefore to be fixed on the walls offset downward by a corresponding amount in relation to the upper edge of the walls 3.

The structure according to the invention has the advantage, inter alia, that installations of a manifold nature can be performed below the supporting cover plate 10, in particular also in the form of a g , which can be mounted with little effort and are fundamentally accessible later for maintenance and repair purposes by unscrewing the plate-shaped ceiling element 2, in contrast, for e, to a conventional floor heater, the heating coils of which are generally no longer accessible without destroying the screed.

List of reference numerals 1 ceiling 2 plate-shaped ceiling t 3 wall 4 support element 196127NZ CLEAN amd COMP SPEC 12 March 2021.DOC ntal bars 6 cladding plate 7 insulation layer 8 heating coil 9 insulation layer supporting layer 11 screw 12 free shaft end 13 curable compound 14 floor 196127NZ CLEAN amd COMP SPEC 12 March 2021.DOC Patent

Claims (8)

Claims

1. A method for producing a ceiling between adjoining walls of a building, wherein the following steps: a) fixing a lowermost, a shaped ceiling element, which later remains in the structure, on already ted walls; b) supporting the plate-shaped ceiling element in a closely spaced manner, by means of horizontal bars on support elements; c) filling a curable compound thereon, such that the curing compound also extends at least partially above the adjoining walls; d) wherein the plate-shaped ceiling element is penetrated by a plurality of preferably elongated anchoring parts, which extend upward from the ceiling element up into the curable compound and are fixed therein in a tting manner after the solidification of the curable compound . e) wherein the elongated anchoring parts have the shape of screws, whose free shaft ends point upward during the installation; f) the support elements are removed after the e compound has been cured to form a supporting layer, while the elongated anchoring parts (11) remain in the building and hold the lowermost installed plate-shaped g t in position.

2. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the plate-shaped ceiling element is aligned such that its upper side or an upper side of an uppermost insulation, heating coils, and/or electric installation located thereon is in a common ent and/or horizontal plane with the upper sides of the adjoining walls.

3. The method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the shaped ceiling element consists of wood, or of a wooden plate, a plywood plate, a particleboard plate, a laminated wood plate, a moderate density fiberboard plate, or an ed strand board plate, but a medium hardness fiberboard plate or a hard fiberboard plate. 196127NZ CLEAN amd COMP SPEC 12 March 2021.DOC

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the anchoring parts, after the solidification of the curable compound, are ably fixed therein, in particular in the form of , which is unscrewed by rotational nts from the compound solidified to form the supporting layer.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the anchoring parts have a coating which prevents sticking to the cured compound, being, a thinly applied oil.

6. The method according to any one of the ing claims, wherein the curable compound is reinforced, by inlaid iron or steel mats or cages.

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the curable compound is also applied to upper sides of the adjacent walls.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, after the removal of the support elements, a ceiling cladding can be d by anchoring in the plate-shaped ceiling element, being a wooden g made of profiled boards. 196127NZ CLEAN amd COMP SPEC 12 March 2021.DOC NZ CLEAN amd COMP SPEC 12 March 2021.DOC