NZ721987B2 - Additive mixture for addition to a building material covering mixture and composite covering system formed therefrom - Google Patents
Additive mixture for addition to a building material covering mixture and composite covering system formed therefrom Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ721987B2 NZ721987B2 NZ721987A NZ72198714A NZ721987B2 NZ 721987 B2 NZ721987 B2 NZ 721987B2 NZ 721987 A NZ721987 A NZ 721987A NZ 72198714 A NZ72198714 A NZ 72198714A NZ 721987 B2 NZ721987 B2 NZ 721987B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- surfacing
- additive mixture
- mica
- weight
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 230000000996 additive Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003563 Calcium Carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- -1 xylolite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052627 muscovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010016326 Feeling cold Diseases 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052904 quartz Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008030 superplasticizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 206010034568 Peripheral coldness Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001243925 Sia Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101700010452 1AP1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000789 Aluminium-silicon alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960005069 Calcium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 Latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KJPHTXTWFHVJIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-ethyl-2-[(6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-(2-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]-N-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)acetamide Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC)N=CC=1N(S(=O)(=O)C=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)CC(=O)N(CC)CC1=CC=CN=C1 KJPHTXTWFHVJIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J aluminum;tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000088 plastic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001429 stepping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/20—Mica; Vermiculite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/26—Carbonates
- C04B14/28—Carbonates of calcium
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- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/30—Oxides other than silica
- C04B14/305—Titanium oxide, e.g. titanates
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- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/0076—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials characterised by the grain distribution
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- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/0076—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials characterised by the grain distribution
- C04B20/008—Micro- or nanosized fillers, e.g. micronised fillers with particle size smaller than that of the hydraulic binder
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- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/0076—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials characterised by the grain distribution
- C04B20/0096—Fillers with bimodal grain size distribution
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- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0057—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics added as redispersable powders
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- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
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- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/32—Superplasticisers
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- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/44—Thickening, gelling or viscosity increasing agents
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- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/50—Defoamers, air detrainers
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- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/54—Pigments; Dyes
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/60—Flooring materials
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- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
- C04B22/10—Acids or salts thereof containing carbon in the anion
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- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
- C04B22/14—Acids or salts thereof containing sulfur in the anion, e.g. sulfides
- C04B22/142—Sulfates
- C04B22/143—Calcium-sulfate
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/04—Carboxylic acids; Salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C04B24/06—Carboxylic acids; Salts, anhydrides or esters thereof containing hydroxy groups
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2664—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid polymers, e.g. maleic anhydride copolymers
- C04B24/267—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid polymers, e.g. maleic anhydride copolymers containing polyether side chains
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B24/383—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
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- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/14—Polyepoxides
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- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/18—Polyesters; Polycarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/16—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing anhydrite, e.g. Keene's cement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0042—Powdery mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/02—Portland cement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/32—Aluminous cements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Abstract
The invention relates to an additive mixture for addition to a building material covering mixture for forming a composite covering system for the floor, wall, or facade area, which additive mixture reduces the thermal conductivity or thermal dissipation of covering systems, in particular the thermal dissipation through objects and sub-bases coated with the covering system, in such a way that walking on the sub-base provided with the covering system is no longer associated with a sensation of cold feet. This is achieved in that the additive mixture has a proportion of between 50 %wt and 95 %wt of Muscovite mica. dissipation through objects and sub-bases coated with the covering system, in such a way that walking on the sub-base provided with the covering system is no longer associated with a sensation of cold feet. This is achieved in that the additive mixture has a proportion of between 50 %wt and 95 %wt of Muscovite mica.
Description
(12) Granted patent specificaon (19) NZ (11) 721987 (13) B2
(47) Publicaon date: 2021.12.24
(54) ADDITIVE MIXTURE FOR ADDITION TO A BUILDING MATERIAL COVERING MIXTURE AND
COMPOSITE COVERING SYSTEM FORMED THEREFROM
(51) Internaonal Patent Classificaon(s):
C04B 14/20 C04B 28/04 C04B 28/06 C04B 28/16 C04B 40/00 C04B 26/14 C04B 26/16
(22) Filing date: (73) Owner(s):
2014.11.28 SYNFOLA GMBH
(23) Complete specificaon filing date: (74) Contact:
2014.11.28 AJ PARK
(30) Internaonal Priority Data: (72) Inventor(s):
CH 00025/14 2014.01.10 HAUSER, Kaspar
(86) Internaonal Applicaon No.:
(87) Internaonal Publicaon number:
WO/2015/104096
(57) Abstract:
The invenon relates to an addive mixture for addion to a building material covering mixture
for forming a composite covering system for the floor, wall, or facade area, which addive mixture
reduces the thermal conducvity or thermal dissipaon of covering systems, in parcular the
thermal dissipaon through objects and sub-bases coated with the covering system, in such a way
that walking on the sub-base provided with the covering system is no longer associated with a
sensaon of cold feet. This is achieved in that the addive mixture has a proporon of between 50
%wt and 95 %wt of Muscovite mica.
NZ 721987 B2
ADDITIVE MIXTURE FOR ADDITION TO A BUILDING MATERIAL
COVERING MIXTURE
AND COMPOSITE COVERING SYSTEM FORMED THEREFROM
Technical field
The present invention describes a mixture of additives
for addition to a mixture of surfacing materials to
form a composite surfacing system for the field of
floors, walls or facades, a composite surfacing system
for the field of floors, walls or facades formed from a
flowable or spreadable mixture of surfacing materials
as well as a method for producing a composite surfacing
system for the field of floors, walls or facades
comprising a mixture of surfacing materials and a
mixture of additives.
State of the art
Building materials for the construction industry such
as concrete mixtures, coatings and paints are available
commercially that contain an additive mixture
comprising an amount of mica usually in the form of
muscovite-mica.
Muscovite-mica has a general chemical composition of
KAl [(OH,F) |AlSi O ], crystallized in monoclinic or
2 2 3 10
trigonal crystal system, is a mineral from the mineral
class of silicates and germinates and belongs to the
phyllosilicates. Muscovite-mica is also referred to as
alumina-mica, occurs very commonly and is obtained by
mining from natural deposits.
It is known that by adding a small amount of muscovite-
mica to paints or coatings, a special visual impression
of the coating can be obtained. Since muscovite-mica is
a flaky material with a surface having a glassy or
mother-of-pearl luster and usually a grayish-white
color, so those skilled in the art have for a long time
been using the addition of small amounts to achieve
decorative effects. Known mixtures used in the
construction industry in the form of coatings include
muscovite-mica in the form of particles with a
particularly fine particle size in amounts of 0.5% by
weight to max. 1% by weight. Even such small amounts of
muscovite-mica lead to the creation of the desired
decorative effects.
It is also known that by adding extremely small amounts
of muscovite-mica to construction material mixtures,
for example in the form of concrete, a type of
reinforcement is achieved. The particles of muscovite-
mica are insoluble in water, chemically inert and have
a lamellar structure which is retained in the
production and processing of construction material
mixtures. Susceptibility to cracking of cast concrete
components can thus be greatly reduced by adding small
amounts of muscovite-mica because of its lamellar
structure. Due to the properties muscovite-mica it is
known that by adding small quantities of at most 1% by
weight to construction material mixtures, less
shrinkage can be achieved when the construction
material mixture sets up so this reduces the risk of
development of cracks.
A minimal addition of muscovite-mica, which is less
than or equal to 1% by weight of the construction
material mixture is described in the known prior art.
This small amount of muscovite-mica leads to the
desired mechanical properties and improves the setup
behavior of construction material mixtures.
Description of the Invention
The object of the present invention is to reduce the
thermal conductivity and/or dissipation of heat of
coating systems for use in the field of floors, walls
or facades, and/or to at least provide the public with
a useful choice. The dissipation of heat through
objects and substrates coated with the coating system
should be reduced by the fact that stepping on such a
substrate provided with the coating system is no longer
associated with the feeling of cold feet and therefore
a greater foot heat is achieved.
By introducing an additive mixture into a casting
composition of a known surfacing mixture and/or mixture
of additives with a dry mix of a known surfacing
material mixture, a composite surfacing system is
formed on different surfaces and substrates. After
drying and/or setup, the result is a composite
surfacing system which greatly reduces the thermal
conductivity by the object coated with this material
mainly in the direction of the normal to the surface
coated with the composite surfacing system. When a
person touches or walks on the surface of the substrate
having the composite surfacing system, the person has
less tendency to develop cold hands or feet. This
effect of a reduced dissipation of heat due to the
composite coating system is not only subjectively
perceptible but has also been measured objectively by
means of heat dissipation measurements.
The object as formulated is achieved by the fact that
an additive comprising a large amount of muscovite-mica
is added to and/or dispersed into the construction
mixture before the composite coating system sets up and
is thus formed.
This object is preferably achieved by the fact that the
additive contains muscovite-mica in an amount between
60% by weight and 95% by weight. A muscovite-mica
content of at least 5% by weight to 50% by weight
within the resulting composite surfacing system has led
to the desired results which have a measurable
influence on the dissipation of heat.
Summary of the Invention
In a first aspect, the present invention provides an
additive mixture for addition to a surfacing material
mixture performing a composite surfacing system for the
floor, wall or facade area, wherein the additive
mixture comprises an amount between 50% by weight and
95% by weight muscovite-mica and the additive mixture
is present in powdered or granular form,
wherein the amount of muscovite-mica in the additive
mixture comprises muscovite-mica with at least two
different grain sizes, comprising a first part of
particles with a fine grain size of greater than 150 µm
and less than 300 µm and a second part of a moderately
fine grain size greater than 400 µm and less than 800
µm or comprising a first part of particles with a fine
grain size of greater than 150 µm and less than 300 µm
and, a second part of particles with a moderately fine
grain size greater than 400 µm and less than 800 µm, a
third part of particles with a coarse grain size with
average particle diameters greater than or equal to 800
µm or comprising a second part of particles with a
moderately fine grain size greater than 400 µm and less
than 800 µm and a third part with particles with a
coarse grain size with average particle diameters
greater than or equal to 800 µm.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a
composite surfacing system for the field of floors,
walls or facades, formed from a flowable or spreadable
surfacing material mixture, wherein an additive mixture
according to the first aspect, comprising at least an
amount of muscovite-mica to which the surfacing
material mixture is added or into which the surfacing
material mixture is incorporated, so that an amount by
weight between 6% by weight and 50% by weight
muscovite-mica with at least two different grain sizes
is obtained in the resulting composite surfacing
systems comprising the surfacing material mixture and
the additive mixture.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a
method for producing a composite surfacing system for
the area of floors, walls or facades, comprising an
additive mixture according to the first aspect and a
surfacing material mixture, wherein the method
comprises
- mixing the surfacing material mixture with the
additive mixture or
- dispersing the additive mixture into the surfacing
material mixture after application, spreading and/or
spackling the surfacing material mixture,
wherein the additive mixture comprises at least 50% by
weight muscovite-mica so that the resulting composite
surfacing system contains between 6% by weight and 50%
by weight muscovite-mica.
In the description in this specification reference may
be made to subject matter which is not within the scope
of the appended claims. That subject matter should be
readily identifiable by a person skilled in the art and
may assist in putting into practice the invention as
defined in the appended claims.
Brief description of the drawings
The subject matter of the invention is described below,
wherein the accompanying drawings are used to
illustrate the measured thermal conduction properties
and/or heat dissipation properties achieved by
different composite surfacing systems.
Figure 1 shows a diagram of the cooling of a copper
block during the dissipation of heat plotted as a
function of time on four composite surfacing systems,
measured with the measurement method and introduced by
the EMPA Dübendorf according to the SIA 252 standard.
Figure 2 shows the measured values recorded during
cooling of a copper block with the dissipation of heat
to a test body having a composite surfacing system
comprising an industrial epoxy resin coating with an
additive mixture dispersed in it during a measurement
period of time of 30 minutes.
Description
A mineral-based additive mixture is described below,
forming a composite surfacing system when combined with
a known commercially available surfacing material
mixture.
This additive mixture is distributed under the brand
name ISOPOWDER by the present applicant in various
formulations. The respective formulation to be used and
thus the composition of the additive mixture depend on
the selected surfacing material mixture into which the
additive mixture is to be incorporated and/or
distributed.
The composite surfacing system is applied to various
surfaces of objects and thus to various substrates,
useful surfaces or industrial surfaces in the form of
floors, walls, ceilings or facades. Whereas the pure
surfacing material mixture has little or no thermal
insulation properties, the thermal conduction
properties of the resulting composite surfacing system
are greatly altered by the addition of the additive
mixture. The resulting thickness of the composite
surfacing system is in the range of a few millimeters.
Surfacing material mixtures that can be used to form
the desired composite surfacing systems on an existing
suitably prepared surface fall under SAI 252, a
registered standard of the Swiss Standards Association
in the field of construction. These surfacing material
mixtures may form composite surfacing systems in the
form of seamless industrial floor coverings after the
additive has been added. Mineral surfacings such as
hard concrete surfacings, cement-synthetic resin
surfacings, mortaring surfacings, xylolite surfacings,
magnesia surfacings or anhydrite surfacings formed from
water, gravel and an anhydrite finder may be used as
the surfacing material mixtures.
As additional surfacing material mixtures, synthetic
resin surfacings or surfacings containing plastics,
which are usually applied to the substrate in thinner
layers, may be used. The pure surfacing material
mixture and/or the surfacing material mixture combined
with the additive mixture is/are applied in at least
one operation.
With our application in thin-layer systems, the amounts
of additive mixture are between 7% by weight and 20% by
weight of the amount of surfacing material mixture from
mineral coatings and industrial polyurethane and epoxy
resin systems the amount may even be 40% by weight to
50% by weight of the amount of the surfacing material
mixture for a dispersed layer.
Dry mix
First, before applying a dry mix in powdered or
granular form comprising the surfacing material mixture
and the additive mixture can be prepared by mixing.
This dry mix can be blended to form a casting compound
by combining it with mixing water and additives to form
a casting compound, which is pourable or spreadable.
This casting compound is then applied to the substrate
in the desired layer thickness. After drying and/or
setup, additional layers, for example at least one
sealing layer may be applied.
Scattering in the casting compound
However if surfacing material mixtures in the form of
plastic or synthetic resin surfacings, for example a
polyurethane surfacing or an epoxy resin surfacing are
used, then the additive mixture may also be dispersed
into subsequently. After applying and spreading and/or
spackling the surfacing material mixture, the desired
amount of the additive mixture is dispersed into the
surfacing material mixture, so that the additive
mixture is combined with the surfacing material mixture
only after application of the surfacing material
mixture.
The casting compound, comprising the surfacing material
mixture or surfacing material mixture and additive
mixture can be applied easily and quickly in one layer
seamlessly in one operation. The resulting composite
surfacing system has a sufficiently high compressive
strength and tensile load-bearing capacity and the
dissipation of heat from the substrate, the heat
dissipation is reduced to the desired extent by the
addition of the additive mixture.
Definition of the additive
The main component of the additive mixture is
muscovite-mica, which is available in powdered or
granular form in the amount of 50% by weight to 95% by
weight in the additive mixture.
The muscovite-mica portion must be present in various
grain sizes. It has been found that when using at least
two quantities of different grain sizes, good heat
dissipation values are established with the resulting
composite surfacing system. Depending on the surfacing
material mixture used, the muscovite-mica portion must
consist of particles of a fine grain size, i.e.,
greater than 150 µm and less than 300 µm with a
moderately fine grain size greater than 400 µm and less
than 800 µm and/or a coarse grain size with particle
sizes greater than or equal to 800 µm. Good results
were achieved by using muscovite-mica MU in the form of
MU85 (average particle size >160 µm), MU450 (>630 µm)
and MU800 (>800 µm). The grain size is determined by
determining the average particle diameter in scanning
electron micrographs of a random sample of the
respective muscovite-mica.
An additive mixture containing muscovite-mica in the
form of one portion of a fine grain and one portion of
a moderately fine grain size has been found to lead to
good results.
Admixture of an additional portion of muscovite-mica
with a coarse grain size has led to good results with
the desired thermodynamic properties.
As experiments have shown, the desired thermodynamic
properties of the resulting composite surfacing systems
have been achieved with an additive mixture containing
one portion of muscovite-mica with a coarse grain size
and a moderately fine grain size and with an additive
mixture with a portion of muscovite-mica with a coarse
grain size and a fine grain size.
Due to the addition of the additive mixture comprising
muscovite-mica in high concentrations, a composite
surfacing system, which has a foot warmth similar to
that of a xylolite surfacing can be achieved. Foot
warmth here is understood to refer to a reduced thermal
conductivity, so that one’s feet do not get cold
walking on the composite surfacing system.
Due to the different formulations of the additive
mixture itself and/or the quantitative amount of the
additive mixture in the surfacing material mixture,
hard concrete floors, anhydrite, PU, epoxy resin
surfacings and other surfacings having the desired foot
warmth can now also be achieved.
At the same time the altered surfacing material
mixtures due to the large amount of muscovite-mica must
be adapted again with the following components in order
to restore such properties as the flow, processability
and binder content, separation, etc. Therefore it is
important for each commercially available surfacing
material mixture to be mixed with an adjusted
formulation of the ISOPOWDER additive mixture and an
adjusted quantity ratio to achieve the desired foot
warmth and at the same time to also conform to the
processing standards and installation standards for the
entire composite surfacing system.
Optional components
To obtain and/or restore the processing properties and
the mechanical strength of the surfacing material
mixture which is combined with the additive mixture,
various additives are mixed into the additive mixture.
At least one flow optimizer, also known as a
superplasticizer, a stabilizer to prevent separation,
at least one binder, for example a portland cement, a
filler and binder, for example calcium carbonate, a
fire prevention component, a coating stabilizer and/or
a white pigment is added as an additive to the additive
mixture. Depending on the desired additive mixture
which is coordinated with the surfacing material
mixture, different concentrations of the additive will
be selected, so that the result is different
formulations of the additive mixture.
The flow optimizer used was Melflux® 2651 F, partially
also in an overdose to ensure the flow of a coating or
a flow mortar. In the case of hard concrete coatings,
the uniform distribution of sand, cement, ISOPOWDER,
etc. is thereby improved and processability is
simplified.
Starvis 3003 F was added to the additive mixture as a
stabilizer to control the separation if the water
content becomes too high // when. This product was also
overdosed in some cases because the main component, the
muscovite-mica of the additive mixture, is highly
absorbent and behaves like a water storage mechanism.
However this property is also very effective because in
the case of hard concrete surfacings in particular, a
gradual release of moisture counteracts the development
of cracks.
White portland cement (EN 197-1 - CEM I 52.5 N (sw))
was used as the binder, especially in cement-based
mineral coatings having a very high purity, so that the
binder component missing due to the large amount of
ISOPOWDER added is then itself added.
Use of portland cement CEM I 42.5 R was also tested as
a binder and used for hard concrete surfacings and
coating products that do not require a white cement
content from the standpoint of quality. This also
replaces the binder content omitted due to the large
amount of ISOPOWDER added.
Minema 60/10, a calcium carbonate, was used as the
filler and binder, which is used in the mineral
coatings with which we are familiar or is compatible
with other coatings and must be added as a supplement
due to the large amount of ISOPOWDER added in order to
compensate for the suction behavior (respiratory
activity) as well as the degree of hardness. It also
serves as a filler which is in some cases used in very
small amounts, especially in mineral coatings.
APYRAL 24 which minimizes the flammability of the
composite surfacing system was used as the fire
prevention component in the experiments. APYRAL 24
restores the required compensation, so that the
corresponding products such as STO Creative Mineral do
not lose the fire class certification although the
additive mixture is not flammable.
Quartz SIHELCO 35 which is a very pure and high-quality
quartz, was used as the coating stabilizer which was
selected because it is compatible and can be used in
various mineral coatings and flow mortars. Thus at a
dose of 5% to 20%, balance can be achieved with just
one type of quartz in order to achieve the desired
results in terms of processing, optics and strength of
the composite surfacing system.
Titanium dioxide (Pretiox) was used as the white
pigment.
Additive in possible concentrations
The mica-muscovite portion of the additive mixture was
present in amounts between the minimal value A in
weight percent and the maximum value B in weight
percent of the total composition of the additive
mixture in the experiments.
% by % by Component
weight weight
90 MICA-MU 800 (mica coarse)
90 MICA-MU 450 (mica moderately fine)
50 MICA-MU 85 (mica fine)
The additives used were used in amounts between A and B
according to the following table relative to the total
mass of the additive mixture, with which good results
were achieved.
% by % by Component
weight weight
Flow optimizer:
0.05 3 Melflux® 2651 (superplasticizer)
Stabilizer against separation:
0.05 0.3 Starvis 3003 F
Binder:
6 30 White portland cement EN 197-1 - CEM
I 52.5 N (sw)
Binder:
6 30 Portland cement (CEM I 42.5 R)
Fire prevention component:
4.00 15.00 APYRAL 24
Coating stabilizer:
20 Quartz SIHELCO 35
White pigment:
0.5 4 Pretiox titanium dioxide
Filler and binder:
2 10 Minema 60/10 calcium carbonate
Formulation example 1
To prepare the first composite surfacing system, a
self-running spackling compound from BASF with the
following composition was used as the surfacing
material mixture:
% by Component
weight
18.5 Ordinary portland cement (CEM I
42.5 R)
11.5 Calcium aluminate cement (40% Al O )
6.5 Calcium sulphate (synthetic
anhydrite)
41.35 Quartz sand (0.1-0.3 mm)
19.4 Limestone powder (10-20 µm)
2 Redispersible latex powder
0.2 Citric acid various
0.1 Lithium carbonate (accelerator)
0.2 Melflux® 2651 F (superplasticizer)
0.1 Starvis® 3003 F (stabilizer)
0.15 Vinapor® DF 9010 F (defoamer
powder)
This surfacing material mixture was combined with an
additive mixture in the following composition:
% by weight Component
0.26 Melflux® 2651 (superplasticizer) for
optimizing flow
0.14 Starvis 3003 F stabilizer against
separation
16 Portland cement (CEM I 42.5 R)
48 MICA-MU 450 (mica medium fine)
.6 MICA-MU 85 (mica fine)
The additive mixture here contains muscovite-mica in
two different grain sizes.
This first composite system was prepared in two
embodiments wherein 10% by weight (800 g surfacing
material mixture, 80 g additive mixture 2', 193.6 g
water) was used in a first test I) and in a second test
II) 15% by weight (800 g surfacing material mixture,
120 g additive mixture, 202.4 g water) additive mixture
was combined with the surfacing material mixture as a
mineral surfacing (BASF mixture) and additional mixing
water was added. The resulting flow properties, the
optics and the thermal conduction properties of the
composite surfacing system were as desired.
Formulation example 2
An additive mixture with the following composition was
added to a second mineral surfacing material mixture
which is distributed under the brand name "Sto Creative
Material":
% by weight Component
0.16 Melflux® 2651 (superplasticizer) for
optimizing flow
0.14 Starvis 3003 F stabilizer against
separation
12.00 White portland cement EN 197-1 - CEM I
52.5 N (sw)
Binder
.00 MICA-MU 800 (mica coarse)
45.00 MICA-MU 450 (mica medium)
18.00 MICA-MU 85 (mica fine)
2.00 Pretiox titanium dioxide for better
optics
.70 APYRAL 24 to minimize flammability
7.00 Quartz SIHELCO 35 for stabilization of
the coating
The amount of muscovite-mica here has three different
grain sizes.
A total of 3 kg of the additive was combined with 15 kg
of the "Sto Creative Mineral" surfacing material
mixture and mixed with additional mixing water. The
amount of the additive mixture was therefore 20% of the
weight of the surfacing material mixture so that the
mixing ratio corresponded to one part additive mixture
to five parts surfacing material mixture.
Formulation example 3
An additive mixture according to the following
composition was added to a surfacing material mixture
in the form of an industrial hard concrete coating:
% by Component
weight
0.1 Starvis 3003 F stabilizer against
separation
.0 Portland cement (CEM I 42.5 R)
49.90 MICA-MU 800 (mica coarse)
.0 MICA-MU 450 (mica moderate)
.0 MICA-MU 85 (mica fine)
Here again the additive mixture is used in three
different grain sizes.
Thermodynamically tested experimental series
Various composite surfacing systems were applied to a
square concrete block with a side length of 400 mm and
a thickness of 120 mm. Before performing the heat
dissipation measurements, the composite surfacing
systems were fully hardened and dry. Two test bodies
(P1, P2) were each provided with an identical composite
surfacing system. Before performing the heat
dissipation measurements, the test bodies were each
stored for 48 hours at a constant temperature of 20°C.
The heat dissipation was determined on the two test
bodies under identical conditions, each in two passes
and an average value of the measured dissipation of
heat by the two test bodies was determined. Since two
test measurements were performed per test body, average
values were obtained from four measurements 1AP1, 1AP2,
1BP1, 1BP2.
To measure the dissipation of heat and thus the thermal
conduction perpendicularly through the test body with a
composite surfacing system applied to the surface, a
cylindrical copper block having a diameter of 120 mm
and a contact surface of 113 cm on the front end and
preheated to 52°C was used. The cylindrical copper
block was thermally insulated along the circumferential
surface and on the end surface facing away from the
test body. In this way it was possible for thermal
energy to be transferred and/or conducted from the
copper block only through the end contact surface with
which the copper block was placed on the composite
surfacing system of the test body. The temperature loss
was determined within 30 minutes after placing the
copper block on the test body.
In order to minimize the error due to the release of
heat by the copper block to the environment, a control
measurement was also performed. In doing so the copper
block was heated from 20°C to 50°C, then placed on a
100-mm thick insulation plate made of polystyrene, and
the temperature loss by the copper block within 30
minutes was measured. In this measurement the thermal
energy cannot migrate through the end contact surface
because the insulation plate is heated to 50°C.
Therefore the heat loss here through the other walls is
determined by determining the heat block temperature
loss. The heat block loss measured at certain times was
subtracted from the average value of the temperature
measurements on cooling of the test bodies so that
corrected temperature average values (corrected
average) of the four measurements on each of the
respective two test bodies were obtained as the result.
Test bodies 1A/1B
The dissipation of heat by a first test body 1A and a
second test body 1B comprising a composite surfacing
system having a layer thickness of 40 mm on the surface
of the test body was measured twice each. The composite
surfacing system included a surfacing material mixture
in the form of an industrial hard concrete surfacing
(411 kg) and an additive mixture (30 kg) that was
incorporated as well as additional additives. The
quantitative amount of the additive mixture was
approximately 7% of the mass of the surfacing material
mixture in the form of the industrial hard concrete
surfacing. The surfacing material mixture and the
additive mixture that was incorporated were used in the
form of a dry mix which was combined with mixing water
and additives. The measured, averaged and corrected
average values are listed in Table 1.
Table 1
Heating Average Heat
Temperature loss block cor- dissi-
min 1A P1 1A P2 1B P1 1B P2 Average loss rected pation
[K] [K] [K] [K] [K] [K] [K] [kJ]
1 0.3 1.1 1.8 2.0 1.30 0.05 1.25 3.75
2 0.6 1.3 2.1 2.5 1.63 0.10 1.52 4.57
1.1 1.8 2.7 3.6 2.30 0.26 2.04 6.13
7 1.5 2.1 3.1 4.1 2.70 0.36 2.34 7.02
2.2 2.6 3.7 4.7 3.30 0.51 2.79 8.36
3.1 3.6 4.7 5.8 4.30 0.77 3.53 10.60
4.1 4.5 5.8 6.7 5.28 1.02 4.25 12.75
5.1 5.4 6.6 7.5 6.15 1.28 4.87 14.61
5.8 6.2 7.4 8.3 6.93 1.54 5.39 16.17
Test bodies 2A/2B
The dissipation of heat by a first test body 2A and a
second test body 2B, on which a surfacing material
mixture in the form of an industrial epoxy resin
coating with the additive mixture incorporated into it
was arranged, with a total thickness of 3 mm, and the
dissipation of heat was determined in another test
series. The additive mixture was dispersed on the
applied surfacing material mixture in the form of the
industrial epoxy resin coating in a quality ratio of
1:1 in relation to the epoxy resin coating. Next, a
seal was applied. The measured averaged and corrected
average values are listed in Table 2.
Table 2
Heating Average Heat
Temperature loss block cor- dissi-
min 2A P1 2A P2 2B P1 2B P2 Average loss rected pation
[K] [K] [K] [K] [K] [K] [K] [kJ]
1 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.57 0.05 0.52 1.57
2 1.4 0.2 0.5 1.2 0.83 0.10 0.72 2.17
2.2 0.7 1.1 2.1 1.53 0.26 1.27 3.81
7 3.1 1.1 1.5 2.6 2.08 0.36 1.72 5.15
4.0 1.6 2.2 3.4 2.80 0.51 2.29 6.86
4.8 2.6 3.2 4.5 3.78 0.77 3.01 9.02
6.2 3.7 4.4 5.4 4.93 1.02 3.90 11.70
7.5 4.7 5.4 6.3 5.98 1.28 4.70 14.09
8.4 5.8 6.3 7.3 6.95 1.54 5.41 16.24
Test bodies 3A/3B
Test bodies 3A and 3B were produced in accordance with
the descriptions under test bodies 2A/2B with an epoxy
resin coating in which the same amount of additive
mixture was incorporated, but the seal was omitted. The
measured averaged and corrected average values are
listed in table 3.
Table 3
Heating Average Heat
Temperature loss block cor- dissi-
min 3A P1 3A P2 3B P1 3B P2 Average loss rected pation
[K] [K] [K] [K] [K] [K] [K] [kJ]
1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.30 0.05 0.25 0.75
2 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.53 0.10 0.42 1.27
0.9 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.03 0.26 0.77 2.31
7 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.35 0.36 0.99 2.97
1.7 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.93 0.51 1.41 4.24
2.6 3.2 3.0 2.6 2.85 0.77 2.08 6.25
3.6 4.2 3.9 3.7 3.85 1.02 2.83 8.48
4.5 5.2 4.9 4.7 4.83 1.28 3.55 10.64
5.4 6.1 6.0 5.6 5.78 1.54 4.24 12.72
Test bodies 4A/4B
The test bodies 4A and 4B are characterized by a
composite surfacing system with an industrial PU
coating as a coating material mixture which was
provided with a dispersed additive mixture. The
additive mixture and the PU coating were applied in a
weight ratio of 1:1 and a 3-mm-thick composite
surfacing system was created. Next this PU coating/
additive mixture composition was also provided with a
seal. The measured averaged and corrected average
values are listed in table 4.
Table 4
Heating Average Heat
Temperature loss block cor- dissi-
loss rected pation
min 4A P1 4A P2 4B P1 4B P2 Average
[K] [K] [kJ]
[K] [K] [K] [K] [K]
1 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.9 0.72 0.05 0.67 2.02
2 0.6 0.6 1.6 1.2 1.00 0.10 0.90 2.69
1.0 1.3 2.3 2.1 1.68 0.26 1.42 4.26
7 1.3 1.8 2.7 2.6 2.10 0.36 1.74 5.22
2.1 2.3 3.2 3.2 2.70 0.51 2.19 6.56
3.0 3.5 4.3 4.3 3.78 0.77 3.01 9.02
4.2 4.4 5.3 5.4 4.83 1.02 3.80 11.40
5.3 5.6 6.2 6.5 5.90 1.28 4.62 13.86
6.3 6.4 7.1 7.3 6.78 1.54 5.24 15.72
By analysis of the heat dissipation values after 2 and
minutes, the test bodies and/or composite surfacing
systems that were tested can be classified in
accordance with the SIA 252:2002 standard for seamless
industrial foreign systems. Composite surfacing
systems, which have a heat loss of less than or equal
to 3.6 kJ after two minutes and a heat loss of less
than or equal to 12.6 kJ after 30 minutes are
classified as surfacings that provide good thermal
insulation. Composite surfacing systems which have a
heat loss of less than or equal to 4.5 kJ after two
minutes and a heat loss of less than or equal to
22.0 kJ after 30 minutes are classified as thermal
insulation surfacings. The cornerstones of the
classification are marked in Figure 1 in cooling time
by corresponding points after two minutes and after 30
minutes of cooling time.
The measurements on the test bodies 2A/2B, 3A/3B and
4A/4B are thus to be classified as composite surfacing
systems that provide thermal insulation.
Figure 2
Figure 2 shows as an example a measurement curve of the
thermal dissipation measurement on test body 3A,
wherein the measured raw data for cooling of the copper
black and the heat dissipation calculated therefrom to
the composite surfacing system had been plotted as a
function of time. The comparative measurement of the
heat dissipation by the copper block to the
surroundings has not been taken into account here.
The composite surfacing system comprising an epoxy
resin coating as the surfacing material mixture and an
equal amount of an additive mixture in a suitable
composition achieves a lower dissipation of heat than
the comparative measurements on surfacing systems
comprised of concrete, xylolite and linoleum in a
thickness of 3.5 mm. Figure 2 shows the classification
values as points so that it is easy to see that the two
lowest marks are achieved for primarily thermal
insulation surfacing systems, namely equal to or less
than 9.2 kJ after 30 minutes and equal to or less than
2.5 kJ after two minutes, which are achieved only by
much thicker surfacing systems such as cork linoleum,
mini parquet with a thickness of 10 mm and cork parquet
as well as fitted carpet, wherein these insulation
layers are not part of a surfacing system that can be
applied seamlessly.
The term “comprising” as used in this specification and
claims means “consisting at least in part of”. When
interpreting statements in this specification and
claims which include the term “comprising”, other
features besides the features prefaced by this term in
each statement can also be present. Related terms such
as “comprise” and “comprises” are to be interpreted in
similar manner.
In this specification where reference has been made to
patent specifications, other external documents, or
other sources of information, this is generally for the
purpose of providing a context for discussing the
features of the invention. Unless specifically stated
otherwise, reference to such external documents is not
to be construed as an admission that such documents, or
such sources of information, in any jurisdiction, are
prior art, or form part of the common general knowledge
in the art.
PATENT
Claims (12)
1. An additive mixture for addition to a surfacing material mixture performing a composite surfacing system for the floor, wall or facade area, wherein the additive mixture comprises an amount between 50% by weight and 95% by weight muscovite-mica and the additive mixture is present in powdered or granular form, wherein the amount of muscovite-mica in the additive mixture comprises muscovite-mica with at least two different grain sizes, comprising a first part of particles with a fine grain size of greater than 150 µm and less than 300 µm, and a second part of a moderately fine grain size greater than 400 µm and less than 800 comprising a first part of particles with a fine grain size of greater than 150 µm and less than 300 µm and, a second part of particles with a moderately fine grain size greater than 400 µm and less than 800 µm, and a third part of particles with a coarse grain size with average particle diameters greater than or equal to 800 µm comprising a second part of particles with a moderately fine grain size greater than 400 µm and less than 800 µm, and a third part with particles with a coarse grain size with average particle diameters greater than or equal to 800 µm.
2. The additive mixture according to claim 1, wherein the amount of muscovite-mica in the additive mixture additionally includes the third part of particles with a coarse grain size with average particle diameters greater than or equal to 800
3. The additive mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the additive mixture additionally contains additives in the form of flow optimizers, stabilizers to prevent separation, fire prevention components, coating stabilizers and/or white pigments.
4. The additive mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the additive mixture additionally contains additives in the form of a binder.
5. The additive mixture according to claim 4, wherein the binder comprises portland cement.
6. the additive mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the additive mixture comprises a filler and binder.
7. The additive mixture according to claim 6, wherein the filler and binder comprises calcium carbonate.
8. A composite surfacing system for the field of floors, walls or facades, formed from a flowable or spreadable surfacing material mixture, wherein an additive mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least an amount of muscovite-mica to which the surfacing material mixture is added or into which the surfacing material mixture is incorporated, so that an amount by weight between 6% by weight and 50% by weight muscovite-mica with at least two different grain sizes is obtained in the resulting composite surfacing systems comprising the surfacing material mixture and the additive mixture.
9. The composite surfacing system according to claim 8, wherein a mineral surfacing mixture is selected as the surfacing material mixture to which enough of the additive mixture is added, so that the amount by weight of the muscovite-mica is between 6% by weight and 20% by weight of the resulting composite surfacing system.
10. The composite surfacing system according to claim 9, wherein the mineral surfacing mixture is selected from the group consisting of hard concrete, cement-synthetic resin, mortar, xylolite, magnesia and an anhydrite surfacing mixture.
11. The composite surfacing system according to claim 9, wherein a hard concrete surfacing mixture is selected as the surfacing material mixture to which enough of the additive mixture is added that the amount by weight of the muscovite-mica is less than or equal to 10% by weight of the resulting composite surfacing system.
12. The composite surfacing system according to claim 8, wherein a synthetic resin surfacing mixture or a surfacing mixture that comprises plastics is selected as the surfacing material mixture to which enough of the additive mixture is added so that the amount by weight of the muscovite-mica is between 12% by weight and 50% by weight of the resulting composite surfacing system.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH00025/14A CH709106A1 (en) | 2014-01-10 | 2014-01-10 | Mixture of additives to be added to a mixture of flooring materials and composite flooring system formed from it. |
CH00025/14 | 2014-01-10 | ||
PCT/EP2014/075976 WO2015104096A1 (en) | 2014-01-10 | 2014-11-28 | Additive mixture for addition to a building material covering mixture and composite covering system formed therefrom |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ721987A NZ721987A (en) | 2021-08-27 |
NZ721987B2 true NZ721987B2 (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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