NZ197260A - Preparation of hydrocarbon mixture from mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen - Google Patents

Preparation of hydrocarbon mixture from mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen

Info

Publication number
NZ197260A
NZ197260A NZ197260A NZ19726081A NZ197260A NZ 197260 A NZ197260 A NZ 197260A NZ 197260 A NZ197260 A NZ 197260A NZ 19726081 A NZ19726081 A NZ 19726081A NZ 197260 A NZ197260 A NZ 197260A
Authority
NZ
New Zealand
Prior art keywords
mixture
hydrogen
preparation
carbon monoxide
hydrocarbon
Prior art date
Application number
NZ197260A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
H M J Bijwaard
L Schaper
M A M Boersma
Original Assignee
Shell Int Research
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Int Research filed Critical Shell Int Research
Publication of NZ197260A publication Critical patent/NZ197260A/xx

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
    • C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
    • C10G2/33—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used
    • C10G2/331—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used containing group VIII-metals
    • C10G2/332—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used containing group VIII-metals of the iron-group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/74—Iron group metals
    • B01J23/745—Iron
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/78—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
    • C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
    • C07C1/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C07C1/0425—Catalysts; their physical properties
    • C07C1/043—Catalysts; their physical properties characterised by the composition
    • C07C1/0435—Catalysts; their physical properties characterised by the composition containing a metal of group 8 or a compound thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
    • C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
    • C07C1/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C07C1/0425—Catalysts; their physical properties
    • C07C1/043—Catalysts; their physical properties characterised by the composition
    • C07C1/0435—Catalysts; their physical properties characterised by the composition containing a metal of group 8 or a compound thereof
    • C07C1/044—Catalysts; their physical properties characterised by the composition containing a metal of group 8 or a compound thereof containing iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
    • C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
    • C07C1/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C07C1/0425—Catalysts; their physical properties
    • C07C1/0445—Preparation; Activation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
    • C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
    • C07C1/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C07C1/0485—Set-up of reactors or accessories; Multi-step processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
    • C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
    • C10G2/33—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used
    • C10G2/331—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used containing group VIII-metals
    • C10G2/333—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used containing group VIII-metals of the platinum-group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C07C2521/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • C07C2521/04—Alumina
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C07C2521/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • C07C2521/08—Silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C07C2521/10—Magnesium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
    • C07C2523/04—Alkali metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C07C2523/26—Chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
    • C07C2523/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • C07C2523/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • C07C2523/72—Copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • C07C2523/74—Iron group metals
    • C07C2523/745—Iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • C07C2523/74—Iron group metals
    • C07C2523/75—Cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • C07C2523/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups C07C2523/02 - C07C2523/36
    • C07C2523/78—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups C07C2523/02 - C07C2523/36 with alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • C07C2523/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups C07C2523/02 - C07C2523/36
    • C07C2523/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups C07C2523/02 - C07C2523/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • C07C2523/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C07C2523/86—Chromium

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
NZ197260A 1980-06-03 1981-06-02 Preparation of hydrocarbon mixture from mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen NZ197260A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8003215A NL8003215A (nl) 1980-06-03 1980-06-03 Werkwijze voor de bereiding van koolwaterstoffen.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
NZ197260A true NZ197260A (en) 1983-11-18

Family

ID=19835408

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NZ197260A NZ197260A (en) 1980-06-03 1981-06-02 Preparation of hydrocarbon mixture from mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen

Country Status (16)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5724314A (Direct)
AT (1) AT371793B (Direct)
AU (1) AU539212B2 (Direct)
BE (1) BE888922A (Direct)
BR (1) BR8103445A (Direct)
CA (1) CA1152535A (Direct)
DE (1) DE3121752A1 (Direct)
ES (1) ES502652A0 (Direct)
FR (1) FR2483400A1 (Direct)
GB (1) GB2077754B (Direct)
IN (1) IN154191B (Direct)
IT (1) IT1136783B (Direct)
NL (1) NL8003215A (Direct)
NZ (1) NZ197260A (Direct)
SE (1) SE446971B (Direct)
ZA (1) ZA813658B (Direct)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8006484A (nl) * 1980-11-28 1982-06-16 Shell Int Research Werkwijze voor de bereiding van koolwaterstoffen.
NL8006751A (nl) * 1980-12-12 1982-07-01 Shell Int Research Werkwijze voor de bereiding van zuurstofhoudende organische verbindingen en paraffinische koolwaterstoffen.
CA1196617A (en) * 1982-07-14 1985-11-12 George E. Morris Catalyst composition, method for its production and its use in the production of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas
DE3375913D1 (en) * 1982-11-22 1988-04-14 Shell Int Research Process for the preparation of hydrocarbons
CA1240708A (en) * 1983-11-15 1988-08-16 Johannes K. Minderhoud Process for the preparation of hydrocarbons
CA1234158A (en) * 1983-11-15 1988-03-15 Johannes K. Minderhoud Process for the preparation of hydrocarbons
GB8330606D0 (en) * 1983-11-16 1983-12-21 Shell Int Research Preparation of hydrocarbons and fuel gas
NL8400609A (nl) * 1984-02-28 1985-09-16 Shell Int Research Werkwijze voor de bereiding van koolwaterstoffen.
US4663355A (en) * 1984-06-27 1987-05-05 Union Carbide Corporation Catalyst and process for converting synthesis gas to liquid motor fuels
US4617320A (en) * 1984-06-27 1986-10-14 Union Carbide Corporation Enhanced conversion of syngas to liquid motor fuels
US4632941A (en) * 1984-06-27 1986-12-30 Union Carbide Corporation Enhanced catalyst and process for converting synthesis gas to liquid motor fuels
US4556645A (en) * 1984-06-27 1985-12-03 Union Carbide Corporation Enhanced catalyst for conversion of syngas to liquid motor fuels
CA1236454A (en) * 1984-06-27 1988-05-10 John J. Tsai Monomeric cationic glycoside derivatives
US4617283A (en) * 1984-06-27 1986-10-14 Union Carbide Corporation Catalyst for converting synthesis gas to liquid motor fuels
US4579830A (en) * 1984-06-27 1986-04-01 Union Carbide Corporation Enhanced catalyst for converting synthesis gas to liquid motor fuels
GB2243616A (en) * 1990-05-04 1991-11-06 Shell Int Research Preparation of paraffinic and aromatic hydrocarbons
US6331573B1 (en) * 2000-02-29 2001-12-18 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Increased liquid sensitivity during fischer-tropsch synthesis by olefin incorporation
US20040133054A1 (en) * 2002-12-06 2004-07-08 Pelati Joseph E. Dehydrogenation catalyst and process for preparing the same

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7704658A (nl) * 1977-04-28 1978-10-31 Shell Int Research Werkwijze voor de bereiding van koolwaterstoffen.
NL190603C (nl) * 1979-07-13 1994-05-16 Shell Int Research Werkwijze voor de bereiding van ijzer-chroom katalysatoren alsmede de toepassing daarvan voor de bereiding van koolwaterstoffen.
NL184214C (nl) * 1979-08-06 1989-05-16 Shell Int Research Werkwijze voor de bereiding van een koolwaterstofmengsel uit een mengsel, dat koolmonoxide en waterstof met een hŸ2/co mol. verhouding van minder dan 1,0 bevat.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7121181A (en) 1981-12-10
GB2077754A (en) 1981-12-23
DE3121752A1 (de) 1982-01-28
ES8303269A1 (es) 1983-02-01
IT1136783B (it) 1986-09-03
ZA813658B (en) 1982-06-30
FR2483400A1 (fr) 1981-12-04
SE446971B (sv) 1986-10-20
DE3121752C2 (Direct) 1989-06-01
ES502652A0 (es) 1983-02-01
BE888922A (nl) 1981-11-23
JPS5724314A (en) 1982-02-08
NL8003215A (nl) 1982-01-04
AU539212B2 (en) 1984-09-13
SE8103437L (sv) 1981-12-04
GB2077754B (en) 1983-06-02
AT371793B (de) 1983-07-25
BR8103445A (pt) 1982-02-24
IN154191B (Direct) 1984-09-29
FR2483400B1 (Direct) 1985-05-03
CA1152535A (en) 1983-08-23
IT8122074A0 (it) 1981-06-01
ATA243881A (de) 1982-12-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
NZ197302A (en) Process for the preparation of middle distillates from carbon monoxide and hydrogen
JPS55139324A (en) Manufacture of c22c4 hydrocarbon from carbon monoxide and hydrogen
NZ199086A (en) Preparation of hydrocarbon mixture from carbon monoxide and hydrogen
DE3161734D1 (en) Vaporisation and gasification of hydrocarbon feedstocks
JPS5618925A (en) Catalytic conversion of hydrocarbon or carbon monoxide and apparatus therefor
PH19891A (en) Manufacture of a gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas from a startin material containing carbon and/or hydrocarbon
AU543284B2 (en) Production of carbon monoxide and hydrogen
ZA807669B (en) Process and catalyst for the preparation of a gas mixture having a high content of methane
NZ196687A (en) Preparation of hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide and hydrogen
JPS5448807A (en) Method of treating mixture containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen
JPS54155993A (en) Method and apparatus for manufacturing gas mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide
JPS57126886A (en) Manufacture of hydrocarbon mixture
ZA825682B (en) Catalysts and process for the preparation of olefins from carbon monoxide/hydrogen gas mixtures
JPS5791740A (en) Improved catalyst of hydrocarbon and its manufacture
JPS5724314A (en) Manufacture of hydrocarbon
NZ196076A (en) Production of oxygenated hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide and hydrogen using rhodium catalyst
JPS55139325A (en) Manufacture of olefin from carbon monoxide and hydrogen
JPS5757792A (en) Removal of hydrogen sulfide from gas mixture containing hydrocarbons
EP0247504A3 (en) Process for the production of gases containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from solid fuels
NZ196997A (en) Preparation of aromatic hydrocarbon mixture from carbon mooxide and hydrogen
DE2962419D1 (en) Methanation of carbon monoxide without prior separation of inert gases
NZ198789A (en) Preparation of aromatic hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide and hydrogen
JPS55104217A (en) Synthesis of ethylene from mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen
JPS565301A (en) Production of hydrogen and carbon monoxide
JPS56166128A (en) Separation of tetrafluoroethylene from gas mixture containing nitrogen or carbon monoxide especially as well as tetrafluoroethylene