NZ500656A - Vector containing a nucleic acid insertion expressing a hybrid polypeptide with a protease inhibitor domain and a receptor binding domain - Google Patents
Vector containing a nucleic acid insertion expressing a hybrid polypeptide with a protease inhibitor domain and a receptor binding domainInfo
- Publication number
- NZ500656A NZ500656A NZ500656A NZ50065698A NZ500656A NZ 500656 A NZ500656 A NZ 500656A NZ 500656 A NZ500656 A NZ 500656A NZ 50065698 A NZ50065698 A NZ 50065698A NZ 500656 A NZ500656 A NZ 500656A
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- Prior art keywords
- nucleic acid
- acid molecule
- domain
- inhibitor
- recombinant nucleic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/48—Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
- C12N9/50—Proteinases, e.g. Endopeptidases (3.4.21-3.4.25)
- C12N9/64—Proteinases, e.g. Endopeptidases (3.4.21-3.4.25) derived from animal tissue
- C12N9/6421—Proteinases, e.g. Endopeptidases (3.4.21-3.4.25) derived from animal tissue from mammals
- C12N9/6424—Serine endopeptidases (3.4.21)
- C12N9/6456—Plasminogen activators
- C12N9/6459—Plasminogen activators t-plasminogen activator (3.4.21.68), i.e. tPA
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/475—Growth factors; Growth regulators
- C07K14/485—Epidermal growth factor [EGF] (urogastrone)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/81—Protease inhibitors
- C07K14/8107—Endopeptidase (E.C. 3.4.21-99) inhibitors
- C07K14/811—Serine protease (E.C. 3.4.21) inhibitors
- C07K14/8114—Kunitz type inhibitors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/81—Protease inhibitors
- C07K14/8107—Endopeptidase (E.C. 3.4.21-99) inhibitors
- C07K14/811—Serine protease (E.C. 3.4.21) inhibitors
- C07K14/8114—Kunitz type inhibitors
- C07K14/8117—Bovine/basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI, aprotinin)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/81—Protease inhibitors
- C07K14/8107—Endopeptidase (E.C. 3.4.21-99) inhibitors
- C07K14/8146—Metalloprotease (E.C. 3.4.24) inhibitors, e.g. tissue inhibitor of metallo proteinase, TIMP
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y304/00—Hydrolases acting on peptide bonds, i.e. peptidases (3.4)
- C12Y304/21—Serine endopeptidases (3.4.21)
- C12Y304/21069—Protein C activated (3.4.21.69)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
Abstract
A recombinant nucleic acid molecule is provided comprising a vector useful for transfection or transduction of mammalian cells, wherein the vector contains a nucleic acid insertion encoding an expressible hybrid polypeptide or protein which comprises a domain with a receptor binding function and a domain with enzymatic activity, in particular protease inhibitor activity. The vector may be a viral (e.g. adenovirus or retrovirus) or non-viral vector, and the nucleic acid insertion encoding the expressible hybrid polypeptide or protein may be under the control of a cell- or tissue-specific promoter. The vector may be used to express the hybrid polypeptide in a patient in a method to prevent local proteolytic activity, extracellular matrix degradation, cell migration, cell invasion or tissue remodelling.
Description
Title: Method and Construct for inhibition of cell migration
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention is m the field of therapeutic means and therapeutic methods for treatment of diseases in which cell migration and/or tissue remodeling occurs. Furthermore, the invention is m the field of biotechnology, in particular recombinant DNA technology and gene therapy.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
-Migration of cells is an essential step in many physiological and pathological processes m which tissue remodeling occurs, such as tumor metastasis, wound healing, restenosis, angiogenesis or rheumatic arthritis. Migrating cells have to pass through the surrounding extracellular matrix. Limited proteolytic degradation of the components of the extracellular matrix is often seen during cell migration. To mediate this cell migration migrating cells produce, or recruit from their direct environment, proteolytic enzymes, such as plasminogen activators, metalloproteinases or elastases. Induction of cell migration e.g. during tumor metastasis or wound healing often correlates with the induction of the production of these enzymes.
Although the involvement of proteolytic enzymes in cell migration under pathophysiological conditions is well accepted, little attempts have been made to inhibit cell migration by inhibiting these proteolytic enzymes. A possible explanation for the limited use of protease inhibitors is the fact that these proteolytic enzymes are involved in many processes both pathological and physiological (including fibrinolysis, wound healing, growth factor activation etc.) and that inhibition of these protease systems by systemically applied protease inhibitors might have either strong side effects or may lead to a diffusion or clearance of the inhibitory compounds without having a strong effect on the local cell migration processes.
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Another problem in the use of protease inhibitors to interfere in cell migration and tissue remodeling is that proteases mediating these processes can bind to receptors at the cell surface. In this way the proteolytic enzymes might 5 be active locally in a pericellular microenvironment where they are protected against the action of the present inhibitors.
It has been disclosed that conjugates between the receptor binding part of u-PA (the ammotermmal fragment or
ATF) and urinary trypsin inhibitor produced in vitro, inhibit migration of tumor cells in vitro (Kobayashi, Gotoh,
Hirashima, Fujie, Sugmo and Terao, Inhibitory effect of a conjugate between human urokinase and urinary trypsin inhibitor on tumor cell invasion m vitro. J. Biol. Chem.
(1995) 270, 8361-8366). The conjugate these authors have used is made synthetically by mixing the isolated ATF fragments with the trypsin inhibitor.
Recently it has been disclosed that these conjugates also can be produced recombinantly (WO 97/25422).
A comparable construct consisting of a receptor binding u-PA fragment and its inhibitor PAI-2, to be produced recombinantly in yeast, has been described to inhibit tumor cell migration m WO 92/02553 (PCT/GB91/01322). In this way they have made a protease inhibitor that can bind to a
specific receptor at the cell surface, the urokinase receptor, and this inhibitor can inhibit cell migration (in vitro). As to the use of these constructs in vivo, a problem is the application to and the prolonged presence at the site of desired action in vivo. It is an object of the present ^ invention to go some way towards overcoming the prior art problems and/or to provide the public with a useful choice.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention provides a recombinant nucleic acid molecule comprising a vector useful for transfection or transduction of mammalian, e.g. human, cells, wherein said
3 5 vector contains a nucleic acid insertion encoding_an-
^ v INTf LLECT'JAL PROPERTY
expressible hybrid polypeptide or protein wiucr^^omgfi^es a I
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50065
intellectual property office of n.z.
3
- 1 OCT 2001 received domain with a binding function and a domain with an effector function, wherein the domain with a binding function is a cell surface receptor binding domain. Preferably the domain with an effector function has enzymatic 5 activity, most preferably protease inhibitor activity.
from the group consisting of urokinase receptor binding domain of urokinase, receptor binding domain of epidermal growth factor, receptor associated protein that binds to LDL 10 Receptor related protein (a2-macroglobulin receptor) and VLDL Receptor.
has protease inhibitor activity and comprises a protease inhibitor or active part thereof, said protease inhibitor 15 being selected from the group consisting of (bovine)
pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, (bovine) splenic trypsin inhibitor, urinary trypsin inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloprotemase 2, tissue inhibitor of matrix metallo-2 0 proteinase 3, and elastase inhibitor. The domain with an effector function may comprise (an active part of) two or more different protease inhibitors, or two or more copies of (an active part of) a protease inhibitor, or both.
consisting of viral and non-viral vectors useful for trans-
fection or transduction of mammalian cells. The vector may be an adenovirus vector or a retrovirus vector useful for trans-fection or transduction of human cells.
3 0 hybrid polypeptide or protein may be under the control of a cell- or tissue-specific promoter, such as an endothelial cell-specific promoter, or a vascular smooth muscle cell-specific promoter, or a liver-specific promoter.
preventing local proteolytic activity, extracellular matrix degradation, cell migration, cell invasion, or tissue
Preferably, the receptor binding domain is selected
Preferably, the domain with an effector function
Preferably, the vector is selected from the group
The nucleic acid insertion encoding an expressible
Disclosed but not claimed is a process for
remodeling, comprising transfecting or transducing the cells involved or cells in their environment with a recombinant nucleic acid molecule as defined herein to obtain local expression of the hybrid polypeptide or protein encoded by 5 said nucleic acid molecule.
Also, this invention provides a process for producing a hybrid polypeptide or protein which comprises a domain with a binding function and a domain with an effector function, comprising transfecting or transducing mammalian 10 cells with a recombinant nucleic acid molecule as defined herein to obtain expression of the hybrid polypeptide or protein encoded by said nucleic acid molecule, and optionally recovering the hybrid polypeptide or protein produced.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 schematically depicts the plasmids pCRII-uPA (left) and pCRII-ATF (right).
Figure 2 schematically depicts the plasmid pCRII-
ATF-BPTI.
Figure 3 schematically depicts the plasmid pMAD5~
ATF-BPTI.
Figure 4 shows the results of proteolytic matrix degradation experiments.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the use of hybrid proteins in which a receptor binding domain is linked to a functional protein m order to induce a local action of this protein and to prevent systemic effects and/or diffusion. In 3 0 particular this invention relates to such hybrid proteins that might be produced by a subset of cells as target cells after transfection or transduction with expression vectors. More specifically the invention relates to the use of such expression vectors, coding for hybrid proteins consisting of 35 a receptor binding domain and a protease inhibitor domain,
for the prevention of cell migration and tissue remodeling by
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WO 98/51788 PCT/NL98/00259
inhibition of proteases at the surface of migrating or invading cells.
The method and construct described in the present invention can be applied as therapy in diseases in which cell 5 migration and/or tissue remodeling occurs.
The present invention addresses the solution of several negative aspects involved in the above described use of inhibitors according to the prior art:
High local concentrations of hybrid proteins in the 10 direct environment of the target cells can be obtained by production of the protein by the migrating cells themselves or cells m their immediate environment. This production can be induced by transfection or transduction of a certain subset of the cell population with a suitable vector encoding 15 the hybrid protein. For this purpose, one may use recombinant adenoviral vectors, retroviral vectors, plasmid vectors, etc.
Diffusion of the inhibitor and systemic side effects are prevented by binding the hybrid protein (by its receptor binding domain) to the cell surface of the target 20 cell. Local expression of this hybrid protein also contributes to the reduction of systemic side effects, while the negative effect of diffusion of the protein is reduced by the production at the site where action is required. The local expression of the hybrid protein m specific sub-25 populations of cells, e.g. endothelial cells prone to migrate during angiogenesis, can be enhanced using cell type-specific or tissue-specific expression vectors, in which the expression of the protein is under control of a promoter with cell type-specific or tissue-specific regulatory elements. 30 - Binding of a protease inhibitor to a cell surface receptor can locate the inhibitor close to its molecular target, the cell surface bound proteolytic enzyme. Local inhibition of the proteolytic activity in the pericellular microenvironment may be achieved in this way. 35 - Binding of a protease inhibitor to a cell surface receptor for a proteolytic enzyme, such as the urokinase
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receptor, may have an additional inhibitory effect. It prevents the binding of the proteolytic enzyme to its receptor, and thus strongly reduces the action of this enzyme as has been shown for blocking the binding of u-PA to its 5 receptor which can strongly inhibit cell migration.
Hybrid proteins, for which the expression vectors (e.g. adenoviral or retroviral expression vectors) contain the encoding DNA sequences, might contain a region that binds to a cell surface receptor and that is not subsequently 10 internalized. Receptor binding domains that can be used for this purpose are e.g. the u-PAR binding domain of urokinase plasminogen activator, the receptor binding domain of epidermal growth factor, the receptor associated protein (RAP) that binds to the LDL-R related protein (LRP), also 15 called a2-macroglobulin receptor, and the VLDL-receptor.
The inhibitor part of the encoded hybrid protein might consist of various protease inhibitors such as bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, also called aprotmin or Trasylols, other trypsin inhibitors such as urinary trypsin 20 inhibitor, inhibitors for matrix-degrading metalloproteinases such the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-3, or variants thereof. Also inhibitors for other proteases like elastase are very suitable for being incorporated into the expression vector containing the DNA 25 sequences encoding the hybrid proteins. Multiple copies of the DNA sequences encoding the functional protein part of the hybrid protein e.g. the inhibitor part, or combinations of different inhibitors or derivatives thereof might be incorporated into the DNA construct in the expression vector. 30 Another very attractive possibility would be to use such an expression vector encoding hybrid receptor binding protein to apply any functional protein that should exert its action m the local environment of the target cell, e.g. a protease involved in the activation of a growth factor or an 35 other e.g. vasoregulatory component.
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The action of the functional protein or protein domains of the hybrid protein is localized to the direct microenvironment of the target cells by binding of the receptor binding domain to a receptor at the surface of the 5 target cells. Production of the hybrid protein in the direct environment of the target cells or even by the target cells themselves can be obtained by transfection or transduction of these cells by the use of expression vectors that might be based on a non-viral or an adeno- or retroviral vector 10 system. Expression m specific cell or tissue types might be achieved by the use of specific promoter elements in the expression vectors. For example, for endothelial cell-specific expression (elements of) the promoter region of the human or murine pre-pro-endothelm gene (HUMEDN1B and 15 MMU07982, respectively, GENBANK) can be used, for vascular smooth muscle cell-specific expression (elements of) the promoter region of the human vascular smooth muscle a-actin gene (HUMACTSA, GENBANK) can be used, and for liver-specific expression the promoter of the human albumin gene (HUMALBGC, 20 GENBANK) can be used.
Local delivery of these vectors might be obtained using various commonly used methods, including catheters, topically applied gels containing the vectors or targeted delivery systems. For site-specific delivery to the vessel 25 wall, e.g. to prevent restenosis and vessel wall remodeling after angioplasty, special catheters can be used. At the moment double balloon catheters, channeled balloon catheters, multiple needle catheters and balloon catheters coated with a vector containing a hydrogel are being used for vessel wall-30 specific delivery. Other ways to deliver the vectors directly into the vessel wall are the use of stents coated with vector containing coatings, topical application of vector containing hydrogels to the outside of the blood vessel or ex vivo delivery directly into the blood vessel during trans-35 plantation surgery. Ex vivo transduction of proliferating cells using retroviral vectors followed by a reinjection may
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also be used to deliver the vector constructs at the site where their action is required.
The present application will be described herein-5 after in further detail, while referring to the following examples. It is to be noted that these examples merely serve to illustrate the invention, not to restrict it.
EXAMPLE 1
An expression plasmid encoding the aminoterminal fragment of urokinase plasminogen activator (u-PA), amino acids 1-138, hereafter referred to as ATF, can be constructed by deleting the DNA sequences encoding amino acids 13 9 till 401 in an expression plasmid for the full length u-PA using a 15 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the following oligonucleotides: 5'-cccgggcttttttccatctgcgcagtc-31 and 5'-agggtcaccaaggaagagaatggc-31. After amplification by PCR the newly formed DNA fragment can be circularized by ligation to restore the circular character of the expression plasmid. 20 In this way an expression plasmid encoding the ATF and the C terminal last 11 amino acid residues including the stop codon can be constructed.
The sequence of the thus formed DNA construct encoding the u-PA ATF fragment then is determined and compared 25 with the predicted sequence as a control for possible mutations introduced during the construction procedure.
The construction pCRII-ATF from pCRII-uPA using PCR is shown in Figure 1. In figure 1, the area indicated between the lines was removed during the PCR amplification, resulting 30 in the ATF plasmid. The plasmid pCRII-uPA is shown to the left, plasmid pCRII-ATF to the right.
EXAMPLE 2
DNA fragments encoding amino acid residues 36-93 of 35 bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) and the homologous amino acid residues of bovine spleen trypsin inhibitor (BSTI)
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can be isolated by performing a PCR reaction on genomic DNA isolated for bovine aortic endothelial cells using the following oligonucleotides: 5'-_tcgcgacctgacttctgcctagagc-3' covering nucleotides 2509 to 2533 (with modifications, 5 indicated in italics, in the 5' region of the oligonucleotide to introduce a Nrul site (underlined) for cloning purposes) of the BPTI gene according to the published sequence (GENBANK, BTBPTIG), and nucleotide 2442 to 2462 of the BSTI gene according to the published sequence (GENBANK, BTBSTIG) 10 and 5 ' -cr<7tcacccaqgqcccaatattaccacc-3 ' covering nucleotides 2677 to 2704 of the BPTI gene and 2610 to 2636 of the BSTI gene (modified in the indicated nucleotides (italics) to introduce a BstEII and a Sspl site respectively (underlined)). The amplified DNA fragments then were cloned 15 into an appropriate plasmid vector, pCRII or pUC13, and then the exact sequence of the amplified DNA fragments in the isolated clones was analyzed to differentiate between BPTI and BSTI which have a very high degree of homology.
EXAMPLE 3
The DNA fragment encoding amino acids 1 to 207 of the human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase type 1 is isolated by performing a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction on total RNA isolated from human foreskin 25 fibroblasts by using the following oligonucleotides
51-agagagacaccagagaacccaccat-31 covering nucleotides 41 to 65 of the human TIMP-1 cDNA (according to the sequence in GENBANK HSTIMPR) and 5'-tcattgtccggaagaaagatgggag-3' covering nucleotides 740 till 755. The amplified DNA fragment was 3 0 cloned into an appropriate host vector, pUC13, and then the exact sequence of the amplified DNA fragment in the isolated clones was analyzed.
EXAMPLE 4
For construction of a recombinant adenovirus containing sequences encoding the ATF.BPTI hybrid protein,
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this sequence is cloned in the adenoviral vector construction adapter and expression plasmid pMAD5. This plasmid contains part of the wildtype adenovirus type 5 DNA sequences, a Major Late Promoter (MLP), and a poly-adenylation (polyA) signal 5 and can be used as either an expression vector or a shuttle vector to construct a recombinant adenovirus. This plasmid was derived from plasmid pMLPIO as follows. First pMLPlO-lin was constructed by insertion of a synthetic DNA fragment with unique sites for the restriction endonucleases Mlul, SplI, 10 SnaBl, Spel, AsuII and Muni into the Hindlll site of pMLPIO. Subsequently, the adenovirus Bglll fragment spanning nt 3328 to 8914 of the Ad5 genome was inserted into the Muni site of pMLPIO - lm. Finally, the Sall-BamHI fragment was deleted to inactivate the tetracycline resistance gene, resulting in 15 plasmid pMAD5. To clone the ATF.BPTI sequence into the pMAD5" plasmid between the MLP promoter and the polyA signal the following strategy has been followed.
Starting from a pCRII plasmid m which a 1373 base pair fragment of the uPA cDNA was cloned, a PCR reaction with 20 the oligonucleotides 5'-cccgggcttttttccatctgcgcagtc-31 (Smal site underlined and nucleotides changed in italics) and 5'-aqcfgtcaccaaaqaaaaaaataac-3' (BstEII site underlined and nucleotides changed m italics) was performed as described in example 1 to make a pCRII-ATF plasmid (see figure 1). 25 Subsequently this pCRII-ATF plasmid was digested with the restriction enzymes Smal and Bstell. In parallel the pCRII-BPTI plasmid was digested with the restriction enzymes Nrul and Bstell and the BPTI containing fragment was cloned into the pCRII-ATF plasmid (see figure 2). The construction pCRII-30 ATF-BPTI is shown in Fig. 2.
In a next step the ATF-BPTI sequence was cloned into pMAD5. This was done by digestion of the pCRII-ATF-BPTI plasmid with the restriction enzymes EcoRV and Spel,
isolation of the ATF-BPTI encoding DNA fragment and cloning 35 of this fragment into the SnaBI and Spel digested pMAD5
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plasmid. The cloning was tested by restriction analysis and sequence analysis.
The pMAD5-ATF-BPTI shuttle vector for the construction of ATF-BPTI adenoviral vector is shown in Figure 3.
EXAMPLE 5
In a similar way as described m example 4 for pMAD5-ATF-BPTI a plasmid containing the BSTI-gene (pMAD5-ATF-BSTI) was constructed using the pCRII-BSTI plasmid instead of 10 the pCRII-BPTI plasmid.
EXAMPLE 6
For construction of a recombinant adenovirus containing sequences encoding the ATF-TIMP1 hybrid protein, 15 this sequence is cloned in the pMAD5 expression plasmid. This plasmid contains part of the wildtype adenovirus type 5 DNA sequences, a Major Late Promoter (MLP), and a polyadenylation (polyA) signal and can be used as either an expression vector or a shuttle vector to construct a recombinant adenovirus. To 2 0 clone the ATF-TIMP1 sequence into the pMAD5 plasmid between the MLP promoter and the polyA signal, the following strategy has been followed.
Starting from a pCRII plasmid m which a 1373 base pair fragment of the uPA cDNA was cloned, a PCR reaction with 25 the oligonucleotides 51-cccgggcttttttccatctgcgcagtc-31 and
51-agggtcaccaaggaagagaatggc-3' was performed as described in example 1 to make a pCRII-ATF plasmid (see figure 1). Subsequently this pCRII-ATF plasmid was digested with the restriction enzymes Smal and Bstell.
In parallel a fragment of the cDNA of TIMP1 in pUC13-TIMP1 encoding amino acid residues 1 to 184 of the mature protein, but lacking the signal peptide and the stop codon, was amplified using the following oligonucleotides 51-tcgcgatgcacctgtgtcccacc-3' and 35 5'-qqtcacccaaatattqactatataaaaccqcaaqg-3'. These oligonucleotides contain recognition sites for the restriction
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enzymes Nrul (first oligonucleotide, underlined) and BstEII and Sspl respectively (second oligonucleotide, underlined); these sites are needed for the cloning procedure.
The amplified DNA fragment was cloned into a pCRII 5 vector and called pCRII-TIMPl. This vector was subsequently digested with the restriction enzymes Nrul and Bstell and the TIMP1 containing DNA fragment was cloned into the pCRII-ATF plasmid (see figure 1).
In a next step the ATF-TIMP sequence was cloned 10 into pMAD5. This was done by digestion of the pCRII-ATF-TIMP plasmid with the restriction enzymes EcoRV and Spel,
isolation of the ATF-TIMP encoding DNA fragment and cloning of this fragment into the SnabI and Spel digested pMAD5 plasmid. The cloning was tested by restriction analysis and 15 sequence analysis.
For construction of a recombinant adenovirus containing sequences encoding the ATF.TIMPl hybrid protein, this sequence is cloned in the pMAD5 expression plasmid. This plasmid contains part of the wildtype adenovirus type 5 DNA 20 sequences, a Major Late Promoter (MLP), and a poly-
adenylation (polyA) signal and can be used as either an expression vector or a shuttle vector to construct a recombinant adenovirus. To clone the ATF.TIMPl sequence into the pMAD5 plasmid between the MLP promoter and the polyA 25 signal the following strategy has been followed.
Starting from a pCRII plasmid in which a 1373 base pair fragment of the uPA cDNA was cloned, a PCR reaction with the oligonucleotides 5'-cccgggcttttttccatctgcgcagtc-31 and 5'-agggtcaccaaggaagagaatggc-31 was performed as described in 30 example 1 to make a pCRII-ATF plasmid (see figure 1).
Subsequently on this pCRII-ATF plasmid a PCR reaction was performed using the oligonucleotides 51-aatattattgaacttcatcaagttcc-31 and
51-gactctagagcaaaaatgacaaccag-3' and the resulting DNA 35 fragment was cloned into the pCRII cloning vector. In this way the signal peptide of u-PA is removed and a Sspl
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restriction enzyme recognition site is introduced (underlined) . The resulting plasmid DNA is designated pCRIIATF*.
In parallel a fragment of the cDNA of TIMPl m pUC13-TIMPl encoding amino acid residues -23 to 184 of the 5 TIMP-1 protein, including the signal peptide but lacking the stop codon, was amplified using the oligonucleotides 5'-agagagacaccagagaacccaccat-31 and
51-aatattggctatctgggaccgcagg-3' containing a recognition site for the restriction enzyme Sspl (underlined) and cloned into 10 a pCRII cloning vector. The resulting plasmid DNA is designated pCRII-TIMPl*.
This vector was subsequently digested with the restriction enzymes Sspl and EcoRV and the TIMPl containing DNA fragment was cloned into a EcoRV-SspI digested pCRII-ATF* 15 plasmid. The resulting plasmid containing the TIMP-ATF DNA
fragment was called pCRII-TIMP-ATF. In a next step, the TIMP-ATF sequence was cloned into pMAD5. This was done by digestion of the pCRII-TIMP-ATF plasmid with the restriction enzymes EcoRV and Spel, isolation of the TIMP-ATF encoding 20 DNA fragment and cloning of this fragment into the SnabI and Spel digested pMAD5 plasmid. The cloning was tested by restriction analysis and sequence analysis.
EXAMPLE 7
Vectors encoding hybrid proteins containing multiple copies of the BPTI unit coupled to the ATF domain have been constructed. To construct these multiple BPTI vectors, the following strategy is followed.
The pMAD5-ATF-BPTI described in EXAMPLE 4 is 30 digested with the restriction enzymes Sspl and BstEII. In this way the vector is opened exactly in the open reading frame at the end of the BPTI sequence. The pCRII-BPTI plasmid described in EXAMPLE 2 is digested with Nrul and BstEII resulting in a BPTI encoding DNA fragment with one blunt end 35 (Nrul). The fragment was then monodirectionally cloned into the Sspl BstEII pMAD5-ATF-BPTI vector. The thus constructed
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plasmid named pMAD5-ATF-BPTI-BPTI was used as a shuttle vector for the construction of recombinant adenoviruses.
This approach can be repeated multiple times to construct vectors containing multiple BPTI-domams.
EXAMPLE 8
A vector encoding a hybrid protein containing both a BPTI unit and a TIMPl unit coupled to the ATF domain has been constructed. To construct this BPTI-TIMP vector, the 10 following strategy is followed.
The pMAD5-ATF-BPTI described in EXAMPLE 4 is digested with the restriction enzymes Sspl and BstEII. In this way the vector is opened right behind the BPTI sequence. The pCRII-TIMP plasmid described m EXAMPLE 6 is digested 15 with Nrul and BstEII resulting in a TIMPl encoding DNA fragment with one blunt end. The fragment was then cloned into the Sspl BstEII pMAD5-ATF-BPTI vector. The thus constructed plasmid named pMAD5-ATF-BPTI-TIMP was used as a shuttle vector for the construction of recombinant adenoviruses.
EXAMPLE 9
To monitor the production of a functional ATF-BPTI hybrid protein after transfection of cells with pMAD5 or transduction with a recombinant replication-deficient ATF-25 BPTI encoding adenovirus, the following tests have been performed.
The production of the hybrid ATF-BPTI protein by CHO cells transfected with the pMAD5-ATF-BPTI was analyzed using a uPA ELISA that recognizes the ATF, the aminoterminal 3 0 fragment of u-PA. Production of ATF-BPTI was clearly detectable both after transient transfection of CHO cells with the pMAD5-ATF-BPTI plasmid (50-100 ng/ml/24hrs) and after transduction with an ATF-BPTI encoding adenoviral vector (up to 1.5 ng/ml/24hrs).
- The cell culture media of CHO cells transduced with the ATF-BPTI adenovirus were analyzed using western blotting
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techniques. After electrophoresis and blotting, parallel filters were analyzed with polyclonal antibodies against either u-PA or BPTI (raised against Trasylol®) . In both filters a signal was detected at the same expected position 5 at approximately 20kDa. This indicates that the protein produced indeed contains fragments of u-PA and BPTI, thus that the hybrid protein is produced.
The function as an inhibitor of plasmin activity of the ATF-BPTI protein was first analyzed in solution using 10 dilutions of the culture medium of ATF-BPTI virus infected
CHO cells (approximately 1.8 ^g/ml). They were incubated with plasmin (1 nM) and the activity of plasmin was measured using a chromogenic substrate. Trasylol" dilutions were used as control references. Plasmin inhibition by ATF-BPTI medium was 15 very effective, diluting the medium lOOOx (i.e. 100 nM ATF-BPTI) resulted in a 50% inhibition of the activity of 1 nM plasmin, a similar inhibition as was observed with 100 nM Trasylol®. Thus the activity of ATF-BPTI is comparable to that of commercially available Trasylol" (Bayer, Germany). 20 - The function of ATF-BPTI as an inhibitor for plasmin bound to the cell surface via the interaction of the ATF domain with the u-PA receptor (uPAR) was tested using mouse cell lines that are either or not transfected with the human uPA receptor gene. These cells were incubated for 6 hrs 25 with diluted medium of the ATF-BPTI virus-infected CHO cells. Cell extracts were made of the uPAR-transfected cells and the parental mouse cells lacking the human uPAR. Parallel cultures underwent a short acid treatment (pH 3, 3 min)
before the cell extracts were made. This treatment will 30 remove any u-PA or ATF bound to the u-PA receptor. The cell extracts were incubated with InM plasmin and the plasmin activity was determined. Plasmin activity could only be inhibited by the cell extract of the u-PAR containing cell line. No inhibition of plasmin activity was observed in the 35 cell extracts of parental cell line, lacking the u-PA
receptor, and in the acid-treated u-PAR containing cell line.
Printed from Mimosa 10/29/1999 17:23:46 page -17-
16
This clearly indicates that ATF-BPTI can function as a u-PAR bound plasmin inhibitor.
TABLE 1
% INHIBITION OF PLASMIN ACTIVITY
cell line uPAR transfected cell line parental cell line acid treatment
-
+
-
+
% inhibition
93%
0%
0%
0%
EXAMPLE 10
Cell-specific expression of ATF-BPTI in endothelial cells e.g. to specifically inhibit the migration of endothelial cells during angiogenesis, is achieved by cloning sequences of the promoter of the human pre-pro-endothelin 1 gene (nucleotide 2180-3680 of HUMEDN1B (GENBANK)) in front of the ATF-BPTI encoding DNA in an adenoviral vector. In this way, highly endothelial cell-specific expression of the ATF-BPTI hybrid protein can be obtained.
EXAMPLE 11
Proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix is a key event in many cell migration and tissue remodeling processes. This proteolytic matrix degradation is often found to be mediated by urokinase-type plasminogen activation. In order to test whether infection with an ATF-BPTI encoding adenovirus can inhibit plasmin mediated extracellular matrix degradation, an experiment was performed using human synoviocytes. These cells were infected with an ATF-BPTI adenovirus while they were seeded on an 3H-labeled extracellular matrix existing of bovine cartilage material. Profound inhibition of matrix degradation could be observed in the virus treated cells (figure 4) indicating that matrix
Printed from Mimosa 10/29/1999 17:23:46 page -18-
degradation can be inhibited by infecting cells with the ATF-BPTI encoding virus.
Figure 4 shows the degradation of cartilage matrix by human synoviocytes in the presence of plasminogen. Matrix 5 is incubated with control medium (lane 1), synoviocytes (lane 2), synoviocytes infected with ATF-BPTI adenovirus (lane 3), and synoviocytes incubated with TrasylolB (lOOKIU/ml) (lane 4).
EXAMPLE 12
In the process of restenosis smooth muscle cell migration and vessel wall remodeling are key events in which plasmin mediated proteolysis of extracellular matrix components is involved. In vivo application of general plasmin inhibitors to interfere in this process may have 15 systemic side effects. Application of a plasmin inhibitor to the surface of the migrating cells might prevent these side effects. Infection of the blood vessel wall with an ATF-BPTI adenovirus at a site where neointima formation can be expected, e.g. in a transplanted "coronary by-pass" graft, 20 might be a ideal way to produce the ATF-BPTI locally, and thus inhibit plasmin activity in the direct surroundings of the migrating (smooth muscle) cells, resulting in a reduced neointima formation.
This principle was tested using human saphenous 25 vein organ cultures, a model system in which neointima formation can be mimicked very realistically. In parallel cultures, either or not infected with an ATF-BPTI adenovirus, the neointima formation was analyzed after three and four weeks. In the untreated tissues a clear neointima formation 3 0 could be observed. Profound inhibition of the neointima formation could be observed in the tissues treated with 1010 pfu/ml ATF-BPTI adenovirus.
Printed from Mimosa 10/29/1999 17:23:46 page -19-
18
Appendix
Description and Nucleotide sequence of the pMAD5-ATF-BPTI
plasmid.
From
To
Description
1
184
adenovirus sequence 51
184
447
adenovirus Major Late Promoter (MLP)
447
644
tripartite leader sequence (TPL)
685
1167
urokinase ATF sequence
1168
1353
bovine prancreas trypsin inhibitor sequence
1360
1443
urokinase 3' sequence (including stop codon)
1514
1615
sequence derived form pSP65 and LacZ
1616
1751
SV4 0 poly A signal
1752
7334
adenovirus sequence 3'
9831
8971
p-lactamase
2 0 Nucleotide sequence:
l
CATTTTCGCG
GGAAAACTGA
ATAAGAGGAA
GTGAAATCTG
AATAATTTTG
TGTTACTCAT
61
AGCGCGTAAT
ATTTGTCTAG
GGCCGCGGGG
ACTTTGACCG
TTTACGTGGA
GACTCGCCCA
121
GGTGTTTTTC
TCAGGTGTTT
TCCGCGTTCC
GGGTCAAAGT
TGGCGTTTTA
TTATTATAGT
181
CAGCTGATCG
AGCGGTGTTC
CGCGGTCCTC
CTCGTATAGA
AACTCGGACC
ACTCTGAGAC
241
GAAGGCTCGC
GTCCAGGCCA
GCACGAAGGA
GGCTAAGTGG
GAGGGGTAGC
GGTCGTTGTC
301
CACTAGGGGG
TCCACTCGCT
CCAGGGTGTG
AAGACACATG
TCGCCCTCTT
CGGCATCAAG
361
GAAGGTGATT
GGTTTATAGG
TGTAGGCCAC
GTGACCGGGT
GTTCCTGAAG
GGGGGCTATA
421
AAAGGGGGTG
GGGGCGCGTT
CGTCCTCACT
CTCTTCCGCA
TCGCTGTCTG
CGAGGGCCAG
481
CTGTTGGGGC
TCGCGGTTGA
GGACAAACTC
TTCGCGGTCT
TTCCAGTACT
CTTGGATCGG
541
AAACCCGTCG
GCCTCCGAAC
GGTACTCCGC
CACCGAGGGA
CCTGAGCGAG
TCCGCATCGA
601
CCGGATCGGA
AAACCTCTCG
AGAAAGGCGT
CTAACCAGTC
GCTGATCGAT
AAGCTAGCTT
661
ACGCGTACAT
CTGCAGAATT
CGGCTTAACT
CTAGACCATG
AGAGCCCTGC
TGGCGCGCCT
721
GCTTCTCTGC
GTCCTGGTCG
TGAGCGACTC
CAAAGGCAGC
AATGAACTTC
ATCAAGTTCC
781
ATCGAACTGT
GACTGTCTAA
ATGGAGGAAC
ATGTGTGTCC
AACAAGTACT
TCTCCAACAT
841
TCACTGGTGC
AACTGCCCAA
AGAAATTCGG
AGGGCAGCAC
TGTGAAATAG
ATAAGTCAAA
Printed from Mimosa 10/29/1999 17:23:46 page -20-
19
901
AACCTGCTAT
GAGGGGAATG
GTCACTTTTA
CCGAGGAAAG
GCCAGCACTG
ACACCATGGG
961
CCGGCCCTGC
CTGCCCTGGA
ACTCTGCCAC
TGTCCTTCAG
CAAACGTACC
ATGCCCACAG
1021
ATCTGATGCT
CTTCAGCTGG
GCCTGGGGAA
ACATAATTAC
TGCAGGAACC
CAGACAACCG
1081
GAGGCGACCC
TGGTGCTATG
TGCAGGTGGG
CCTAAAGCCG
CTTGTCCAAG
AGTGCATGGT
1141
GCATGACTGC
GCAGATGGAA AAAAGCCCCG
ACCTGACTTC
TGCCTAGAGC
CTCCATATAC
1201
GGGTCCCTGC
AAGGCCAGAA
TTATCAGATA
CTTCTACAAC
GCCAAGGCTG
GGCTCTGCCA
1261
GACCTTTGTA
TATGGCGGCT
GCAGAGCTAA
AAGAAACAAT
TTCAAGAGCG
CAGAGGACTG
1321
CATGAGGACC
TGTGGTGGTA
ATATTGGGCC
CTGGGTCACC
AAGGAAGAGA
ATGGCCTGGC
1381
CCTCTGAGGG
TCCCCAGGGA
GGAAACGGGC
ACCACCCGCT
TTCTTGCTGG
TTGTCATTTT
1441
TGCTCTAGAG
TCAAGCCGAA
TTCTGCAGAT
ATCGTCCATT
CCGACAGCAT
CGCCAGTCAC
1501
TATGGCGTGC
TGCTAGAGGA
TCCCCGGGCG
AGCTCGAATT
CCAGCTGAGC
GCCGGTCGCT
1561
ACCATTACCA
GTTGGTCTGG
TGTCAAAAAT
AATAATAACC
GGGCAGGGGG
GATTCTGAAC
1621
TTGTTTATTG
CAGCTTATAA
TGGTTACAAA
TAAAGCAATA
GCATCACAAA
TTTCACAAAT
1681
AAAGCATTTT
TTTCACTGCA
TTCTAGTTGT
GGTTTGTCCA
AACTCATCAA
TGTATCTTAT
1741
CATGTCTGGA
TCTGGAAGGT
GCTGAGGTAC
GATGAGACCC
GCACCAGGTG
CAGACCCTGC
1801
GAGTGTGGCG
GTAAACATAT
TAGGAACCAG
CCTGTGATGC
TGGATGTGAC
CGAGGAGCTG
1861
AGGCCCGATC
ACTTGGTGCT
GGCCTGCACC
CGCGCTGAGT
TTGGCTCTAG
CGATGAAGAT
1921
ACAGATTGAG
GTACTGAAAT
GTGTGGGCGT
GGCTTAAGGG
TGGGAAAGAA
TATATAAGGT
1981
GGGGGTCTTA
TGTAGTTTTG
TATCTGTTTT
GCAGCAGCCG
CCGCCGCCAT
GAGCACCAAC
2041
TCGTTTGATG
GAAGCATTGT
GAGCTCATAT
TTGACAACGC
GCATGCCCCC
ATGGGCCGGG
2101
GTGCGTCAGA
ATGTGATGGG
CTCCAGCATT
GATGGTCGCC
CCGTCCTGCC
CGCAAACTCT
2161
ACTACCTTGA
CCTACGAGAC
CGTGTCTGGA
ACGCCGTTGG
AGACTGCAGC
CTCCGCCGCC
2221
GCTTCAGCCG
CTGCAGCCAC
CGCCCGCGGG
ATTGTGACTG
ACTTTGCTTT
CCTGAGCCCG
2281
CTTGCAAGCA
GTGCAGCTTC
CCGTTCATCC
GCCCGCGATG
ACAAGTTGAC
GGCTCTTTTG
2341
GCACAATTGG
ATTCTTTGAC
CCGGGAACTT
AATGTCGTTT
CTCAGCAGCT
GTTGGATCTG
2401
CGCCAGCAGG
TTTCTGCCCT
GAAGGCTTCC
TCCCCTCCCA
ATGCGGTTTA
AAACATAAAT
2461
AAAAAACCAG
ACTCTGTTTG
GATTTGGATC
AAGCAAGTGT
CTTGCTGTCT
TTATTTAGGG
2521
GTTTTGCGCG
CGCGGTAGGC
CCGGGACCAG
CGGTCTCGGT
CGTTGAGGGT
CCTGTGTATT
2581
TTTTCCAGGA
CGTGGTAAAG
GTGACTCTGG
ATGTTCAGAT
ACATGGGCAT
AAGCCCGTCT
2641
CTGGGGTGGA
GGTAGCACCA
CTGCAGAGCT
TCATGCTGCG
GGGTGGTGTT
GTAGATGATC
2701
CAGTCGTAGC
AGGAGCGCTG
GGCGTGGTGC
CTAAAAATGT
CTTTCAGTAG
CAAGCTGATT
2761
GCCAGGGGCA
GGCCCTTGGT
GTAAGTGTTT
ACAAAGCGGT
TAAGCTGGGA
TGGGTGCATA
2821
CGTGGGGATA
TGAGATGCAT
CTTGGACTGT
ATTTTTAGGT
TGGCTATGTT
CCCAGCCATA
2881
TCCCTCCGGG
GATTCATGTT
GTGCAGAACC
ACCAGCACAG
TGTATCCGGT
GCACTTGGGA
2941
AATTTGTCAT
GTAG CTTAGA
AGGAAATGCG
TGGAAGAACT
TGGAGACGCC
CTTGTGACCT
3001
CCAAGATTTT
CCATGCATTC
GTCCATAATG
ATGGCAATGG
GCCCACGGGC
GGCGGCCTGG
Printed from Mimosa 10/29/1999 17:23:46 page -21-
3061
GCGAAGATAT
TTCTGGGATC
ACTAACGTCA
TAGTTGTGTT
CCAGGATGAG
ATCGTCATAG
3121
GCCATTTTTA
CAAAGCGCGG
GCGGAGGGTG
CCAGACTGCG
GTATAATGGT
TCCATCCGGC
3181
CCAGGGGCGT
AGTTACCCTC
ACAGATTTGC
ATTTCCCACG
CTTTGAGTTC
AGATGGGGGG
3241
ATCATGTCTA
CCTGCGGGGC
GATGAAGAAA
ACGGTTTCCG
GGGTAGGGGA
GATCAGCTGG
3301
GAAGAAAGCA
GGTTCCTGAG
CAGCTGCGAC
TTACCGCAGC
CGGTGGGCCC
GTAAATCACA
3361
CCTATTACCG
GGTGCAACTG
GTAGTTAAGA
GAGCTGCAGC
TGCCGTCATC
CCTGAGCAGG
3421
GGGGCCACTT
CGTTAAGCAT
GTCCCTGACT
CGCATGTTTT
CCCTGACCAA
ATCCGCCAGA
3481
AGGCGCTCGC
CGCCCAGCGA
TAGCAGTTCT
TGCAAGGAAG
CAAAGTTTTT
CAACGGTTTG
3541
AGACCGTCCG
CCGTAGGCAT
GCTTTTGAGC
GTTTGACCAA
GCAGTTCCAG
GCGGTCCCAC
3601
AGCTCGGTCA
CCTGCTCTAC
GGCATCTCGA
TCCAGCATAT
CTCCTCGTTT
CGCGGGTTGG
3661
GGCGGCTTTC
GCTGTACGGC
AGTAGTCGGT
GCTCGTCCAG
ACGGGCCAGG
GTCATGTCTT
3721
TCCACGGGCG
CAGGGTCCTC
GTCAGCGTAG
TCTGGGTCAC
GGTGAAGGGG
TGCGCTCCGG
3781
GCTGCGCGCT
GGCCAGGGTG
CGCTTGAGGC
TGGTCCTGCT
GGTGCTGAAG
CGCTGCCGGT
3841
CTTCGCCCTG
CGCGTCGGCC
AGGTAGCATT
TGACCATGGT
GTCATAGTCC
AGCCCCTCCG
3901
CGGCGTGGCC
CTTGGCGCGC
AGCTTGCCCT
TGGAGGAGGC
GCCGCACGAG
GGGCAGTGCA
3961
GACTTTTGAG
GGCGTAGAGC
TTGGGCGCGA
GAAATACCGA
TTCCGGGGAG
TAGGCATCCG
4021
CGCCGCAGGC
CCCGCAGACG
GTCTCGCATT
CCACGAGCCA
GGTGAGCTCT
GGCCGTTCGG
4081
GGTCAAAAAC
CAGGTTTCCC
CCATGCTTTT
TGATGCGTTT
CTTACCTCTG
GTTTCCATGA
4141
GCCGGTGTCC
ACGCTCGGTG
ACGAAAAGGC
TGTCCGTGTC
CCCGTATACA
GACTTGAGAG
4201
GCCTGTCCTC
GAGCGGTGTT
CCGCGGTCCT
CCTCGTATAG
AAACTCGGAC
CACTCTGAGA
4261
CAAAGGCTCG
CGTCCAGGCC
AGCACGAAGG
AGGCTAAGTG
GGAGGGGTAG
CGGTCGTTGT
4321
CCACTAGGGG
GTCCACTCGC
TCCAGGGTGT
GAAGACACAT
GTCGCCCTCT
TCGGCATCAA
4381
GGAAGGTGAT
TGGTTTGTAG
GTGTAGGCCA
CGTGACCGGG
TGTTCCTGAA
GGGGGGCTAT
4441
AAAAGGGGGT
GGGGGCGCGT
TCGTCCTCAC
TCTCTTCCGC
ATCGCTGTCT
GCGAGGGCCA
4501
GCTGTTGGGG
TGAGTACTCC
CTCTGAAAAG
CGGGCATGAC
TTCTGCGCTA
AGATTGTCAG
4561
TTTCCAAAAA
CGAGGAGGAT
TTGATATTCA
CCTGGCCCGC
GGTGATGCCT
TTGAGGGTGG
4621
CCGCATCCAT
CTGGTCAGAA
AAGACAATCT
TTTTGTTGTC
AAGCTTGGTG
GCAAACGACC
4681
CGTAGAGGGC
GTTGGACAGC
AACTTGGCGA
TGGAGCGCAG
GGTTTGGTTT
TTGTCGCGAT
4741
CGGCGCGCTC
CTTGGCCGCG
ATGTTTAGCT
GCACGTATTC
GCGCGCAACG
CACCGCCATT
4801
CGGGAAAGAC
GGTGGTGCGC
TCGTCGGGCA
CCAGGTGCAC
GCGCCAACCG
CGGTTGTGCA
4861
GGGTGACAAG
GTCAACGCTG
GTGGCTACCT
CTCCGCGTAG
GCGCTCGTTG
GTCCAGCAGA
4921
GGCGGCCGCC
CTTGCGCGAG
CAGAATGGCG
GTAGGGGGTC
TAGCTGCGTC
TCGTCCGGGG
4981
GGTCTGCGTC
CACGGTAAAG
ACCCCGGGCA
GCAGGCGCGC
GTCGAAGTAG
TCTATCTTGC
5041
ATCCTTGCAA
GTCTAGCGCC
TGCTGCCATG
CGCGGGCGGC
AAGCGCGCGC
TCGTATGGGT
5101
TGAGTGGGGG
ACCCCATGGC
ATGGGGTGGG
TGAGCGCGGA
GGCGTACATG
CCGCAAATGT
5161
CGTAAACGTA
GAGGGGCTCT
CTGAGTATTC
CAAGATATGT
AGGGTAGCAT
CTTCCACCGC
Printed from Mimosa 10/29/1999 17:23:46 page -22-
21
5221
GGATGCTGGC
GCGCACGTAA
TCGTATAGTT
CGTGCGAGGG
AGCGAGGAGG
TCGGGACCGA
5281
GGTTGCTACG
GGCGGGCTGC
TCTGCTCGGA
AGACTATCTG
CCTGAAGATG
GCATGTGAGT
5341
TGGATGATAT
GGTTGGACGC
TGGAAGACGT
TGAAGCTGGC
GTCTGTGAGA
CCTACCGCGT
5401
CACGCACGAA
GGAGGCGTAG
GAGTCGCGCA
GCTTGTTGAC
CAGCTCGGCG
GTGACCTGCA
5461
CGTCTAGGGC
GCAGTAGTCC
AGGGTTTCCT
TGATGATGTC
ATACTTATCC
TGTCCCTTTT
5521
TTTTCCACAG
CTCGCGGTTG
AGGACAAACT
CTTCGCGGTC
TTTCCAGTAC
TCTTGGATCG
5581
GAAACCCGTC
GGCCTCCGAA
CGGTAAGAGC
CTAGCATGTA
GAACTGGTTG
ACGGCCTGGT
5641
AGG CGCAGCA
TCCCTTTTCT
ACGGGTAGCG
CGTATGCCTG
CGCGGCCTTC
CGGAGCGAGG
5701
TGTGGGTGAG
CGCAAAGGTG
TCCCTGACCA
TGACTTTGAG
GTACTGGTAT
TTGAAGTCAG
5761
TGTCGTCGCA
TCCGCCCTGC
TCCCAGAGCA
AAAAGTCCGT
GCGCTTTTTG
GAACGCGGAT
5821
TTGGCAGGGC
GAAGGTGACA
TCGTTGAAGA
GTATCTTTCC
CGCGCGAGGC
ATAAAGTTGC
5881
GTGTGATGCG
GAAGGGTCCC
GGCACCTCGG
AACGGTTGTT
AATTACCTGG
GCGGCGAGCA
5941
CGATCTCGTC
AAAGCCGTTG
ATGTTGTGGC
CCACAATGTA
AAGTTCCAAG
AAGCGCGGGA
6001
TGCCCTTGAT
GGAAGGCAAT
TTTTTAAGTT
CCTCGTAGGT
GAGCTCTTCA
GGGGAGCTGA
6061
GCCCGTGCTC
TGAAAGGGCC
CAGTCTGCAA
GATGAGGGTT
GGAAGCGACG
AATGAGCTCC
6121
ACAGGTCACG
GGCCATTAGC
ATTTGCAGGT
GGTCGCGAAA
GGTCCTAAAC
TGGCGACCTA
6181
TGGCCATTTT
TTCTGGGGTG
ATGCAGTAGA
AGGTAAGCGG
GTCTTGTTCC
CAGCGGTCCC
6241
ATCCAAGGTT
CGCGGCTAGG
TCTCGCGCGG
CAGTCACTAG
AGGCTCATCT
CCGCCGAACT
6301
TCATGACCAG
CATGAAGGGC
ACGAGCTGCT
TCCCAAAGGC
CCCCATCCAA
GTATAGGTCT
6361
CTACATCGTA
GGTGACAAAG
AGACGCTCGG
TGCGAGGATG
CGAGCCGATC
GGGAAGAACT
6421
GGATCTCCCG
CCACCAATTG
GAGGAGTGGC
TATTGATGTG
GTGAAAGTAG
AAGTCCCTGC
6481
GACGGGCCGA
ACACTCGTGC
TGGCTTTTGT
AAAAACGTGC
GCAGTACTGG
CAGCGGTGCA
6541
CGGGCTGTAC
ATCCTGCACG
AGGTTGACCT
GACGACCGCG
CACAAGGAAG
CAGAGTGGGA
6601
ATTTGAGCCC
CTCGCCTGGC
GGGTTTGGCT
GGTGGTCTTC
TACTTCGGCT
GCTTGTCCTT
6661
GACCGTCTGG
CTGCTCGAGG
GGAGTTACGG
TGGATCGGAC
CACCACGCCG
CGCGAGCCCA
6721
AAGTCCAGAT
GTCCGCGCGC
GGCGGTCGGA
GCTTGATGAC
AACATCGCGC
AGATGGGAGC
6781
TGTCCATGGT
CTGGAGCTCC
CGCGGCGTCA
GGTCAGGCGG
GAGCTCCTGC
AGGTTTACCT
6841
CGCATAGACG
GGTCAGGGCG
CGGGCTAGAT
CCAGGTGATA
CCTAATTTCC
AGGGGCTGGT
6901
TGGTGGCGGC
GTCGATGGCT
TGCAAGAGGC
CGCATCCCCG
CGGCGCGACT
ACGGTACCGC
6961
GCGGCGGGCG
GTGGGCCGCG
GGGGTGTCCT
TGGATGATGC
ATCTAAAAGC
GGTGACGCGG
7021
GCGAGCCCCC
GGAGGTAGGG
GGGGCTCCGG
ACCCGCCGGG
AGAGGGGGCA
GGGGCACGTC
7081
GGCGCCGCGC
GCGGGCAGGA
GCTGGTGCTG
CGCGCGTAGG
TTGCTGGCGA
ACGCGACGAC
7141
GCGGCGGTTG
ATCTCCTGAA
TCTGGCGCCT
CTGCGTGAAG
ACGACGGGCC
CGGTGAGCTT
7201
GAGCCTGAAA
GAGAGTTCGA
CAGAATCAAT
TTCGGTGTCG
TTGACGGCGG
CCTGGCGCAA
7261
AATCTCCTGC
ACGTCTCCTG
AGTTGTCTTG
ATAGGCGATC
TCGGCCATGA
ACTGCTCGAT
7321
CTCTTCCTCC
TGGAGATCAA
TTGAAGCTAG
CTTTAATGCG
GTAGTTTATC
ACAGTTAAAT
Printed from Mimosa 10/29/1999 17:23:46 page -23-
22
7381
TGCTAACGCA
GTCAGGCACC
GTGTATGAAA
TCTAACAATG
CGCTCATCGT
CATCCTCGGC
7441
ACCGTCACCC
TGGATGCTGT
AGGCATAGGC
TTGGTTATGC
CGGTACTGCC
GGGCCTCTTG
7501
CGGGATATCG
TCCATTCCGA
CAGCATCGCC
AGTCACTATG
GCGTGCTGCT
AGCGCTATAT
7561
GCGTTGATGC
AATTTCTATG
CGCACCCGTT
CTCGGAGCAC
TGTCCGACCG
CTTTGGCCGC
7621
CGCCCAGTCC
TGCTCGCTTC
GCTACTTGGA
GCCACTATCG
ACTACGCGAT
CATGGCGACC
7681
ACACCCGTCC
TGTGGATCTC
GACCGATGCC
CTTGAGAGCC
TTCAACCCAG
TCAGCTCCTT
7741
CCGGTGGGCG
CGGGGCATGA
CTATCGTCGC
CGCACTTATG
ACTGTCTTCT
TTATCATGCA
7801
ACTCGTAGGA
CAGGTGCCGG
CAGCGCTCTG
GGTCATTTTC
GGCGAGGACC
GCTTTCGCTG
7861
GAGCGCGACG
ATGATCGGCC
TGTCGCTTGC
GGTATTCGGA
ATCTTGCACG
CCCTCGCTCA
7921
AGCCTTCGTC
ACTGGTCCCG
CCACCAAACG
TTTCGGCGAG
AAGCAGGCCA
TTATCGCCGG
7981
CATGGCGGCC
GACGCGCTGG
GCTACGTCTT
GCTGGCGTTC
GCGACGCGAG
GCTGGATGGC
8041
CTTCCCCATT
ATGATTCTTC
TCGCTTCCGG
CGGCATCGGG
ATGCCCGCGT
TGCAGGCCAT
8101
GCTGTCCAGG
CAGGTAGATG
ACGACCATCA
GGGACAGCTT
CAAGGATCGC
TCGCGGCTCT
8161
TACCAGCCCA
GCAAAAGGCC
AGGAACCGTA
AAAAGGCCGC
GTTGCTGGCG
TTTTTCCATA
8221
GGCTCCGCCC
CCCTGACGAG
CATCACAAAA
ATCGACGCTC
AAGTCAGAGG
TGGCGAAACC
8281
CGACAGGACT
ATAAAGATAC
CAGGCGTTTC
CCCCTGGAAG
CTCCCTCGTG
CGCTCTCCTG
8341
TTCCGACCCT
GCCGCTTACC
GGATACCTGT
CCGCCTTTCT
CCCTTCGGGA
AGCGTGGCGC
8401
TTTCTCATAG
CTCACGCTGT
AGGTATCTCA
GTTCGGTGTA
GGTCGTTCGC
TCCAAGCTGG
8461
GCTGTGTGCA
CGAACCCCCC
GTTCAGCCCG
ACCGCTGCGC
CTTATCCGGT
AACTATCGTC
8521
TTGAGTCCAA
CCCGGTAAGA
CACGACTTAT
CGCCACTGGC
AGCAGCCACT
GGTAACAGGA
8581
TTAGCAGAGC
GAGGTATGTA
GGCGGTGCTA
CAGAGTTCTT
GAAGTGGTGG
CCTAACTACG
8641
GCTACACTAG
AAGGACAGTA
TTTGGTATCT
GCGCTCTGCT
GAAGCCAGTT
ACCTTCGGAA
8701
AAAGAGTTGG
TAGCTCTTGA
TCCGGCAAAC
AAACCACCGC
TGGTAGCGGT
GGTTTTTTTG
8761
TTTGCAAGCA
GCAGATTACG
CGCAGAAAAA
AAGGATCTCA
AGAAGATCCT
TTGATCTTTT
8821
CTACGGGGTC
TGACGCTCAG
TGGAACGAAA
ACTCACGTTA
AGGGATTTTG
GTCATGAGAT
8881
TATCAAAAAG
GATCTTCACC
TAGATCCTTT
TAAATTAAAA
ATGAAGTTTT
AAATCAATCT
8941
AAAGTATATA
TGAGTAAACT
TGGTCTGACA
GTTACCAATG
CTTAATCAGT
GAGGCACCTA
9001
TCTCAGCGAT
CTGTCTATTT
CGTTCATCCA
TAGTTGCCTG
ACTCCCCGTC
GTGTAGATAA
9061
CTACGATACG
GGAGGGCTTA
CCATCTGGCC
CCAGTGCTGC
AATGATACCG
CGAGACCCAC
9121
GCTCACCGGC
TCCAGATTTA
TCAGCAATAA
ACCAGCCAGC
CGGAAGGGCC
GAGCGCAGAA
9181
GTGGTCCTGC
AACTTTATCC
GCCTCCATCC
AGTCTATTAA
TTGTTGCCGG
GAAGCTAGAG
9241
TAAGTAGTTC
GCCAGTTAAT
AGTTTGCGCA
ACGTTGTTGC
CATTGCTGCA
GGCATCGTGG
9301
TGTCACGCTC
GTCGTTTGGT
ATGGCTTCAT
TCAGCTCCGG
TTCCCAACGA
TCAAGGCGAG
9361
TTACATGATC
CCCCATGTTG
TGCAAAAAAG
CGGTTAGCTC
CTTCGGTCCT
CCGATCGTTG
9421
TCAGAAGTAA
GTTGGCCGCA
GTGTTATCAC
TCATGGTTAT
GGCAGCACTG
CATAATTCTC
9481
TTACTGTCAT
GCCATCCGTA
AGATGCTTTT
CTGTGACTGG
TGAGTACTCA
ACCAAGTCAT
Printed from Mimosa 10/29/1999 17:23:46 page -24-
23
9541
TCTGAGAATA
GTGTATGCGG
CGACCGAGTT
GCTCTTGCCC
GGCGTCAACA
CGGGATAATA
9601
CCGCGCCACA
TAGCAGAACT
TTAAAAGTGC
TCATCATTGG
AAAACGTTCT
TCGGGGCGAA
9661
AACTCTCAAG
GATCTTACCG
CTGTTGAGAT
CCAGTTCGAT
GTAACCCACT
CGTGCACCCA
9721
ACTGATCTTC
AGCATCTTTT
ACTTTCACCA
GCGTTTCTGG
GTGAGCAAAA
ACAGGAAGGC
9781
AAAATGCCGC
AAAAAAGGGA
ATAAGGGCGA
CACGGAAATG
TTGAATACTC
ATACTCTTCC
9841
TTTTTCAATA
TTATTGAAGC
ATTTATCAGG
GTTATTGTCT
CATGAGCGGA
TACATATTTG
9901
AATGTATTTA
GAAAAATAAA
CAAATAGGGG
TTCCGCGCAC
ATTTCCCCGA
AAAGTGCCAC
9961
CTGACGTCTA
AGAAACCATT
ATTATCATGA
CATTAACCTA
TAAAAATAGG
CGTATCACGA
10021
GGCCCTTTCG
TCTTCAAGAA
TTCTCATGTT
TGACAGCTTA
TCATCATCAA
TAATATACCT
10081
TATTTTGGAT
TGAAGCCAAT
ATGATAATGA
GGGGGTGGAG
TTTGTGACGT
GGCGCGGGGC
10141
GTGGGAACGG
GGCGGGTGAC
GTAGTAGTGT
GGCGGAAGTG
TGATGTTGCA
AGTGTGGCGG
10201
AACACATGTA
AGCGACGGAT
GTGGCAAAAG
TGACGTTTTT
GGTGTGCGCC
GGTGTACACA
10261
GGAAGTGACA
ATTTTCGCGC
GGTTTTAGGC
GGATGTTGTA
GTAAATTTGG
GCGTAACCGA
10321
GTAAGATTTG
GC
Printed from Mimosa 10/29/1999 17:23:46 page -25-
1. A recombinant nucleic acid molecule comprising a vector useful for transfection or transduction of mammalian, e.g. human, cells, wherein said vector contains a nucleic acid insertion encoding an expressible hybrid polypeptide or protein which comprises a domain with a binding function and a domain with an effector function, wherein the domain with a binding function is a cell surface receptor binding domain.
2. A recombinant nucleic acid molecule according to
Claims (1)
- Claim 1, wherein said nucleic acid insert ion E'encddiihrg)Pa'nv jj OFF.CE OF N.Z. j 1 0 foOV UZ1 1 WO 98/51788 PCT/NL98/00259 expressible hybrid polypeptide or protein is under the control of a cell- or tissue-specific promoter. 16. A recombinant nucleic acid molecule according to Claim 1, wherein said nucleic acid insertion encoding an 5 expressible hybrid polypeptide or protein is under the control of an endothelial cell-specific promoter, or a vascular smooth muscle cell-specific promoter, or a liver-specific promoter. 17. A recombinant nucleic acid molecule comprising a vector 10 useful for transfection or cransduction of mammalian, e.g. human, cells, wherein said vector contains a nucleic acid insertion encoding an expressible hybrid polypepcide or protein which comprises a receptor binding domain selected from the group consisting of urokinase recepcor binding domain of urokinase, 15 receptor binding domain of epidermal growth factor, receptor associated protein that binds to LDL Receptor related protein (a2-macroglobulin receptor) and VLDL Receptor, and a domain with protease inhibitor activity which comprises a protease inhibitor or active part thereof, said protease inhibitor being selected 2 0 from the group consisting of (bovine) pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, (bovine) splenic trypsin inhibitor, urinary trypsin inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 3, and elastase inhibitor. 25 If 'TELLiCl JAL PROPERTY O.TiCc OF N.Z. 1 u hoy 2C23 50.0 intellectual property office of n.z. " 1 OCT 2001 Received 18. A-process for producing a hybrid polypeptide or protein which comprises a domain with a binding function and a domain with an effector function, comprising transfecting or transducing mammalian cells with a recombinant nucleic acid molecule as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 17 to obtain expression of the hybrid polypeptide or protein encoded by said nucleic acid molecule, and optionally recovering the hybrid polypeptide or protein produced, wherein said process excludes the therapeutic treatment of humans, 19. A recombinant nucleic acid molecule as claimed in claim 1 or 17 substantially as herein described or exemplified. 20. A process as claimed in claim 18 substantially as herein described or exemplified. 21. Use of a recombinant nucleic acid molecule as claimed in any one of the preceding claims for the preparation of a medicament for preventing local proteolytic activity, extracellular matrix degradation, cell migration, cell invasion or tissue remodeling. 22. A process for producing a hybrid polypeptide or protein which comprises a domain with a binding function and a domain with an effector function, comprising transfecting or transducing non-human mammalian cells with a recombinant nucleic acid molecule as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 17 to obtain expression of the hybrid polypeptide or protein encoded by said nucleic acid molecule, and optionally recovering the hybrid polypeptide or protein produced. 23. A process for preventing local proteolytic activity, extracellular matrix degradation, cell migration, cell invasion or tissue remodeling in a non-human animal, comprising transfecting or transducing the cells involved or cells in their environment with a recombinant nucleic acid molecule as claimed in any one of the preceding claims to obtain local expression of the hybrid polypeptide or protein encoded by said nucleic acid molecule.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97201423 | 1997-05-12 | ||
PCT/NL1998/000259 WO1998051788A2 (en) | 1997-05-12 | 1998-05-11 | Method and construct for inhibition of cell migration |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ500656A true NZ500656A (en) | 2001-11-30 |
Family
ID=8228315
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NZ500656A NZ500656A (en) | 1997-05-12 | 1998-05-11 | Vector containing a nucleic acid insertion expressing a hybrid polypeptide with a protease inhibitor domain and a receptor binding domain |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0981606A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001525669A (en) |
AU (1) | AU7553698A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2289117A1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO995564L (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ500656A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998051788A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999055365A1 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1999-11-04 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Adenoviral vectors with tandem fiber proteins |
JP2002525065A (en) | 1998-09-11 | 2002-08-13 | ジェンベク、インコーポレイティッド | Adenoviruses selectively targeted |
DE10020125A1 (en) | 2000-04-18 | 2001-10-25 | Friedrich Schiller Uni Jena Bu | Agent for stimulating bone regrowth, useful as insert after surgery for bone cancer, comprises single sequence expressing a fusion of growth factor and protease inhibitor |
EP1903113A1 (en) * | 2000-12-18 | 2008-03-26 | Arriva Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Multifunctional protease inhibitors and their use in treatment of disease |
ATE384800T1 (en) * | 2000-12-18 | 2008-02-15 | Arriva Pharmaceuticals Inc | MULTIFUNCTIONAL PROTEASE INHIBITORS AND THEIR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF DISEASES |
US7247704B2 (en) | 2000-12-18 | 2007-07-24 | Arriva Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Multifunctional protease inhibitors and their use in treatment of disease |
JP4475561B2 (en) | 2001-10-11 | 2010-06-09 | メルク・シャープ・エンド・ドーム・コーポレイション | Hepatitis C virus vaccine |
EP2172552A3 (en) * | 2001-10-11 | 2010-07-21 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | Recombinant nucleic acids comprising regions of AD6 |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0623679B1 (en) * | 1987-05-21 | 2003-06-25 | Micromet AG | Targeted multifunctional proteins |
US5504001A (en) * | 1987-11-25 | 1996-04-02 | Zymogenetics, Inc. | Hybrid plasminogen activator |
DE69025211T2 (en) * | 1989-02-17 | 1996-09-19 | Merck & Co Inc | Protein anti-cancer drug |
AU648505B2 (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1994-04-28 | Amgen, Inc. | Metalloproteinase inhibitor |
DK0404750T3 (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1994-10-03 | Univ Washington | Tissue inhibitor for metalloproteases |
CA2071969A1 (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1991-06-23 | John R. Murphy | Hybrid molecules having translocation region and cell-binding region |
ATE212059T1 (en) * | 1990-02-15 | 2002-02-15 | METHODS FOR IDENTIFYING HETEROFUNCTIONAL FUSION PROTEINS | |
GB2246779B (en) * | 1990-08-03 | 1994-08-17 | Delta Biotechnology Ltd | Tumour-associated protease inhibitors targeted to tumour cells |
EP0730660A4 (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1998-02-25 | Incyte Pharma Inc | Chimeric proteins including protease nexin-1 variants |
WO1995013091A1 (en) * | 1993-11-12 | 1995-05-18 | International Technology Management Associates, Ltd. | Methods of repairing connective tissues |
US5550213A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1996-08-27 | Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey | Inhibitors of urokinase plasminogen activator |
DE69533472T2 (en) * | 1994-01-11 | 2006-01-12 | Dyax Corp., Cambridge | KALLIKER INHIBITING "KUNITZ DOMAIN" PROTEINS AND DERIVATIVES THEREOF |
AU2342995A (en) * | 1994-04-22 | 1995-11-16 | Jorgen Gliemann | Peptides binding to the alpha2-macroglobulin receptor/low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein |
US5712149A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1998-01-27 | Cell Genesys, Inc. | Chimeric receptor molecules for delivery of co-stimulatory signals |
US5843724A (en) * | 1995-04-27 | 1998-12-01 | Rutgers University | Chimeric nucleic acids and proteins for inhibiting HIV-1 expression |
US5726050A (en) * | 1995-06-20 | 1998-03-10 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Z-DNA binding protein and applications |
AU1210797A (en) * | 1996-01-08 | 1997-08-01 | Nissin Food Products Co., Ltd. | Cancerous metastasis inhibitor |
-
1998
- 1998-05-11 NZ NZ500656A patent/NZ500656A/en unknown
- 1998-05-11 AU AU75536/98A patent/AU7553698A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-05-11 CA CA002289117A patent/CA2289117A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-05-11 WO PCT/NL1998/000259 patent/WO1998051788A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-05-11 EP EP98923197A patent/EP0981606A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-05-11 JP JP54907798A patent/JP2001525669A/en not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-11-12 NO NO995564A patent/NO995564L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU7553698A (en) | 1998-12-08 |
WO1998051788A3 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
JP2001525669A (en) | 2001-12-11 |
EP0981606A2 (en) | 2000-03-01 |
NO995564L (en) | 2000-01-11 |
NO995564D0 (en) | 1999-11-12 |
WO1998051788A2 (en) | 1998-11-19 |
CA2289117A1 (en) | 1998-11-19 |
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